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DIGNN-A:Real-Time Network Intrusion Detection with Integrated Neural Networks Based on Dynamic Graph

Computers, Materials & Continua 2025年第1期82卷 817-842页

作者： Jizhao liu Minghao Guo College of Computer Zhongyuan University of TechnologyZhengzhou450007China

The increasing popularity of the Internet and the widespread use of information technology have led to a rise in the number and sophistication of network attacks and security *** detection systems are crucial to network security,playing a pivotal role in safeguarding networks from potential ***,in the context of an evolving landscape of sophisticated and elusive attacks,existing intrusion detection methodologies often overlook critical aspects such as changes in network topology over time and interactions between *** address these issues,this paper proposes a real-time network intrusion detection method based on graph neural *** proposedmethod leverages the advantages of graph neural networks and employs a straightforward graph construction method to represent network traffic as dynamic graph-structured ***,a graph convolution operation with a multi-head attention mechanism is utilized to enhance the model’s ability to capture the intricate relationships within the graph structure ***,it uses an integrated graph neural network to address dynamic graphs’structural and topological changes at different time points and the challenges of edge embedding in intrusion detection *** edge classification problem is effectively transformed into node classification by employing a line graph data representation,which facilitates fine-grained intrusion detection tasks on dynamic graph node feature *** efficacy of the proposed method is evaluated using two commonly used intrusion detection datasets,UNSW-NB15 and NF-ToN-IoT-v2,and results are compared with previous studies in this *** experimental results demonstrate that our proposed method achieves 99.3%and 99.96%accuracy on the two datasets,respectively,and outperforms the benchmark model in several evaluation metrics.

关键词： Intrusion detection graph neural networks attention mechanisms line graphs dynamic graph neural networks

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Interconnections between diabetic corneal neuropathy and diabetic retinopathy:diagnostic and therapeutic implications

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第8期20卷 2169-2180页

作者： Mingyi Yu Faith Teo En Ning Chang liu Yu-Chi liu Tissue Engineering and Stem Cell Group Singapore Eye Research InstituteSingapore Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine National University of SingaporeSingapore Department of Cornea and External Eye Disease Singapore National Eye CenterSingapore Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences Academic Clinical Program Duke-NUS Medical SchoolSingapore

Diabetic corneal neuropathy and diabetic retinopathy are ocular complications occurring in the context of diabetes *** corneal neuropathy refers to the progressive damage of corneal *** retinopathy has traditionally been considered as damage to the retinal ***,growing evidence suggests that diabetic retinopathy is a complex neurovascular disorder resulting from dysfunction of the neurovascular unit,which includes both the retinal vascular structures and neural *** retinopathy is one of the leading causes of blindness and is frequently screened for as part of diabetic ocular ***,diabetic corneal neuropathy is commonly overlooked and underdiagnosed,leading to severe ocular surface *** studies have found that these two conditions tend to occur together,and they share similarities in their pathogenesis pathways,being triggered by a status of chronic *** review aims to discuss the interconnection between diabetic corneal neuropathy and diabetic retinopathy,whether diabetic corneal neuropathy precedes diabetic retinopathy,as well as the relation between the stage of diabetic retinopathy and the severity of corneal *** also endeavor to explore the relevance of a corneal screening in diabetic eyes and the possibility of using corneal nerve measurements to monitor the progression of diabetic retinopathy.

关键词： cornea corneal nerves diabetes diabetic corneal neuropathy diabetic retinopathy retina

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Research progress of catalysts for direct coal liquefaction

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2025年第1期100卷 481-497页

作者： Wei Song Penggao liu Xinyue Chen Ting Wang Chunrong He Rui Hao Kaiyu liu State Key Laboratory of Chemistry and Utilization of Carbon Based Energy Resources College of Chemistry Xinjiang University College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Henan Polytechnic University Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical Power Sources College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Central South University

Coal direct liquefaction technology is a crucial contemporary coal chemical technology for efficient and clean use of coal resources. The development of direct coal liquefaction technology and the promotion of alternative energy sources are important measures to guarantee energy security and economic security. However, several challenges need to be addressed, including low conversion rate, inadequate oil yield, significant coking, demanding reaction conditions, and high energy consumption. Extensive research has been conducted on these issues, but further exploration is required in certain aspects such as pyrolysis of macromolecules during the liquefaction process, hydrogen activation, catalysts' performance and stability, solvent hydrogenation, as well as interactions between free radicals to understand their mechanisms better. This paper presents a comprehensive analysis of the design strategy for efficient catalysts in coal liquefaction, encompassing the mechanism of coal liquefaction, catalyst construction,and enhancement of catalytic conversion efficiency. It serves as a comprehensive guide for further research endeavors. Firstly, it systematically summarizes the conversion mechanism of direct coal liquefaction, provides detailed descriptions of various catalyst design strategies, and especially outlines the catalytic mechanism. Furthermore, it addresses the challenges and prospects associated with constructing efficient catalysts for direct coal liquefaction based on an understanding of their action mechanisms.

关键词： Direct coal liquefaction Catalysts Mechanism of action Solvent hydrogenation

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越鞠丸加味对反流性食管炎大鼠食管黏膜PCNA、p53、CyclinD1表达的影响

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中国中医药科技 2018年第2期25卷 184-187页

作者：郑婷婷叶蔚叶斌刘彬彬浙江省金华中心医院浙江金华321000 杭州市中医院浙江杭州310007

目的:观察越鞠丸加味对反流性食管炎大鼠食管黏膜PCNA、p53和CyclinD1表达的影响。方法:采用"不全幽门结扎+贲门肌切开术"法建立大鼠反流性食管炎模型。50只SD大鼠随机分为正常组、假手术组、模型组、越鞠丸加味组、奥美拉唑组,每组10... 详细信息

目的:观察越鞠丸加味对反流性食管炎大鼠食管黏膜PCNA、p53和CyclinD1表达的影响。方法:采用"不全幽门结扎+贲门肌切开术"法建立大鼠反流性食管炎模型。50只SD大鼠随机分为正常组、假手术组、模型组、越鞠丸加味组、奥美拉唑组,每组10只。各药物组连续给药3周后。HE染色观察大鼠食管黏膜病理学改变;免疫组化法检测PCNA、p53、CyclinD1的表达。结果:从大体上和病理上观察模型组大鼠RE评分与正常组组比较有明显差异(P<0.01);两药物组评分较模型组明显降低(P<0.01)。模型组大鼠食管黏膜PCNA、p53、CyclinD1表达较正常组、假手术组显著增高(P<0.01);越鞠丸加味组和奥美拉唑组大鼠食管黏膜PCNA、p53、CyclinD1表达较模型组显著降低(P<0.01);越鞠丸加味治疗组PCNA、CyclinD1表达低于奥美拉唑组,p53表达两组之间差异无显著性。结论:越鞠丸加味能明显改善反流性食管炎大鼠食管黏膜的病理学改变,减轻食管炎症,降低RE大鼠食管黏膜PCNA、p53、CyclinD1的表达可能是其治疗RE的作用机理之一。

关键词：越鞠丸加味反流性食管炎 PCNA p53,CyclinD1 大鼠

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Miyaoka-type inequalities for terminal threefolds with nef anti-canonical divisors

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Science China Mathematics 2025年第1期68卷 1-18页

作者： Masataka Iwai Chen Jiang Haidong liu Department of Mathematics Graduate School of ScienceOsaka University Shanghai Center for Mathematical Sciences & School of Mathematical Sciences Fudan University Department of mathematics Sun Yat-sen University

In this paper,we study Miyaoka-type inequalities on Chern classes of terminal projective 3-folds with nef anti-canonical *** X be a terminal projective 3-fold such that-KXis *** show that if c1（X） · c2（X）≠0,then c1（X） · c2（X） ≥ 1/252;if further X is not rationally connected,then c1（X） · c2（X） ≥ 4/5 and this inequality is *** order to prove this,we give a partial classification of such varieties along with many *** also study the nonvanishing of c1（X）dim X-2· c2（X） for terminal weak Fano varieties and prove a Miyaoka-Kawamata-type inequality.

关键词： terminal threefolds Miyaoka-type inequality boundedness

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Multiphysics simulation and optimization of the in-situ beneficiation process of ilmenite minerals from lunar regolith

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Science China Earth Sciences 2025年第1期68卷 195-207页

作者： Peng ZHANG Xin liu Guanghui liu Wei DAI Hanzhe YANG Haibo ZHENG Zhi WANG Ran NIU Yifan BAI Yang ZHANG Chengbao liu Ge YANG Junwei YANG Guang ZHANG Technology and Engineering Center for Space Utilization Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing Hegong Simulation Co. Ltd

The exploration and utilization of lunar resources have become the major objectives of future lunar exploration missions. The classified collection and processing of lunar minerals is the basic prerequisite for the in-situ exploration and utilization of lunar resources. In this study, we propose a scheme for in-situ separation of magnetic minerals from lunar soils using the dry magnetic separation method. The scheme can realize the purpose of separating magnetic minerals from lunar regolith by altering the motion trajectory of lunar regolith particles with different magnetic properties. Detailed modeling of the dry magnetic separation device is conducted, and the three-dimensional distribution of magnetic parameters is calculated and analyzed. Based on the characterization and analysis of the Chang E-5's samples, the morphologies and physical parameters of lunar regolith particles are modeled and simulated. A discrete element simulation of the motion process of lunar regolith particles under multi-physical field conditions is performed, and the influences of key parameters on the beneficiation performance of lunar magnetic minerals are investigated. Our results indicate that optimal separation and beneficiation of lunar regolith particles can be achieved under specific conditions of magnetic field strength and drum speed. Additionally, we analyze the effects of lunar weak gravity conditions and the charged nature of lunar particles on the beneficiation process, showing that these factors can obviously enhance the beneficiation process of lunar ilmenites. This study demonstrates the feasibility of using the dry magnetic separation method for the beneficiation of magnetic minerals from lunar regolith, providing a theoretical basis for the scientific tasks of collecting, processing, and utilizing lunar mineral resources.

关键词： Lunar regolith In-situ resource utilization Magnetic separation Classified sampling

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Single-cell omics: experimental workflow, data analyses and applications

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Science China Life Sciences 2025年第1期68卷 5-102页

作者： Fengying Sun Haoyan Li Dongqing Sun Shaliu Fu Lei Gu Xin Shao Qinqin Wang Xin Dong bin Duan Feiyang Xing Jun Wu Minmin Xiao Fangqing Zhao Jing-Dong J.Han Qi liu Xiaohui Fan Chen Li Chenfei Wang Tieliu Shi Department of Clinical Laboratory the Affiliated Wuhu Hospital of East China Normal University (The Second People's Hospital of Wuhu City) Pharmaceutical Informatics Institute College of Pharmaceutical SciencesZhejiang University Key Laboratory of Spine and Spinal Cord Injury Repair and Regeneration (Tongji University) Ministry of EducationOrthopaedic DepartmentTongji HospitalBioinformatics DepartmentSchool of Life Sciences and TechnologyTongji University Frontier Science Center for Stem Cells School of Life Sciences and TechnologyTongji University Translational Medical Center for Stem Cell Therapy and Institute for Regenerative Medicine Shanghai East HospitalBioinformatics DepartmentSchool of Life Sciences and TechnologyTongji University Research Institute of Intelligent Computing Zhejiang Lab Shanghai Research Institute for Intelligent Autonomous Systems Center for Single-cell Omics School of Public HealthShanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine National Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Modernization Innovation Center of Yangtze River DeltaZhejiang University Center for Bioinformatics and Computational Biology Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biologythe Institute of Biomedical Sciences and School of Life SciencesEast China Normal University Beijing Institutes of Life Science Chinese Academy of Sciences Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary StudiesCenter for Quantitative Biology (CQB)Peking University Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Precision Diagnosis and Therapy for Major Gynecological Diseases Women's HospitalZhejiang University School of Medicine Key Laboratory of Advanced Theory and Application in Statistics and Data Science-MOE School of StatisticsEast China Normal University

Cells are the fundamental units of biological systems and exhibit unique development trajectories and molecular features. Our exploration of how the genomes orchestrate the formation and maintenance of each cell, and control the cellular phenotypes of various organismsis, is both captivating and intricate. Since the inception of the first single-cell RNA technology, technologies related to single-cell sequencing have experienced rapid advancements in recent years. These technologies have expanded horizontally to include single-cell genome, epigenome,proteome, and metabolome, while vertically, they have progressed to integrate multiple omics data and incorporate additional information such as spatial sc RNA-seq and CRISPR screening. Single-cell omics represent a groundbreaking advancement in the biomedical field,offering profound insights into the understanding of complex diseases, including cancers. Here, we comprehensively summarize recent advances in single-cell omics technologies, with a specific focus on the methodology section. This overview aims to guide researchers in selecting appropriate methods for single-cell sequencing and related data analysis.

关键词： single-cell sequencing genome epigenome proteomics metabolomics multimodal spatial transcriptomics CRISPR screening

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Applications of in-situ solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance in methanol to olefins reaction

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Science China Chemistry 2025年第1期68卷 134-151页

作者： Jing Niu Shutao Xu Yingxu Wei Zhongmin liu National Engineering Research Center of Lower-Carbon Catalysis Technology Dalian Institute of Chemical PhysicsChinese Academy of Sciences State Key Laboratory of Catalysis Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences University of Chinese Academy of Sciences

The methanol-to-olefins（MTO） reaction offers an alternative pathway for the production of low-carbon olefins from non-oil feedstocks. Fundamental research has been impeded by a lack of comprehensive understanding of its underlying mechanism,despite the significant progress made in industry. In-situ solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance（ss NMR） spectroscopy has emerged as a pivotal tool, offering crucial insights into key species under real-time operando conditions. Furthermore, the host–guest interaction between zeolites or surface species residing on zeolites and the reactant/active intermediates is revealed by the combination of in-situ13C MAS NMR and 2D correlation spectroscopy. Moreover, recent technological advancements in hyperpolarization（HP） methods, including HP129Xe NMR and dynamic nuclear polarization（DNP）, have significantly improved the sensitivity of ss NMR, enabling detailed structural and kinetic analysis as well as the detection of trace species. In this feature article, we summarized recent advancements in（in-situ） ss NMR spectroscopy applied to MTO reaction processes,encompassing mechanistic investigations at various stages and the intricate host–guest interactions. These theoretical insights into the dynamic evolution of MTO reactions lay a solid foundation for the optimization of catalytic processes and the development of efficient catalysts, thereby advancing the techniques towards more sustainable and economical production route for olefins.

关键词： MTO zeolites in-situ ssNMR reactive intermediates reaction mechanism

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Observation of topological charge transformations in acoustic vortex using passive periodic systems

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Science China(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2025年第1期Mechanics & Astronomy) .卷 140-147页

作者： Di-Chao Chen Xie liu Changqing Xu Da-Jian Wu Ying Cheng Xiao-Jun liu School of Physics and Technology Nanjing Normal University Key Laboratory of Modern Acoustics School of Physics Nanjing University

Vortex transmutation utilizes a periodic system, which not only enables the alteration of the topological charge(TC) of unstable input vortices but also facilitates their transformation into stable structures. This approach is crucial for investigating the characteristics of vortices in various wave systems. Here, we achieve acoustic vortex TC transmutation by employing a welldesigned dual-structured plate external system(DPES). The interactions between the acoustic vortex and the finite-order discrete rotational symmetry lead to the transformation of its topological charge when complete rotational symmetry is broken to Nthorder discrete symmetry. Our results experimentally demonstrate the acoustic vortex TC transmutation based on passive artificial structures, enabling numerous applications in particle manipulation and information multiplexing as well as advancing our understanding and control over free-space acoustic vortices.

关键词： acoustic vortex topological charge transformation artificial structure

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Solar trough receiver with V-grooved light traps for efficiency improvement

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Science China Technological Sciences 2025年第1期 146-156页

作者： bin liu Qing LI Yu QIU School of Energy Science and Engineering Central South University

Parabolic trough collector is a promising technology for both domestic and industrial heat supplies. To enhance the collector efficiency, a modified trough receiver with dozens of V-grooved light traps incorporated into its lower-half absorber was introduced. For assessing the performance of this receiver, a solar-thermal-stress coupled model was established. Using this model, firstly, the effects of the V-grooved light traps were investigated. The results reveal that, compared to the conventional trough receiver, the modified trough receivers equipped with different traps can reduce their optical losses by 81.9–138.0 Wm-1（i.e., 15.0%–25.2%）, improving their optical efficiencies by 1.60%–2.69%. However, these traps also result in increased thermal loss from the receiver. Therefore, there is no single optimal modified trough receiver that consistently outperforms all other receivers across all possible conditions. Nonetheless, the MTR30-3 and MTR60-3 receivers emerge as the optimized choices due to their better solar-thermal performance. Subsequently, performance evaluation reveals that the two optimized receivers can enhance the receiver efficiencies within the typical solar irradiance range by 0.02%–2.65% and 0.05%–1.70% when the inlet fluid temperatures are below 488 and 523 K, respectively. Consequently, the collector efficiencies can be improved by 0.02%–2.49% and 0.05%–1.60%, respectively. Additionally, thermal stress analysis verifies that the two optimized receivers remain within safe limits under all typical conditions. Given that the heating temperature of a typical solar collector for domestic or industrial heat supply is typically below 523 K, the integration of the two optimized receivers has the capability to effectively enhance the overall collector efficiency.

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