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Visualization and Measurement of Water Distribution in Through-Plane Direction of Polymer Electrolyte Fuel Cell during Start-Up by Using Neutron Radiography

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Journal of Flow Control, Measurement & Visualization 2015年第3期3卷 122-133页

作者： Hideki Murakawa Katsumi Sugimoto Nobuki Kitamura Hitoshi Asano Nobuyuki Takenaka yasushi saito Department of Mechanical Engineering Graduate School of Engineering Kobe University Kobe Japan Research Reactor Institute Kyoto University Osaka Japan

Water management in a polymer electrolyte fuel cell (PEFC) is a key topic for PEFC operation. A microporous layer (MPL) has been recently used to improve the water flooding in the gas diffusion layer (GDL) around the catalyst layer. However, the mechanisms of this MPL are not completely understood because of the difficulty of measuring the water distribution during operation. To clarify the water-accumulation phenomena with the MPL, visualization and measurement of the water distribution in the through-plane direction of a small fuel cell is carried out by using neutron radiography. The parallelism of the neutron flux is optimized by using a collimator to observe the transient change in the water distributions, and two-dimensional water distributions in the through-plane direction of the PEFC can be obtained every 60 s. The differences in the water accumulation processes in the GDL without and with the MPL under the lands and channels are compared. It is observed that the water accumulation in the GDL under the land is greater than that under the channel during the period of early PEFC operation. Water evacuation from the GDL to the channel mainly occurs around the land corners. Furthermore, one-dimensional water distributions are calculated from the visualized water distributions, and the results without and with the MPL in the cathode are compared. The water thickness in the through-plane direction attains its maximum value around the boundary between the catalyst layer and the GDL without the MPL, whereas it is attained between the MPL and the GDL with the MPL. The maximum water accumulation in the GDL under the land without the MPL is higher than that with the MPL.

关键词： PEFC Microporous Layer Water Distribution Neutron Radiography

Clinical features of gastroduodenal injury associated with long-term low-dose aspirin therapy

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2013年第11期19卷 1673-1682页

作者： Junichi Iwamoto Yoshifumi saito Akira Honda yasushi Matsuzaki Department of Gastroenterology Tokyo Medical UniversityIbaraki Medical CenterIbaraki 300-0395Japan

Low-dose aspirin(LDA) is clinically used for the prevention of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular events with the advent of an aging *** the other hand,a very low dose of aspirin(10 mg daily) decreases the gastric mucosal prostaglandin levels and causes significant gastric mucosal *** incidence of LDAinduced gastrointestinal mucosal injury and bleeding has *** has been noticed that the incidence of LDA-induced gastrointestinal hemorrhage has increased more than that of non-aspirin non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug(NSAID)-induced *** pathogenesis related to inhibition of cyclooxygenase(COX)-1 includes reduced mucosal flow,reduced mucus and bicarbonate secretion,and impaired platelet *** pathogenesis related to inhibition of COX-2 involves reduced angiogenesis and increased leukocyte *** pathogenic mechanisms related to direct epithelial damage are acid back diffusion and impaired platelet *** factors associated with an increased risk of upper gastrointestinal(GI) complications in subjects taking LDA are aspirin dose,history of ulcer or upper GI bleeding,age > 70 years,concomitant use of non-aspirin NSAIDs including COX-2-selective NSAIDs,and Helicobacter pylori(***) ***,no significant differences have been found between ulcer and non-ulcer groups in the frequency and severity of symptoms such as nausea,acid regurgitation,heartburn,and *** has been shown that the ratios of ulcers located in the body,fundus and cardia are significantly higher in bleeding patients than the ratio of gastroduodenal ulcers in patients taking *** pump inhibitors reduce the risk of developing gastric and duodenal *** contrast to NSAIDinduced gastrointestinal ulcers,a well-tolerated histamine H2-receptor antagonist is reportedly effective in prevention of LDA-induced gastrointestinal *** eradication of *** is equivalent to treatment with omeprazole in preventing recurrent b

关键词： Gastroduodenal ulcer Upper gastrointestinal bleeding Low-dose aspirin Non-steroidal antiinflammatory drugs

Molecular Cloning and Functional Characterization of Porcine MyD88 Essential for TLR Signaling

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Cellular & Molecular Immunology 2007年第5期4卷 369-376页

作者： Masanori Tohno Tomoyuki Shimazu Hisashi Aso yasushi Kawai Tadao saito Haruki Kitazawa Food Immunology Group Laboratory of Animal Products ChemistryGraduate School of Agricultural ScienceTohoku UniversityAobakuSendai 981-8555Japan Research Fellow of the Japan Society for the Promotion of Science Food Immunology Group Laboratory of Animal Products ChemistryGraduate School of Agricultural ScienceTohoku UniversityAobakuSendai 981-8555Japan Laboratory of Functional Morphology Graduate School of Agricultural ScienceTohoku UniversityAobakuSendai 981-8555Japan

We isolated cDNA encoding porcine MyD88 （poMyD88） from Peyer＇s patches （Pps） of GALT. The complete open reading frame （ORF） of poMyD88 contains 879 bp encoding a deduced 293 aa residues. The amino acid sequence of poMyD88 was characterized by N-terminal death, intermediate and C-terminal Toll/IL-1 receptor （TIR） domains. The putative poMyD88 protein shares a higher level of homology with its human （87.2% amino acid identity） than with its mouse （77.4% amino acid identity） counterpart. Overexpression of poMyD88 participated in the further enhanced activation of NF-w.B in human embryonic kidney （HEK） 293 cells expressing porcine TLR2 and porcine TLR4/MD-2, but not porcine RP105/MD-1 after stimulation with the corresponding ligands. The expression levels of MyD88 were highest in the spleen and mesenteric lymph nodes （MLNs）, and lower in digestive tissues of newborn swine. In adult swine, the expression levels in the digestive tissues were lower than those in MLNs and the spleen. These results suggest that an MyD88-dependent signaling pathway is present in newborn as well as in adult swine and that it is involved in the innate immune system of these animals.

关键词： MyD88 TLR2 TLR4/MD-2 RP105/MD-1 cDNA cloning swine

Alpha-fetoprotein-producing colon cancer with atypical bulky lymph node metastasis

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2006年第47期12卷 7715-7716页

作者： Kuangi Fu Akihiro Kobayashi Norio saito yasushi Sano Shigeharu Kato Hiroaki Ikematsu Takahiro Fujimori yasushi Kaji Shigeaki Yoshida Department of Radiology Dokkyo University School of Medicine 880 Kitakobaysashi Mibu Shimotuga Tochigi 321-0293 Japan Department of Gastrointestinal Oncology and Digestive Endoscopy National Cancer Center Hospital East Kashiwa Chiba 277-8577 Japan Department of Surgery National Cancer Center Hospital East Kashiwa Chiba 277-8577 Japan Department of Gastrointestinal Oncology and Digestive Endoscopy National Cancer Center Hospital East Kashiwa Chiba 277-8577 Japan Department of Surgical and Molecular Pathology Dokkyo University School of Medicine 880 Kitakobaysashi Mibu Shimotuga Tochigi 321-0293 Japan Department of Radiology Dokkyo University School of Medicine 880 Kitakobaysashi Mibu Shimotuga Tochigi 321-0293 Japan

Alpha-fetoprotein (AFP)-producing colorectal cancer is extremely rarely reported until now. All of the reported cases harboring synchronous hematogenous spread including liver and/or lung metastasis had a poor prognosis and died within 12 mo. We here describe a 71-year old man with AFP-producing colon cancer who presented with an unusual bulky lymph node metastasis instead of hematogenous spread. He underwent adjuvant chemotherapy in addition to curative surgical resection, which prolonged his survival.

关键词： Alpha-fetoprotein Colon cancer Bulky lymph node metastasis Computed tomography Colonoscopy

Biomarkers for the early diagnosis of hepatocellular carcinoma

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2015年第37期21卷 10573-10583页

作者： Nobuhiro Tsuchiya Yu Sawada Itaru Endo Keigo saito yasushi Uemura Tetsuya Nakatsura Department of Gastroenterological Surgery Graduate School of MedicineYokohama City University Division of Cancer Immunotherapy Exploratory Oncology Research and Clinical Trial Center National Cancer Center

Hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC) is the fifth most common cancer and the second leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide. Although the prognosis of patients with HCC is generally poor, the5-year survival rate is > 70% if patients are diagnosed at an early stage. However, early diagnosis of HCC is complicated by the coexistence of inflammation and cirrhosis. Thus, novel biomarkers for the early diagnosis of HCC are required. Currently, the diagnosis of HCC without pathological correlation is achieved by analyzing serum α.fetoprotein levels combined with imaging techniques. Advances in genomics and proteomics platforms and biomarker assay techniques over the last decade have resulted in the identification of numerous novel biomarkers and have improved the diagnosis of HCC. The most promising biomarkers,such as glypican-3, osteopontin, Golgi protein-73 and nucleic acids including microRNAs, are most likely to become clinically validated in the near future. These biomarkers are not only useful for early diagnosis of HCC, but also provide insight into the mechanisms driving oncogenesis. In addition, such molecular insight creates the basis for the development of potentially more effective treatment strategies. In this article,we provide an overview of the biomarkers that are currently used for the early diagnosis of HCC.

关键词： α-fetoprotein α-fetoprotein-L3 Biomarker Des-γ-car

Primary signet-ring cell carcinoma of the colon at early stage: A case report and a review of the literature

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2006年第21期12卷 3446-3449页

作者： Kuang-I Fu yasushi Sano Shigeharu Kato Hiroki saito Atsushi Ochiai Takahiro Fujimori Yutaka saito Takahisa Matsuda Takahiro Fujii Shigeaki Yoshida Division of Gastrointestinal Oncology and Digestive Endoscopy National Cancer Center Hospital East KashiwaChiba 277-8577Japan Department of Surgical and Molecular PathologyDokkyo University School of Medicine880 KitakobaysashiMibuShimotugaTochigi 321-0293Japan Division of Gastrointestinal Oncology and Digestive Endoscopy National Cancer Center Hospital East KashiwaChiba 277-8577Japan Division of Pathology National Cancer Center East Research Institute Chiba 277-8577Japan Department of Surgical and Molecular Pathology Dokkyo University School of Medicine 880 KitakobaysashiMibuShimotugaTochigi 321-0293Japan Division of Endoscopy National Cancer Center Hospital TsukijiTokyo 104-0045Japan

A 67-year-old man, who had undergone surgery to resect multiple gastric cancers 4 years ago, visited our hospital for surveillance colonoscopy. Colonoscopy revealed a discolored, 7-mm in diameter, flat-elevated lesion with central depression in the transverse colon near the splenic flexure. Although the findings of endoscopy and barium enema were suggestive of submucosal invasion, the patient chose to undergo endoscopic mucosal resection. Pathological examination of the resected specimen revealed signet-ring cell carcinoma and a positive surgical margin. A second operation was performed, and no residual tumor or metastasis to lymph nodes was found in the resected specimens. Primary colorectal cancers composed of signet-ring cell carcinoma detected and treated at an early stage are extremely rare. We present a case and review the literature.

关键词： Signet-ring cell carcinoma Early colorectal cancer Endoscopic mucosal resection

Small-bowel mucosal injuries in low-dose aspirin users with obscure gastrointestinal bleeding

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2014年第36期20卷 13133-13138页

作者： Junichi Iwamoto Yuji Mizokami Yoshifumi saito Koichi Shimokobe Akira Honda Tadashi Ikegami yasushi Matsuzaki Department of Gastroenterology Tokyo Medical University Ibaraki Medical Center Ibaraki 300-0395 Japan Department of Gastroenterology University of Tsukuba Ibaraki 305-8576 Japan

AIM: To investigate the clinical differences between small intestinal injuries in low-dose aspirin (LDA) users and in non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) users who were examined by capsule endoscopy (CE) for ... 详细信息

关键词： Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs Low-dose aspirin Small-bowel mucosal injuries Obscure gastrointestinal bleeding Capsule endoscopy

Magnifying colonoscopy as a non-biopsy technique for differential diagnosis of non-neoplastic and neoplastic lesions

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2006年第9期12卷 1416-1420页

作者： Shigeharu Kato Kuang I Fu yasushi Sano Takahiro Fujii Yutaka saito Takahisa Matsuda Ikuro Koba Shigeaki Yoshida Takahiro Fujimori Division of Gastrointestinal Oncology and Digestive Endoscopy National Cancer Center Hospital East KashiwaChiba 277-8577Japan Division of Gastrointestinal Oncology and Digestive Endoscopy National Cancer Center Hospital East KashiwaChiba 277-8577Japan Department of Surgical and Molecular PathologyDokkyo University School of Medicine880 KitakobaysashiMibuShimotugaTochigi 321-0293Japan Division of Endoscopy National Cancer Center Hospital TsukijiTokyo 104-0045Japan Department of Surgical and Molecular Pathology Dokkyo University School of Medicine 880 KitakobaysashiMibuShimotugaTochigi 321-0293Japan

AIM： To clarify whether mucosal crypt patterns observed with magnifying colonoscopy are feasible to distinguish non-neoplastic polyps from neoplastic polyps. METHODS： From June 1999 through March 2000, 180 consecutive patients with 210 lesions diagnosed with a magnifying colonoscope （CF-200Z, Olympus Optical Co., Ltd., Tokyo, Japan） were enrolled. Magnification and chromoendoscopy with 0.2% indigo-carmine dye was applied to each lesion for mucosal crypt observation. Lesions showing types Ⅰ and Ⅱ crypt patterns were considered non-neoplastic and examined histologically by biopsy, whereas lesions showing types Ⅲ to Ⅴ crypt patterns were removed endoscopically or surgically. The correlation of endoscopic diagnosis and histologic diagnosis was then investigated. RESULTS： At endoscopy, 24 lesions showed a type Ⅰ or Ⅱ pit pattern, and 186 lesions showed type Ⅲ to Ⅴ pit patterns. With histologic examination, 26 lesions were diagnosed as non-neoplastic polyps, and 184 lesions were diagnosed as neoplastic polyps. The overall diagnostic accuracy was 99.1% （208/210）. The sensitivity and specificity were 92.3% （24/26） and 99.8% （184/186）, respectively. CONCLUSION： Magnifying colonoscopy could be used as a non-biopsy technique for differentiating neoplastic and non-neoplastic polyps.

关键词： Non-biopsy technique Magnifying colonoscopy Indigo-carmine dye spraying Pit Pattern

A case of obstructive azoospermia secondary to genitourinary tract infection caused by a prostatic utricle cyst

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2022年第5期24卷 558-559页

作者： Tomoki saito Mitsuru Komeya Kimitsugu Usui Shinnosuke Kuroda Teppei Takeshima Kunitomo Takashima Mario Ikeda Yoshihito Kondo yasushi Yumura Department of Urology Yokohama City University Medical Center4-57 Urafune-choMinami-kuYokohama CityKanagawa 232-0024Japan Department of Urology Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine3-9 FukuuraKanazawa-kuYokohama CityKanagawa 236-0004Japan Ebina Ladies Clinic 3-3-1 ChuoEbina CityKanagawa 243-0432Japan

Dear Editor,Obstructive azoospermia(OA)is defined as the absence of spermatozoa in the sediment of a centrifuged sample of ejaculate and is usually caused by an obstruction anywhere along the posttesticular *** is diagnosed in 20%–40%of men with *** OA may be acquired congenitally,such as in Young’s syndrome that presents with bilateral vas deferens abnormalities,it commonly develops as a sequela of prostatic and ejaculatory duct cysts,childhood inguinal hernias,epididymitis,and vasectomy.

关键词： prostatic azoospermia urinary