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Functional performance levels of strength and power needed for independence in 80-year-old individuals

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Open Journal of Epidemiology 2012年第3期2卷 61-69页

作者： Mieko Shimada Yoshiaki Nomura yasuo kimura Naoki Nakagawa Hiroshi Nagayama Mitsumasa Tazawa Tamotsu Sato Daisuke Inaba Masami Yonemitsu Yutaka Yoshitake 9Department for Interdisciplinary Studies of Lifelong Sport and Physical Activity National Institute of Fitness & Sports in Kanoya Kagoshima Japan Department of Oral Medicine Division of Preventive Dentistry Iwate Medical University Iwate Japan Faculty of culture and education Saga University Saga Japan Faculty of Health Care Sciences Chiba Prefectural University of Health Sciences Chiba Japan Fukuoka University Fukuoka Japan Iwate Dental Association Iwate Japan Office Tazawa Company Iwate Japan School of Dental Medicine Tsurumi University Yokohama-shi Japan School of Information-oriented Management Sports Management Research Center SANNO University Kanagawa Japan

Background: The ability to climb stairs (ascending and descending stair without using a handrail) and rise from a chair (rising from chairs without using an elbow rest) are among the most important measures of physical function for ADL evaluation for the independent living, and assessed by the questioners on many epidemiological studies in elderly. But little is known about the relationship between the self-reported performance level of the tasks and lower leg strength and power in very elderly people. The purpose of this study was to ascertain the relationship between the self-reported performance level of two tasks and the lower leg function in community-dwelling 80-year-old population. Methods: Out of 994 persons who were 80 years old living in Morioka City, Iwate Prefecture, Japan, 607 individuals (236 men and 371 women) underwent a physical fitness test that included measurements of leg extensor power and knee extensor strength. The ability to climb up stair and to rise from a chair was assessed by self- reported questionnaire which was ranked in three levels. The area under the receiver-operating characteristic (ROC) curve (AUC) was used to evaluate the measurements. Results: The cut-off points for the leg extensor power of subjects who could completely perform the stair-climbing and chair-rising functions were determined to be approximately 8.6 watt/kg body mass for men and 5.6 watt/kg body mass for women. In addition, the cut-off points for the knee extensor strength of subjects who could completely perform the stair-climbing and chair-rising functions were determined to be approximately 0.97 kg/kg body mass for men and 0.84 kg/kg body mass for women. Conclusions: From a practical viewpoint, the present study suggested that the cut-off points of leg extensor power and knee extensor strength can be used as targets in simple self-reported questionnaires to help in screening for mobility in 80-year-old

关键词： Elderly Leg Extensor Power Knee Extensor Strength ADL Independence Cut-Off Point

Thermally activated delayed fluorescence carbazole-triazine dendrimer with bulky substituents

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Aggregate 2024年第1期5卷 236-243页

作者： Hiroki Ikebe Kohei Nakao Eri Hisamura Minori Furukori yasuo Nakayama Takuya Hosokai Minlang Yang Guanting Liu Takuma Yasuda Ken Albrecht Interdisciplinary Graduate School of Engineering Sciences Kyushu UniversityFukuokaJapan Institute for Materials Chemistry and Engineering Kyushu UniversityKasugaJapan Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry Graduate School of Science and TechnologyTokyo University of ScienceNodaChibaJapan National Metrology Institute of Japan(NMIJ) National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology(AIST)TsukubaIbarakiJapan Institute for Advanced Study Kyushu UniversityNishi-kuFukuokaJapan

Carbazole-triazine dendrimers with a bulky terminal substituent were synthesized,and the thermally activated delayed fluorescence(TADF)property was *** to unsubstituted carbazole dendrimers,dendrimers with bulky terminal substituents showed comparable to better photoluminescence quantum yields(PLQY)in neat ***(PF)-substituted dendrimers showed the highest PLQY of 81%,a smallΔEst of 0.06 eV,and the fastest reverse intersystem crossing(RISC)rate of∼1×10^(5 )s^(−1) compared to other *** measurements of dendrimers and dendrons(fragments)indicate that the close proximity of the triplet energy of phenylfluorene-substituted carbazole dendrons(^(3)LE)to that of phenylfluorene-substituted dendrimers(^(1)CT,^(3)CT)contributes to RISC promotion and improves TADF *** modification fine-tunes the energy level and suppresses intermolecular interactions,and this study provides a guideline for designing efficient solution-processable and non-doped TADF materials.

关键词： dendrimer OLED TADF 1 INTRODUCTION Thermally activated delayed fluorescence(TADF)materials which are inexpensive and highly efficient alternatives to fluorescent

Caspase-11 mediated inflammasome activation in macrophages by systemic infection of *** exacerbates arthritis

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International Journal of Oral Science 2024年第3期16卷 499-514页

作者： Tokuju Okano Hiroshi Ashida Noriko Komatsu Masayuki Tsukasaki Tamako Iida Marie Iwasawa Yuto Takahashi yasuo Takeuchi Takanori Iwata Miwa Sasai Masahiro Yamamoto Hiroshi Takayanagi Toshihiko Suzuki Department of Bacterial Pathogenesis Infection and Host ResponseGraduate School of Medical and Dental SciencesTokyo Medical and Dental UniversityTokyoJapan Department of Immunology Graduate School of Medicine and Faculty of MedicineThe University of TokyoTokyoJapan Department of Osteoimmunology Graduate School of Medicine and Faculty of MedicineThe University of TokyoTokyoJapan Department of Lifetime Oral Health Care Science Graduate School of Medical and Dental SciencesTokyo Medical and Dental UniversityTokyoJapan Department of Periodontology Graduate School of Medical and Dental SciencesTokyo Medical and Dental UniversityTokyoJapan Department of Immunoparasitology Research Institute for Microbial DiseasesOsaka UniversityOsakaJapan

Clinical studies have shown that Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans(***)is associated with aggressive periodontitis and can potentially trigger or exacerbate rheumatoid arthritis(RA).However,the mechanism is poorly ***,we show that systemic infection with *** triggers the progression of arthritis in mice anti-collagen antibody-induced arthritis(CAIA)model following IL-1βsecretion and cell infiltration in paws in a manner that is dependent on caspase-11-mediated inflammasome activation in *** administration of polymyxin B(PMB),chloroquine,and anti-CD11b antibody suppressed inflammasome activation in macrophages and arthritis in mice,suggesting that the recognition of lipopolysaccharide(LPS)in the cytosol after bacterial degradation by lysosomes and invasion via CD11b are needed to trigger arthritis following inflammasome activation in *** data reveal that the inhibition of caspase-11-mediated inflammasome activation potentiates aggravation of RA induced by infection with *** work highlights how RA can be progressed by inflammasome activation as a result of periodontitis-associated bacterial infection and discusses the mechanism of inflammasome activation in response to infection with ***.

关键词： CD11b inflam infection

Impact of postoperative sexual function on health-related quality of life after robot-assisted radical prostatectomy

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Current Urology 2024年第2期18卷 148-154页

作者： Yuya Iwahashi Ryusuke Deguchi Satoshi Muraoka Takahito Wakamiya Shimpei Yamashita Kazuro Kikkawa yasuo Kohjimoto Isao Hara Department of Urology Wakayama Medical UniversityWakayamaJapan

Background:We investigated potential disparities in health-related quality of life,particularly concerning urinary function,between patients with preserved and those with impaired sexual function after robot-assisted radical prostatectomy(RARP).Materials and methods:BetweenDecember 2012 and April 2020,704men underwent RARP in our *** study included 155 patients with a preoperative 5-item International Index of Erectile Function(IIEF-5)of≥12 points and an assessable IIEF-5 at 12 months ***-related quality of life was assessed using the 8-item Short-Form Health Survey and Expanded Prostate Cancer Index Composite(EPIC)preoperatively and at 3,6,and 12months postoperatively.A logistic regression analysis andWilcoxon rank sum tests were ***:Patients were grouped according to the median IIEF-5 score 12 months after surgery:those with preserved sexual function(n=71)and those with impaired sexual function(n=84).The mental component summary of the 8-item Short-Form Health Survey was better in the group with preserved sexual function at 6 months postoperatively than in the group with impaired sexual function(p<0.01).In the EPIC,the group with preserved sexual function performed better not only in the sexual domain but also in the urinary domain at all time points comparedwith the groupwith impaired sexual function(p<0.01).In the comparison of the urinary subdomains of the EPIC,there were no significant differences in urinary function or incontinence,but there were significant differences in urinary distress and irritative/obstructive scores(p<0.01).Conclusions:Patients with preserved postoperative sexual function after RARP showed better urinary function than those with impaired sexual ***,preserved sexual function is closely associated with urinary function.

关键词： Prostatectomy Robot-assisted radical prostatectomy Health-related quality of life Sexual function Urinary function

Evaluation of seismic behavior of box culvert buried in the ground through centrifuge model tests and numerical analysis

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Underground Space 2019年第2期4卷 147-167页

作者： Hitoshi Yatsumoto yasuo Mitsuyoshi yasuo Sawamura Makoto kimura Maintenance Division Hanshin Expressway Company LimitedJapan Obayashi Corporation Construction DivisionJapan Department of Civil and Earth Resources Engineering Kyoto UniversityJapan

Japan has yet to establish a seismic design for road box culverts(RBCs)because past major earthquakes did not damage *** recent years,structures with enlarged sectional dimensions(the purpose of which is to optimize the internal space in RBCs)have become ***,the unknown seismic strength of such large RBCs makes RBC seismic designs increasingly *** seismic design methods have been developed for and applied to rectangular underground structures,e.g.,cut-and-cover tunnels,which are structurally similar to *** these methods are applicable to RBCs,it is uncertain whether they can be applied directly because there are currently no evaluation results from model tests on RBCs,which have unique structural features,e.g.,no haunch at the bottom of the ***,we verify a seismic behavior of an RBC and develop a method for evaluating it in order to establish a seismic design for *** conducted centrifuge model tests subjected to seismic force and a numerical analysis using an elastoplastic finite analysis method,in addition,we validated this analysis by comparing the test and analytical *** test results show RBCs will most likely develop rocking rotation when the ground strain exceeds approximately 0.08%.A comparison of the numerical and experimental results shows that this analysis can estimate the shear deformation behavior with approximately 90%accuracy in square cross-section ***,this analysis has tendency to underestimate the axial forces in each case and to overestimate the bending moments of some members in the case of wide cross-sections.

关键词： Box culvert Centrifuge model test Numerical analysis Shear deformation Rocking rotation

Clinical practice guidelines for acute pancreatitis in the United States and Japan:similarities and differences

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Hepatobiliary Surgery and Nutrition 2024年第5期13卷 869-872页

作者： yasuo Otsuka Ikue Sekai Yasuhiro Masuta Kosuke Minaga Tomohiro Watanabe Masatoshi Kudo Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Kindai University Faculty of MedicineOsakaJapan

Acute pancreatitis(AP)is defined as sudden inflammation that occurs in the pancreas(1-4).Although most cases of AP are mild,approximately 20%of patients develop severe acute pancreatitis(SAP),which is potentially lethal(3,4).Because of the rapid expansion of knowledge regarding the pathogenesis,diagnosis,and treatment of AP,remaining apprised of the latest information regarding clinical practice can be *** practice guidelines are published statements proposed by a panel of experts and include recommendations regarding the optimal diagnosis and treatment of disease(5).Therefore,many clinicians rely on clinical practice guidelines for patient ***,the American College of Gastroenterology(ACG)published clinical practice guidelines for AP management(1).However,in Japan,clinicians often rely on the 2021 Japanese clinical practice guidelines when managing AP(2).The ACG and Japanese clinical practice guidelines for AP share various recommendations regarding diagnosis,severity assessment,and management of this condition;however,these guidelines also have significant ***,this editorial article discusses these similarities and differences.

关键词： Acute pancreatitis(AP) clinical practice guideline severe acute pancreatitis(SAP)

Numerical investigation on arching effect surrounding deep cylindrical shaft during excavation process

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Underground Space 2022年第5期7卷 944-965页

作者： Tanawat Tangjarusritaratorn Yuusuke Miyazaki yasuo Sawamura Kiyoshi Kishida Makoto kimura Dept.of Urban Management Kyoto Univ.Katsura CampusKyoto 615-8540Japan Dept.of Civil and Earth Resources Engineering Kyoto Univ.Katsura CampusKyoto 615-8540Japan

Predicting the inner displacements of deep vertical shafts during the excavation process has been a difficult task considering the geological,structural,and constructional *** fact,the two-dimensional(2D)analytical solution based on the retaining wall model remains insufficient for understanding the actual behavior during an *** is because the deformation of vertical shafts becomes complicated due to the unexpected arching effect brought about by the three-dimensional(3D)flexible displacements occurring in the excavation *** analytical solutions only considered the limit ***,the present study deals with a 3D soil-structure simulation by considering the displacements of a cylindrical shaft and the mechanical behavior of the surrounding soil as well as the geometry of the cylindrical ***,this mechanical behaviors of the surrounding soil and shaft are controlled by the shaft stiffness;hence,the relationships among the shaft stiffness,mechanical behavior of the surrounding soil(in terms of earth pressure coefficient),and shaft displacement were investigated.A cylindrical model,120 m in depth and 20 m in diameter,was positioned at the center of a sand domain,and each excavation step was performed at an interval depth of 20 m.A 3D finite difference method analysis was applied using the modified Cam-Clay(MCC)model to represent the soil *** a result,the present study provides a new normalized lateral earth pressure theory for excavated shafts by considering the 3D arching effect obtained from parametric studies using various levels of shaft *** a comparison with the analytical solutions of previous studies(Terzaghi,1943a;Prater,1977;Cheng&Hu,2005),it is found that the previous studies underestimated the earth pressure acting on the cylindrical shaft because they did not consider the accurate arching effect.

关键词： Deep cylindrical shaft Excavation analysis Soil mixing wall method Arching effect Finite different method Three-dimensional analysis

Deformation behavior and acting earth pressure of three-hinge precast arch culvert in construction process

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Underground Space 2019年第3期4卷 251-260页

作者： yasuo Sawamura Hiroyuki Ishihara Yoshinori Otani Kiyoshi Kishida Makoto kimura Department of Civil and Earth Resources Engineering Kyoto UniversityJapan Hokkaido Branch Kajima CorporationJapan Hirose Hokyodo&Co. Ltd.Japan Department of Urban Management Kyoto UniversityJapan

The three-hinge precast arch culvert consists of two segmental precast units and three hinge *** harnesses the passive resistance of an embankment by permitting deflection,resulting in a mechanically stable ***,the design of the three-hinge precast arch culvert differs from that of a conventional culvert,prompting the mechanical behavior of the culvert to become an important *** this study,therefore,1/5 scale model tests were conducted on a three-hinge precast arch culvert to measure the changes in the inside width and earth pressure acting on the culvert at each step in order to investigate the culvert’s mechanical behavior at each construction ***,the deflection measurement of the culvert was obtained at the in-situ construction *** results indicate that the arch members were displaced according to the embankment depth in a similar manner to the design ***,the horizontal earth pressure,which was larger than the earth pressure at rest,acted on the culvert at the end of its construction.

关键词： Precast arch culvert Construction process Coefficient of earth pressure Inside width

PREPARATION OF POLYMER DISPERSED LIQUID CRYSTALS USING PHOTOPOLYMERIZATION

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Chinese Journal of Polymer Science 2001年第3期19卷 311-315页

作者： yasuo Hatate Department of Applied Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Faculty of Engineering Kagoshima University Kagoshima 890-0065 Japan

2-Hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA) and styrene copolymers are prepared by photopolymerization. The electrooptical behavior and microstructure of the polymer dispersed liquid crystal films are investigated by using He-Ne laser and scanning electron microscopy, respectively. With increasing E7 content in the copolymer, droplet size increased, threshold voltage decreased.

关键词： electro-optical properties phase separation polymer dispersed liquid crystal