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The Two Cultures of Science: Implications for university-Industry Relationships in the U.S. Agriculture Biotechnology

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2014年第2期13卷 455-466页

作者： William B Lacy Leland L Glenna Dina Biscotti Rick Welsh Kate Clancy university of California State College Pennsylvania State University Syracuse university Johns Hopkins university

Partnerships between U.S. universities and industries have existed for several decades and in recent years have become generally more varied, wider in scope, more aggressive and experimental and higher in public visibility. In addition, in the last few decades, public and private interests have advocated for government policies and laws to globally promote the commercialization of university science. This paper examines the persistence or convergence of the two cultures of science and the implications of this commercialization for university-industry relationships in agriculture biotechnology. The perceptions and values of over 200 U.S. university and industry scientists, managers and administrators who participate in or oversee research collaborations in agricultural biotechnology were analyzed. The findings revealed that the participants in these research relationships continue to perceive very distinct cultures of science and identify a wide range of concerns and disadvantages of these partnerships. Several actions were discussed to ensure that the two cultures serve complementary roles and that they maximize the public benefits from these increasing collaborations.

关键词： two cultures of science agricultural biotechnology university-industry relationships

RAY TRACING BEZIER SURFACE

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Chinese Journal of Aeronautics 1990年第1期5卷 49-57页

作者： Chai WeiyanNorthwestern Polytechnical university Northwestern Polytechnical Univ

A new algorithm for ray tracing bicubic Bezier surface intersection is presented. In order to find the intersected patches more effectively, a quadtree representation for surface patches is utilized. The introduction of the alternative binary tree subdivision of Bezier surface effectively improves the performance of the ray surface intersection, with the benefit of avoiding the problem that the binary tree subdivision would produce long narrow patches and speeding the intersection finding process. The algorithm has been programmed in FORTRAN-77 and on prime-550 II computer. The result shows that its structure is simple and it is easy to implement with good performance.

关键词： node RAY TRACING BEZIER SURFACE

NUMERICAL METHOD FOR SOLVING THE EULER EQUATION FOR UNSTEADY TRANSONIC FLOWS OVER OSCILLATING AIRFOILS

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Chinese Journal of Aeronautics 1991年第1期6卷 1-10页

作者： Li FengweiNorthwestern Polytechnical university Northwestern Polytechnical Univ

Through transformations, the time-dependent boundary condition on the airfoil contour and the boundary condition at infinity are brought fixed to the boundaries of a finite domain. The boundary conditions can thus be satisfied exactly without increasing the computational time. The novel scheme is useful for computing transonic, strong disturbance, unsteady flows with high reduced frequencies. The scheme makes use of curvefitted orthogonal meshes and the lattice control technique to obtain the optimal grid distribution. The numerical results are satisfactory.

关键词： NUMERICAL METHOD FOR SOLVING THE EULER EQUATION FOR UNSTEADY TRANSONIC FLOWS OVER OSCILLATING AIRFOILS Flow NACA

PHONOLOGY IN THE LEXICAL PROCESSING OF CHINESE: PRIMING TONE NEIGHBOURS

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心理科学 2000年第2期 133-140+252页

作者： Zhou Xiaolin (Beijing university and Cambridge university)

both visual-visual and auditory-visual priming lexical decision tasks, this study investigated the phonological processing in reading logographic Chinese Compound words sharing segmental templates but differing in lexical tones were used as primes and targets while their relative frequency was manipulated It was found that the tone neighbors did not prime each other significantly at the SOA of 100 msec in visual-visual priming When the SOA was increased to 357 msec, or when primes were presented auditorily, the processing of target words was significantly delayed by their tone neighbors Larger inhibitory effects were observed for low frequency targets with high frequency primes It is argued that although phonological information is automatically activated and this activation affects access to semantics in reading Chinese, phonological mediation is not the only or the main source of constraints on semantic activationPHONOLOGYINTHE

关键词： Chinese lexical processing reading phonological processing visual-visual priming cross modal priming

RESERVOIR DESCRIPTION BY USING A PIECEWISE CONSTANT LEVEL SET METHOD

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Journal of Computational Mathematics 2008年第3期26卷 365-377页

作者： Hongwei Li Center for Integrated Petroleum Research,university of Bergen,Norway Department of Mathematics,Capital Normal university,Beijing 100037,China Xuecheng Tai Department of Mathematics,university of Bergen,Norway Division of Mathematical Sciences,School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences,Nanyang Technological university,Singapore Sigurd Ivar Aanonsen Center for Integrated Petroleum Research,university of Bergen,Norway Department of Mathematics,university of Bergen,Norway Center for Integrated Petroleum Research University of Bergen Norway Belting Department of Mathematics University of Bergen Norway Belting

We consider the permeability estimation problem in two-phase porous media flow. We try to identify the permeability field by utilizing both the production data from wells as well as inverted seismic data. The permeability field is assumed to be piecewise constant, or can be approximated well by a piecewise constant function. A variant of the level set method, called Piecewise Constant Level Set Method is used to represent the interfaces between the regions with different permeability levels. The inverse problem is solved by minimizing a functional, and TV norm regularization is used to deal with the ill-posedness. We also use the operator-splitting technique to decompose the constraint term from the fidelity term. This gives us more flexibility to deal with the constraint and helps to stabilize the algorithm.

关键词： Inverse problem Level set method Piecewise constant Operator splitting,Reservoir description

INVESTIGATION OF BEHAVIOR OF AMMONIUM SULFATE ON SURFACE OF IRON OXIDE Rong Sheng LI~*, Jing Feng CHEN, Hun YANG, Wu Yang ZHANG Dept. of Chemistry, Jilin university, Changchun 130023,

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Chinese Chemical Letters 1993年第5期4卷 463-466页

作者： Quan WEI Testing Center, Jilin university

hhen ammonium sulfate-iron oxide is treated below 573 K, ammonium sulfate can spontaneously desperse on the surface of iron oxide. Simultaneously ammonium sulfate decomposes to some extent. During or after the dispersion, sulfate ion can interact with Fe atom on the surface of iron oxide to form a sort of surface sulfato complex of Fe and thus is transformed from the isolated into the bidentately bound form. Above 573 K the sulfato complex of Fe will gradually decompose with a further increase in temperature.

关键词： of Chemistry Wu Yang ZHANG Dept Jing Feng CHEN INVESTIGATION OF BEHAVIOR OF AMMONIUM SULFATE ON SURFACE OF IRON OXIDE Rong Sheng LI Jilin university Changchun 130023 Hun YANG

A NEW MODELING METHOD FOR MACHINE-FOUNDATION COUPLING SYSTEM AND ITS APPLICATION TO THE CONTROL OF POWER FLOW

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Chinese Journal of Mechanical Engineering 1999年第2期12卷 44-50页

作者： Xiong Yeping Shandong university of Technology Shandong Univ of Technology China

A new concept, namely, the equivalent mobility matrix of coupling subsystem is proposed, and the corresponding threesubsystem coupling progressive approach is explored. With the new efficient approach presented, the complexity in dealing with a more complicated dynamic coupling system is greatly reduced. The new modeling method is then combined with the theory of power flow to investigate the dynamics of the overall non rigid isolation system from the viewpoint of energy. The interaction between the resilient machine of its main modes and the resonant behavior of the flexible foundation on power flow transmission is studied. Taking a machine tool mounted on a multi story working plant as an example, the dynamic characteristics of the machine foundation coupling system are analyzed, and their effects on power flow transmission are revealed under various service frequency bands. Some advisable control strategies and the design principle for machinery mounted on flexible structure are proposed.

关键词： Modeling method Power flow Resilient machine Flexible foundation Subsystem Vibration control

SULFATE RESISTANCE MECHANISM OF HIGH- PERFORMANCE CONCRETE CONTAINING NCI

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Journal of Wuhan university of Technology(Materials Science) 1999年第1期14卷 6-15页

作者： MA Baoguo Wuhan university of Technology Wuhan university of Technology China Coll. of Mat. Sci. and Engineering Wuhan University of Technology Wuhan 430070 China

It is found that the incorporation of Nitrite Corrosion Inhibitor (NCI) greatly weakens the resistance of mixtures to sulfate attack. To study the mechanism of this phenomenon, in this paper, the influence of NCI addition on the cement paste and microstructure change of high performance concrete specimens is studied by means of quantitative XRD, SEM tests. The results demonstrate that the incorporation of NCI accelerates the formation of calcium hydroxide and ettringite crystals, and weakens the pore refinement effect caused by the secondary hydration reaction of fly ash and microsilica. At the age up to one year, the relative crystal quantity in mixture containing NCI is always higher than that in control mixture. The reasons for the degradation in sulfate resistance of mixtures may be attributed to the increase and stability of the calcium hydroxide and ettringite crystals formed and the weakening of secondary hydration reaction. Based on the results, conclusion can be drawn that NCI should be used cautiously in practical engineering where high resistance to sulfate attack is required. (Author abstract) 7 Refs.

关键词： nitrite corrosion inhibitor high-performance concrete microstructure sulfate resistance

AN APPLICATION OF EXTENSION THEORY TO THE EVALUATION OF SLOPE STABILITY

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Journal of Wuhan university of Technology(Materials Science) 1999年第4期14卷 57-62页

作者： LIU Muyu Wuhan university of Technology Wuhan university of Technology China Inst. of Civ. Eng. and Architecture Wuhan University of Technology Wuhan 430070 China

The slope stability is affected by multiple factors. Thecomprehensive evaluation of the slope stability is a complicateproblem. The principles of extension theory have been used in thispaper to establish the matter-element model for the evaluation ofslope stability. The quantitative evaluated results have been giventhrough the calculation of the matter-element dependent degree.

关键词： extension theory matter-element model slope stability