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Health benefits from the rapid reduction in ambient exposure to air pollutants after China's clean air actions:progress in efficacy and geographic equality

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National Science Review 2024年第2期11卷 103-113页

作者： Tao Xue Ruohan Wang Meng Wang Yanying Wang Dan tong Xia Meng Conghong Huang Siqi Ai Fangzhou Li Jingyuan Cao Mingkun tong Xueqiu Ni Hengyi Liu Jianyu Deng Hong Lu Wei Wan Jicheng Gong Shiqiu Zhang tong Zhu Institute of Reproductive and Child Health National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health/Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Epidemiology of Major Diseases(PKU) School of Public Health Peking University Health Science Centre State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Exposure and Health Risk Management and Center for Environment and Health Peking University Advanced Institute of Information Technology Peking University Department of Epidemiology and Environmental Health School of Public Health and Health ProfessionsUniversity at Buffalo State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control College of Environmental Sciences and EngineeringPeking University Department of Earth System Science Tsinghua University School of Public Health Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety of the Ministry of Education and Key Laboratory of Health Technology Assessment of the Ministry of HealthFudan University College of Land Management Nanjing Agricultural University National&Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Rural Land Resources Use and Consolidation Clean Air Asia

Clean air actions （CAAs） in China have been linked to considerable benefits in public ***,whether the beneficial effects of CAAs are equally distributed geographically is *** high-resolution maps of the distributions of major air pollutants (fine particulate matter[PM2.5]and ozone[O3]) and population,we aimed to track spatiotemporal changes in health impacts from,and geographic inequality embedded in,the reduced exposures to PM2.5and O3from 2013 to *** used a method established by the Global Burden of Diseases *** analyzing the changes in loss of life expectancy（LLE） attributable to PM2.5and O3,we calculated the gain of life expectancy （GLE） to quantify the health benefits of the air-quality ***,we assessed the geographic inequality embedded in the GLE using the Gini index （GI）.Based on risk assessments of PM2.5and O3,during the first stage of CAAs（2013 to 2017）,the mean GLE was 1.87 *** of the sum of the GLE was disproportionally distributed in about one quarter of the population exposed （GI 0.44）.During the second stage of CAAs（2017 to 2020）,the mean GLE increased to 3.94 months and geographic inequality decreased （GI 0.18）.According to our assessments,CAAs were enhanced,from the first to second stages,in terms of not only preventing premature mortality but also ameliorating health *** enhancements were related to increased sensitivity to the health effects of air pollution and synergic control of PM2.5and *** findings will contribute to optimizing future CAAs.

关键词： clean air action public health inequality fine particulate matter ozone

Peptides: Opening the door

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Molecular Plant 2024年第1期17卷 8-10页

作者： Zongcheng Lin Ke Jin Noni Franklin-tong National Key Laboratory for Germplasm Innovation&Utilization of Horticultural Crops College of Horticulture and Forestry SciencesHuazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhan 430070China Hubei Hongshan Laboratory Wuhan 430070China School of Biosciences College of Life and Environmental SciencesUniversity of BirminghamEdgbastonBirmingham B152TTUK

Interspecific isolation is a common mechanism adopted by plants to prevent gene flow between diverged species,thus maintaining species genetic ***,from a plant breeder's perspective,hybridization is desirable,as it can provide a wider range of agriculturally important traits for crop improvement(Tonosaki et al.,2016).Although significant progress has been made in recent years in our understanding of some key factors controlling pollen-pistil interactions within species,we still know virtually nothing about the genetic and molecular basis underlying interspecific incompatibility.

关键词： traits breed nothing

Multi-scale detector optimized for small target

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Optoelectronics Letters 2024年第4期20卷 243-248页

作者： ZHU Yongchang YANG Sen tong Jigang WANG Zenghui School of Electrical Engineering and Automation Tianjin University of TechnologyTianjin 300384China Center of Artificial Intelligence and Data Science University of South AfricaFlorida 1709South Africa Department of Electrical Engineering University of South AfricaFlorida 1709South Africa

The effectiveness of deep learning networks in detecting small objects is limited,thereby posing challenges in addressing practical object detection *** this research,we propose a small object detection model that operates at multiple *** model incorporates a multi-level bidirectional pyramid structure,which integrates deep and shallow networks to simultaneously preserve intricate local details and augment global ***,a dedicated multi-scale detection head is integrated into the model,specifically designed to capture crucial information pertaining to small *** comprehensive experimentation,we have achieved promising results,wherein our proposed model exhibits a mean average precision(mAP)that surpasses that of the well-established you only look once version 7(YOLOv7)model by 1.1%.These findings validate the improved performance of our model in both conventional and small object detection scenarios.

关键词： networks details thereby

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Topology optimization of modular structures with multiple assemblies and applications to airborne shelves

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Chinese Journal of Aeronautics 2024年第4期37卷 321-332页

作者： Jie WANG tong GAO Ming LI Jihong ZHU Longlong SONG Weihong ZHANG State IJR Center of Aerospace Design and Additive Manufacturing Northwestern Polytechnical UniversityXi’an 710072China Beijing Specialized Machinery Institute Beijing 100143China

This work is devoted to the aeronautical application of topology optimization for modular structures with multiple assemblies that consist of repeated standard modules and optional *** kinds of structures are widely used owing to their transportability,reconfigurability,low manufacturing and service *** this work,the design of airborne shelves with modular structures characterized by the standard module configuration is formulated for the first time as a topology optimization problem of multiple assemblies and multiple load cases subjected to the volume *** is shown that the weighted compliance design of multiple assemblies is a compromising solution compared to the optimization result of each individual assembly of standard ***,the performance of optimized airborne shelves with the modular structures can effectively be ameliorated with the help of reinforcements.

关键词： Topology optimization Modular structures Multiple assemblies Standard modules Airborne shelves

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Dynamic Location Method for Shallow Ocean Bottom Nodes Using the Levenberg-Marquart Algorithm

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Journal of Ocean University of China 2024年第4期23卷 953-960页

作者： tong Siyou LI Junjie XU Xiugang FANG Yunfen WANG Zhongcheng Key Laboratory of Submarine Geosciences and Prospecting Techniques MOEOcean University of ChinaQingdao 266100China Laboratory for Marine Mineral Resources Qingdao Marine Science and Technology CenterQingdao 266237China R&D Center of BGP CNPCZhuozhou 072751China Insitute of Shengli Oilfield SINOPECDongying 257022China

Ocean bottom node(OBN)data acquisition is the main development direction of marine seismic exploration;it is widely promoted,especially in shallow sea ***,the OBN receivers may move several times because they are easily affected by tides,currents,and other factors in the shallow sea environment during long-term *** uncorrected,then the imaging quality of subsequent processing will be *** conventional secondary positioning does not consider the case of multiple movements of the receivers,and the accuracy of secondary positioning is *** first arrival wave of OBN seismic data in shallow ocean mainly comprises refracted *** this study,a nonlinear model is established in accordance with the propagation mechanism of a refracted wave and its relationship with the time interval curve to realize the accurate location of multiple receiver *** addition,the Levenberg-Marquart algorithm is used to reduce the influence of the first arrival pickup error and to automatically detect the receiver movements,identifying the accurate dynamic relocation of the *** simulation and field data show that the proposed method can realize the dynamic location of multiple receiver movements,thereby improving the accuracy of seismic imaging and achieving high practical value.

关键词： OBN dynamic location method Levenberg-Marquart algorithm seismic exploration of shallow sea

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Recent advances in age-related metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2024年第7期30卷 652-662页

作者： Qian-Jun He Yi-Fei Li Ling-tong Zhao Chun-tong Lin Chun-Yan Yu Dan Wang College of Basic Medicine Beihua UniversityJilin 132013Jilin ProvinceChina Department of Traumatic Surgery Jilin Central HospitalJilin 132001Jilin ProvinceChina

Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease(MASLD)affects approximately 25%of the world's population and has become a leading cause of chronic liver *** recent years,an increasing amount of data suggests that MASLD is associated with *** the population ages,age-related MASLD will become a major global health *** an aging will become a new approach to the treatment of *** paper reviews the current studies on the role of aging-related factors and therapeutic targets in MASLD,including:Oxidative stress,autophagy,mitochondrial homeostasis,bile acid metabolism homeostasis,and *** aim is to identify effective therapeutic targets for age-related MASLD and its progression.

关键词： Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease Aging Mitochondrial homeostasis Bile acid homeostasis Dysbiosis

Effect of Three-High Rotary Piercing Process on Microstructure,Texture and Mechanical Properties of Magnesium Alloy Seamless Tube

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Acta Metallurgica Sinica(English Letters) 2024年第6期37卷 953-968页

作者： Xiaofeng Ding Zehao Wu tong Li Jianxun Chen Yuanhua Shuang Baosheng Liu Heavy Machinery Engineering Research Center of Education Ministry Taiyuan University of Science and TechnologyTaiyuan030024China College of Materials Science and Engineering Taiyuan University of Science and TechnologyTaiyuan030024China

Mg alloy seamless tubes(MASTs)were prepared through three-high rotary piercing process,effect of billet temperature,feed angle and plug advance on microstructure,texture and mechanical properties of tubes were *** effect on the deformation mechanism and improving mechanical properties mechanism of this process for MASTs were *** results show that the grain size could be refined to 11.3-31.1%of the initial grain size and the microstructure was more uniform due to the accumulation of *** formation of high strain gradient at the grain boundary activated the non-basal *** piercing process could change the grain orientation of as-extruded billet and eliminate the initial basal texture to produce new favorable *** the process could accelerate the continuous dynamic recrystallization *** piercing,yield strength of pierced tubes decreased by 6.7%,ultimate tensile strength(UTS)and elongation increased by 32.4 and 45%,respectively,at optimal *** plate-shapedβ_(1)-Mg_(17)Al_(12) orientation transformed from basal plates to prismatic plates,facilitating the increase in UTS and *** decrease size of nanoscale precipitates could reduce the cracking *** critical resolved shear stress ratios of pyramidal(10−11)slip and(11−22)slip to basal slip for the sample including prismatic plates both decreased compared to that including basal *** could enhance the ductility of tube ***,grain boundary sliding could contribute to a better ductility via coordinating deformation and reducing stress concentration during piercing process.

关键词： Mg alloy tube Rotary piercing Microstructure Texture Mechanical properties

Exercise-with-melatonin therapy improves sleep disorder and motor dysfunction in a rat model of ischemic stroke

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第6期19卷 1336-1343页

作者： Haitao Zhao tong Zhang Haojie Zhang Yunlei Wang Lingna Cheng School of Rehabilitation Medicine Capital Medical University Department of Neurological Rehabilitation Beijing Bo'ai Hospital China Rehabilitation Research Center 3. School of Rehabilitation Medicine University of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences 4. Laboratory of Brain Injury Repair and Rehabilitation China Rehabilitation Science Institute

Exercise-with-melatonin therapy has complementary and synergistic effects on spinal cord injury and Alzheimer’s disease, but its effect on stroke is still poorly understood. In this study, we established a rat model of ischemic stroke by occluding the middle cerebral artery for 60 minutes. We treated the rats with exercise and melatonin therapy for 7 consecutive days. Results showed that exercise-with-melatonin therapy significantly prolonged sleep duration in the model rats, increased delta power values, and regularized delta power rhythm. Additionally, exercise-with-melatonin therapy improved coordination, endurance, and grip strength, as well as learning and memory abilities. At the same time, it led to higher hippocampal CA1 neuron activity and postsynaptic density thickness and lower expression of glutamate receptor 2 than did exercise or melatonin therapy alone. These findings suggest that exercise-withmelatonin therapy can alleviate sleep disorder and motor dysfunction by increasing glutamate receptor 2 protein expression and regulating hippocampal CA1 synaptic plasticity.

关键词： exercise glutamate receptor 2 hippocampus ischemic stroke learning melatonin memory sleep disorder synaptic plasticity

Study of poly-disperse aerosols deposition in turbulent flow with different Reynolds numbers

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Particuology 2024年第6期89卷 32-43页

作者： Zhichao Gao Yongzheng Chen Dandi Zhang Peng Chen Lili tong Xuewu Cao School of Mechanical Engineering Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai200240China China Nuclear Power Technology Research Institute Co. Ltd.Shenzhen518000China

The turbulent deposition mechanism is one of the main mechanisms of aerosol deposition in nuclear power plant *** experimental study of poly-disperse aerosol deposition in a horizontal tube is conducted,where the nominal Reynolds number(Re)is in a range of 3600–200,*** aerosol deposition velocity first increases and then decreases with the increase of Res,and at high Re,particle rebound occurs during aerosol deposition in the *** the Re is low,the aerosol deposition velocity increases with the increase of aerosol *** the Re is greater than 60,000,the deposition velocity first increases and then decreases with the increase of aerosol diameter due to particle surface rebound.A new aerosol deposition model has been developed by establishing the energy conservation equation of the rebounded particles in the viscous *** calculated results of the new model are in good agreement with these experimental results,and the error between the aerosol deposition velocity calculated by the model and experimental results is between−60%and 150%.

关键词： Aerosol Turbulent deposition Rebound High Reynolds number