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Dissemination of Resistance Integrons and Genes Coding for Blse and Cabapenemases in the Urban Drainage Network in Cote d’Ivoire

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Advances in Microbiology 2024年第5期14卷 268-286页

作者： Coulibaly Kalpy Julien Diaby Aboubakar Sidik Vakou N’dri Sabine M’bengue Gbonon Valérie Carole Claon Jean Stephane yao kouam. eric.gnali gbohounou fabric. Yéo Yéfougnini Bagré Issa Djaman Allico Joseph Dosso Mireille Pasteur Institute of Ivory Coast Abidjan C&#244te d&#8217Ivoire Fé lix Houphou&#235t-Boigny University Abidjan C&#244te d&#8217Ivoire

Antibiotic resistance has become a major threat to human health worldwide. Environment, particularly the water environment, has long been overlooked as a player in the antibiotic resistance cycle, although its role remains unclear. These can provide an ideal setting for the acquisition and dissemination of antibiotic resistance, as they are frequently affected by anthropogenic activities. The objective of this study was to establish a diffusion map of resistance integrons used as genetic markers of resistance associated with antibiotic resistance conferring genes (ARGs). Total DNA extracts from non-cultivable bacterial communities were used for the analyses. These communities were obtained from wastewater samples from 14 sites upstream and downstream of drainage channels or effluents in the cities of Abidjan, Bouaké, and Yamoussoukro. The results obtained correspond to the number of positives among the treated samples (n = 39). Among the genetic markers of dissemination, class 1 integrons were the most evident in 94.8% of samples in Abidjan (93.3%), Bouaké (100%) and Yamoussoukro (91.6%). Class 2 integrons and class 3 integrons were found respectively in 41% and 51% of all samples. Genes coding for β-lactamases and blaTEM was identified in almost all samples at a rate of 97.4%. A co-presence of the three genes blaTEM, blaSHV and blaCTX-M is also remarkable in the sites of the city of Yamoussoukro. Among the genes coding for carbapenemases, only blaKPC 17.94%, blaNDM 30.76% and blaOXA48 38.46% were detected in the samples.

关键词： Antibiotic Resistance Wastewater Resistance Integrons (RIs) Resistance Genes

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Osteoarticular Lesions of the Shoulder Girdle by Hippopotamus Bite: Highly Septic Lesion

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Open Journal of Orthopedics 2024年第2期14卷 114-121页

作者： Jr Pierre Germain Ochou Achié Jean Régis Akobe yao Aboh Ganyn Robert Arnaud Assere kouam. Jean-eric Kouassi Adelaïde Aya Natacha Kouassi Ibrahim Soumahoro Zolopégué Marcel Soro Sédi Loues De Randolphe Akpro Gbalé Yannick Blé kouam. Innocent M’bra Loukou Blaise yao Bada Juste Léopold NiaoréSery Koffi Léopold Krah Michel Kodo Department of Orthopaedic and Traumatological Surgery Bouaké University Hospital Bouaké Ivory Coast Raoul Follereau Institute Manikro Centre Bouaké Ivory Coast

Hippopotamus bites are rare in medical consultations, despite several studies exposing their aggressive character. A case of a hippopotamus bite on the shoulder of a fisherman has been reported. In addition to the osteoarticular aspect representing a therapeutic problem, the infectious aspect was marked by sepsis, with a death in less than 48 hours. Based on this observation, a protocol for the initial management of large animal bites was submitted.

关键词： Bite Hippopotamus Septic Shock

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Diagnosis of Wastewater Contamination by Metalic Trace Elements (MTE) in the Areas of Yopougon (South Abidjan) and Marcory, Koumassi (North Abidjan) from March to July 2021

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Journal of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering 2023年第10期11卷 19-28页

作者： Lydie Nina Amon Aboubakar Sidik Diaby Alfred Niamien kouam. kouam. eric yao Ali Sanou Léon Koffi Konan Kalpy Julien Coulibaly Mireille Dosso Institut Pasteur of Cô te d’Ivoire Environment and Health Department Abidjan C&#244te d’Ivoire Ivorian Anti-Pollution Center Abidjan C&#244te d’Ivoire Laboratory of Composition and Reaction of Matter Félix Houphou&#235t-Boigny University Abidjan C&#244te d’Ivoire Laboratory of Hydrobiology Felix Houphouet Boigny University Abidjan C&#244te d’Ivoire Institut National Polytechnique of Félix Houphouë t-Boigny (INP-HB) Laboratory of Industrial Synthesis Processes Environment and New Energies (LAPISEN) Yamoussoukro C&#244te d’Ivoire

Contamination of the aquatic environment by Metallic Trace Elements (MTE) is a major problem encountered in our environment today. In Côte d’Ivoire, in some municipals, residential and industrial areas in the city of Abidjan, waste water of worrying quantity is discharged into the rainwater drainage channels which flow directly into the Ebrié lagoon. In order to identify the origin of the pollution by metallic trace elements (MTE) transported by this water, samples of wastewater were collected and then analyzed. ICP-MS was used for MTE (Cu, Fe, Zn, Al, Pb, Cd) analyses and results were statistically processed in multivariate form using PCA and Excel. The results showed high concentrations of metals, with the exception of Cd. The typological structure represents 85.74% of the total information for the MTE. Plan F1 represents 63.90% of the variance and describes water pollution by copper (0.95), zinc (0.90), iron (0.84) and aluminum (0.84). Plan F2 represents 21.84% and describes the enrichment of water with lead (0.84). It seems more than necessary to make manufacturers aware of the need to install wastewater treatment systems in order to avoid their discharge into the environment.

关键词： MTE Wastewater Typology

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Treatment of Neglected Elbow Dislocations by Z-Lengthening of the Triceps Brachii

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Open Journal of Orthopedics 2022年第4期12卷 142-152页

作者： M’Bra kouam. Innocent Kouassi kouam. Jean-eric yao Loukou Blaise AkobéJean Regis Achie Sery Bada Justin Léopold KouassiAya Adélaïde Natacha Krah Koffi Leopold Michel Kodo Traumatology and Orthopedics Surgery of the University Hospital of Bouaké Bouaké C&ocirc te d’Ivoire

Introduction: Neglected elbow dislocations are much more common in developing and underdeveloped countries. The main reason for the delay in diagnosis is that patients initially seek treatment from traditional healers. These will immobilize the elbow in extension, which will lead to the retraction of the triceps muscle and collateral ligaments. Patients and Method: We carried out a prospective study over five years (2014-2019). The study involved patients with unreduced elbow dislocation older than 21 days. All patients with a dislocated fracture and those whose x-ray showed joint fusion were not included in the study. We collected 26 patients, 20 men and 6 women with an average age of 27.5 years (17 and 45 years). The average consultation time was 8.9 months (3 - 13). The approach was posterior about 8 cm above the olecranon and 2 cm below the olecranon, the ulnar nerve was identified and isolated. The triceps tendon was cut in a Z from its myotendin junction to the beak of the olecranon, and then lengthened. Results: The patients were reviewed after a mean follow-up of 24 months (12 - 36). The Mayo Clinic’s average elbow performance index was 77.1 (60 - 85), with 19 good and 6 average results. The mean flexion was 114°(100°- 135°) and the mean extension deficit was 31.15°(10°- 55°). The average range of motion was 82.5°(60°- 120°). We did not find a correlation between the duration of the lesion and functional recovery (p > 0.05). The Wilcoxon test showed that surgery significantly improved the overall range of motion of the elbow (p = 0.001). Discussion: Based on this study, open reduction with tendon lengthening should remain a treatment option regardless of the age and chronicity of the dislocation.

关键词： Elbow Dislocation Neglected Triceps Plasty Posterior Approach

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Ankle Arthrodesis in the Treatment of Neglected Ankle Fractures

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Open Journal of Orthopedics 2022年第4期12卷 123-130页

作者： M’bra kouam. Innocent Krah Koffi Leopold Kouassi kouam. Jean-eric yao Loukou Blaise Akobé Jean Regis Achie Ochou Pierre Germain Jr Sery Bada Justin Léopold Kouassi Aya Adélaïde Michel Kodo Traumatology and Orthopedics Surgery of the University Hospital of Bouaké Bouaké C&ocirc te d’Ivoire

Introduction: Neglected ankle fractures are common in our regions. Patients first consult traditional healers and it is when the signs persist that they consult the surgeon for a swollen and painful ankle. Initially we always performed anatomical repairs with osteosynthesis, but the majority of patients still complained of pain and disability. We wondered whether a primary arthrodesis would not be indicated in old ankle fractures to avoid disabling pain for patients. We therefore performed a series of arthrodesis on neglected post-traumatic ankles. The objective of our study was to describe the results of arthrodesis on an old post-traumatic ankle and to propose a therapeutic indication in the face of any neglected ankle fracture. Material and Method: This was a prospective study over 8 years between December 2012 and November 2020, involving 36 cases of neglected ankle fractures treated by arthrodesis using Meary’s technique. We used AOFAS (American Orthopedic Foot and Ankle Score) preoperatively and postoperatively for an objective assessment. Results: The average follow-up was 4.2 years and our results were satisfactory (94.4%) with an average AOFAS score ranging from 27.8 preoperatively to 76.7 postoperatively. The fusion rate was 97.2%. Discussion: Arthrodesis appears here as an important alternative in the treatment of neglected ankle fractures with significant trophic disorders.

关键词： Arthrodesis Ankle Neglected Fracture Osteosynthesis Traditional Healers

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Improving the Quality of Rubber Plants in Bagged Nurseries by the Use of Compost-Based Culture Substrates

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Open Journal of Soil Science 2021年第11期11卷 567-585页

作者： Jean Lopez Essehi eric Francis Soumahin Guy Fernand yao Samuel Obouayeba Albert yao-kouam. National Agricultural of Research Centre Food Crop Research Station Soil Water and Plant Central Laboratory Bouaké C&#244 te d’Ivoire University Jean Lorougnon Guédé Training and Research Unit of Agroforestry Laboratory of Physiology and Plant Pathology Daloa C&#244 te d’Ivoire National Agricultural of Research Centre Research Station of Bimbresso Hevea Program Bimbresso C&#244 te d’Ivoire University Félix Houphouë t-Boigny Training and Research Unit of Earth Sciences and Mineral Resources Department of Soil Sciences Abidjan C&#244 te d’Ivoire

The decrease of fertility soils, the rarity of quality potting soil used to fill nursery bags, the high cost of chemical fertilisers and the problems associated with their use are leading planters and rubber nurserymen in developing and/or expanding areas to look for alternative and sustainable fertilization. In this perspective, a trial was carried out at Research Station of CNRA-Bimbresso and in a farmer’s environment in order to evaluate the agronomic quality of compost made from chicken droppings and dry Panicum maximum straw to improve the growth of rubber plants in bagged nurseries. Mixtures based on potting soil and/or compost in different proportions were prepared. The follow-up of the trial focused on determination of the physico-chemical characteristics of the soils, measurement of the parameters of vegetative growth and the grafting success rate evaluation of rubber plants in nursery. The results obtained show that compost-based crop substrates increase soil organic matter, nitrogen, exchangeable bases, etc., in proportion to the doses applied. For the pH, the application of compost resulted in a reduction in soil acidity of about 1.3 unit compared to the initial values at the two study sites. The vegetative behaviour of the rubber plants also shows that qualitative (height and collar diameter) and quantitative (grafting success rate) improvements were recorded in the plants raised in compost-based substrates. The production of rubber plants in bagged nurseries was optimal with compost doses of 27 t⋅ha−1 (at Bimbresso, in the southeast) and 27 t⋅ha−1 combined with fractionated application of urea (at Kimoukro, in the centre), which under the conditions of the present study may be the recommended doses on rubber plants in bagged nurseries at C

关键词： Compost Soils Parameters Vegetative Growth Hevea brasiliensis Côte d’Ivoire

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Major Limb Amputation Secondary to Locally Advanced Cutaneous Squamous Cell Carcinoma in Tropical Environments: Determinants

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Open Journal of Orthopedics 2018年第4期8卷 139-147页

作者： Kouassi kouam. Jean eric yao Loukou Blaise Sery Bada Justin Leopold Niaoré M’bra kouam. Innocent Krah Koffi Léopold Kouassi Aya Adelaide Nathacha Assere yao Aboh Ganyn Robert Arnaud Kodo Michel Trauma and Orthopedics Department Bouake Teaching Hospital Bouake Ivory Coast

Objective: To identify the determinants of secondary limb amputation in advanced squamous cell carcinoma. Material and Methods: This was a retrospective study carried out in the Orthopedic Traumatology Department of the Bouaké University Hospital in Côte d’Ivoire from January 2013 to December 2016. It involved ten patients with locally advanced skin squamous cell carcinoma, confirmed by histology and having amputated limbs. The parameters studied were: demographic data (gender, age), socio-economic conditions (occupation, place of residence), the risk factors involved, the use of topical self-medication and the use of traditional medicine, antecedents and comorbidities factors, lifestyle, clinical aspects (seat, size), extension assessment (X-ray), anatomo-pathological examination data, duration of evolution of squamous cell carcinoma, the function of the affected limb, the treatment performed, the evolutionary modalities and the equipment. Results: Between 2013 and 2016, ten patients underwent either upper or lower limb amputations following locally advanced squamous cell carcinoma. The average age was 34.1 years (19 - 64 years). There were 7 men (70%) and 3 women (30%) and all our patients were black (sub-Saharan Africa). The majority of our patients were farmers (70%). The risk factors for squamous cell carcinoma were neglected chronic wounds. All our patients recognized during the interrogation a large use of the topicals of traditional medicine for the treatment of the initial cutaneous lesions. In terms of lifestyle, five (50%) were smokers and alcoholics. The mean time to progression of squamous cell carcinoma was 5.9 years. Lesions were localized preferentially to the pelvic limbs six (60%) cases and four (40%) to the limbs chest. The lesion was diagnosed late in all our patients. The size of the tumor in all our patients was greater than 5 cm and had a deep invasion (nerves, vessels and bone). The proximal ipsilateral ganglionic invasion was constant.

关键词： Amputation Squamous Cell Carcinoma Cutaneous Histology

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Results of the Management of Urogenital Fistulae from Community Caravans

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Open Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology 2017年第8期7卷 858-865页

作者： eric Bohoussou Jean Marc Dia Gerard Okon Lydie Djanhan Bilé kouam. yao Djanhan Gabriel Gnanazan Serges Boni Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics University and Hospital Center of Treichville (CHUT) Abidjan Cote d’Ivoire National Coordinator Fistula Project UNFPA Abidjan Cote d’Ivoire Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics University and Hospital Center of Bouaké (CHUB) Bouaké Cote d’Ivoire Department of Urology University and Hospital Center of Treichville (CHUT) Abidjan Cote d’Ivoire Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics University and Hospital Center of Cocody (CHUC) Abidjan Cote d’Ivoire

Objective: To report the experience of surgical caravans for urogenital fistulas care. Methodology: This was a retrospective study covering the period from January 2014 to December 2014 and which took place on 7 sites of fistula care. The epidemiological, anatomoclinical, therapeutic and evolutionary aspects were studied. Results: 346 patients were operated during 14 caravans. Their average age was 33.11 years (range: 12 to 70 years). Most of these patients were without remunerative activities (80%) and without education (63.3%). The average duration of fistula progression was 6.08 years (range: 0 to 42 years). Obstetrical etiology was predominant (87.9%). According to the classification of Kees Waaldijk, fistulas were divided into type I (67.4%), type II (21.1%), and type III (11.5%). The most common surgical approach was the transvaginal route (82.1%). The vesicovaginal splitting with separated suture of the bladder and the vagina was the basic technique (94.7%). The therapeutic results were judged after a follow-up of 1 month and 3 months. Across the cohort, 80 patients (23.1%) were lost of sight for follow-up at 1 month and 245 (70%) at 3 months. The success rates evaluated in patients reviewed at 1 month and 3 months were respectively 70% and 64%. Conclusion: The incidence of urogenital fistulas is still high in Cote d'Ivoire. Various anatomoclinical varieties have been identified and treated with satisfactory results in poorly equipped local structures.

关键词： Urogenital Fistulas Epidemiology Diagnosis Treatment

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Macrosomia at the Center Hospital of Montelimar (France): 141 Cases Report

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Open Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology 2017年第9期7卷 966-972页

作者： Ignace N’guessan yao Paul eric kouam. Bohoussou Michelle Messou Menin Gaia Gianola Eva Bazan Pierre Dirix Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Treichville University Hospital Abidjan Cote d’Ivoire Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Bouaké University Hospital Bouaké Cote d’Ivoire Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Montélimar Hospital Montélimar France Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Valréas Hospital Valréas France

Introduction: Macrosomia is usually defined by the delivery of a child over 4000 g at term. Because of the margins of error, the obstetrician must take into account, in addition to ultrasound, the constitutional and acquired factors of the mother in order to be able to prevent the complications expected during the delivery of a large fetus. Material and method: We carried out a cross-sectional, descriptive, 12-month study in a level 2 hospital in southern France (Montélimar). The aim of the study was to assess the prevalence of macrosomia, to identify the epidemiological characteristics of the patients, to specify the management of obstetrics and complications in this hospital. Results: We recorded 141 births with a weight greater than or equal to 4000 g. That is a rate of 7.95%. The average age of our patients is 30 years. Half of them had a BMI of less than 25 and were not diabetic. 75% of the patients gave birth by a low-dose route. The sex ratio of the children is male to female 2:1. The main maternal complications were the perineovaginal tears (39 cases) and the hemorrhages of the deliverance (6 cases). Conclusion: The delivery of macrosomia is not uncommon at the Hospital Center of Montélimar. It predominates among Caucasians. Usual risk factors have rarely been found. Overall management was without major complications for both the mother and the child.

关键词： Macrosomia Risk Factors Complications C.H. Montélimar

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Madelung’s Deformity: Reverse Wedge Osteotomy of the Distal Radius Associate Ulnar Wedge Osteotomy: A Case Report

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Open Journal of Orthopedics 2018年第2期8卷 33-38页

作者： Kouassi kouam. Jean eric Sery Bada Justin Leopoeld Niaoré yao Loukou Blaise M’bra kouam. Innocent Krah Koffi Léopold Kouassi Aya Adelaide Nathacha Assere yao Aboh Ganyn Robert Arnaud Kodo Michel Traumatology and Orthopedics Surgery of the University Hospital of Bouake Bouake Cote d’Ivoire

Madelung deformity is rare, accounting for 1.7% of congenital anomalies. The treatment is essentially surgical and several techniques have been described. We report the result of a case treated in an adult patient by ... 详细信息

关键词： Madelung Deformity Cuneiform Osteotomy Radius Ulna

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