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Interaction between hepatitis C virus and metabolic factors

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2014年第11期20卷 2888-2901页

作者： yasunori Kawaguchi Toshihiko Mizuta Department of Internal Medicine Saga Medical SchoolSaga 849-8501Japan

Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection disrupts the normal metabolism processes, but is also influenced by several of the host’s metabolic factors. An obvious and significantly detrimental pathophysiological feature of HCV infection is insulin resistance in hepatic and peripheral tissues. Substantial research efforts have been put forth recently to elucidate the molecular mechanism of HCV-induced insulin resistance, and several cytokines, such as tumor necrosis factor-α, have been identified as important contributors to the development of insulin resistance in the distant peripheral tissues of HCV-infected patients and animal models. The demonstrated etiologies of HCV-induced whole-body insulin resistance include oxidative stress, lipid metabolism abnormalities, hepatic steatosis and iron overload. In addition, myriad effects of this condition have been characterized, including glucose intolerance, resistance to antiviral therapy, progression of hepatic fibrosis, development of hepatocellular carcinoma, and general decrease in quality of life. Metabolic-related conditions and disorders, such as visceral obesity and diabetes mellitus, have been shown to synergistically enhance HCV-induced metabolic disturbance, and are associated with worse prognosis. Yet, the molecular interactions between HCV-induced metabolic disturbance and host-associated metabolic factors remain largely unknown. The diet and lifestyle recommendations for chronic hepatitis C are basically the same as those for obesity, diabetes, and metabolic syndrome. Specifically, patients are suggested to restrict their dietary iron intake, abstain from alcohol and tobacco, and increase their intake of green tea and coffee (to attain the beneficial effects of caffeine and polyphenols). While successful clinical management of HCV-infected patients with metabolic disorders has also been achieved with some anti-diabetic (i.e., metformin) and anti-lipid (i.e., statins) medications, it is recommended th

关键词： Hepatitis C virus Insulin resistance Diabetes Lipid metabolism abnormality Hepatic steatosis Iron overload Oxidative stress Visceral obesity

Distortion-free PCA on sample space for highly variable gene detection from single-cell RNA-seq data

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Frontiers of Computer Science 2023年第1期17卷 133-142页

作者： Momo MATSUDA yasunori FUTAMURA Xiucai YE Tetsuya SAKURAI Department of Computer Science University of TsukubaTsukuba 305-8573Japan

Single-cell RNA-seq (scRNA-seq) allows the analysis of gene expression in each cell, which enables the detection of highly variable genes (HVG) that contribute to cell-to-cell variation within a homogeneous cell population. HVG detection is necessary for clustering analysis to improve the clustering result. scRNA-seq includes some genes that are expressed with a certain probability in all cells which make the cells indistinguishable. These genes are referred to as background noise. To remove the background noise and select the informative genes for clustering analysis, in this paper, we propose an effective HVG detection method based on principal component analysis (PCA). The proposed method utilizes PCA to evaluate the genes (features) on the sample space. The distortion-free principal components are selected to calculate the distance from the origin to gene as the weight of each gene. The genes that have the greatest distances to the origin are selected for clustering analysis. Experimental results on both synthetic and gene expression datasets show that the proposed method not only removes the background noise to select the informative genes for clustering analysis, but also outperforms the existing HVG detection methods.

关键词： single-cell RNA-sequencing feature selection principal component analysis highly variable gene detection background noise clustering analysis

Appendicitis with psoas abscess successfully treated by laparoscopic surgery

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2014年第25期20卷 8317-8319页

作者： yasunori Otowa Yasuo Sumi Shingo Kanaji Kiyonori Kanemitsu Kimihiro Yamashita Tatsuya Imanishi Tetsu Nakamura Satoshi Suzuki Kenichi tanaka Yoshihiro Kakeji Division of Gastrointestinal Surgery Department of SurgeryKobe University Graduate School of Medicine 7-5-2 Kusunokichou Chuo-ku Kobe Hyogo Prefecture 650-0017 Japan Division of Gastrointestinal Surgery Department of SurgeryKobe University Graduate School of Medicine7-5-2 KusunokichouChuo-ku KobeHyogo Prefecture 650-0017Japan

Although acute appendicitis is a common disease, retroperitoneal abscesses are rarely observed. Here, we report a case consisting of a psoas abscess and cutaneous fistula caused by appendicitis. The patient was a 56-year-old male who was introduced to our institution due to an intractable right psoas abscess. Imaging tests had been performed over the previous 3 years; however, clinicians could not find the origin of the abscess and failed to resolve the problem. A successful operation was performed via a laparoscopic approach, and 17 mo have passed without recurrence. The advantage of laparoscopic surgery is well understood in cases of appendicitis with abscesses. However, the indication for laparoscopic approach is not clear for retroperitoneal abscesses. From our experience, we can conclude that appendicitis with retroperitonealabscesses can be managed and treated using a laparoscopic approach.

关键词： Appendicitis Laparoscopic surgery Psoas abscess Retroperitoneal abscess Right leg pain

Management of the late effects of disconnected pancreatic duct syndrome: A case report

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2019年第9期7卷 1053-1059页

作者： Reiko Yamada Yuhei Umeda yasunori Shiono Hiroaki Okuse Naoki Kuroda Junya Tsuboi Hiroyuki Inoue Yasuhiko Hamada Kyosuke tanaka Noriyuki Horiki Yoshiyuki Takei Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Mie University Graduate School of Medicine Department of Endoscopy Mie University Graduate School of Medicine

BACKGROUND There have been few reports about the late effects of disconnected pancreatic duct syndrome(DPDS). Although few reports have described the recurrence interval of pancreatitis, it might be rare for recurrence to occur more than 5 years ***, we describe a case of recurrence in an 81-year-old man after the treatment of walled-off necrosis(WON) with pancreatic transection 7 years *** SUMMARY An 81-year-old man visited our hospital with chief complaints of fever and abdominal pain 7 years after the onset of WON due to severe necrotic pancreatitis. His medical history included an abdominal aortic aneurysm(AAA),hypertension, dyslipidemia, and chronic kidney disease. Computed tomography(CT) scan showed that the pancreatic fluid collection(PFC) had spread to the aorta with inflammation surrounding it, and CT findings suggested that bleeding occurred from the vasodilation due to splenic vein occlusion. First, we attempted to perform transpapillary drainage because of venous dilation around the residual stomach and the PFC. However, pancreatic duct drainage failed because of complete main pancreatic duct disruption. Second, we performed endoscopic ultrasound-guided drainage. After transmural drainage, the inflammation improved and stenting for the AAA was performed successfully. The inflammation was resolved, and he has been free from infection for more than 2 years after the *** This case highlights the importance of continued follow-up of patients for recurrence after the treatment of WON with pancreatic transection.

关键词： Case report Endoscopy Necrosis Pancreas Walled-off necrosis Disconnected pancreatic duct syndrome

Therapeutic response assessment of RFA for HCC:Contrast-enhanced US,CT and MRI

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2014年第15期20卷 4160-4166页

作者： yasunori Minami Naoshi Nishida Masatoshi Kudo Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Kinki University Faculty of MedicineOsaka 589-8511Japan

Radiofrequency ablation (RFA) is commonly applied for the treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) because of the facile procedure, and the safety and effectiveness for the treatment of this type of tumor. On the other hand, it is believed that HCC cells should spread predominantly through the blood flow of the portal vein, which could lead to the formation of intrahepatic micrometastases. Therefore, monitoring tumor response after the treatment is quite important and accurate assessment of treatment response is critical to obtain the most favorable outcome after the RFA. Indeed, several reports suggested that even small HCCs of ≤ 3 cm in diameter might carry intrahepatic micrometastases and/or microvascular invasion. From this point of view, for preventing local recurrences, RFA should be performed ablating a main tumor as well as its surrounding non-tumorous liver tissue where micrometastases and microvascular invasion might exist. Recent advancement of imaging modalities such as contrast-enhanced ultrasonic, computed tomography, and magnetic resonance imaging are playing an important role on assessing the therapeutic effects of RFA. The local recurrence rate tends to be low in HCC patients who were proven to have adequate ablation margin after RFA; namely, not only disappearance of vascular enhancement of main tumor, but also an adequate ablation margin. Therefore, contrast enhancement gives important findings for the diagnosis of recurrent HCCs on each imaging. However, hyperemia of non-tumorous liver surrounding the ablated lesion, which could be attributed to an inflammation after RFA, may well obscure the findings of local recurrence of HCCs after RFA. Therefore, we need to carefully address to these imaging findings given the fact that diagnostic difficulties of local recurrence of HCC. Here, we give an overview of the current status of the imaging assessment of HCC response to RFA.

关键词： Hepatocellular carcinoma Micrometastasis Microvascular invasion Radiofrequency ablation Safety margin

Topographical and hydrological effects on meso-scale vegetation in desert steppe, Mongolia

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Journal of Arid Land 2017年第1期9卷 132-142页

作者： Batdelger GANTSETSEG Masahide ISHIZUKA yasunori KUROSAKI Masao MIKAMI Information and Research Institute of Meteorology Hydrology and Environment Ulaanbaatar 15160 Mongolia Faculty of Engineering Kagawa University Takamatsu 761-03 96 Japan Arid Land Research Center Tottori University Tottori 680-0001 Japan Japan Meteorological Business Support Center Tokyo 101-0054 Japan

This study investigated the seasonal variations of the normalized difference vegetation index（NDVI） and its relationships with climatic variables and topography in a small-scale（20 km×20 km） area（i.e., Tsogt-Ovoo village） within the desert steppe zone of Mongolia using in-situ observed climate data and satellite remote sensing data. We found that the topography is very important for vegetation growth in the desert steppe although the summer precipitation is the constraining factor. The unexpectedly high NDVI（up to 0.56）, as well as the high aboveground biomass, in the valley bottom was primarily resulted from the topography-modulated redistribution of overland flow after relatively heavy precipitation events during the growing season. This makes the valley bottoms in desert steppes not only reliable feeding resources for livestock but also heavens for wild lives. But, the detected large standard deviation of annual maximum NDVI（NDVI_（max）） from 2000 to 2013 in the valley bottom in response to rather variable precipitation implies that the valley bottoms under desert steppe climates are more vulnerable to climatic change.

关键词： topography climatic variable desert valley vegetation soil moisture Terra-MODIS NDVI

Contrast-enhanced ultrasonography with Sonazoid in hepatocellular carcinoma diagnosis

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Hepatoma Research 2020年第8期6卷 1-11页

作者： yasunori Minami Masatoshi Kudo Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Kindai University Faculty of MedicineOsaka 589-8511Japan.

With the development of second-generation contrast agents and advancement in contrast harmonic imaging,contrast-enhanced ultrasonography(CEUS)now has the capacity to sensitively and accurately show tumor ***,marked improvements have been achieved in the diagnosis of focal liver lesions(FLLs),including hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC),by *** contrast to other agents,Kupffer cells in liver sinusoids take up *** contrast enhancement phases occur in CEUS with Sonazoid:a vascular phase and Kupffer *** obtained in the Kupffer phase have higher diagnostic sensitivity for hepatic malignancies because the majority of these malignancies do not contain Kupffer *** images obtained in the vascular phase markedly narrow the clinical differential diagnoses of *** sustainable detection of inconspicuous HCC,adequate guidance of ablation therapy,and accurate assessment of treatment responses in HCC are all facilitated by *** principles,clinical applications,and techniques of CEUS with Sonazoid in the diagnosis of HCC will be reviewed herein.

关键词： Contrast-enhanced ultrasonography focal liver lesion hepatocellular carcinoma sonazoid

Adjuvant therapy after radical surgery for hepatocellular carcinoma: still an unmet need

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Hepatobiliary Surgery and Nutrition 2019年第4期8卷 414-416页

作者： yasunori Minami Masatoshi Kudo Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Kindai University Faculty of Medicine Osaka-Sayama Osaka Japan

Introduction Hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)is one of the leading causes of cancer-related *** HCC typically occurs in patients with advanced liver disease,therapeutic decisions depend on the degree of underlying liver dysfunction and tumor *** treatment options,which result in 5-year survival rates of 60–80%(surgical resection)and 40–70%(local ablative therapies),are restricted to patients with early-stage HCC(1,2).However,surgical resection and local ablative therapies are limited by high tumor recurrence rates of 50%at 3 years and 70%at 5 years(1-6).Thus,monitoring treatment response is imperative for the clinical management of HCC patients(7),highlighting the need for adjuvant therapies.

关键词： mortality surgery clinical

Titanium membrane layered between fluvastatin-loaded poly(lactic-co-glycolic)acid for guided bone regeneration

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Regenerative Biomaterials 2022年第1期9卷 816-826页

作者： Akihiro Furuhashi Yunia Dwi Rakhmatia yasunori Ayukawa Kiyoshi Koyano Section of Implant and Rehabilitative Dentistry Division of Oral RehabilitationFaculty of Dental ScienceKyushu UniversityHigashiFukuoka-ku 812-8582Japan Division of Advanced Dental Devices and Therapeutics Faculty of Dental ScienceKyushu UniversityHigashiFukuoka-ku 812-8582Japan Department of Prosthodontic Faculty of DentistryPadjadjaran UniversityKota BandungJawa Barat 40132Indonesia

The aimof this study was to investigate titaniummembranes(TMs)layered between poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid)(PLGA)containing fluvastatin(FS)for use in guided bone *** consisting of PLGA,FS-containing PLGA(PLGA–FS),TM layered between PLGA(TM–PLGA)and TM layered between FS-containing PLGA(TM–PLGA–FS)were prepared,and their mechanical and chemical properties were *** TM groups showed statistically significant differences,in terms of tensile strength and elastic modulus,when compared to the PLGA *** release of FS was demonstrated to be higher in the TM–PLGA–FS group than the PLGA–FS group after Day *** effect of membrane implantation on the calvaria of Wistar rats was measured using micro-computed tomography(micro-CT)and morphometrical analyses,as well as histological *** 4weeks,the TM–PLGA–FS and TM–PLGA groups were found to have lower bone mineral density but higher bone formation,when compared to the control and PLGA *** 8weeks,the use of TM–PLGA–FS membranes significantly enhanced bone formation in the calvaria model,compared to the other *** results suggest that a TM layered between PLGA containing FS potentially enhances bone formation,thus showing good potential as a GBR membrane.

关键词： titanium mesh PLGA statin guided bone regeneration(GBR)