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Growth of nitrate contribution to aerosol pollution during wintertime in Xi'an,northwest China:Formation mechanism and effects of NH_(3)

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Particuology 2024年第4期87卷 303-315页

作者： Hui Su Ting Zhang Suixin Liu yao qu Huan Li Jiamao Zhou Zhuzi Zhao Qiyuan Wang Lu Li Minxia Shen Shuoyuan Chen Steven Sai Hang Ho Junji Cao State Key Laboratory of Loess and quaternary Geology.Key Laboratory ofAerosol Chemistry and Plhysics Institute of Earth EnvironmentChinese Acadery of SciencesXi'an 710061China Xi'an Institute for Innovative Earth Environment Research Xi'an 710061China National pbservation and Research Station of Regional Ecological Environment Change and Cornprehensive Management in the Guanzhong Plain Xi'an 710061China Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Atmospheric and Haze fog Pollution Prevention Institute of Earth EnvironmentChinese Academy of SciencesXi'an 710061China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering Jiangsu University of TechnologyChangzhou 213001China Division of Atmospheric Sciences Desert Research InstituteReno NV89512United States Institute of Atmospheric Physics Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100029China

With the strengthened controls on SO2 emissions and extensive increases in motor vehicles'exhaust,aerosol pollution shifts from sulfate-rich to nitrate-rich in recent years in Xi'an,*** further gain insights into the factors on nitrate formation and efficiently mitigate air pollution,highly time-resolved observations of water-soluble inorganic ions(WSIIs)in PM_(2.5) were measured in a suburban area of Xi'an,China during *** concentration of total WSIIs is 39.8μg m-3 on average,accounting for 50.3%of PM_(2.5) *** contrast to a slight decrease in the mass fraction of SO_(4)^(2-),NO_(3)-shows a sig-nificant increase of the PM_(2.5) contribution with the aggravation of aerosol *** suggests the importance of NO_(3)-formation to haze ***,homogeneous reactions govern the formation of NO_(3)-,while alkali metals such as calcium and sodium play an additional role in retaining NO_(3)-in PM_(2.5) during clean ***,the heterogeneous hydrolysis reaction contributed more to NO_(3)-formation during the pollution periods under high relative *** investigation reveals that temperature,relative humidity,oxidant,and ammonia emissions facilitate rapid NO_(3)-*** the random forest(RF)model,NO_(3)-concentrations were successfully simulated with measured variables for the training and testing datasets(R2>0.95).Among these variables,CO,NH_(3),and NO_(2) were found to be the main factors affecting the NO_(3)-*** with the period without vehicle re-striction,the contributions of NO_(3)-and NH4+to PM_(2.5) mass decreased by 5.3%and 3.4%in traffic re-striction periods,*** vehicle restriction leads to the decreases of precursor gases of NO_(2),SO_(2),and NH_(3) by 12.8%,5.9%,and 27.6%,*** results demonstrate collaborative emission reduction of NO_(x) and NH_(3) by vehicle restrictions,and using new energy vehicles(or electric vehicles)can effectively alleviate particul

关键词： PM_(2.5) Water-soluble inorganic ions Nitrate formation Excess ammonium Vehicle restrictions

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高阳煤矿矸石山生态修复治理

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能源与节能 2024年第1期 286-288,292页

作者：屈瑶山西焦煤汾西矿业环保健康管理部山西介休032000

高阳煤矿矸石场C区域存在坡面矸石自燃、堆体堆存不稳定、堆场环境污染等问题。结合现场情况提出以注浆为主、覆土为辅的防灭火技术,提出采用坡体整形、矸石场截排水、矸石场覆土措施,解决堆体不稳、雨水对坡面的冲刷等问题,并为后续植... 详细信息

高阳煤矿矸石场C区域存在坡面矸石自燃、堆体堆存不稳定、堆场环境污染等问题。结合现场情况提出以注浆为主、覆土为辅的防灭火技术,提出采用坡体整形、矸石场截排水、矸石场覆土措施,解决堆体不稳、雨水对坡面的冲刷等问题,并为后续植被种植等创造良好条件。现场应用后,矸石场C区域自燃、环境污染严重等问题得以较好解决,采取的生态恢复治理措施应用效果显著。

关键词：矸石山自燃注浆防灭火生态修复

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不同航速下SUBOFF流噪声频谱相似律研究

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舰船科学技术 2024年第5期46卷 52-58页

作者：张咏鸥瞿尧徐鑫彤武汉理工大学船海与能源动力工程学院湖北武汉430061 中国舰船研究设计中心湖北武汉430064

研究流噪声与航速关系可以有效地解决高航速水下航行器流噪声预报的难题。基于Lighthill声类比理论,研究缩尺比为1∶24的SUBOFF模型在特定航速范围内的声源特性,得到了流噪声频域结果与航速关系,给出了不同航速下基于斯特劳哈尔数和航... 详细信息

研究流噪声与航速关系可以有效地解决高航速水下航行器流噪声预报的难题。基于Lighthill声类比理论,研究缩尺比为1∶24的SUBOFF模型在特定航速范围内的声源特性,得到了流噪声频域结果与航速关系,给出了不同航速下基于斯特劳哈尔数和航速关系的流噪声频谱换算方法。研究结果表明,随着航速的提高,SUBOFF声指向性形状基本不变,低频范围内声辐射具有偶极子特性,辐射声功率的大小与航速的6次方成正比。在同一流场模型下,基于偶极子换算关系下的高航速原型预报值和大涡模拟计算值总声功率级和总声源级误差分别为1.2 dB和2.3 dB。

关键词：流噪声 SUBOFF 声源特性相似律偶极子

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京津冀协同视角下建筑类高校科技创新探讨

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科技风 2024年第23期 52-55页

作者：陈越曲垚杨偌醴于航屈峣北京未来城市设计高精尖创新中心北京100044 北京建筑大学北京100044 住房和城乡建设部科技与产业化发展中心北京100835 中国航天建设集团北京100071

京津冀协同发展已成为国家战略,区域经济建设和城乡发展对京津冀建筑类高校提出了新的机遇和挑战。本文将从京津冀协同视角出发,探讨建筑类高校科技创新的现状、问题与对策,以期为推动区域建筑类高校科技创新和发展提供理论支持和实践... 详细信息

京津冀协同发展已成为国家战略,区域经济建设和城乡发展对京津冀建筑类高校提出了新的机遇和挑战。本文将从京津冀协同视角出发,探讨建筑类高校科技创新的现状、问题与对策,以期为推动区域建筑类高校科技创新和发展提供理论支持和实践借鉴。

关键词：京津冀科技创新对策建议

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人为管控下典型城市空气质量及经济指标特征

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环境科学与技术 2024年第S01期47卷 118-126页

作者：周岳屈垚张勇刘卉昆师菊莲朱崇抒中国科学院地球环境研究所黄土与第四纪地质国家重点实验室中国科学院气溶胶化学与物理重点实验室陕西西安710061 中国科学院第四纪科学与全球变化卓越创新中心陕西西安710061 西安地球环境创新研究院陕西西安710061 陕西关中平原区域生态环境变化与综合治理国家野外科学观测研究站陕西西安710061 陕西省大气污染与雾霾防治重点实验室陕西西安710061

为探讨中国典型城市在极端人为源管控条件下空气质量和产业特征,文章分析了2018-2020年1-5月武汉、北京、上海、广州、西安、成都和拉萨等7个城市空气质量及产业发展指标;同比了极端人为管控期大气污染物浓度及经济产业指标变化特征。... 详细信息

为探讨中国典型城市在极端人为源管控条件下空气质量和产业特征,文章分析了2018-2020年1-5月武汉、北京、上海、广州、西安、成都和拉萨等7个城市空气质量及产业发展指标;同比了极端人为管控期大气污染物浓度及经济产业指标变化特征。结果表明:受极端人为管控影响,管控期各污染物浓度同比、环比均出现显著降低,其中NO_(2)浓度环比下降幅度最大,约为50%,其次是PM_(2.5)和PM_(10),百分比为30%~40%。但O_(3)浓度总体呈现上升趋势,未来需进一步采取措施,加强PM_(2.5)和O_(3)协同控制,推动城市空气质量持续改善。各城市不同管控力度对大气污染浓度变化有显著影响。此外,对比了2020年第一和第二季度3类产业发展状况,北京、广州、西安和成都均为第一产业产值恢复速度较快,第三产业增长率最慢为10%;同比3类产业表明管控措施对第二产业影响较大。

关键词：空气质量大气污染特征产业结构人为源管控

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Promising thermal photonic management materials for sustainable human habitat

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Nano Research 2024年第1期17卷 112-131页

作者： Houze yao Qihua Liao Huhu Cheng Liangti qu Key Laboratory of Organic Optoelectronics&Molecular Engineering Ministry of EducationDepartment of ChemistryLaboratory of Flexible Electronics TechnologyTsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China State Key Laboratory of Tribology in Advanced Equipment(SKLT) Department of Mechanical EngineeringTsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China

The spectral characteristics of outdoor structures,such as automobiles,buildings,and clothing,determine their energy interaction with the environment,from broad-spectrum absorption of light energy to high-efficiency thermal *** developed spectrally selective absorption(SSA)materials permit the reduction of energy loss from human habitat eco-system in the sustainable way and further reduce the utilization of fossil energy to achieve carbon *** we review recent advances in SSA materials that enable rational and efficient management of thermal energy and provide new solutions for the resource base that supports human life like comfortable heat management,electricity production,and water *** basic principles of thermal photonic management,the regulation of SSA materials,and functional properties are *** outlook discussing challenges and opportunities in SSA material energy management for comfortable living environments is finally presented,which expects the enormous potential of this interdisciplinary research in solving growing resource-shortage of human society.

关键词： spectrally selective absorption passive cooling solar power eco-system

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运输水温对曼氏无针乌贼成体死亡率及生理指标的影响

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南方水产科学 2024年第4期20卷 107-115页

作者：蒋永生周珊珊周永东徐开达镇小蔓焦礼诗张秋宏渠遥浙江海洋大学海洋与渔业研究所浙江舟山316021 浙江省海洋水产研究所/农业农村部重点渔场渔业资源科学观测实验站/浙江省海洋渔业资源可持续利用技术研究重点实验室浙江舟山316021

增殖放流是曼氏无针乌贼(Sepiella japonica)渔业资源修复的重要手段,而水温可能会影响增殖放流运输过程中乌贼的生存状态。为优化曼氏无针乌贼成体增殖放流运输技术,通过实验室内模拟不同水温(14、17、20、23、26、29℃)下的运输过程,... 详细信息

增殖放流是曼氏无针乌贼(Sepiella japonica)渔业资源修复的重要手段,而水温可能会影响增殖放流运输过程中乌贼的生存状态。为优化曼氏无针乌贼成体增殖放流运输技术,通过实验室内模拟不同水温(14、17、20、23、26、29℃)下的运输过程,分析了不同运输温度下乌贼死亡率和肝脏生理指标的变化。结果显示,运输水温显著影响乌贼成体死亡率(p<0.05),14和29℃处理组的死亡率较高,分别为30.0%和63.3%。相较于20℃处理组,肝糖原含量在14和17℃下显著下降,在29℃下显著上升(p<0.05);乳酸含量在23和29℃下显著上升(p<0.05);超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性在17℃下显著下降,在26℃下显著上升(p<0.05);碱性磷酸酶(AKP)活性在各水温下显著下降(p<0.05);随水温变化,谷草转氨酶(AST)活性先下降后上升,而谷丙转氨酶(ALT)活性则先上升后下降。乌贼死亡率与肝脏糖原、乳酸含量和AST活性显著正相关(p<0.05)。研究表明,在5只·L^(-1)密度下水温过低或过高均不适宜乌贼运输,建议水温控制在17~26℃。

关键词：曼氏无针乌贼模拟运输水温死亡率生理指标

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The Middle Miocene lobe-shaped and band-shaped submarine fans in the Lingshui Sag,Qiongdongnan Basin:source-to-sink system,genesis and implication

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Acta Oceanologica Sinica 2024年第4期43卷 61-79页

作者： Xingzong yao Congjun Feng Hongjun qu Min Zhang Daming Li State Key Laboratory of Continental Dynamics Northwest UniversityXi’an 710069China Department of Geology Northwest UniversityXi’an 710069China Exploration and Development Technology Research Center of Yanchang Oilfield Co. Ltd.Yan’an 716000China Chexplor Resource Exploration Technology Co. Ltd.Huaibei 235000China

Deepwater oil and gas exploration is the key to sustainable breakthroughs in petroleum exploration *** Central Canyon gas field has confirmed the Lingshui Sag is a hydrocarbon-generating sag,and the deepwater reservoirs in the Lingshui Sag still have more fabulous oil and gas exploration *** on drilling data and three-dimensional(3D)seismic data,this paper uses seismic facies analysis,seismic attribute analysis,and coherence slice analysis to identify the types of submarine fans(lobe-shaped and band-shaped submarine fans)that developed in the Lingshui Sag during the Middle Miocene,clarify the source-to-sink system of the submarine fans and discuss the genesis mechanism of the submarine *** results show that:(1)the deepwater source-to-sink system of the Lingshui Sag in the Middle Miocene mainly consisted of a“delta(sediment supply)-submarine canyon(sediment transport channel)-submarine fan(deepwater sediment sink)”association;(2)the main factor controlling the formation of the submarine fans developed in the Lingshui Sag was on the relative sea level decline;and(3)the bottom current reworked the lobe-shaped submarine fan that developed in the northern Lingshui Sag and formed the band-shaped submarine fan with a greater sand *** paper aims to provide practical geological knowledge for subsequent petroleum exploration and development in the deepwater area of the Qiongdongnan Basin through a detailed analysis of the Middle Miocene submarine fan sedimentary system developed in the Lingshui Sag.

关键词： submarine fan source-to-sink system genesis mechanism Middle Miocene Lingshui Sag

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A DNA Force Circuit for Exploring Protein-Protein Interactions at the Single-Molecule Level

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Chinese Journal of Chemistry 2024年第13期42卷 1456-1464页

作者： Kangkang Ma Luoan Xiong Zhuofei Wang Xin Hu Lihua qu Xuetong Zhao yao Li Zhongbo Yu State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology Frontiers Science Center for Cell Responsesand College of PharmacyNankai University38 Tongyan RoadTianjin 300350China School of Physics and Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials of Ministry of Education Nankai Universityand Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and EngineeringTianjin 300071China

Protein-protein interactions(PPls)play a crucial role in drug discovery and disease ***,the development of effective drugs targeting PPls remains challenging due to limited methodologies for probing their spatiotemporal ***,we propose a single-molecule approach using a unique force circuit to investigate Ppl dynamics and anisotropy under mechanical *** conventional techniques,this approach enables the manipulation and real-time monitoring of individual proteins at specific amino acids with defined geometry,offering insights into molecular mechanisms at the single-molecule *** DNA force circuit was constructed using click chemistry conjugation methods and genetic code expansion techniques,facilitating orthogonal conjugation between proteins and nucleic *** SET domain of the MLL1 protein and the tail of histone H3 were used as a model system to demonstrate the application of the DNA force *** the use of atomic force microscopy and magnetic tweezers,optimized assembly procedures were *** DNA force circuit provides an exceptional platform for studying the anisotropy of PPis and holds promise for advancing drug discovery research targeted at PPIs.

关键词： Single-molecule studies Protein-protein interactions Click chemistry Genetic code expansion Molecular dynamics

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Effect of inclusion size on the high cycle fatigue strength and failure mode of a high V alloyed powder metallurgy tool steel

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International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials 2012年第7期19卷 608-614页

作者： Jun yao Xuan-hui qu Xin-bo He Lin Zhang State Key Laboratory for Advanced Metals and Materials School of Materials Science and Engineering University of Science and Technology Beijing Beijing 100083China

The fatigue strength of a high V alloyed powder metallurgy tool steel with two different inclusion size levels, tempered at different temperatures, was investigated by a series of high cycle fatigue tests. It was shown that brittle inclusions with large sizes above 30μm prompted the occurrence of subsurface crack initiation and the reduction in fatigue strength. The fracture toughness and the stress amplitude both exerted a significant influence on the fish-eye size. A larger fish-eye area would form in the sample with a higher fracture toughness subjected to a lower stress amplitude. The stress intensity factor of the inclusion was found to lie above a typical value of the threshold stress intensity factor of 4 MPa.m^1/2. The fracture toughness of the sample with a hardness above HRC 56 could be estimated by the mean value of the stress intensity factor of the fish-eye. According to fractographic evaluation, the critical inclusion size can be calculated by linear fracture mechanics.

关键词： powder metallurgy tool steel fatigue of materials strength of materials failure modes inclusions fractography

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