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Computer-aided differential diagnosis system for Alzheimer’s disease based on machine learning with functional and morphological image features in magnetic resonance imaging

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Journal of Biomedical Science and Engineering 2013年第11期6卷 1090-1098页

作者： yasuo yamashita Hidetaka Arimura Takashi Yoshiura Chiaki Tokunaga Ohara Tomoyuki Koji Kobayashi Yasuhiko Nakamura Nobuyoshi Ohya Hiroshi Honda Fukai Toyofuku Department of Clinical Radiology Graduate School of Medical Sciences Kyushu University Fukuoka Japan Department of Neuropsychiatry Graduate School of Medical Sciences Kyushu University Fukuoka Japan Division of Radiology Department of Medical Technology Kyusyu University Hospital Fukuoka Japan Faculty of Medical Science Kyushu University Fukuoka Japan Graduate School of Medical Science Kyushu University Fukuoka Japan Division of Radiology Department of Medical Technology Kyusyu University Hospital Fukuoka Japan

Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a dementing disorder and one of the major public health problems in countries with greater longevity. The cerebral cortical thickness and cerebral blood flow (CBF), which are considered as morphological and functional image features, respectively, could be decreased in specific cerebral regions of patients with dementia of Alzheimer type. Therefore, the aim of this study was to develop a computer-aided classification system for AD patients based on machine learning with the morphological and functional image features derived from a magnetic resonance (MR) imaging system. The cortical thicknesses in ten cerebral regions were derived as morphological features by using gradient vector trajectories in fuzzy membership images. Functional CBF maps were measured with an arterial spin labeling technique, and ten regional CBF values were obtained by registration between the CBF map and Talairach atlas using an affine transformation and a free form deformation. We applied two systems based on an arterial neural network (ANN) and a support vector machine (SVM), which were trained with 4 morphological and 6 functional image features, to 15 AD patients and 15 clinically normal (CN) subjects for classification of AD. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) values for the two systems based on the ANN and SVM with both image?features were 0.901 and 0.915, respectively. The AUC values for the ANN-and SVM-based systems with the morphological features were 0.710 and 0.660, respectively, and those with the functional features were 0.878 and 0.903, respectively. Our preliminary results suggest that the proposed method may have potential for assisting radiologists in the differential diagnosis of AD patients by using morphological and functional image features.

关键词： Computer-aided Classification (CAD) Alzheimer’s Disease Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) Arterial Spin Labeling (ASL) Fuzzy Membership Image Cortical Thickness Cerebral Blood Flow (CBF)

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Automated measurement of three-dimensional cerebral cortical thickness in Alzheimer’s patients using localized gradient vector trajectory in fuzzy membership maps

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Journal of Biomedical Science and Engineering 2013年第3期6卷 327-336页

作者： Chiaki Tokunaga Hidetaka Arimura Takashi Yoshiura Tomoyuki Ohara yasuo yamashita Kouji Kobayashi Taiki Magome Yasuhiko Nakamura Hiroshi Honda Hideki Hirata Masafumi Ohki Fukai Toyofuku Department of Clinical Radiology Graduate School of Medical Sciences Kyushu University Fukuoka Japan Department of Health Sciences Faculty of Medical Sciences Kyushu University Fukuoka Japan Department of Health Sciences Graduate School of Medical Sciences Kyushu University Fukuoka Japan Department of Neuropsychiatry Graduate School of Medical Sciences Kyushu University Fukuoka Japan Division of Radiology Department of Medical Technology Kyushu University Hospital Fukuoka Japan

Our purpose in this study was to develop an automated method for measuring three-dimensional (3D) cerebral cortical thicknesses in patients with Alzheimer’s disease (AD) using magnetic resonance (MR) images. Our proposed method consists of mainly three steps. First, a brain parenchymal region was segmented based on brain model matching. Second, a 3D fuzzy membership map for a cerebral cortical region was created by applying a fuzzy c-means (FCM) clustering algorithm to T1-weighted MR images. Third, cerebral cortical thickness was three- dimensionally measured on each cortical surface voxel by using a localized gradient vector trajectory in a fuzzy membership map. Spherical models with 3 mm artificial cortical regions, which were produced using three noise levels of 2%, 5%, and 10%, were employed to evaluate the proposed method. We also applied the proposed method to T1-weighted images obtained from 20 cases, i.e., 10 clinically diagnosed AD cases and 10 clinically normal (CN) subjects. The thicknesses of the 3 mm artificial cortical regions for spherical models with noise levels of 2%, 5%, and 10% were measured by the proposed method as 2.953 ± 0.342, 2.953 ± 0.342 and 2.952 ± 0.343 mm, respectively. Thus the mean thicknesses for the entire cerebral lobar region were 3.1 ± 0.4 mm for AD patients and 3.3 ± 0.4 mm for CN subjects, respectively (p < 0.05). The proposed method could be feasible for measuring the 3D cerebral cortical thickness on individual cortical surface voxels as an atrophy feature in AD.

关键词： Alzheimer’s Disease (AD) Fuzzy C-Means Clustering (FCM) Three-Dimensional Cerebral Cortical Thickness Localized Gradient Vector

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Metabolomics in liver diseases: A novel alternative for liver biopsy?

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World Journal of Hepatology 2024年第1期16卷 12-16页

作者： yasuo Tanaka Department of Gastroenterology National Center for Global Health and MedicineTokyo 162-8655Japan

Hepatitis C virus(HCV)remains a significant public health problem as it can cause acute and chronic hepatitis.Chronic HCV infection is a major cause of liver fibrosis,and evaluation of liver fibrosis is essential because the prognosis of patients with chronic HCV infection is closely related to the stage of fibrosis.Liver fibrosis is traditionally evaluated based on pathological analysis of biopsy specimens,which is considered the gold standard.Nevertheless,liver biopsy is invasive and susceptible to sampling error and inter-and intraobserver variation in pathological interpretation;it is also costly.Therefore,noninvasive diagnostic investigations have been developed,including the use of fibrotic markers,scoring systems based on routine blood tests,and transient elastography with magnetic resonance imaging or ultrasonography.Recently,metabolomics,an emerging technology,has been used to detect the fibrosis stage.In this editorial,I comment on the article titled“Metabolomics in chronic hepatitis C:Decoding fibrosis grading and underlying pathways”by Ferrasi et al published in the recent issue of the World Journal of Hepatology.I discuss previous studies on the use of metabolome analysis for the diagnosis of HCV-related liver fibrosis and the potential development of biopsy-free diagnostic techniques.

关键词： Metabolomics Hepatitis C virus Liver fibrosis Liver cirrhosis Serum biomarker

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使用蒙特卡罗模型分析^111In对^90Y韧致辐射SPECT显像的影响

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中华核医学与分子影像杂志 2017年第8期37卷 522-522页

作者：唐军 Hiroaki Shiba Akihiko Takahashi Shingo Baba Kazuhiko Himuro yasuo yamashita Masayuki Sasaki 苏州大学附属第二医院核医学科 215004 Division of Medical Quantum Science Department of Health Sciences Graduate School of Medical Sciences Kyushu University Fukuoka Japan

【摘要】目的用于治疗恶性淋巴瘤的^90Y-替伊莫单克隆抗体（^90Y—Zevalin，^90Y-泽娃灵）由于^90Y衰变放出的β粒子具有韧致辐射，故可用于SPECT显像。但使用如Y-泽娃灵前，会行^111In-泽娃灵显像以判断是否为^90Y-泽娃灵治疗的适应证... 详细信息

【摘要】目的用于治疗恶性淋巴瘤的^90Y-替伊莫单克隆抗体（^90Y—Zevalin，^90Y-泽娃灵）由于^90Y衰变放出的β粒子具有韧致辐射，故可用于SPECT显像。但使用如Y-泽娃灵前，会行^111In-泽娃灵显像以判断是否为^90Y-泽娃灵治疗的适应证，而^111In-泽娃灵发出的γ射线会干扰^90Y的韧致辐射显像。

关键词： ^90Y ^111In 单光子发射计算机断层(SPECT) 蒙特卡罗模型替伊莫单克隆抗体

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Thermally activated delayed fluorescence carbazole-triazine dendrimer with bulky substituents

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Aggregate 2024年第1期5卷 236-243页

作者： Hiroki Ikebe Kohei Nakao Eri Hisamura Minori Furukori yasuo Nakayama Takuya Hosokai Minlang Yang Guanting Liu Takuma Yasuda Ken Albrecht Interdisciplinary Graduate School of Engineering Sciences Kyushu UniversityFukuokaJapan Institute for Materials Chemistry and Engineering Kyushu UniversityKasugaJapan Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry Graduate School of Science and TechnologyTokyo University of ScienceNodaChibaJapan National Metrology Institute of Japan(NMIJ) National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology(AIST)TsukubaIbarakiJapan Institute for Advanced Study Kyushu UniversityNishi-kuFukuokaJapan

Carbazole-triazine dendrimers with a bulky terminal substituent were synthesized,and the thermally activated delayed fluorescence(TADF)property was investigated.Compared to unsubstituted carbazole dendrimers,dendrimers with bulky terminal substituents showed comparable to better photoluminescence quantum yields(PLQY)in neat films.Phenylfluorene(PF)-substituted dendrimers showed the highest PLQY of 81%,a smallΔEst of 0.06 eV,and the fastest reverse intersystem crossing(RISC)rate of∼1×10^(5 )s^(−1) compared to other dendrimers.Phosphorescence measurements of dendrimers and dendrons(fragments)indicate that the close proximity of the triplet energy of phenylfluorene-substituted carbazole dendrons(^(3)LE)to that of phenylfluorene-substituted dendrimers(^(1)CT,^(3)CT)contributes to RISC promotion and improves TADF efficiency.Terminal modification fine-tunes the energy level and suppresses intermolecular interactions,and this study provides a guideline for designing efficient solution-processable and non-doped TADF materials.

关键词： dendrimer OLED TADF 1 INTRODUCTION Thermally activated delayed fluorescence(TADF)materials which are inexpensive and highly efficient alternatives to fluorescent

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Equations of state of iron and nickel to the pressure at the center of the Earth

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Matter and Radiation at Extremes 2022年第3期7卷 54-61页

作者： Naohisa Hirao Yuichi Akahama yasuo Ohishi Japan Synchrotron Radiation Research Institute(JASRI) SayoSayo-gunHyogo 679-5198Japan Graduate School of Material Science University of HyogoKoutoKamigohriHyogo 678-1297Japan

Synchrotron radiation x-ray diffraction investigations of iron(Fe)and nickel(Ni)are conducted at pressures up to 354 and 368 GPa,respectively,and the equations of state(EOSs)at 298 K for the two elements are obtained for data extending to pressures as high as those at the center of the Earth,using the latest Pt-EOS pressure scale.From a least-squares fit to the Vinet equation using the observed pressure–volume data,the isothermal bulk modulus K0 and its pressure derivative K′0 are estimated to be 159.27(99)GPa and 5.86(4)for hcp-Fe,and 173.5(1.4)GPa and 5.55(5)for Ni.By comparing the present EOSs and extrapolated EOSs reported in the literature for Fe and Ni,the volumes of Fe and Ni at 365 GPa are found to be 2.3%and 1.5%larger than those estimated from extrapolated EOSs in previous studies,respectively.It is concluded that these discrepancies are due to the pressure scale.The present results suggest that the densities of Fe and Ni at a pressure of 365 GPa corresponding to the center of the Earth are 2.3%and 1.5%,respectively,lower than previously thought.

关键词： nickel center state

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Characterizing human driver characteristics using an artificial neural network and a theoretical model

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Control Theory and Technology 2022年第2期20卷 263-278页

作者： Sangmyoeng Kim Takeshi Miyamoto Tatsuya Kuboyama yasuo Moriyoshi Graduate School of Engineering Chiba University.1-33 Yayoicho InagekuChiba 2638522Japan

Human drivers seem to have different characteristics,so different drivers often yield different results from the same driving mode tests with identical vehicles and same chassis dynamometer.However,drivers with different experiences often yield similar results under the same driving conditions.If the features of human drivers are known,the control inputs to each driver,including warnings,will be customized to optimize each man–machine vehicle system.Therefore,it is crucial to determine how to characterize human drivers quantitatively.This study proposes a method to estimate the parameters of a theoretical model of human drivers.The method uses an artificial neural network(ANN)model and a numerical procedure to interpret the identified ANN models theoretically.Our approach involves the following process.First,we specify each ANN driver model through chassis dynamometer tests performed by each human driver and vehicle.Subsequently,we obtain the parameters of a theoretical driver model using the ANN model for the corresponding driver.Specifically,we simulate the driver’s behaviors using the identified ANN models with controlled inputs.Finally,we estimate the theoretical driver model parameters using the numerical simulation results.A proportional-integral-differential(PID)control model is used as the theoretical model.The results of the parameter estimation indicate that the PID driver model parameter combination can characterize human drivers.Moreover,the results suggest that vehicular factors influence the parameter combinations of human drivers.

关键词： Neural network Identification Driver model Chassis dynamometer Driver characteristics

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Sunitinib-induced hyperammonemic encephalopathy in metastatic gastrointestinal stromal tumors:A case report

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2023年第31期11卷 7629-7634页

作者： Takaoki Hayakawa Shinsuke Funakoshi yasuo Hamamoto Kenro Hirata Takanori Kanai Department of Internal Medicine Division of Gastroenterology and HepatologyKeio University School of MedicineShinjuku-ku 160-8582TokyoJapan Division of Medical Oncology Department of Internal MedicineTokyo Saiseikai Central HospitalMinato-ku 108-0073TokyoJapan Keio Cancer Center Keio University School of MedicineShinjuku-ku 160-8582TokyoJapan Department of Internal Medicine Keio University School of MedicineShinjuku-ku 160-8582TokyoJapan

BACKGROUND Sunitinib,a multi-targeted tyrosine kinase inhibitor(TKI),has been approved for the salvage treatment of gastrointestinal stromal tumors(GIST).Hyperammonemic encephalopathy is a rare but severe complication of sunitinib use.Here,we present the case of a 66-year-old male with metastatic GIST without underlying liver cirrhosis who developed sunitinib-induced hyperammonemic encephalopathy.CASE SUMMARY A 66-year-old male with metastatic GIST was admitted because of reduced consciousness.Imatinib was administered as the first-line systemic therapy.He experienced repeated episodes of peritonitis due to tumor perforation,and surgery was performed.Progressive disease was confirmed based on increased liver metastasis,and sunitinib was initiated as a salvage treatment.However,23 d after the third course of sunitinib,he presented to the emergency room with an episode of altered consciousness and behavioral changes.Based on the patient clinical history and examination findings,sunitinib-induced encephalopathy was suspected.Sunitinib was discontinued,and the patient was treated for hyperammonemia.The patient had a normal level of consciousness four days later,and the serum ammonia level gradually decreased.No further neurological symptoms were reported in subsequent follow-ups.CONCLUSION TKI-induced hyperammonemic encephalopathy is potentially life-threatening.Patients receiving TKIs experiencing adverse reactions should undergo systemic evaluation and prompt treatment.

关键词： Tyrosine protein kinase inhibitors Sunitinib malate Hyperammonemic encephalopathy Gastrointestinal stromal tumors Case report

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One-year outcomes and predictable factors for microhook ab interno trabeculotomy

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International Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition) 2022年第4期15卷 598-603页

作者： Daiki Sakai Masashi Fujihara Satoshi Yokota Makoto Nakamura yasuo Kurimoto Department of Ophthalmology Kobe City Eye HospitalKobe 650-0047Japan Department of Ophthalmology Kobe City Medical Center General HospitalKobe 650-0047Japan Department of Surgery Division of OphthalmologyKobe University Graduate School of MedicineKobe 650-0017Japan

AIM: To investigate the one-year outcomes and factors that influence the results of microhook ab interno trabeculotomy(μLOT). METHODS: The medical records of consecutive patients with open angle glaucoma who underwent μLOT(including combination of μLOT and cataract surgery) between Februar y 2018 and July 2019 were retrospectively reviewed. Surgical success was defined as the following: an intraocular pressure(IOP)≤21 mm Hg or IOP≤preoperative IOP with a reduced number of glaucoma eye drops, without additional glaucoma surgery, and assessed using KaplanMeier survival analysis. A multivariate Cox proportionalhazards regression model was used to investigate the factors associated with surgical failure.RESULTS: The 59 eyes of 59 patients comprising 28 eyes with primary open angle glaucoma(POAG) and 31 with secondary open angle glaucoma(SOAG) were included. The mean IOP and number of glaucoma eye drops significantly decreased from 25.3±7.2 mm Hg and 3.9±1.1, preoperatively to 16.1±4.4 mm Hg(P25 mm Hg within 2 wk post-surgery;P<0.001, a HR: 5.382, 95%CI:2.113-13.707) as independent factors associated with surgical failure.CONCLUSION: The μLOT is a good treatment option for POAG eyes. However, the postoperative course should be carefully followed in cases with postoperative IOP spike.

关键词： microhook ab interno trabeculotomy trabeculotomy ab interno minimally invasive glaucoma surgery survival analysis

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Numerical investigation on arching effect surrounding deep cylindrical shaft during excavation process

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Underground Space 2022年第5期7卷 944-965页

作者： Tanawat Tangjarusritaratorn Yuusuke Miyazaki yasuo Sawamura Kiyoshi Kishida Makoto Kimura Dept.of Urban Management Kyoto Univ.Katsura CampusKyoto 615-8540Japan Dept.of Civil and Earth Resources Engineering Kyoto Univ.Katsura CampusKyoto 615-8540Japan

Predicting the inner displacements of deep vertical shafts during the excavation process has been a difficult task considering the geological,structural,and constructional influences.In fact,the two-dimensional(2D)analytical solution based on the retaining wall model remains insufficient for understanding the actual behavior during an excavation.This is because the deformation of vertical shafts becomes complicated due to the unexpected arching effect brought about by the three-dimensional(3D)flexible displacements occurring in the excavation process.Previous analytical solutions only considered the limit equilibrium.Therefore,the present study deals with a 3D soil-structure simulation by considering the displacements of a cylindrical shaft and the mechanical behavior of the surrounding soil as well as the geometry of the cylindrical structure.Moreover,this mechanical behaviors of the surrounding soil and shaft are controlled by the shaft stiffness;hence,the relationships among the shaft stiffness,mechanical behavior of the surrounding soil(in terms of earth pressure coefficient),and shaft displacement were investigated.A cylindrical model,120 m in depth and 20 m in diameter,was positioned at the center of a sand domain,and each excavation step was performed at an interval depth of 20 m.A 3D finite difference method analysis was applied using the modified Cam-Clay(MCC)model to represent the soil behavior.As a result,the present study provides a new normalized lateral earth pressure theory for excavated shafts by considering the 3D arching effect obtained from parametric studies using various levels of shaft stiffness.From a comparison with the analytical solutions of previous studies(Terzaghi,1943a;Prater,1977;Cheng&Hu,2005),it is found that the previous studies underestimated the earth pressure acting on the cylindrical shaft because they did not consider the accurate arching effect.

关键词： Deep cylindrical shaft Excavation analysis Soil mixing wall method Arching effect Finite different method Three-dimensional analysis

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