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Experimental Investigation of the Stability of the Performance Characteristics of a Photovoltaic Module in the Face of Environmental and Meteorological Factors

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Open Journal of Applied Sciences 2024年第2期14卷 589-608页

作者： Adingra Paul Arsène Kouassi Siaka touré Diakaridja Traoré Laboratoire des Sciences de la Matière de l’Environnement et de l’Energie Solaire (LASMES) Unité de Formation et de Recherche des Sciences des Structures de la Matière et Technologie (UFR-SSMT) Université Félix Houphou&#235t Boigny Abidjan C&#244te d’Ivoire

The explosive technological improvement of photovoltaic systems as well as the necessity of populations to come to less expensive energy sources, that have led to an implosion at the level of solar panel manufacturers. This causes a large flow of these equipments to developing countries where the need is high, without any quality control. That conducted an experimental investigation on the performance characteristics of a 250 wp monocrystalline silicon photovoltaic module in other to check the verification and quality control. Most of these PV panels which often have missing informations are manufactured and tested in places that are inadequate for our environmental and meteorological conditions. Also, their influences on the stability of internal parameters were evaluated in order to optimize their performance. The results obtained at maximum illumination (1000 w/m2) confirmed those produced by the manufacturer. The analysis of these characteristics showed that the illumination and the temperature (meteorological factors) influenced at most the stability of the internal characteristics of the module in the sense that the maximum power increased very rapidly beyond 750 w/m2 but a degradation of performance was accentuated for a temperature of the solar cells exceeding 50°C. The degradation coefficients were evaluated at -0.0864 V/°C for the voltage and at -1.6248 w/°C for the power. The 10° inclination angle of the solar panel proved to be ideal for optimizing overall efficiency in practical situations.

关键词： Renewables Energies Instruments Internal Parameters of Photovoltaic Panel Monocrystalline Photovoltaic Panel Solar Energy Production Energy Intermittence

Land Use and Soil Texture Effects on Organic Carbon Change in Dryland Soils, Senegal

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Open Journal of Soil Science 2013年第6期3卷 253-262页

作者： Assize touré Emile Temgoua Claire Guenat Bo Elberling Centre de Suivi Ecologique (CSE) Dakar-Fann Sénégal Faculty of Agronomy and Agricultural Sciences University of Dschang Dschang Cameroon Institute of Geogra- phy Copenhagen Denmark. Swiss Federal Institute of Technology EPFL ENAC IIE ECOS Lausanne Switzerland

Soil organic carbon (SOC) losses due to poor soil management in dryland are now well documented. However, the influence of soil properties on organic carbon change is not well known. The groundnut plant (Arachis hypogaea L.), and the dominant crop system in the Senegal’s Soudanian zone, have been compared with semi-natural savanna. Leaves, stems and roots biomass were measured, and soil characteristics were analysed. The total leaves and stems biomass was 1.7 and 2.7 Mg ha-1 dry matter in groundnut fields and savanna respectively. Total SOC stocks were low (8 to 20 Mg C·ha-1 within upper 0.2 m depth, 20 to 64 Mg C·ha-1 within upper 1 m depth) and were significantly lower (P δ13C values show that SOC quality is transformed from the savanna plants (C4/C3 mixed-pools) to C3-pools in groundnut cultivated zone, with the organic matter signature more preserved in the clayey soils. This study confirms that converting woodland to groundnut fields provokes texture transformation and SOC loss. The results call for the extreme necessity to regenerate the wooded zone or encourage practices that favour SOC restitution.

关键词： δ13C Dryland Land Use Soil Organic Carbon Soil Texture

High thermal conductivity of suspended few-layer hexagonal boron nitride sheets

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Nano Research 2014年第8期7卷 1232-1240页

作者： Haiqing Zhou Jixin Zhu Zheng Liu Zheng Yan Xiujun Fan Jian Lin Gunuk Wang Qingyu Yan Ting Yu Pulickel M. Ajayan James M. tour Department of Chemistry Rice University 6100 Main Street Houston Texas 77005 USA Division of Physics and Applied Physics School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences Nanyang Technological University 537371 Singapore Department of Materials Science and NanoEngineering Rice University 6100 Main Street Houston Texas 77005 USA School of Materials Science and Engineering Nanyang Technological University Nanyang Avenue 639798 Singapore College of Electronic Information and Control Engineering Beijing University of Technology Beijing I00124 China The Smalley Institute for Nanoscale Science and Technology Rice University 6100 Main Street Houston Texas 77005 USA

The thermal conduction of suspended few-layer hexagonal boron nitride （h-BN） sheets was experimentally investigated using a noncontact micro-Raman spectroscopy method. The first-order temperature coefficients for monolayer （1L）, bilayer （2L） and nine-layer （9L） h-BN sheets were measured to be -（3.41 ± 0.12）× 10-2, -（3.15 ± 0.14） × 10-2 and -（3.78 ±0.16）× 10-2 cm-1.K-1, respectively. The room-temperature thermal conductivity of few-layer h-BN sheets was found to be in the range from 227 to 280 W.m-1-K-1, which is comparable to that of bulk h-BN, indicating their potential use as important components to solve heat dissipation problems in thermal management configurations.

关键词： two-dimensional hexagonal boron nitride(h-BN) thermal conductivity Raman spectroscopy

Response Surface Methodology as an Approach for Optimization of Vinegar Fermentation Conditions Using Three Different Thermotolerant Acetic Acid Bacteria

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Food and Nutrition Sciences 2023年第7期14卷 638-656页

作者： Mariama Ciré Kourouma Malick Mbengue Abdoulaye Thioye Coumba touré Kane Laboratoire de Microbiologie Appliquée et de Génie Industriel (MAGI) Ecole Supérieure Polytechnique (ESP) Université Cheikh-Anta-Diop Dakar Senegal Department of Molecular Biology Institute for Health Research Epidemiological Surveillance and Training (IRESSEF) Dakar Senegal

This study aimed to investigate optimal fermentation conditions of biological acetic acid fermentation for vinegar production. Optimization was performed on 3 acetic acid bacteria strains namely VMA1, VMA7 and VMAO using Response Surface Methodology (RSM). A Box-Behnken-Design (BBD) was achieved with three different independent process parameters involving: fermentation temperature, original alcohol concentration and original acetic acid concentration and one dependent variable (acetic acid yield). The results showed that the mathematical models describe correctly the relationship between responses and factors (F values of the models (p R2 (coefficient of correlation) respectively 0.96, 0.94, 0.98, and adjusted R2 0.95, 0.92, 0.98). The maximum acidity was obtained respectively at fermentation temperatures, original alcohol concentrations and original acetic acid concentrations ranging from [37.5°C - 45°C], [16% - 20% (v/v)], [1.5% - 2% (w/v)] for VMA1, [40°C - 45°C], [14.5% - 20% (v/v)], [1.7% - 2% (w/v)] for VMA7 and [42°C - 45°C], [17% - 20% (v/v)], [1.5% - 2% (w/v)] for VMAO. The use of these acetic strains in the production of vinegar may seriously lead to a decrease or even an ablation of the costs related to the cooling of bioreactors especially in warm and hot countries, in the context of global warming.

关键词： Vinegar Response Surface Methodology Box-Behnken-Design Optimization

Effect of Graphene Nanoribbons (TexasPEG) on locomotor function recovery in a rat model of lumbar spinal cord transection

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Neural Regeneration Research 2018年第8期13卷 1440-1446页

作者： C-Yoon Kim William K. A. Sikkema Jin Kim Jeong Ah Kim James Walter Raymond Dieter Hyung-Min Chung Andrea Mana James M. tour Sergio Canavero Department of Stem Cell Biology School of Medicine Konkuk University Seoul Korea Department of Laboratory Animal Medicine College of Veterinary Medicine Seoul National University Seoul Korea Department of Chemistry Department of Materials Science and NanoEngineering and The NanoCarbon Center Rice University Houston TXUSA Biomedical Omics Group Korea Basic Science Institute Cheongju-si Chungbuk Korea Research Service Hines Veterans Administration Hospital Hines IL USA HEAVEN/GEMINI International Collaborative Group Turin Italy

A sharply transected spinal cord has been shown to be fused under the accelerating influence of membrane fusogens such as polyethylene glycol （PEG）（GEMINI protocol）. Previous work provided evidence that this is in fact possible. Other fusogens might improve current results. In this study, we aimed to assess the effects of PEGylated graphene nanoribons （PEG-GNR, and called ＂TexasPEG＂ when prepared as lwt% dispersion in PEG600） versus placebo （saline） on locomotor function recovery and cellular level in a rat model of spinal cord transection at lumbar segment 1 （L1） level. In vivo and in vitro experiments （n -- 10 per experiment） were designed. In the in vivo experiment, all rats were submitted to full spinal cord transection at L1 level. Five weeks later, behavioral assessment was performed using the Basso Beattie Bresnahan （BBB） locomotor rating scale. Immunohistochemical staining with neuron marker neurofilament 200 （NF200） antibody and astrocyt- ic scar marker glial fibrillary acidic protein （GFAP） was also performed in the injured spinal cord. In the in vitro experiment, the effects of TexasPEG application for 72 hours on the neurite outgrowth of SH-SYSY cells were observed under the inverted microscope. Results of both in vivo and in vitro experiments suggest that TexasPEG reduces the formation of glial scars, promotes the regeneration of neurites, and thereby contributes to the recovery of locomotor function of a rat model of spinal cord transfection.

关键词： nerve regeneration spinal cord transfection spinal cord fusion GEMINI TexasPEG graphene nanoribbons

Thickness-dependent patterning of MoS2 sheets with well-oriented triangular pits by heating in air

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Nano Research 2013年第10期6卷 703-711页

作者： Haiqing Zhou Fang Yu Yuanyue Liu Xiaolong Zou Chunxiao Cong Caiyu Qiu Ting Yu Zheng Yan Xiaonan Shen Lianfeng Sun Boris I. Yakobson James M. tour Division of Physics and Applied Physics School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences Nanyang Technological University 637371Singapore Department of Chemistry Rice University 6100 Main Street Houston Texas 77005 USA The Smalley Institute for Nanoscale Science and Technology Rice University 6100 Main Street Houston Texas 77005 USA Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science Rice University 6100 Main Street Houston Texas 77005 USA National Center for Nanoscience and Technology Beijing 100190 China

Patterning ultrathin MoS2 layers with regular edges or controllable shapes is appealing since the properties of MoS2 sheets are sensitive to the edge structures. In this work, we have introduced a simple, effective and well-controlled technique to etch layered MoS2 sheets with well-oriented equilateral triangular pits by simply heating the samples in air. The anisotropic oxidative etching is greatly affected by the surrounding temperature and the number of MoS2 layers, whereby the pit sizes increase with the increase of surrounding temperature and the number of MoS2 layers. First-principles computations have been performed to explain the formation mechanism of the triangular pits. This technique offers an alternative avenue to engineering the structure of MoS2 sheets.

关键词： layered MoS2 oxidative etching thickness-dependent triangular pits

Dissection of the Common Femoral Artery at the Bamako Anatomy Laboratory

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Forensic Medicine and Anatomy Research 2019年第4期7卷 68-75页

作者： Babou Ba Abdoulaye Kanté Tata touré Moumouna Koné Ousmane Ibrahim touré Cheikh Tidiane Diallo Komlavi David Kouamenou Abdel-Latif Issa-touré Gaoussou Simpara Aboubacar Sidiki Fofana Mahamadou Daou Nouhoun Ongoiba Abdel Karim Koumare Laboratoire d’Anatomie Faculte de Medecine et d’Odontostomatologie de BamakoBamakoMali Service de Chirurgie B CHU du Point GBamakoMali

Objectives: The purpose of this work was to determine the dimensions of CFA before the birth of the deep thigh artery, describe the mode of termination of the CFA, search for CFA collaterals, and describe the anatomical variations of the CFA. Methodology: This was a prospective study conducted at the Anatomy Laboratory of the Faculty of Medicine and Odonto-Stomatology of Bamako. CFA arteries of 12 fresh corpses of adults include 9 men and 3 women. A total of 24 CFA arteries were dissected and photographed. Results: The mean length of CFA was 50.9 ± 12.55 mm (range: 31 and 93 mm). Its average diameter was 9.12 ± 1.17 mm (range: 7 and 12 mm). In 70.83%, the CFA artery ended without any particularity. There was 29.17% anatomic variation in the CFA termination mode. The CFA divided into 3 branches (trifurcation) in 25%. The 3 branches were in 20.83%, the FS and a common core to LFCA and AQ;in 4.17%, they were the SFA, the DFA and the MFCA. In 4.17%, it divided into 4 branches which are: the SFA, the DFA, the MFCA and a common core to QA and LFCA. The CFA gave as collateral: circumflex superficial iliac artery in 22 cases (91.67%), superficial epigastric artery in 19 cases (79.17%), upper external pudendal artery in 20 cases (83.33%), and lower external pudendal artery in 14 cases (58.33%). We noted in our series 9 anatomical variations at the collateral level of the CFA or 37.5%. The CFA gave birth to the following branches: the MFCA in 4 cases or 16.67%, the LFCA in 1 case or 4.17%, the QA in 1 case or 4.17%, and a common core to the QA and LFCA in 3 cases or 12.5%. Conclusion: The length of CFA is important. The variations of CFA are frequent and important to know in clinical and surgical practice.

关键词： Artery Femoral Anatomy Variations

The Importance of Uterine Tumors in the Day-to-Day Practice of the General Surgery Department of Ignace Deen National Hospital

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Open Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology 2024年第7期14卷 1003-1009页

作者： Mamadou Sakoba Barry Mariama Camara Aissatou Taran Diallo Aboubacar touré General Surgery Department Ignace Deen National Hospital/Conakry University Hospital Conakry Guinea Faculty of Health Sciences and Technology Gamal Abdel Nasser University of Conakry Conakry Guinea

Introduction: Uterine tumors are all abnormal cell proliferations developed at the expense of one or more tissue types, which may be located in any uterine segment and have anatomopathological characteristics of benignity or malignancy. The aim of this study was to report on the management of uterine tumors in the general surgery department of Ignace Deen Hospital in Conakry. Methodology: This was a retrospective study lasting five (5) years, from January 1, 2011 to December 31, 2015: All complete records of patients with the diagnosis of a uterine tumor managed in the department were included. Our results are presented in tables and figures. Results: 3200 patients underwent surgery. Among them, 82 cases concerned uterine tumors, i.e. 2% of the department’s overall activity. The average age of our patients was 38.5 years, with extremes of 18 and 59 years. The age group most affected was 41 - 50, with a rate of 39.02%. Housewives and married civil servants were the socio-professional strata most affected, with a predominance of married women. We estimated an increasing proportion of patients admitted to the department during the study period, proving that our study site plays a significant role in the management of uterine tumors. Conclusion: The management of uterine tumors is a major public health problem. Information, communication and education of all socio-professional groups seem necessary.

关键词： Uterine Tumors Management Conakry University Hospital

Physical and Thermo-Mechanical Properties of Composite Materials Based on Raw Earth and Crushed Palm Leaf Fibers (Borassus aethiopum)

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Materials Sciences and Applications 2024年第9期15卷 358-377页

作者： Mouhamadou Nabi Kane Mapathe Ndiaye Pape Moussa touré Adama Dione University College of Architecture of Dakar (CUAD) UFR SI University of Thies This Senegal Laboratory of Mechanics and Modeling UFR SI University of This This Senegal Laboratoire dEnergtique Applique (LEA) Cheikh Anta Diop University Dakar Senegal Institut of Earth Sciences (IST) Universit Cheikh Anta Diop (UCAD) Dakar Senegal

The objective of this study is to seek solutions to reduce the impact of buildings on climate change and to promote the use of local bio-sourced or geo-sourced materials for sustainable construction. Different samples of raw earth from 3 sites were taken in the commune of Mlomp. Geotechnical tests showed that the raw earth samples from sites 2 and 3 have more clay fraction while site 1 contains more sand. The fact of integrating fibers from crushed palm leaves (Borassus aethiopum) (2%, 4% and 6%) into the 3 raw earth samples reduced the mechanical resistance to compression and traction of the 3 raw earths. The experimental results of thermal tests on samples of earth mixtures with crushed Palma leaf fibers show a decrease in thermal conductivity as well as thermal effusivity as the percentages increase (2%, 4% and 6%) of fibers in raw earth for the 3 sites. This shows that this renewable composite material can help improve the thermal insulation of building envelopes.

关键词： Raw Earth Palma Leaf Fibers Ecological Composite Materials Physical Thermo-Mechanical Thermal Conductivity Thermal Effusivity