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Non-monotonic behavior of jam probability and stretchedexponential distribution in pedestrian counterflow

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Chinese Physics B 2024年第9期33卷 259-266页

作者： Ze-hao Chen Zhi-Xi wu Jian-Yue Guan College of Physical Science and Technology Guangxi Normal UniversityGuilin 541004China Lanzhou Center for Theoretical Physics Key Laboratory of Theoretical Physics of Gansu Provinceand Key Laboratory for Quantum Theory and Applications of the Ministry of EducationLanzhou UniversityLanzhou 730000China

We adopt a floor field cellular automata model to study the statistical properties of bidirectional pedestrian flow movingin a straight corridor. We introduce a game-theoretic framework to deal with the conflict of multiple pedestrians tryingto move to the same target location. By means of computer simulations, we show that the complementary cumulative distributionof the time interval between two consecutive pedestrians leaving the corridor can be fitted by a stretched exponentialdistribution, and surprisingly, the statistical properties of the two types of pedestrian flows are affected differently by theflow ratio, i.e., the ratio of the pedestrians walking toward different directions. We also find that the jam probability exhibitsa non-monotonic behavior with the flow ratio, where the worst performance arises at an intermediate flow ratio of around0.2. Our simulation results are consistent with some empirical observations, which suggest that the peculiar characteristicsof the pedestrians may attributed to the anticipation mechanism of collision avoidance.

关键词： traffic and crowd dynamics evolutionary game theory

Characteristics,origins,and significance of pyrites in deep-water shales

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Science China Earth Sciences 2024年第2期67卷 313-342页

作者： Chao LIANG Shichao JI Yingchang CAO Keyu LIU Jing wu Fang hao National Key Laboratory of Deep Oil and Gas China University of Petroleum(East China)Qingdao266580China School of Geosciences China University of PetroleumQingdao266000China Laboratory for Marine Mineral Resource Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and TechnologyQingdao266071China College of Earth Science and Engineering Shandong University of Science and TechnologyQingdao266590China

As important metal sulfides in the geochemical cycle of sulfur,the characteristics and formation processes of pyrites can provide useful clues regarding their *** on previous findings,shale pyrites were divided into three major classes(euhedral pyrites,framboidal pyrites(framboids)and metasomatic pyrites)and six sub-classes in this *** the microscopic scale,each type of pyrite is associated with a different formation *** are formed by burst nucleation in environments with a homogeneous distribution of nutrients while euhedral pyrites are usually formed on pre-existing sites(such as=FeS on the minerals surface)in the heterogeneous *** pyrites formed by the replacement of other ions in accountable material by iron ions and hydrogen sulfide ions in hydrothermal *** morphology and isotope value of pyrite provide information to track the origins of their nutrient and characteristics of sulfur and iron *** addition,the trace element content of pyrite can serve as a proxy for paleo-ocean trace element abundance,indicating changes in atmospheric oxygen ***,pyrite can also serves as an indicator of shale gas reservoirs.

关键词： Shale Pyrite Sulfate reduction reaction Isotope fractionation Pyrite element

Selective photocatalytic oxidation of methane to C1 oxygenates by regulating sizes and facets over Au/ZnO

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Nano Research 2024年第5期17卷 3810-3818页

作者： Qiang Zhou Xinyu Wang Xiaojie Tan Qinhua Zhang hao Yang Tao Xing Mingqing Wang Mingbo wu Wenting wu State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil Processing College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering&Institute of New EnergyChina University of Petroleum(East China)Qingdao 266580China National Engineering Research Center of Coal Gasification and Coal-Based Advanced Materials ShanDong Energy Group CO.LTDJinan 250101China

Photocatalytic oxidation of methane to value-added chemicals is a promising process under mild conditions,nevertheless confronting great challenges in efficiently activating C-H bonds and inhibiting ***,we propose a comprehensive strategy for the selective generation of reactive oxygen species(ROS)by regulating the sizes and facets of Au nanoparticles loaded on *** photocatalytic methane oxidation at ambient temperature,a high oxygenates yield of 36.4 mmol·g^(-1)·h^(-1) with a nearly 100%selectivity has been achieved over the optimized 1.0%Au/ZnO-9.6(1%Au with(111)facet and 9.6 nm size on ZnO)photocatalyst,exceeding most reported *** investigations reveal that 1.0%Au/ZnO-9.6 with the medium size and Au(111)facet guarantees the favourable formation of superoxide radicals(·OOH)through mild oxygen reduction,ultimately leading to excellent photocatalytic methane oxidation *** work provides some guidance for the delicate design of photocatalysts for efficient photocatalytic methane oxidation and oxygen utilization.

关键词： photocatalysis methane oxidation radical regulation oxygen activation nanomaterial

The nature of electron density enhancement over a wide altitude range during ionosphere heating experiments at EISCAT

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Earth and Planetary Physics 2024年第2期8卷 408-414页

作者： Jun wu Jian wu Jie Feng QingLiang Li ShuJi hao ZhengWen Xu HaiSheng Zhao YaBin Zhang National Key Laboratory of Electromagnetic Environment China Research Institute of Radio Wave PropagationBeijing 102206China School of Physics Xidian UniversityXi’an 710071China

During the course of ionospheric heating experiments, researchers at the European Incoherent Scatter Scientific Association (EISCAT) observed an apparent electron density enhancement. The enhancement extended over a wide range of altitudes, above the reflection altitude of the high-frequency pump wave. However, whether this enhancement actually corresponds to a true enhancement in electron density remains an open question. When the dispersion relation of ion acoustic waves is followed, the frequency ratio of the enhanced ion line to the background ion line suggests that the profile of the effective ion mass may have remained unchanged. Furthermore, the solar radio flux and ion drift velocity indicate no significant changes in the ion species and their densities. In conclusion, the electron density enhancement observed at EISCAT should not, in fact, be considered a true enhancement.

关键词： incoherent scatter radar(ISR) ionospheric heating electron density ion acoustic wave

Low cost and low density chloride solid electrolyte for all solid state cathode with high active material ratio

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Nano Research 2024年第10期17卷 8826-8833页

作者： hao-Yuan Tan Mei-Yu Zhou Zhongyuan Huang Jin-Da Luo Jing-Tian Yang Jian-Ping Wang Ye-Chao wu Xiao-Bin Cheng Zi-Wei Wang Xu-Dong hao Linjun Wang Ke Gong Yi-Chen Yin Yinguo Xiao Hong-Bin yao Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026China Department of Applied Chemistry University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026China School of Advanced Materials Peking University Shenzhen Graduate SchoolShenzhen 518055China

Chloride solid electrolytes(SEs)have attracted widespread attention due to their high room-temperature ionic conductivity and excellent cathode ***,the conventionally selected central metal elements(e.g.,In,Y and Ta)are usually rare and heavy,inevitably causing the high cost and high density of the obtained chloride ***,by choosing abundant and light Mg and Al as central metal elements,we develop a cheap and low density Li_(1.2)Mg_(0.95)Al_(0.3)Cl_(4)SE for high active material ratio in all solid state *** replacement of Mg^(2+)by Al^(3+)in the framework yields vacancies and lowers the non-lithium metal ions occupancy at Mg/Li co-occupied 16d site,effectively relieving the blocking effects by Mg^(2+)in the pristine spinel Li_(2-2x)Mg_(1+x)Cl_(4).Thus,a significantly improved room-temperature conductivity of 3.08×10^(-4)S·cm^(-1)is achieved,two orders of magnitude higher than that of Li_(1.2)Mg_(1.4)Cl_(4).More attractively,its low density of only 1.98 g·cm-3 enables low SE mass ratio in cathodes(only 16 wt.%)with still effective electrolyte/cathode contact and lithium-ion conduction *** charged to potential of 4.30 V,the asfabricated Li_(1.2)Mg_(0.95)Al_(0.3)Cl_(4)-based solid lithium battery with uncoated NCM523 cathode can be cycled for over 100 cycles with a capacity retention of 86.68%at room temperature.

关键词： chloride solid electrolytes low cost low density Li+conductivities

A universal calibration method for eliminating topographydependent current in conductive AFM and its application in nanoscale imaging

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Nano Research 2024年第7期17卷 6509-6517页

作者： Chunlin hao hao Xu Shiquan Lin Yaju Zhang Jinmiao He Bei Liu Yuanzheng Zhang Banghao wu Guozhen Shen Haiwu Zheng Henan Province Engineering Research Center of Smart Micro-nano Sensing Technology and Application School of Physics and ElectronicsHenan UniversityKaifeng 475004China School of Integrated Circuits and Electronics Beijing Institute of TechnologyBeijing 100081China Beijing Institute of Nanoenergy and Nanosystems Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100083China

The topography and electrical properties are two crucial characteristics that determine the roles and functionalities of *** atomic force microscopy(CAFM)is widely recognized for its ability to independently measure the topography and *** increasing trend towards miniaturization in electrical devices and sensors has encouraged an urgent demand for enhancing the accuracy of CAFM ***,when performing CAFM tests on Bi_(0.5)Na_(0.5)TiO_(3)bulk ceramic,it is interesting to observe significant currents related to the *** do insulators exhibit“conductivity”in CAFM testing?Herein,we thoroughly investigated the topography-dependent current during CAFM testing for the first *** on the linear dependence between the current and the first derivative of topography,the calibration method has been proposed to eliminate the topographic *** method is evaluated on Bi_(0.5)Na_(0.5)TiO_(3)bulk ceramic,one-dimensional(1D)ZnO nanowire,twodimensional(2D)NbOI_(2)flake,and biological lotus *** corresponding results of negligible topography-interference current affirm the feasibility and universality of this calibration *** work effectively addresses the challenge of topographic crosstalk in CAFM characterization,thereby preventing the erroneous estimation of the conductivity of any unknown sample.

关键词： conductive atomic force microscopy topographic crosstalk current error calibration method

Multiple types of disease-associated RNAs identification for disease prognosis and therapy using heterogeneous graph learning

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Science China(Information Sciences) 2024年第8期67卷 341-342页

作者： Wenxiang ZHANG Hang WEI Wenjing ZHANG hao wu Bin LIU School of Computer Science and Technology Beijing Institute of Technology School of Computer Science and Technology Xidian University Department of Teaching and Research Shenzhen University General Hospital Guangdong Key Laboratory for Biomedical Measurements and Ultrasound Imaging National-Regional Key Technology Engineering Laboratory for Medical UltrasoundSchool of Biomedical Engineering Shenzhen University Medical School Advanced Research Institute of Multidisciplinary Science Beijing Institute of Technology

Identifying disease-associated RNAs is crucial in revealing the pathogenic mechanisms of diseases [1], and biologists have made notable progress in this field [2]. However, more effective computational methods are needed to provide reference disease-associated RNAs, reducing the manpower and material resources required for biological experiments.

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Prognostic analysis of related factors of adverse reactions to immunotherapy in advanced gastric cancer and establishment of a nomogram model

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology 2024年第4期16卷 1268-1280页

作者： Xu-Xu He Bang Du Tao wu hao Shen Department of Surgery Fudan University Affiliated Zhongshan Hospital(Qingpu Branch)Shanghai 201700China Department of Surgery Anhui Provincial Red Cross Society HospitalHefei 230031Anhui ProvinceChina Department of General Surgery West China Hospital of Sichuan UniversityChengdu 610044Sichuan ProvinceChina

BACKGROUND Immunotherapy for advanced gastric cancer has attracted widespread attention in recent ***,the adverse reactions of immunotherapy and its relationship with patient prognosis still need further *** order to determine the association between adverse reaction factors and prognosis,the aim of this study was to conduct a systematic prognostic *** comprehensively evaluating the clinical data of patients with advanced gastric cancer treated by immunotherapy,a nomogram model will be established to predict the survival status of patients more *** To explore the characteristics and predictors of immune-related adverse reactions(irAEs)in advanced gastric cancer patients receiving immunotherapy with programmed death protein-1(PD-1)inhibitors and to analyze the correlation between irAEs and patient *** A total of 140 patients with advanced gastric cancer who were treated with PD-1 inhibitors in our hospital from June 2021 to October 2023 were *** were divided into the irAEs group and the non-irAEs group according to whether or not irAEs *** features,manifestations,and prognosis of irAEs in the two groups were collected and analyzed.A multivariate logistic regression model was used to analyze the related factors affecting the occurrence of irAEs,and the prediction model of irAEs was *** receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curve was used to evaluate the ability of different indicators to predict irAEs.A Kaplan-Meier survival curve was used to analyze the correlation between irAEs and *** Cox proportional risk model was used to analyze the related factors affecting the prognosis of *** A total of 132 patients were followed up,of whom 63(47.7%)developed *** looked at the two groups’clinical features and found that the two groups were statistically different in age≥65 years,Ki-67 index,white blood cell count,neutrophil count,and regulatory T cell(Treg)count

关键词： Advanced gastric cancer Prognostic analysis Immunotherapy Nomogram model

Numerical investigation of hydro-morphodynamic characteristics of a cascading failure of landslide dams

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Journal of Mountain Science 2024年第6期21卷 1868-1885页

作者： ZHONG Qiming CHEN Lingchun MEI Shengyao SHAN Yibo wu hao Zhao Kunpeng Department of Geotechnical Engineering Nanjing Hydraulic Research InstituteNanjing 210024China National Key Laboratory of Water Disaster Prevention Nanjing 210098China Key Laboratory of Reservoir and Dam Safety of the Ministry of Water Resources Nanjing 210029China

A cascading failure of landslide dams caused by strong earthquakes or torrential rains in mountainous river valleys can pose great threats to people’s lives,properties,and *** this study,based on the three-dimensional Reynoldsaveraged Navier-Stokes equations(RANS),the renormalization group(RNG)k-εturbulence model,suspended and bed load transport equations,and the instability discriminant formula of dam breach side slope,and the explicit finite volume method(FVM),a detailed numerical simulation model for calculating the hydro-morphodynamic characteristics of cascading dam breach process has been *** developed numerical model can simulate the breach hydrograph and the dam breach morphology evolution during the cascading failure process of landslide dams.A model test of the breaches of two cascading landslide dams has been used as the validation *** comparison of the calculated and measured results indicates that the breach hydrograph and the breach morphology evolution process of the upstream and downstream dams are generally consistent with each other,and the relative errors of the key breaching parameters,i.e.,the peak breach flow and the time to peak of each dam,are less than±5%.Further,the comparison of the breach hydrographs of the upstream and downstream dams shows that there is an amplification effect of the breach flood on the cascading landslide dam *** key parameters,i.e.,the distance between the upstream and the downstream dams,the river channel slope,and the downstream dam height,have been used to study the flood amplification *** parameter sensitivity analyses show that the peak breach flow at the downstream dam decreases with increasing distance between the upstream and the downstream dams,and the downstream dam ***,the peak breach flow at the downstream dam first increases and then decreases with steepening of the river channel *** the flood caused by the upstream dam failure flows to the

关键词： Cascading landslide dams Cascading dam failure process Detailed numerical simulation model Flood amplification effect Parameter sensitivity analyses