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Sepsis during short bowel syndrome hospitalizations:Identifying trends,disparities,and clinical outcomes in the United States

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Pathophysiology 2024年第1期15卷 26-36页

作者： Dushyant Singh Dahiya Jennifer Wachala Shantanu Solanki Dhanshree Solanki Asim Kichloo Samantha Holcomb Uvesh Mansuri Khwaja Saad Haq Hassam Ali Manesh Kumar Gangwani yash R Shah Teresa Varghese Hafiz Muzaffar Akbar Khan Simon Peter Horslen Thomas D Schiano Syed-Mohammed Jafri Division of Gastroenterology Hepatology&MotilityThe University of Kansas School of MedicineKansas CityKS 66160United States Department of Internal Medicine Samaritan Medical CenterWatertownNY 13601United States Division of Gastroenterology Hepatology&Nutrition The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer CenterHoustonTX 77030United States Department of Medicine Institute for Foreign Medical Graduate EducationHoustonTX 77030United States Department of Internal Medicine MedStar Harbor HospitalBaltimoreMD 21225United States Department of Internal Medicine WellStar Spalding Regional HospitalGriffinGA 30224United States Division of Gastroenterology Hepatology and NutritionEast Carolina University/Brody School of MedicineGreenvilleNC 27858United States Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology University of Arkansas for Medical SciencesLittle RockAR 72205United States Department of Internal Medicine Trinity Health Oakland/Wayne State UniversityPontiacMI 48341United States Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology SUNY Upstate Medical UniversitySyracuseNY 13210United States Department of Pediatrics School of Medicine and UPMC Children’s Hospital of PittsburghUniversity of PittsburghPittsburghPA 15219United States Division of Liver Diseases Icahn School of Medicine at Mount SinaiNew YorkNY 10029United States Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Henry Ford HospitalDetroitMI 48202United States

BACKGROUND Short bowel syndrome(SBS)hospitalizations are often complicated with *** is a significant paucity of data on adult SBS hospitalizations in the United States and across the *** To assess trends and outcomes of SBS hospitalizations complicated by sepsis in the United *** The National Inpatient Sample was utilized to identify all adult SBS hospitalizations between *** study cohort was further divided based on the presence or absence of *** were identified,and hospitalization characteristics and clinical outcomes were *** of mortality for SBS hospitalizations complicated with sepsis were *** Of 247097 SBS hospitalizations,21.7%were complicated by *** SBS hospitalizations had a rising trend of hospitalizations from 20.8%in 2005 to 23.5%in 2014(P trend<0.0001).Compared to non-septic SBS hospitalizations,septic SBS hospitalizations had a higher proportion of males(32.8%vs 29.3%,P<0.0001),patients in the 35-49(45.9%vs 42.5%,P<0.0001)and 50-64(32.1%vs 31.1%,P<0.0001)age groups,and ethnic minorities,i.e.,Blacks(12.4%vs 11.3%,P<0.0001)and Hispanics(6.7%vs 5.5%,P<0.0001).Furthermore,septic SBS hospitalizations had a higher proportion of patients with intestinal transplantation(0.33%vs 0.22%,P<0.0001),inpatient mortality(8.5%vs 1.4%,P<0.0001),and mean length of stay(16.1 d vs 7.7 d,P<0.0001)compared to the non-sepsis cohort.A younger age,female gender,White race,and presence of comorbidities such as anemia and depression were identified to be independent predictors of inpatient mortality for septic SBS *** Septic SBS hospitalizations had a rising trend between 2005-2014 and were associated with higher inpatient mortality compared to non-septic SBS hospitalizations.

关键词： Short bowel syndrome Sepsis Outcomes Mortality Trends

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Performance analysis of deep learning CNN models for disease detection in plants using image segmentation

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Information Processing in Agriculture 2020年第4期7卷 566-574页

作者： Parul Sharma yash Paul Singh Berwal Wiqas Ghai Department of Computer Science and Engineering RIMT UniversityMandi Gobindgarh 147301India Additional Director Department of Technical EducationHaryanaIndia

Food security for the 7 billion people on earth requires minimizing crop damage by timely *** deep learningmodels forautomated detectionof diseases in plants suffer fromthe fatal flaw that once tested on independent data,their performance drops *** work investigates a potential solution to this problem by using segmented image data to train the convolutional neural network(CNN)*** compared to the F-CNN model trained using full images,S-CNN model trained using segmented imagesmore than doubles in performance to 98.6%accuracy when tested on independent data previously unseen by the models even with 10 disease *** only this,by using tomato plant and target spot disease type as an example,we show that the confidence of self-classification for S-CNN model improves significantly over F-CNN *** research work brings applicability of automated methods closer to non-experts for timely detection of diseases.

关键词： Machine learning Plant disease detection Image segmentation

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Monitoring of lithium-ion cells using a microcontroller

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Clean Energy 2022年第1期6卷 89-96页

作者： Gaurav Pratap Singh yash Lehri Lakshay Bhatia Yogesh Sehgal Department of Electrical and Electronics Department Bharati Vidyapeeth’s College of EngineeringNew DelhiIndia

Safe and efficient operation of batteries is always desired but batteries with a high energy density pose a threat to the system causing thermal breakdown,reduced performance and rapid *** reduce such vulnerabilities,an optimum environment with controlled parameters is *** parameters have been considered for analysis,*** of charge,current,voltage and *** module makes a detailed analysis of the above-mentioned parameters and suggests a microcontroller-based prototype that is capable of monitoring the external factors in real time and generating relevant warnings.

关键词： lithium ion battery-management system thermal runaway battery temperature battery current battery voltage microcontrollers

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Excellent tribological properties of epoxy-Ti3C2 with three-dimensional nanosheets composites

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Friction 2021年第4期9卷 734-746页

作者： Fanning MENG Zhenyu ZHANG Peili GAO Ruiyang KANG yash BOYJOO Jinhong YU Tingting LIU Key Laboratory for Precision and Non-Traditional Machining Technology of Ministry of Education Dalian University of TechnologyDalian 116024China Key Laboratory of Marine Materials and Related Technologies Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Marine Materials and Protective TechnologiesNingbo Institute of Materials Technology and EngineeringChinese Academy of SciencesNingbo 315201China State Key Laboratory of Catalysis Dalian Institute of Chemical PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesDalian 116023China

As a widely used engineering polymer,epoxy resin has been successfully employed in high-performance components and ***,the poor thermal and friction properties of traditional epoxy resin greatly limit its application in many extreme *** this work,a new kind of epoxy-Ti3C2 with three-dimensional nanosheets(3DNS)composite which was designed by freeze-drying method showed up excellent thermal and friction *** a result,the coefficient of thermal expansion(CTE)of epoxy-Ti3C23DNS 3.0 composites was 41.9 ppm/K at 40℃,which was lower than that of the traditional epoxy resin(46.7 ppm/K),and the thermal conductivity(TC)was also improved from 0.176 to 0.262 W/(m-K).Meanwhile,epoxy-Ti3C23DNS 1.0 composites showed up the best friction property,with wear rate 76.3%lower than that of epoxy *** work is significant for the research of high-performance composite materials.

关键词： epoxy-Ti3C23DNS composite three-dimensional nanosheets thermal performances friction properties

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Albumin as a prognostic marker for ulcerative colitis

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2017年第45期23卷 8008-8016页

作者： Nabeel Khan Dhruvan Patel yash Shah Chinmay Trivedi Yu-Xiao Yang Section of Gastroenterology University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine Section of Gastroenterology Corporal Michael J. Crescenz VA Medical Center Department of Gastroenterology Drexel University College of Medicine Department of Internal Medicine Icahn School of Medicine at Mount SinaiJames J. Peters VA Medical Center

AIM To evaluate the role of albumin at the time of ulcerative colitis(UC) diagnosis in predicting the clinical course of *** Nationwide cohort of patients with newly diagnosed UC in the Veterans Affairs health care system was identified and divided into two categories: hypoalbuminemia(i.e.,≤ 3.5 gm/dl) or normal albumin levels(i.e.,> 3.5 gm/dl) at the time of UC diagnosis. The exposure of interest was presence of hypoalbuminemia defined asalbumin level ≤ 3.5 g/dl at the time of UC diagnosis. Patients were then followed over time to identify the use of ≥ 2 courses of corticosteroids(CS),thiopurines,anti-TNF medications and requirement of colectomy for UC management. RESULTS The eligible study cohort included 802 patients,but 92(11.4%) patients did not have their albumin levels checked at the time of UC diagnosis,and they were excluded. A total of 710 patients,who had albumin levels checked at time of UC diagnosis,were included in our study. Amongst them,536 patients had a normal albumin level and 174 patients had hypoalbuminemia. Patients with hypoalbuminemia at diagnosis had a higher likelihood of ≥ 2 courses of CS use(adjusted HR = 1.7,95%CI: 1.3-2.3),higher likelihood of thiopurine or anti-TNF use(adjusted HR = 1.72,95%CI: 1.23-2.40) than patients with normal albumin level at diagnosis. There was a trend of higher likelihood of colectomy in hypoalbuminemic patients,but it was not statistically significant(Adjusted HR = 1.7,95%CI: 0.90-3.25).CONCLUSION Hypoalbuminemia at disease diagnosis can serve as a prognostic marker to predict the clinical course of UC at the time of diagnosis.

关键词： Prognostic marker Albumin Ulcerative colitis Disease course Colectomy

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Combustion performance of hybrid rocket fuels loaded with MgB_(2)and carbon black additives

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Propulsion and Power Research 2023年第2期12卷 212-226页

作者： yash Pal Sasi Kiran Palateerdham Sri Nithya Mahottamananda Subha Sivakumar Antonella Ingenito School of Aeronautical Sciences Hindustan Institute of Technology and ScienceChennai 603103India School of Aerospace Engineering University of Rome“La Sapienza”00138RomeItaly Department of Aerospace Engineering BS Abdur Rahman Crescent Institute of Science&TechnologyChennai 600048India

Paraffin-based fuel has a great potential for several innovative missions,including space tourism,due to its safety,low environmental impact,high performance and low *** the fact that liquefying solid fuels increases the regression rate of hybrid rocket motors,incorporating energetic materials into solid fuel can still improve the *** objective and scope of this study is to increase the performance characteristics of the paraffin-based fuel by using magnesium diboride(MgB_(2))and carbon black(CB)*** cylindricalport fuel grains were manufactured with various additives percentages in mass(wt%:CB-2%and MgB_(2)-10%)and tested using a laboratory-scale ballistic hybrid motor under gaseous *** mechanical performance results revealed that adding CB and MgB_(2) improved the ultimate strength and elastic modulus of paraffin-based *** addition of these fillers increased the hardness of fuel by developing a strong interaction in the paraffin ***(TG)results showed that CB inclusion improved the thermal stability of the paraffin *** average regression rates of fuels loaded with CB and MgB_(2) were 32%and 52%higher than those of unmodified paraffin wax,*** characteristic velocity efficiency was found in the range of 68%e79%at an O/F ratio of *** MgB_(2) oxidation/combustion in the paraffin matrix was described by a four-step oxidation process ranging from 473 K to 1723 ***,a combustion model of MgB_(2) in the paraffin matrix was proposed,and four-step oxidation processes were discussed in detail.

关键词： Hybrid rocket Paraffin wax Regression rate Magnesium diboride Mechanical properties

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Healthcare utilization and costs associated with gastroparesis

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2017年第24期23卷 4428-4436页

作者： Vaibhav Wadhwa Dhruv Mehta yash Jobanputra Rocio Lopez Prashanthi N Thota Madhusudhan R Sanaka Department of Internal Medicine Fairview HospitalCleveland Clinic Department of Internal Medicine Westchester Medical Center Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Digestive Disease InstituteCleveland Clinic Center for Advanced Endoscopy Digestive Disease InstituteCleveland Clinic

To use a national database of United States hospitals to evaluate the incidence and costs of hospital admissions associated with gastroparesis. METHODSWe analyzed the National Inpatient Sample Database (NIS) for all patients in whom gastroparesis (ICD-9 code: 536.3) was the principal discharge diagnosis during the period, 1997-2013. The NIS is the largest publicly available all-payer inpatient care database in the United States. It contains data from approximately eight million hospital stays each year. The statistical significance of the difference in the number of hospital discharges, length of stay and hospital costs over the study period was determined by regression analysis. RESULTSIn 1997, there were 3978 admissions with a principal discharge diagnosis of gastroparesis as compared to 16460 in 2013 (P < 0.01). The mean length of stay for gastroparesis decreased by 20 % between 1997 and 2013 from 6.4 d to 5.1 d (P < 0.001). However, during this period the mean hospital charges increased significantly by 159 % from $13350 (after inflation adjustment) per patient in 1997 to $34585 per patient in 2013 (P < 0.001). The aggregate charges (i.e., “national bill”) for gastroparesis increased exponentially by 1026 % from $50456642 ± 4662620 in 1997 to $568417666 ± 22374060 in 2013 (P < 0.001). The percentage of national bill for gastroparesis discharges (national bill for gastroparesis/total national bill) has also increased over the last 16 years (0.0013% in 1997 vs 0.004% in 2013). During the study period, women had a higher frequency of gastroparesis discharges when compared to men (1.39/10000 vs 0.9/10000 in 1997 and 5.8/10000 vs 3/10000 in 2013). There was a 6-fold increase in the discharge diagnosis of gastroparesis amongst type 1 DM and 3.7-fold increase amongst type 2 DM patients over the study period (P < 0.001). CONCLUSIONThe number of inpatient admissions for gastroparesis and associated costs have increased significantly over the last 16 years. Inpatient cost

关键词： Inpatient admission rates Gastroparesis Cancer epidemiology National inpatient database

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Nationwide trends of hospital admissions for acute cholecystitis in the United States

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Gastroenterology Report 2017年第1期5卷 36-42,I0002页

作者： Vaibhav Wadhwa yash Jobanputra Sushil K Garg Soumil Patwardhan Dhruv Mehta Madhusudhan R.Sanaka Department of Internal Medicine Fairview HospitalCleveland ClinicOHUSA Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Digestive Disease InstituteCleveland ClinicClevelandOHUSA Department of Internal Medicine University of MinnesotaMinneapolisMNUSA Department of Internal Medicine University of MassachusettsWorcesterMAUSA Department of Internal Medicine Westchester Medical CenterValhallaNYUSA

Background and aims:Acute cholecystitis is a fairly common inpatient diagnosis among the gastrointestinal *** aim of this study was to use a national database of US hospitals to evaluate the incidence and costs of hospital admissions associated with acute ***:We analyzed the National Inpatient Sample Database(NIS)for all patients in which acute cholecystitis(ICD-9 codes:574.00,574.01,574.30,574.31,574.60,574.61 or 575.0)was the principal discharge diagnosis from 1997 to *** NIS is the largest all-payer inpatient database in the United States and contains data from approximately 8 million hospital stays each *** statistical significance of the difference in the number of hospital discharges,lengths of stay and associated hospital costs over the study period was determined by using the Chi-square test for ***:In 1997,there were 149661 hospital admissions with a principal discharge diagnosis of acute cholecystitis,which increased to 215995 in 2012(P<0.001).The mean length of stay for acute cholecystitis decreased by 17% between 1997 and 2012(*** 4.7 days to 3.9 days);(P<0.05).During the same time period,however,mean hospital charges have increased by 195.4% from US$14608 per patient in 1997 to US$43152 per patient in 2012(P<0.001).Conclusion:The number of inpatient discharges related to acute cholecystitis has increased significantly in the United States over the last 16 years,along with a great increase in the associated hospital ***,there has been a gradual decline in the mean length of *** costs associated with acute cholecystitis contribute significantly to the total healthcare *** research on cost-effective evaluation and management of acute cholecystitis is required.

关键词： inpatient admission rates acute cholecystitis epidemiology trends

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Towards a business model for second-life batteries: Barriers,opportunities, uncertainties, and technologies

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2023年第3期78卷 507-525,I0014页

作者： Carlos Antônio Rufino Júnior Eleonora Riva Sanseverino Pierluigi Gallo Daniel Koch yash Kotak Hans-Georg Schweiger Hudson Zanin Advanced Energy Storage Division New Energy Innovation CenterUniversity of Campinas(UNICAMP)Campinas 13083-852Brazil Engineering Department University of Palermo(UNIPA)Palermo 90128Italy Consorzio Nazionale Interuniversitario per le Telecomunicazioni(CNIT) Parma 43124Italy Technische Hochschule Ingolstadt Institute for ElectricConnected and Safe Mobility(C-ECOS)Ingolstadt 85049Germany

Electric vehicles(EVs) and the recent pandemic outbreak give cities a new trend to primarily private and shared mobility with low noise and less air *** factors for the widespread of EVs are the electrical charging infrastructure,driving range,and the reduction of the cost of battery *** this reason,there is a massive effort from manufacturers,governments,and the scientific community to reduce battery costs and boost sustainable electrical production and *** reuse is an alternative to reduce batteries’ costs and environmental ***-life batteries can be used in a wide variety of secondary ***-life batteries can be connected with off-grid or on-grid photovoltaic and wind systems,vehicle charging stations,forklifts,and frequency *** present work aims to analyze the main challenges imposed on the reuse of batteries,the leading technologies for their reuse,and the different types of batteries in terms of their feasibility for second-life *** main novelty of this work is the discussion about the barriers,opportunities,uncertainties,and technologies for the second life *** we summarize the present state of the art in reusing lithium-ion batteries discussing technical and economic feasibility,environmental impacts,and *** results show five business models that have been proposed in the literature,three types of markets for trading second-life batteries,and the main opportunities and barriers for each actor in the battery supply chain.

关键词： Business models Batteries Sustainability Electric vehicles Challenges Opportunities Lithium-ion batteries Reuse

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Advanced yolk-shell nanoparticles as nanoreactors for energy conversion

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Chinese Journal of Catalysis 2017年第6期38卷 970-990页

作者： Meiwen Wang yash Boyjoo Jian Pan Shaobin Wang Jian Liu Department of Chemical Engineering Curtin University Perth WA 6845 Australia

Yolk‐shell structured nanoparticles are of immense scientific and technological interests because of their unique architecture and myriad of *** review summarizes recent progresses in the use of yolk‐shell structured nanoparticles as nanoreactors for various chemical reactions.A very brief overview of synthetic strategies is provided with emphasis on recent research progress in the last five *** applications of these yolk‐shell structured nanoreactors are then discussed by covering photocatalysis,methane reforming and electrochemical *** state of the art research and perspective in future development are also highlighted.

关键词： Yolk‐shell nanoreactors Energy conversion applications Photocatalysis Fuel cell Utilization of carbon sources

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