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A dual-function selection system enables positive selection of multigene CRISPR mutants and negative selection of Cas9-free progeny in Arabidopsis

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aBIOTECH 2024年第2期5卷 140-150页

作者： feng-Zhu Wang Ying Bao Zhenxiang Li Xiangyu Xiong Jian-feng Li State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant ResourcesSchool of Life SciencesSun Yat-sen UniversityGuangzhou 510275China

The CRISPR/Cas9 technology revolutionizes targeted gene knockout in diverse organisms including ***,screening edited alleles,particularly those with multiplex editing,from herbicide-or antibiotic-resistant transgenic plants and segregating out the Cas9 transgene represent two laborious *** solutions to facilitate these processes rely on different selection ***,by taking advantage of the opposite functions of a D-amino acid oxidase(DAO)in detoxifying D-serine and in metabolizing non-toxic D-valine to a cytotoxic product,we develop a DAO-based selection system that simultaneously enables the enrichment of multigene edited alleles and elimination of Cas9-containing progeny in Arabidopsis *** five DAOs tested in Escherichia coli,the one encoded by Trigonopsis variabilis(TvDAO)could confer slightly stronger D-serine resistance than other *** expression of TvDAO in Arabidopsis allowed a clear distinction between transgenic and nontransgenic plants in both D-serine-conditioned positive selection and D-valine-conditioned negative *** a proof of concept,we combined CRISPR-induced single-strand annealing repair of a dead TvDAO with D-serine-based positive selection to help identify transgenic plants with multiplex editing,where D-serine-resistant plants exhibited considerably higher co-editing frequencies at three endogenous target genes than those selected by ***,D-valine-based negative selection successfully removed Cas9 and TvDAO transgenes from the survival offspring carrying inherited ***,this work provides a novel strategy to ease CRISPR mutant identification and Cas9 transgene elimination using a single selection marker,which promises more efficient and simplified multiplex CRISPR editing in plants.

关键词： CRISPR Genome editing D-amino acid oxidase Cas9-free Selection marker

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Experimental quantum state compression from two identical qubits to a qutrit

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Science China(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2024年第7期67卷 1-5页

作者： Qiao Xu Lin-Xiang Zhou Tian-feng feng Shang-feng Qiu Si-Wu Li Wu-Ji Zhang Hui Luo Xiao-Qi Zhou State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies and School of Physics Sun Yat-sen UniversityGuangzhou 510000China Hefei National Laboratory Hefei 230088China

In the realm of modern information technology,data compression technology occupies a pivotal *** advancements in quantum information technology,the need to compress large-scale qubits ensembles has become urgent,aiming to reduce the demand on quantum storage ***,existing quantum state compression schemes generally face a limitation:the particles before and after compression must reside in the same dimensional *** specific scenarios,compressing qubits into particles of higher dimensions not only enhances the efficiency of quantum state compression but also further reduces the usage of quantum storage *** we experimentally demonstrated a quantum state compression between particles of different dimensions,successfully compressing two qubits into a single *** average fidelity of the resulting qutrit with the ideal quantum state is *** study may have potential applications in future quantum information,such as increasing quantum communication bandwidth and reducing storage resource consumption in quantum computing.

关键词： quantum state compression quantum information technology optics

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Bayesian partial pooling to reduce uncertainty in overcoring rock stress estimation

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Journal of Rock Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering 2024年第4期16卷 1192-1201页

作者： Yu feng Ke Gao Suzanne Lacasse Norwegian Geotechnical Institute OsloNorway Department of Earth and Space Sciences Southern University of Science and TechnologyShenzhenChina

The state of in situ stress is a crucial parameter in subsurface engineering,especially for critical projects like nuclear waste *** one of the two ISRM suggested methods,the overcoring(OC)method is widely used to estimate the full stress tensors in rocks by independent regression analysis of the data from each OC ***,such customary independent analysis of individual OC tests,known as no pooling,is liable to yield unreliable test-specific stress estimates due to various uncertainty sources involved in the OC *** address this problem,a practical and no-cost solution is considered by incorporating into OC data analysis additional information implied within adjacent OC tests,which are usually available in OC measurement ***,this paper presents a Bayesian partial pooling(hierarchical)model for combined analysis of adjacent OC *** performed five case studies using OC test data made at a nuclear waste repository research site of *** results demonstrate that partial pooling of adjacent OC tests indeed allows borrowing of information across adjacent tests,and yields improved stress tensor estimates with reduced uncertainties simultaneously for all individual tests than they are independently analysed as no pooling,particularly for those unreliable no pooling stress estimates.A further model comparison shows that the partial pooling model also gives better predictive performance,and thus confirms that the information borrowed across adjacent OC tests is relevant and effective.

关键词： Overcoring stress measurement Uncertainty reduction Partial pooling Bayesian hierarchical model Nuclear waste repository

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Audio Mixing Inversion via Embodied Self-supervised Learning

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Machine Intelligence Research 2024年第1期21卷 55-62页

作者： Haotian Zhou feng Yu Xihong Wu Department of AI Music and Music Information Technology Central Conservatory of MusicBeijing 100031China Laboratory of Music Artificial Intelligence Laboratory of Philosophy and Social SciencesMinistry of EducationBeijing 100031China School of Intelligence Science and Technology Peking UniversityBeijing 100871China

Audio mixing is a crucial part of music *** analyzing or recreating audio mixing,it is of great importance to conduct research on estimating mixing parameters used to create mixdowns from music recordings,i.e.,audio mixing ***,approaches of audio mixing inversion are rarely explored.A method of estimating mixing parameters from raw tracks and a stereo mixdown via embodied self-supervised learning is *** this work,several commonly used audio effects including gain,pan,equalization,reverb,and compression,are taken into *** method is able to learn an inference neural network that takes a stereo mixdown and the raw audio sources as input and estimate mixing parameters used to create the mixdown by iteratively sampling and *** the sampling step,the inference network predicts a set of mixing parameters,which is sampled and fed to an audio-processing framework to generate audio data for the training *** the training step,the same network used in the sampling step is optimized with the sampled data generated from the sampling *** method is able to explicitly model the mixing process in an interpretable way instead of using a black-box neural network model.A set of objective measures are used for *** experimental results show that this method has better performance than current state-of-the-art methods.

关键词： Audio mixing inversion intelligent audio mixing self-supervised learning audio signal processing deep learning

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Mathematics of multi-agent learning systems at the interface of game theory and artificial intelligence

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Science China(Information Sciences) 2024年第6期67卷 445-447页

作者： Long WANG feng FU Xingru CHEN Center for Systems and Control College of EngineeringPeking University Center for Multi-Agent Research Institute for Artificial IntelligencePeking University Department of Mathematics Dartmouth College Department of Biomedical Data Science Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth School of Science Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications

Evolutionary game theory (EGT) and artificial intelligence(AI) are two fields that,at first glance,might seem distinct,but they have notable connections and *** former focuses on the evolution of behaviors (or strategies)in a population,where individuals interact with others and update their strategies based on imitation (or social learning).

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Attractor for the Extensible Beam Equation with Nonlocal Weak Damping on Time–Dependent Space

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Acta Mathematica Sinica,English Series 2024年第4期40卷 1115-1126页

作者： Chun Xiang ZHAO feng Juan MENG Institute of Applied System Analysis Jiangsu UniversityZhenjiang 212013P.R.China School of Mathematics and Physics Jiangsu University of TechnologyChangzhou 213001P.R.China

In this article,we consider the long-time behavior of extensible beams with nonlocal weak damping:ε(t)u_(tt)+Δ^(2)u-m(‖▽u‖^(2))Δu+‖u_(t)‖^(p_(u_(t)))+f(u)=h,whereε(t)is a decreasing function vanishing at *** the theory of process on time-dependent spaces,we investigate the existence of the time-dependent attractor by using the Condition(C_(t))method and more detailed *** results obtained essentially improve and complete some previous works.

关键词： Time-dependent attractor extensible beams equation nonlocal weak damping

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CMIP 6 models simulation of the connection between North/South Pacific Meridional Mode and ENSO

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Journal of Oceanology and Limnology 2024年第2期42卷 439-453页

作者： Yunlong LU Junqiao feng Dunxin HU Key Laboratory of Ocean Circulation and Waves Chinese Academy of SciencesQingdao 266071China Institute of Oceanology Chinese Academy of SciencesQingdao 266071China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China Center for Ocean Mega-Science Chinese Academy of SciencesQingdao 266071China

The subtropical North and South Pacific Meridional Modes(NPMM and SPMM)are well known precursors of El Niño-Southern Oscillation(ENSO).However,relationship between them is not *** the early 1980,the relationship experienced an interdecadal *** in this connection can be attributed mainly to the phase change of the Pacific decadal oscillation(PDO).During the positive phase of PDO,a shallower thermocline in the central Pacific is responsible for the stronger trade wind charging(TWC)mechanism,which leads to a stronger equatorial subsurface temperature *** dynamic process strengthens the connection between NPMM and *** with the negative phase of PDO,a shallower thermocline over southeastern Pacific allows an enhanced wind-evaporation-SST(WES)feedback,strengthening the connection between SPMM and *** 35 Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 6(CMIP6)models,we examined the NPMM/SPMM performance and its connection with ENSO in the historical *** great majority of CMIP6 models can reproduce the pattern of NPMM and SPMM well,but they reveal discrepant ENSO and NPMM/SPMM *** intermodal uncertainty for the connection of NPMM-ENSO is due to different TWC mechanism.A stronger TWC mechanism will enhance NPMM *** SPMM,few models can simulate a good relationship with *** intermodel spread in the relationship of SPMM and ENSO owing to SST bias in the southeastern Pacific,as WES feedback is stronger when the southeastern Pacific is warmer.

关键词： North and South Pacific Meridional Modes(NPMM and SPMM) El Niño-Southern Oscillation(ENSO) Pacific decadal oscillation(PDO) Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 6(CMIP6)

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Immune checkpoint inhibition mediated with liposomal nanomedicine for cancer therapy

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Military Medical Research 2024年第1期11卷 98-114页

作者： Guang-Long Ma Wei-feng Lin Faculty of Medicine Centre for Cancer ImmunologyUniversity of SouthamptonSouthampton SO166YDUK Department of Molecular Chemistry and Materials Science Weizmann Institute of Science76100 RehovotIsrael Key Laboratory of Bio-Inspired Smart Interfacial Science and Technology of Ministry of Education School of ChemistryBeihang UniversityBeijing 100191China

Immune checkpoint blockade(ICB)therapy for cancer has achieved great success both in clinical results and on the *** the same time,success drives more attention from scientists to improve ***,only a small portion of patients are responsive to this therapy,and it comes with a unique spectrum of side effects termed immunerelated adverse events(irAEs).The use of nanotechnology could improve ICBs’delivery to the tumor,assist them in penetrating deeper into tumor tissues and alleviate their *** nanomedicine has been investigated and used for decades,and is well-recognized as the most successful nano-drug delivery *** successful combination of ICB with liposomal nanomedicine could help improve the efficacy of ICB *** this review,we highlighted recent studies using liposomal nanomedicine(including new emerging exosomes and their inspired nanovesicles)in associating ICB therapy.

关键词： Liposome Exosome Immune checkpoint blockade(ICB)

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Impacts of pancreatic exocrine insufficiency on gut microbiota

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Journal of Zhejiang University-Science B(Biomedicine & Biotechnology) 2024年第4期25卷 271-279页

作者： Yulin GUO feng CAO Fei LI Department of General Surgery Xuanwu Hospital of Capital Medical UniversityBeijing 100053China Acute Pancreatitis Clinical Center of Capital Medical University Beijing 100053China

Pancreatic exocrine insufficiency(PEI)can be induced by various kinds of diseases,including chronic pancreatitis,acute pancreatitis,and *** main pathogenetic mechanism of PEI involves the decline of trypsin synthesis,disorder of pancreatic fluid flow,and imbalance of secretion *** studies have shown that PEI could induce gut bacterial overgrowth and dysbiosis,with the abundance of Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium increasing the most,which could be partially reversed by pancreatic enzyme replacement *** studies have also confirmed the association between PEI and the dysbiosis of gut *** exocrine secretions and changes in duodenal p H as well as bile salt malabsorption brought about by PEI may affect and shape the abundance and composition of gut *** turn,the gut microbiota may impact the pancreatic exocrine acinus through potential bidirectional *** forward,more and higher-quality studies are needed that focus on the mechanism underlying the impact of PEI on the gut microbiota.

关键词： Pancreatic exocrine insufficiency Gut microbiota Gut microbiome Pancreatic enzyme replacement therapy

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Upcycling electroplating sludge into bioengineering-enabled highly stable dual-site Fe-Ni_(2)P@C electrocatalysts for efficient oxygen evolution

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Nano Research 2024年第8期17卷 6984-6992页

作者： Jiawen Liu Zunpeng Zuo feng Gao Kai Yi Jiahui Lin Mengye Wang Zhang Lin feng Huang State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies School of MaterialsSun Yat-Sen UniversityGuangzhou 510275China Department of Chemistry City University of Hong KongHong Kong 999077China School of Metallurgy and Environment Central South UniversityChangsha 410083China Ganjiang Innovation Academy Chinese Academy of SciencesGanzhou 341000China

The advancement of bimetallic catalysts holds significant promise for the innovation of oxygen evolution reaction(OER)*** from adsorbate evolution mechanism(AEM)and lattice oxygen oxidation mechanism(LOM),the incorporation of dual active sites has the potential to foster novel OER pathways,such as the coupled oxygen evolution mechanism(COM),which can surpass the limitations of OER and elevate catalytic *** this study,uniformly distributed Fe/Ni dual-site Fe-Ni_(2)P@C electrocatalysts are crafted by upcycling metals in electroplating sludge via an eco-friendly and sustainable microbial engineering *** findings indicate that a substantial number of defects emerge at the Ni2P crystal during the OER process,laying the groundwork for lattice oxygen ***,the displacement of Ni/Fe in the crystal lattice intensifies the asymmetry of the electronic structure at the metal active sites,facilitating the deprotonation *** research introduces an innovative paradigm for the synthesis of effective and robust transition metal-based OER catalysts,with implications for sustainable energy generation technologies.

关键词： oxygen evolution reaction dual active sites adsorbate evolution mechanism lattice oxygen mechanism bioengineering

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