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American Journal of Analytical Chemistry 2022年第3期13卷 79-95页

作者： Didier Diomandé Tiemoko touré Dro Jacques Sagne Akpa Silvestre Virginie Illa Tea Gérald S. Remaud Laboratoire de Constitution et Réaction de la Matière de l’Université Félix Houphouë t-Boigny Abidjan C&ocirc te d’Ivoire Chimie et Interdisciplinarité Synthèse Analyse Modélisation (CEISAM) Nantes France Laboratoire des Sciences de la Matière de l’Environnement et de l’énergie Solaire Université Félix Houphou&euml t-Boigny Abidjan C&ocirc te d’Ivoire

The determination of the chemical composition of cocoa butter and the isotopic contents of the carbons (C-2, C-1 and C-3) of the glycerol contained in the cocoa butter were measured by the NMR-13C from the INEPT sequence. This technique has already been applied to triglycerides of animal origin. Thus, cocoa butter is made up of nearly 66% saturated fatty acid composed mainly of stearic acid and palmitic acid. Monounsaturated fatty acids represented by oleic acid have an average content of 31% and polyunsaturated fatty acids represent less than 4%. Likewise, the isotopic contents of the glycerol of the triglycerides of cocoa butter in 13C of the carbons C-2, C-1 and C-3 were measured directly and values vary from -11‰ to -19‰ for the C-2 and from -39‰ to -41‰ for all C-1 and C-3 because of the symmetry of glycerol.

关键词： Chemical Composition Cocoa Butter INEPT Isotopic Content

Sensitivity of Solar Photovoltaic Panel Efficiency to Weather and Dust over West Africa: Comparative Experimental Study between Niamey (Niger) and Abidjan (Côte d’Ivoire)

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Computational Water, Energy, and Environmental Engineering 2016年第4期5卷 123-147页

作者： Alima Dajuma Saleye Yahaya Siaka touré Arona Diedhiou Rabani Adamou Abdourahamane Konaré Mariama Sido Michel Golba WASCAL MRP Climate Change and Energy Université Abdou Moumouni Niamey Niger Centre National d’Energie Solaire CNES Niamey Niger Laboratoire d’Energie Solaire Université Félix Houphouet Boigny Abidjan Cote d’Ivoire LTHE-IRD Université Grenoble-Alpes Grenoble France Faculté des Sciences et Techniques Université Abdou Moumouni Niamey Niger Centre d’Excellence Africain en Changement Climatique Biodiversité et Agriculture Durable (CCBAD) Université Félix Houphouet Boigny Abidjan Cote d’Ivoire Energy and Semiconductor Research Laboratory Carl von Ossietzky University Oldenburg Oldenburg Germany

Energy demand is increasing while we are facing a depletion of fossils fuels, the main source of energy production in the world. These last years, photovoltaic (PV) system technologies are growing rapidly among alternative sources of energy to contribute to mitigation of climate change. However, PV system efficiency researches operating under West African weather conditions are nascent. The first objective of this study is to investigate the sensitivity of common monocrystalline PV efficiency to local meteorological parameters (temperature, humidity, solar radiation) in two contrasted cities over West Africa: Niamey (Niger) in a Sahelian arid area and Abidjan (Cote d’Ivoire) in atropical humid area. The second objective is to quantify the effect of dust accumulation on PV efficiency in Niamey (Niger). The preliminary results show that PV efficiency is more sensitive to high temperature change especially under Niamey climate conditions (warmer than Abidjan) where high ambient temperatures above 33°C lead to an important decrease of PV efficiency. Increase of relative humidity induces a decrease of PV efficiency in both areas (Niamey and Abidjan). A power loss up to 12.46% is observed in Niamey after 21 days of dust accumulation.

关键词： Solar Energy PV Efficiency Temperature Dust Humidity Niamey Abidjan

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黄山为盟浪漫情侣爱到地老天荒

度假旅游 2006年第2期 34-35页

作者：程映珍陈莹 yaya

2月14日,西方美丽的情人节。世界上千千万万的人们以自己特有的方式表达着深情蜜意,在美轮美奂的黄山,来自不同国度、不同地方的近百对挚爱的人们度过了生命中不同凡响的一天。黄山旅游发展股份有限公司市场营销中心和黄山旅游电子商务... 详细信息

2月14日,西方美丽的情人节。世界上千千万万的人们以自己特有的方式表达着深情蜜意,在美轮美奂的黄山,来自不同国度、不同地方的近百对挚爱的人们度过了生命中不同凡响的一天。黄山旅游发展股份有限公司市场营销中心和黄山旅游电子商务网联袂策划的“浪漫情侣山为盟”活动,尽管时间很短,但整个活动的安排节奏明快,充满情趣,让来自各地的情侣们在黄山的怀抱里谱写了爱的美妙旋律。吉林的一对年轻情侣

关键词：连理松

Epidemiological Aspects of Metastatic Relapse of Breast Cancer in an African Context

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Open Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology 2017年第5期7卷 552-561页

作者： Jean Marc Dia Corneille Saki Oyeladé Mouhideen Eric Bohoussou Moctar touré Gerard Okon Privat Guié Simplice Anongba Gynecology Department of the University and Hospital Center of Treichville (CHUT) Abidjan C&ocirc te d’Ivoire Cancerology Department of the University and Hospital Center of Treichville (CHUT) Abidjan C&ocirc te d’Ivoire

Objectives: This study aimed to describe the epidemiological characteristics of metastatic relapse in breast cancer at the University and Hospital Center of Treichville. Methodology: This is a cohort and retrospective study conducted from January 2000 to December 2015 on 178 patients with metastaticrelapse in breast cancer. Results: The prevalence of metastatic relapses was 49% and the patients had an average age of 53.4 years and among them, 91.6% received school education and 88.2% did not have a high socioeconomic level. The majority of initial tumors were in Stage III (47.8%), SBR III (47.2%), High Ki 67 (46.5%), Negative RH (79.3%), and HER2 negative (58%). Metastases were generally unique (62.9%), dominated by bone sites (36.6%), with an average occurrencedelay of 2.4 years. After the occurrence of metastases, the cumulative survival rate was 5% at 3 years, and nil at 5 years. Conclusion: Metastatic relapses were common with poor prognosis.

关键词： Breast Cancer Risk Factors Metastatic Relapses

Fracture of the Humeral Palette in Adult Patient: Therapeutic and Evolutive Aspect at Gabriel touré Hospital: About 35 Cases

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Surgical Science 2023年第4期14卷 271-276页

作者： Mahamadou Diallo Abdoul Kadri Moussa Kalifa Coulibaly Layes touré Mahamadou Dama Mamadou Bassirou Traoré Cheick Oumar Sanogo Terna Traoré Famakan Doumbia Mamadou Diallo Amadou Maiga Adégné Pierre Togo Tiéman Coulibaly Service d’Orthopédie-Traumatologie CHU Gabriel Touré Bamako Mali

Introduction: Fractures of the humeral pallet occur between the distal insertion of the anterior brachial muscle and the joint space of the elbow. It represents 2% of all elbow fractures. These lower humeral fractures present a therapeutic challenge to trauma. These fractures are in the majority of joint cases and can be accompanied by loss of substance, which makes their functional prognosis random despite the application of the main therapeutic principles: exact reduction with possible bone graft;stable osteosynthesis, usually allowing early rehabilitation. This work focused on identifying therapeutic aspects and assessing treatment outcomes. Material and Methods: This was a descriptive cross-sectional study of patients with a fracture of the humeral palette from January 2015 to December 2019 at the Orthopaedic Trauma Department CHU Gabriel touré Bamako. Results: We collected 35 cases of fractures of the humeral palette. The average age was 39.25 years with extremes of 22 and 74 years. The male gender predominated (71.4%) with a sex ratio of 2.5. Etiologies were dominated by falls with 19 cases (54.3%) and stroke with 13 cases (37.1%). The standard X-ray of the face and profile of the elbow was performed in all our patients. The most frequent types of anatomoradiology were supra condylar fractures type A in 16 cases (45.7%), supra and inter condylar fractures type C in 15 cases (42.9%);4 cases of uni condylar fractures type B (11.4%). Associated lesions were observed in 42.85%. Surgical treatment was performed in 80% of cases. Complications were dominated by elbow stiffness in 18 cases (51.42%), secondary displacement in 5 cases (14.28%), ossifications in 4 cases (11.42%). At an average decrease of 3.2 years our results were considered good in 45.7%. Conclusion: Fractures of the humeral palette are relatively common with associated lesions. The complexity of the fracture with associated lesions makes treatment difficult with unpredictable evolution.

关键词： Fracture Humeral Palette Anatomopathology Treatment Evolution Bamako Mali

Theoretical and Experimental Studies of a Box-Type Solar Cooker in Unfavorable Climatic Conditions

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Smart Grid and Renewable Energy 2020年第4期11卷 51-60页

作者： D. Soro Daouda Soro M. Sidibé Y. Doumbia S. touré B. Marí Département des Sciences et Technologie Ecole Normale Supérieure (ENS) d’Abidjan C&#244te d’Ivoire Universite Jean Lorougnon Guede (UJLOG) de Daloa C&#244te d’Ivoire Laboratoire d’Energie Solaire Université FHB D’Abidjan-Cocody D’Abidjan-Cocody C&#244te d’Ivoire Departament de Física Aplicada-IDF Universitat Politècnica de València Valencia Spain

A box-type solar cooker with an inclined surface, equipped with a concentration reflector to allow maximum energy to be collected, enabled cooking tests to be carried out in the rainy season. Different thermocouples were implanted on various places of the cooker. The temperature measurements from these sensors were taken every 10 minutes. The tests presented in this article relate to the preparation of eggs and rice. The absorber temperatures during the tests exceeded 100°C. The cooking times were between 1 h 50 min and 2 h 20 min despite the numerous cloudy periods. The cooker made it possible to reach sufficient temperatures for healthy cooking of food. The results obtained for these first tests are satisfactory and very encouraging.

关键词： Solar Radiation Box-Type Solar Cooker Energy Inclined Aperture Area

Isolated Right Pulmonary Agenesis in a 2-Month-Old Infant in the Pediatric Ward of Hospital of Mali

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Open Journal of Pediatrics 2020年第2期10卷 274-279页

作者： Bourama Kané Mody Abdoulaye Camara Seydou Togo Mohame Maba Traoré Boubacar Mami touré Moussa Abdoulaye Ouattara Department of Pediatrics of the Hospital of Mali Bamako Mali Medical Imaging Service of the Mali Hospital Bamako Mali Department of Thoracicsurgery of the Hospital of Mali Bamako Mali

Introduction: Pulmonary agenesis is a rare congenital abnormality defined by the absence of parenchyma, bronchi and pulmonary vessels, frequently associated with other malformations. We describe a case of isolated right pulmonary agenesis diagnosed in the pediatric ward of the Mali Hospital. Clinical case: He was a month-old baby boy, born at term by cesarean section of a well-followed pregnancy. He was not resuscitated. He developed dyspnea after a cold. An emergency chest X-ray revealed a right opaque lung. He was referred to the hospital for the exploration of this opacity. At the entrance, it weighed 3910 g, size: 54 cm and the temperature was 36.9°C. He had a polypnea, an intercostal print. The sounds of the heart were diverted to the right. The rest of the clinical examination was without much particularity. The chest CT scan confirmed the right pulmonary agenesis. Abdominal and cardiac ultrasound was normal. A healing includes oxygenotherapy, serum glucose 10% minding 100 ml/ Kg/day and amoxicillin minding 100 mg/ Kg/day at 3 times by oral way. After 24 hours of treatment, we observed an improvement in dyspnea. On D2,

关键词： Pulmonary Isolated Agenesis Pediatric Hospital of Mali

A REMARK ON FORMAL MODELS FOR NONLINEARLY ELASTIC MEMBRANE SHELLS

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Chinese Annals of Mathematics,Series B 2001年第3期22卷 307-324页

作者： C. COLLARD Laboratoire d’Analyse Numerique, tour n°55, Universite Pierre et Marie Curie, 4, place Jussieu, 75005 Paris, France. Laboratoire de Mathematiques Appliquees au Calcul Scientifique, Universite de Valenciennes et du Hainaut-Cambresis, Le Mont H Labiratoire d'Analyse Numérique Tour n°55 Université Pierre et Marie Curie 4 place Jussieu 75005 Paris France Laboratoire de Mathématiques Appliquées au Calcul Scientifique Université de Valenciennes et du Hainaut-Cambresis Le Mont Houy - B.P. 311 - F 59304 Valenciennes cedex France

This paper gives all the two-dimensional membrane models obtained from formal asymptotic analysis of the three-dimensional geometrically exact nonlinear model of a thin elastic shell made with a Saint Venant-Kirchhoff material. Therefore, the other models can be quoted as flexural nonlinear ones. The author also gives the formal equations solved by the associated stress tensor and points out that only one of those models leads, by linearization, to the "classical" linear limiting membrane model, whose justification has already been established by a convergence theorem.

关键词： Nonlinear elastic shell Convergence theorem Asymptotic analysis

Understanding the Local Carbon Fluxes Variations and Their Relationship to Climate Conditions in a Sub-Humid Savannah-Ecosystem during 2008-2015: Case of Lamto in Cote d’Ivoire

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Atmospheric and Climate Sciences 2020年第2期10卷 186-205页

作者： Dro touré Tiemoko Fidèle Yoroba Adama Diawara Kouakou Kouadio Benjamin Komenan Kouassi Assi Louis Martial Yapo Laboratory of Atmosphere Physic and Mechanic Fluids (LAPA-MF) University Felix Houphouet-Boigny UFR SSMT Abidjan Côte d’Ivoire Geophysical Station of Lamto (GSL) N’Douci Côte d’Ivoire

The temporal variations of the Gross Primary Productivity (GPP), the Total Ecosystem Respiration (TER) and the Net Ecosystem Exchange (NEE), and their responses to meteorological conditions (e.g. temperature, radiative flux and precipitation) at Lamto, in wet savannah region across C?te d’Ivoire are analyzed using GFED-CASA and daily meteorological data recorded over the 2008-2015 period. The study shows the links between these carbon fluxes and climate variability at Lamto that is subject to high anthropogenic pressures and seasonal bushfires. The correlative statistics from multiple regression methods were used to assess the different relationships and show how they change in time. The results show important seasonal variability in the Gross Primary Productivity and the Total Ecosystem Respiration mainly associated with the changes in temperature and radiative flux. In addition, the statistical analysis suggests a high correlation between meteorological conditions and the GPP and TER. These climatic conditions may explain 83% and 79% of the variances of GPP and TER respectively. Moreover, the interannual variability of the Net Ecosystem Exchange indicates that around Lamto, in the subhumid savannah, the ecosystem behaves as a carbon sink similar to other West African ecosystems. On the other hand, there is no clear link between the NEE and temperature, radiative flux and precipitation. This lack of connection may suggest a limited response of the NEE interannual dynamics related to the changes in climatic features.

关键词： Carbon Flux Ecosystem Subhumid Savannah Lamto Climatic Conditions Linear Models

Profile of the Blood Count among People Living with HIV Monitored at the Institute of Social Hygiene and the Aristide Le Dantec Hospital in Dakar

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Open Journal of Blood Diseases 2022年第4期12卷 133-141页

作者： Faye Cheikh Ibrahima Coly Mame Ngoné Makalou Demba Sène Abdoulaye Sall Abibatou touré Awa Oumar Ly Fatouamata Hematology Laboratory of the Aristide le Dantec Hospital Dakar Senegal Health Sciences Training and Research Unit Hematology Laboratory of the Ziguinchor Peace Hospital Assane Seck University of Ziguinchor Ziguinchor Senegal Training and Research Unit in Health Sciences Hematology Laboratory of the Sickle Cell Disease Control Center of Saint Louis Gaston Berger University of Saint Louis Dakar Senegal Pharmacy and Odontostomatology Faculty of Medicine Cheikh Anta Diop University of Dakar Dakar Senegal Dermatology Department of the Social Hygiene Institute of Dakar Dakar Senegal

Introduction: The human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is a pandemic of concern to the World Health Organization. It is all the more worrisome because if not properly managed, it can be responsible for several complications, including abnormal blood counts. These abnormalities may also be related to treatment. Objectives: The main objective of this study is to show that adequate antiretroviral therapy can correct various abnormalities exerted by HIV on patients’ blood counts. The specific objective is to determine all the abnormalities we can see in blood count before and during HIV treatment. Materials and Methods: Our study was conducted in the hematology laboratory and the dermatology departments of the Aristide Le Dantec Hospital and the Institute of Social Hygiene. It took place from December 2009 to October 2011. It is a retrospective descriptive and analytical study involving HIV-positive patients (HIV 1 and 2) and under antiretroviral treatment (at least six months of treatment). We included 110 patients in the study. Blood counts were performed at the hematology laboratory of the Aristide le Dantec hospital using a KX21 automaton. Each patient received three blood counts during the first six months of treatment (M0, M3 and M6). A univariate analysis was performed to determine the profile of the abnormalities of the blood count and the chi 2 test was used and a threshold of p 0.05 was considered significant. Results: The mean age of the patients was 38.6 ± 8.6 years (extremes of 18 and 64 years) with a sex ratio of 0.42 (77 females and 33 males). The prevalence of anemia was 80% (n = 88) at M0, 53, 63% at M3 (n = 59), and 38.20% at M6 (n = 42) (p = 0.02). We noted a favorable evolution with treatment. For the other abnormalities, the evolution was favorable for leukopenia (p = 0.011) and thrombocytopenia (p = 0.007). Conclusion: Our study showed a correction of blood count abnormalities in PLHIV with antiretroviral treatment.

关键词： Blood Count Abnormalities Antiretroviral Treatment PLHIV