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Isobaric enzymatic assays reveal depth-dependent variation in microbial ectoenzyme activities in the deepest ocean on Earth

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Science China Earth Sciences 2025年第1期68卷 185-194页

作者： Junwei CAO Jiahua WANG Hongge ZHANG Junhao DENG Binbin pan Jiawang CHEN Li ZHANG Jiasong FANG College of Oceanography and Ecological Science Shanghai Ocean University Ocean College Zhejiang University Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology

Microbial ectoenzymes play essential roles in the transformation and mineralization of organic matter in the ***, conventional methods for measuring microbial ectoenzyme activities(MEAs) in the deep ocean under atmospheric conditions can misrepresent the metabolic activities of indigenous microbial communities. To overcome this limitation, we measured the activities of three microbial ectoenzymes(aminopeptidase, α-glucosidase, and β-glucosidase) under both atmospheric and in situ pressure conditions in seawater collected using pressure-retaining and non-pressure-retaining samplers in the Challenger Deep, Mariana Trench. In the case of aminopeptidase and α-glucosidase, the highest isobaric MEAs were observed in the surface layer(50 m), followed by those at abyssopelagic depths(4,000–6,000 m) for aminopeptidase, hadal realm(10,903 m)for α-glucosidase, while β-glucosidase activity exhibited the highest value at 10,903 m. Furthermore, the isobaric MEAs in hadal waters were commonly found to be higher than the decompressed counterparts, highlighting the importance of pressure-retaining sampling and isobaric enzymatic assays. The half-saturation constant(Km) showed a general decreasing trend with depth,suggesting that the deep ocean microbes might have adapted to the high-pressure and oligotrophic environment by increasing their ectoenzyme's affinity to substrate. Furthermore, particle-free MEAs contribute more to the total MEAs in the deep ocean than particle-associated MEAs, suggesting the significance of cell-associated and dissolved ectoenzymes in ocean *** study provides a foundation for future investigations of MEAs in the ocean and has important implications for understanding the dynamics of microbially mediated biogeochemical cycling in marine ecosystems.

关键词： Pressure-retaining sampling Microbial ectoenzyme activity Deep-sea microbes High pressure Mariana Trench

Co-production of hydrogen, oxygen, and electricity via an integrated solar-driven system with decoupled water electrolyzer and Na-Zn ion battery

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2025年第1期100卷 621-627页

作者： Fei Lv Longjie Liu Jiazhe Wu Pengfei Wang Lixia pan Dengwei Jing Yubin Chen International Research Center for Renewable Energy State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering Xi'an Jiaotong University

Combining water electrolysis and rechargeable battery technologies into a single system holds great promise for the co-production of hydrogen （H2） and ***,the design and development of such systems is still in its ***,an integrated hydrogen-oxygen （O2）-electricity co-production system featuring a bipolar membrane-assisted decoupled electrolyzer and a Na-Zn ion battery was established with sodium nickelhexacyanoferrate （NaNiHCF） and Zn2+/Zn as dual redox *** decoupled electrolyzer enables to produce H2and O2in different time and space with almost 100%Faradaic efficiency at 100 mA ***,the charged NaNiHCF and Zn electrodes after the electrolysis processes formed a Na-Zn ion battery,which can generate electricity with an average cell voltage of 1.75 V at 10 m A *** connecting Si photovoltaics with the modular electrochemical device,a well-matched solar driven system was built to convert the intermittent solar energy into hydrogen and electric energy with a solar to hydrogen-electricity efficiency of 16.7%,demonstrating the flexible storage and conversion of renewables.

关键词： Hydrogen Electricity Decoupled water electrolyzer Na-Zn ion battery Solar energy

Energy management strategy that optimizes battery degradation for electric vehicles with hybrid energy storage system

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Science China Technological Sciences 2025年

作者： Jian WANG Chaofeng pan Zhongxing LI School of Automotive and Traffic Engineering Jiangsu University Automotive Engineering Research Institute Jiangsu University

The short life of electric vehicle (EV) batteries is an important factor limiting the popularization of EVs. A hybrid energy storage system (HESS) for EVs combines Li-ion batteries with supercapacitors, so that the supercapacitor shares the peak power during the starting and braking, effectively solving the problem of irreversible capacity degradation of Li-ion batteries. Herein, an energy management strategy for HESS was designed based on battery degradation to extend the service life of the EV battery. First, to obtain accurate battery degradation characteristics, a cycling charge–discharge test was *** this test, the effects of discharge rate and state of charge on battery degradation rate were determined, and the battery degradation model was constructed. Based on the working map of the motor obtained through the bench test, a data-based model of the power system was constructed to accurately characterize the energy consumption of the EV under different operating conditions. Second, rule-based and optimization-based energy management strategies that consider battery degradation were designed using the fuzzy algorithm and dynamic programming (DP) algorithm. The effectiveness of the devised control strategies was assessed using the model-in-the-loop and hardware-in-the-loop test platforms. The fuzzy control strategy had a simple structure and could be rapidly calculated but showed worse performance than the DP-based strategy in terms of battery degradation. The DP-based energy management strategy resulted in 16.68%lower capacity degradation than the fuzzy strategy.

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油墨粘度对卷对卷印刷有机光活性层的油墨转移速率和薄膜缺陷的影响机理

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Science China Materials 2024年第8期67卷 2600-2610页

作者：刘媛琪王振国潘雅琴刘天宇张亚宾张青莫黎昕骆群马昌期 Beijing Engineering Research Center of Printed Electronics Beijing Institute of Graphic CommunicationBeijing 102600China i-Lab&Printable Electronics Research Center Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-BionicsChinese Academy of Sciences(CAS)Suzhou 215123China Vacuum Interconnected Nanotech Workstation(Nano-X) Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics of Chinese Academy of Sciences(CAS)Suzhou 215123China

卷对卷(R2R)凹版印刷具有高的边缘分辨率、可图案化、高加工速度等优势,是制备大面积柔性有机太阳能电池(FOSCs)的一种可行技术.有机光活性层的薄膜质量是决定有机太阳能电池器件性能的关键.对于凹版印刷过程而言,墨水的转移是影响印刷... 详细信息

卷对卷(R2R)凹版印刷具有高的边缘分辨率、可图案化、高加工速度等优势,是制备大面积柔性有机太阳能电池(FOSCs)的一种可行技术.有机光活性层的薄膜质量是决定有机太阳能电池器件性能的关键.对于凹版印刷过程而言,墨水的转移是影响印刷薄膜厚度和质量的关键.本文深入研究了有机光活性层的墨水粘度对墨水转移率和薄膜缺陷的影响.我们开发了紫外可见光谱法,量化凹版印刷过程中墨水的转移率.通过对墨水的流变行为分析、流体动力学模拟和实验验证,深入研究了油墨粘度与油墨转移率、膜厚和膜均匀性之间的关系.结果表明,油墨粘度约为25 m Pa·s是R2R凹版印刷有机光活性层薄膜的适合粘度.通过对油墨配方的优化,我们制备了全R2R印刷FOSCs,其中1 cm^(2);电池的效率超过12%.

关键词：凹版印刷油墨粘度油墨转移率有机太阳能电池油墨配方紫外可见光谱法流体动力学模拟活性层

Rough singular integrals associated to surfaces of revolution on product spaces

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Acta Mathematica Sinica,English Series 2025年

作者： Hussain AL-QASSEM Leslie CHENG Yibiao pan Mathematics Program Department of Mathematics Statistics and Physics College of Arts and Sciences Qatar University Department of Mathematics Bryn Mawr College Department of Mathematics University of Pittsburgh

We study the Lpboundedness of singular integral operators along surfaces of revolution on product spaces. The Lpboundedness for these operators are obtained under very weak conditions on kernels. Our results are new and they improve several previously known results. Furthermore, they are natural extensions of many known results on singular integrals in the one-parameter setting and they subsume many other corresponding results on the product space setting.

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Stiffness-tunable biomaterials provide a good extracellular matrix environment for axon growth and regeneration

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第5期20卷 1364-1376页

作者： Ronglin Han Lanxin Luo Caiyan Wei Yaru Qiao Jiming Xie Xianchao pan Juan Xing Department of Pathophysiology School of Basic Medical SciencesSouthwest Medical UniversityLuzhouSichuan ProvinceChina Department of Medicinal Chemistry School of PharmacySouthwest Medical UniversityLuzhouSichuan ProvinceChina

Neuronal growth, extension, branching, and formation of neural networks are markedly influenced by the extracellular matrix—a complex network composed of proteins and carbohydrates secreted by cells. In addition to providing physical support for cells, the extracellular matrix also conveys critical mechanical stiffness cues. During the development of the nervous system, extracellular matrix stiffness plays a central role in guiding neuronal growth, particularly in the context of axonal extension, which is crucial for the formation of neural networks. In neural tissue engineering, manipulation of biomaterial stiffness is a promising strategy to provide a permissive environment for the repair and regeneration of injured nervous tissue. Recent research has fine-tuned synthetic biomaterials to fabricate scaffolds that closely replicate the stiffness profiles observed in the nervous system. In this review, we highlight the molecular mechanisms by which extracellular matrix stiffness regulates axonal growth and regeneration. We highlight the progress made in the development of stiffness-tunable biomaterials to emulate in vivo extracellular matrix environments, with an emphasis on their application in neural repair and regeneration, along with a discussion of the current limitations and future prospects. The exploration and optimization of the stiffness-tunable biomaterials has the potential to markedly advance the development of neural tissue engineering.

关键词： alginate axon growth biomaterials extracellular matrix neural repair neurons neuroregeneration polyacrylamide polydimethylsiloxane stiffness

Characterization of ultraviolet communication in a mixed aerosol environment

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Optoelectronics Letters 2025年第2期21卷 77-84页

作者： ZHAO Taifei SUN Yuxin WANG Wuxin ZHANG Haijun pan Feixiang WU Hao Artificial Intelligence Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province Sichuan University of Science & Engineering Faculty of Automation and Information Engineering Xi'an University of Technology

Wireless ultraviolet (UV) has strong scattering characteristics and can communicate through non-direct *** UV signals are transmitted in the atmosphere,they are affected by the absorption and scattering effects of atmospheric particles and atmospheric turbulence,resulting in attenuation of UV signal energy and reduced reliability of the communication *** paper focuses on the channel model of UV non-direct-view single scattering communication,and simulates and analyzes the communication characteristics of UV light in atmospheric turbulence and mixed aerosol environment under horizontal,vertical and oblique range communication *** results show that at equal relative humidity,the wireless UV non-directive scattering communication performance for vertical communication scenarios is more affected by the mixed aerosol environment and the communication performance is worse.

关键词： Atmospheric turbulence

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颌面部的急诊整形外科处理

实用医技杂志 2007年第16期14卷 2205-2206页

作者：潘焕丽潘亚琴王锦华薛海峰运城市急救中心山西运城044000 运城市中心医院山西运城044000

目的:探索应用整形外科原则和技术,处理颌面部皮肤软组织创伤的方法和经验。方法:对创伤严格清创,据创面情况选择适当的整形外科原则和技术进行处理伴组织缺损的创面应用组织移植方法进行修复,包括皮片、皮瓣移植等常用的整形外科技术,... 详细信息

目的:探索应用整形外科原则和技术,处理颌面部皮肤软组织创伤的方法和经验。方法:对创伤严格清创,据创面情况选择适当的整形外科原则和技术进行处理伴组织缺损的创面应用组织移植方法进行修复,包括皮片、皮瓣移植等常用的整形外科技术,不伴组织缺损的普通裂伤应用整形外科精细缝合法关闭伤口。结果:本组共180例患者,168例伤口Ⅰ期愈合,无明显瘢痕增生,无功能障碍,不需要Ⅱ期修复,美容效果良好。结论:应用整形外科基本原则和技术处理颌面部急性软组织创伤,可获得满意的美容效果,值得推广应用。

关键词：软组织创伤整形外科技术修复

Construction of 3D porous Cu_(1.81)S/nitrogen-doped carbon frameworks for ultrafast and long-cycle life sodium-ion storage

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International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials 2025年第1期32卷 191-200页

作者： Chen Chen Hongyu Xue Qilin Hu Mengfan Wang pan Shang Ziyan Liu Tao Peng Deyang Zhang Yongsong Luo Key Laboratory of Microelectronics and Energy of Henan Province Henan Joint International Research Laboratory of New Energy Storage TechnologyCollege of Physics and Electronic EngineeringXinyang Normal UniversityXinyang 464000China School of Physics and Electronic Engineering Nanyang Normal UniversityNanyang 473061China

Transition metal sulfides have great potential as anode mterials for sodium-ion batteries(SIBs)due to their high theoretical specific ***,the inferior intrinsic conductivity and large volume variation during sodiation-desodiation processes seriously affect its high-rate and long-cyde performance,unbeneficial for the application as fast-charging and long-cycling SIBs ***,the three-dimensional porous Cu_(1.81)S/nitrogen-doped carbon frameworks(Cu_(1.81)S/NC)are synthesized by the simple and facile sol-gel and annealing processes,which can accommodate the volumetric expansion of Cu_(1.81)S nanoparticles and accelerate the transmission of ions and electrons during Na^(+)insertion/extraction processes,exhibiting the excellent rate capability(250.6 mA·g^(-1)at 20.0 A·g^(-1))and outstanding cycling stability(70% capacity retention for 6000 cycles at 10.0 A·g^(-1))for ***,the Na-ion full cells coupled with Na_(3)V_(2)(PO_(4))_(3)/C cathode also demonstrate the satisfactory reversible specific capacity of 330.5 mAh·g^(-1)at 5.0 A·g^(-1)and long-cycle performance with the 86.9% capacity retention at 2.0 A·g^(-1)after 750 *** work proposes a promising way for the conversionbased metal sulfides for the applications as fast-charging sodium-ion battery anode.

关键词： copper sulfide nanoparticles porous carbon framework fast charging long-cycle performance sodium-ion full batteries