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Wheat silage partially replacing oaten hay exhibited greater feed efficiency and fibre digestion despite low feed intake by feedlot lambs

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Animal Nutrition 2023年第4期15卷 332-340页

作者： Zhao-Yang Cui wen-Juan Li Wei-Kang Wang Qi-Chao Wu yao-wen jiang Ailiyasi Aisikaer Fan Zhang He-Wei Chen Hong-Jian Yang State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition College of Animal Science and TechnologyChina Agricultural UniversityBeijing 100193China

This study aimed to investigate the feeding effect of wheat silage on growth performance,nutrient digestibility,rumen fermentation,and microbiota composition in feedlot ***-four male crossbred Chinese Han lambs(BW=27.8±0.67 kg,3 months of age)were randomly assigned to four ration groups with wheat silage replacing 0%(WS0),36%(WS36),64%(WS64),and 100%(WS100)of oaten hay on forage dry matter *** concentrate-to-forage ratio was 80:20 and the feeding trial lasted 52 *** wheat silage inclusion linearly decreased dry matter intake by 4%to 27%(P<0.01).However,increasing the wheat silage replacement of oaten hay by no more than 64%improved the feed efficiency by 14%as noted by the feed-to-gain ratio(P=0.04).Apparent digestibility of organic matter(P<0.01),neutral detergent fibre(P=0.04)and acid detergent fibre(P<0.01)quadratically *** nitrogen(P=0.01)decreased while microbial protein production(P<0.01)increased with the increase of wheat silage *** volatile fatty acids concentration increased quadratically with the increase of wheat silage inclusion(P<0.01),and the highest occurred in *** molar proportion of acetate(P<0.01)and acetate-to-propionate ratio(P=0.04)decreased while butyrate(P<0.01)and isovalerate(P=0.04)*** wheat silage inclusion increased the Firmicutes-toBacteroidota ratio by 226%to 357%,resulting in Firmicutes instead of Bacteroidota being the most abundant *** relative abundance of cellulolytic Ruminococcus numerically increased but that of amylolytic Prevotella(P<0.01)decreased as increasing wheat silage *** together,increasing wheat silage replacement of oaten hay by no more than 64%exhibited greater feed efficiency and fibre digestion despite low feed intake by feedlot lambs due to the change of Firmicutes-to-Bacteroidota ratio in the rumen.

关键词： Wheat silage Oaten hay Growth performance Nutrient digestibility Rumen fermentation Feedlot lamb

Glycolytic dysregulation in Alzheimer's disease:unveiling new avenues for understanding pathogenesis and improving therapy

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第8期20卷 2264-2278页

作者： You Wu Lijie Yang Wanrong jiang Xinyuan Zhang Zhaohui yao Department of Geriatrics Renmin Hospital of Wuhan UniversityWuhanHubei ProvinceChina

Alzheimer's disease poses a significant global health challenge owing to the progressive cognitive decline of patients and absence of curative *** current therapeutic strategies,primarily based on cholinesterase inhibitors and N-methyl-Daspartate receptor antagonists,offer limited symptomatic relief without halting disease progression,highlighting an urgent need for novel research directions that address the key mechanisms underlying Alzheimer's *** studies have provided insights into the critical role of glycolysis,a fundamental energy metabolism pathway in the brain,in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's *** in glycolytic processes within neurons and glial cells,including microglia,astrocytes,and oligodendrocytes,have been identified as significant contributors to the pathological landscape of Alzheimer's *** changes impact neuronal health and function,thus offering promising targets for therapeutic *** purpose of this review is to consolidate current knowledge on the modifications in glycolysis associated with Alzheimer's disease and explore the mechanisms by which these abnormalities contribute to disease onset and *** focus on the pathways through which glycolytic dysfunction influences Alzheimer's disease pathology should provide insights into potential therapeutic targets and strategies that pave the way for groundbreaking treatments,emphasizing the importance of understanding metabolic processes in the quest for clarification and management of Alzheimer's disease.

关键词： Alzheimer’s disease glial cells glycolysis neuronal metabolism pathogenesis therapeutic targets

The gut-eye axis:from brain neurodegenerative diseases to age-related macular degeneration

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第10期20卷 2741-2757页

作者： Qianzi Jin Suyu Wang Yujia yao Qin jiang Keran Li Department of Ophthalmology The Affiliated Eye Hospital of Nanjing Medical UniversityNanjingJiangsu ProvinceChina The Fourth School of Clinical Medicine Nanjing Medical UniversityNanjingJiangsu ProvinceChina

Age-related macular degeneration is a serious neurodegenerative disease of the retina that significantly impacts ***,the specific pathogenesis remains unclear,and effective early treatment options are consequently *** microbiome is defined as a large ecosystem of microorganisms living within and coexisting with a *** intestinal microbiome undergoes dynamic changes owing to age,diet,genetics,and other *** dysregulation of the intestinal flora can disrupt the microecological balance,resulting in immunological and metabolic dysfunction in the host,and affecting the development of many *** recent decades,significant evidence has indicated that the intestinal flora also influences systems outside of the digestive tract,including the ***,several studies have demonstrated the critical role of the gut-brain axis in the development of brain neurodegenerative diseases,including Alzheimer’s disease and Parkinson’s ***,the role of the“gut-eye axis”has been confirmed to play a role in the pathogenesis of many ocular ***,age-related macular degeneration and many brain neurodegenerative diseases have been shown to share several risk factors and to exhibit comparable *** such,the intestinal flora may play an important role in age-related macular *** the above context,the present review aims to clarify the gut-brain and gut-eye connections,assess the effect of intestinal flora and metabolites on age-related macular degeneration,and identify potential diagnostic markers and therapeutic ***,direct research on the role of intestinal flora in age-related macular degeneration is still relatively limited,while studies focusing solely on intestinal flora are insufficient to fully elucidate its functional role in age-related macular ***-on-a-chip technology has shown promise in clarifying the gut-eye interactions,while integrating analysis of the inte

关键词： age-related macular degeneration biological agents blinding eye disease dietary nutrition fecal microbial transplantation gut-eye axis intestinal flora metabolite microecology neurodegenerative disease

Mitochondrion-and nucleus-acting polymeric nanoagents for chemo-photothermal combination therapy

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Science China Materials 2020年第5期63卷 851-863页

作者： Xiaoyang Liu Hao-Ran Jia Ya-Xuan Zhu Ge Gao yao-wen jiang Xiaotong Cheng Ke-Fei Xu Xin-Wang Yu Fu-Gen Wu State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics School of Biological Science and Medical EngineeringSoutheast UniversityNanjing 210096China

Developing intrinsically mitochondria-targetable nanosystems for subcellular structure-oriented precise cancer therapy is highly ***,we conjugate the cluster determinant 44(CD44)-targetable hyaluronic acid(HA)with cholesterol-poly(ethylene glycol)2 k-NH2 and mitochondria-acting IR825-NH2(a cyanine dye)to construct a self-assembled nanostructure(abbreviated as HA-IR825-Chol)for photothermal *** HA-IR825-Chol exhibits improved photostability and desirable photothermal properties,and can rapidly and substantially enter CD44-overexpressed cancer cells and selectively accumulate in the mitochondria of the *** near-infrared laser irradiation,it can induce severe mitochondrial damage,which causes cytochrome c release and triggers cell ***,we demonstrate the feasibility of loading the chemotherapeutics 10-hydroxycamptothecin(HCPT)into the hydrophobic cores of HA-IR825-Chol NPs for combined chemophotothermal *** encapsulated within HA-IR825-Chol achieves significantly increased cellular uptake and simultaneous mitochondrial and nuclear localization,leading to the release of cytochrome c from mitochondria and upregulation of cleaved caspase-3,both of which contribute to the cell apoptosis/*** vivo experiments reveal the excellent tumor-targeting ability of HA-IR825-Chol/HCPT,ensuring the efficient tumor eradication by the chemo-photothermal *** work exemplifies the development of an intrinsically mitochondria-targetable nanocarrier for precise subcellular structure-localized drug delivery,and the Chol-mediated rapid and massive endocytosis of the nanoagents may represent a robust strategy for enhancing the efficacies of nanomedicines.

关键词： combination cancer therapy drug delivery apoptotic pathway cytochrome c mitochondrial targeting

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某中学一起肺结核爆发流行的调查研究

疾病监测与控制 2011年第2期5卷 79-80页

作者：姚文江锡林郭勒盟疾病预防制控中心内蒙古锡林浩特026000

目的加大学校的结核病防治知识的宣传,提高师生的结核病防治知晓率,降低肺结核在学校的传播。方法采用描述流行病学的方法,对某中学发生的一次结核病疫情进行分析研究。结果本次事件为结核病爆发事件,复治涂阳患者为传染源。结论学校的... 详细信息

目的加大学校的结核病防治知识的宣传,提高师生的结核病防治知晓率,降低肺结核在学校的传播。方法采用描述流行病学的方法,对某中学发生的一次结核病疫情进行分析研究。结果本次事件为结核病爆发事件,复治涂阳患者为传染源。结论学校的结核病防治工作不容忽视,尤其是高三学生的预防更为主要。学生时期形成的卫生习惯和生活方式,会对他们一生的行为产生深远的影响。学生还可以对家长进行结核病防治知识的宣传,然后向家庭和社区辐射,从而提高当地结核病防治知识的知晓率,促进不良行为的改变,对预防结核病的发生可产生较大的影响。因此在学校开展结核病健康促进活动不但可以有效地预防青少年学生发生结核病,同时也可对全社会的结核病预防控制工作发挥重要的作用。

关键词：肺结核爆发流行调查分析

Impacts of the annual cycle of background SST in the tropical Pacific on the phase and amplitude of ENSO

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Atmospheric and Oceanic Science Letters 2025年第1期18卷 12-17页

作者： Song jiang Congwen Zhu Ning jiang State Key Laboratory of Severe Weather(LASW) Chinese Academy of Meteorological SciencesBeijingChina College of Earth and Planetary Sciences University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina

The dominant annual cycle of sea surface temperature(SST)in the tropical Pacific exhibits an antisymmetric mode,which explains 83.4%total variance,and serves as a background of El Niño-Southern Oscillation(ENSO).However,there is no consensus yet on its anomalous impacts on the phase and amplitude of *** on data during 1982-2022,results show that anomalies of the antisymmetric mode can affect the evolution of ENSO on the interannual scale via Bjerknes feedback,in which the positive(negative)phase of the antisymmetric mode can strengthen El Niño(La Niña)in boreal winter via an earlier(delayed)seasonal cycle transition and larger(smaller)annual *** magnitude of the SST anomalies in the equatorial eastern Pacific can reach more than±0.3◦C,regulated by the changes in the antisymmetric mode based on random sensitivity *** reveal the spatial pattern of the annual cycle associated with the seasonal phase-locking of ENSO evolution and provide new insight into the impact of the annual cycle of background SST on ENSO,which possibly carries important implications for forecasting ENSO.

关键词： Annual cycle SST anomaly Antisymmetric mode ENSO

Deciphering fungal metabolon coupling tandem inverse-electrondemand Diels-Alder reaction and semipinacol rearrangement for the biosynthesis of spiro polycyclic alkaloids

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Science China Chemistry 2025年第01期 288-296页

作者： Shuai Liu wen-Qiang Xu Ying-Tong Di Man-Cheng Tang Ding-Kang Chen Ming-Ming Cao yao-wen Chang Hong-Yu Tang Chun-Mao Yuan Jun-Bo Yang Zhi-Li Zuo Han Guo Zi-Fei Xu Ying Zeng Yun-Dong Wu Xiao-jiang Hao Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Natural Medicines (Chinese Academy of Sciences) Kunming Institute of Botany Chinese Academy of Sciences University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Lab of Computational Chemistry and Drug Design State Key Laboratory of Chemical Oncogenomics Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School Shenzhen Bay Laboratory State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism School of Life Sciences & Biotechnology Shanghai Jiao Tong University State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants Guizhou Medical University Molecular Biology Experimental Center Germplasm Bank of Wild Species in Southwest China Kunming Institute of Botany Chinese Academy of Sciences Yunnan Key Laboratory for Wild Plant Resources Kunming Institute of Botany Chinese Academy of Sciences Research Unit of Chemical Biology of Natural Anti-Virus Products Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences

In the intricate process of natural product biosynthesis, a metabolon can enhance metabolic flux by associating sequential enzymes. A fungal metabolon, comprising of flavin-dependent monooxygenase Spe F and P450 monooxygenase Spe G, is identified in the biosynthesis of spiro polycyclic alkaloids(+)-notoamide B and its diastereomer(+)-versicolamide B. Using notoamide E as a substance, Spe F/Spe G metabolon can control the stereoselectivity of its 2,3-epoxidation, followed by hydrogen atom ion at C-17 to generate reactive epoxide tau-m A with dienyl iminium unit. Subsequently,(+)-notoamide B and(+)-versicolamide B are produced via tandem nonenzymatic inverse-electron-demand Diels-Alder reaction and semipinacol rearrangement. This provides the first example of metabolon in the biosynthesis of spiro-prenylated indole alkaloids.

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Toward understanding the role of genomic repeat elements in neurodegenerative diseases

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第3期20卷 646-659页

作者： Zhengyu An Aidi jiang Jingqi Chen Institute of Science and Technology for Brain-Inspired Intelligence Fudan UniversityShanghaiChina MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science Fudan UniversityShanghaiChina MOE Key Laboratory of Computational Neuroscience and Brain-Inspired Intelligence Fudan UniversityShanghaiChina Zhangjiang Fudan International Innovation Center ShanghaiChina

Neurodegenerative diseases cause great medical and economic burdens for both patients and society;however, the complex molecular mechanisms thereof are not yet well understood. With the development of high-coverage sequencing technology, researchers have started to notice that genomic repeat regions, previously neglected in search of disease culprits, are active contributors to multiple neurodegenerative diseases. In this review, we describe the association between repeat element variants and multiple degenerative diseases through genome-wide association studies and targeted sequencing. We discuss the identification of disease-relevant repeat element variants, further powered by the advancement of long-read sequencing technologies and their related tools, and summarize recent findings in the molecular mechanisms of repeat element variants in brain degeneration, such as those causing transcriptional silencing or RNA-mediated gain of toxic function. Furthermore, we describe how in silico predictions using innovative computational models, such as deep learning language models, could enhance and accelerate our understanding of the functional impact of repeat element variants. Finally, we discuss future directions to advance current findings for a better understanding of neurodegenerative diseases and the clinical applications of genomic repeat elements.

关键词： Alzheimer's disease ataxia deep learning long-read sequencing neurodegeneration neurodegenerative diseases Parkinson's disease repeat element structural variant

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原发性肝细胞癌的分离分析

复旦学报（医学版） 2002年第4期29卷 272-275页

作者：蔡如琳孟炜陆鸿雁江峰沈福民林文尧姜庆五复旦大学公共卫生学院流行病学教研室上海200032 江苏省海门市卫生防疫站海门226100

目的　对海门市 10 0个原发性肝细胞癌先证者家系的遗传方式进行研究 ,探讨肝癌可能的遗传模式。方法　应用Li Mantel Gart法和SEGRANB软件进行简单分离分析 ,拟合确认概率π ,分离比 p和散发概率x。用PPAP软件进行综合分离分析 ,估计... 详细信息

目的　对海门市 10 0个原发性肝细胞癌先证者家系的遗传方式进行研究 ,探讨肝癌可能的遗传模式。方法　应用Li Mantel Gart法和SEGRANB软件进行简单分离分析 ,拟合确认概率π ,分离比 p和散发概率x。用PPAP软件进行综合分离分析 ,估计原发性肝癌可能的遗传模式。结果　Li Mantel Gart法估计的分离比为0 .10 72 46 38,95 %可信限为 0 .0 432 49～ 0 .139898。应用SEGRANB软件 ,以最大似然法拟合的确认概率为0 .2 30 330 3,分离比为 0 .1134 16 1,散发概率为 0 .46 92 795。结果提示肝癌不符合单基因遗传模式。用PPAP综合分离分析结果提示符合多主基因遗传模式 ,估计的基因频率为 3.0 96 75 1× 10 -2 。结论　原发性肝细胞癌不符合单基因遗传模式 ,伴有一定的散发病例 ,是一种多基因遗传病。

关键词：原发性肝细胞癌分离分析遗传模式