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Glutamine in suppression of lipopolysaccharide-induced piglet intestinal inflammation:The crosstalk between AMPK activation and mitochondrial function

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Animal Nutrition 2022年第3期10卷 137-147页

作者： Liuqin He Xihong Zhou Ziping Wu yanzhong feng Di Liu Tiejun Li Yulong Yin Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Intestinal Function and Regulation Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Human HealthCollege of Life SciencesHunan Normal UniversityChangsha410081China Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Region Institute of Subtropical AgricultureChinese Academy of SciencesHunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Physiology and Metabolic ProcessChangsha410125China Agricultural and Food Economics Queen's University BelfastNorthern IrelandBT95PXUnited Kingdom Heilongjiang Academy of Academy of Agricultural Sciences Harbin150086China

The study was conducted to investigate the regulatory mechanism of glutamine(Gln)on intestinal inflammation in an Escherichia coli lipopolysaccharide(E.coli LPS)-induced in vivo and in vitro models.Piglets(n=8)weaned at 21 d of age were fed a basal diet(control and LPS groups)or 1%Gln diet(Gln t LPS group)ad libitum for 4 weeks.On d 22,24,26 and 28,piglets in the LPS and Gln t LPS groups were intraperitoneally injected with E.coli LPS.Intestinal porcine epithelial cells(IPEC-J2)(n=6)induced by LPS were used to assess related mechanisms and compound C was used to inhibit adenosine 50-monophosphate-activated protein kinase(AMPK)activity.Our current results showed that compared with the LPS treatment,the Gln t LPS treatment had better growth performance and greater villus height(P<0.05),and the Gln t LPS treatment reduced the rate of diarrhea by 6.4%(P<0.05);the Gln t LPS treatment decreased serum tumor necrosis factor(TNF-ɑ),interleukin-6(IL-6),Kt,cortisol and insulin levels,whereas increased(P<0.05)serum immunoglobulin M and epidermal growth factor levels;the Gln t LPS treatment increased(P<0.05)the expression of aquaporins and AMPK pathwayassociated targets in the jejunum and ileum of piglets,whereas decreased the expression of ion transporters(P<0.05).The in vitro results showed that 4 mmol/L Gln administration could inhibit(P<0.05)cell apoptosis and interleukin-1b(IL-1b),IL-6 and TNF-ɑsecretion in LPS-induced IPEC-J2 cells,promote(P<0.05)mitochondrial respiratory metabolism and increase(P<0.05)the number of mitochondria and mitochondrial membrane potential.The activity of AMPK was elevated by 70%to 300%in Gln-treated IPEC-J2 cells under LPS challenge or normal conditions.Our results indicate that pre-administration of Gln to piglets suppresses intestinal inflammation by modulating the crosstalk between AMPK activation and mitochondrial function.

关键词： Glutamine Weaned piglet Intestinal inflammation AMPK Mitochondrial function

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Crosstalk between trace elements and T-cell immunity during early-life health in pigs

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中国科学:生命科学英文版 2023年第9期66卷 1994-2005页

作者： Shunshun Jin Liuqin He Chengbo Yang Xinmiao He Heshu Chen yanzhong feng Wenjie Tang Jianzhong Li Di Liu Tiejun Li Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Intestinal Function and Regulation Hunan International Joint Laboratory of Animal Intestinal Ecology and HealthCollege of Life SciencesHunan Normal UniversityChangsha 410081China Department of Animal Science University of ManitobaWinnipegManitoba R3T2N2Canada CAS Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Region Institute of Subtropical AgricultureHunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Physiology and Metabolic ProcessNational Engineering Laboratory for Pollution Control and Waste Utilization in Livestock and Poultry ProductionChangsha 410125China Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences Harbin 150086China Animal Breeding and Genetics Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province Sichuan Animal Science AcademyChengdu 610066China

With gradual ban on the use of antibiotics, the deficiency and excessive use of trace elements in intestinal health is gaining attention. In mammals, trace elements are essential for the development of the immune system, specifically T-cell proliferation,and differentiation. However, there remain significant gaps in our understanding of the effects of certain trace elements on T-cell immune phenotypes and functions in pigs. In this review, we summarize the specificity, development, subpopulations, and responses to pathogens of porcine T cells and the effects of functional trace elements(e.g., iron, copper, zinc, and selenium) on intestinal T-cell immunity during early-life health in pigs. Furthermore, we discuss the current trends of research on the crosstalk mechanisms between trace elements and T-cell immunity. The present review expands our knowledge of the association between trace elements and T-cell immunity and provides an opportunity to utilize the metabolism of trace elements as a target to treat various diseases.

关键词： trace elements T cells pig gut immunity

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Glutamate and aspartate alleviate testicular/epididymal oxidative stress by supporting antioxidant enzymes and immune defense systems in boars

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Science China(Life Sciences) 2020年第1期63卷 116-124页

作者： Wenjie Tang Jian Wu Shunshun Jin Liuqin He Qinlu Lin Feijun Luo Xingguo He yanzhong feng Binsheng He Pingping Bing Tiejun Li Yulong Yin Hunan International Joint Laboratory of Animal Intestinal Ecology and Health Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Human HealthCollege of Life SciencesHunan Normal UniversityChangsha 410081China Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Region Institute of Subtropical AgricultureChinese Academy of SciencesHunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Physiology and Metabolic ProcessNational Engineering Laboratory for Pollution Control and Waste Utilization in Livestock and Poultry ProductionChangsha 410125China National Engineering Laboratory for Deep Process of Rice and Byproducts Hunan Key Laboratory of Grain-oil Deep Process and Quality ControlHunan Key Laboratory of Processed Food for Special Medical PurposeCollege of Food Science and EngineeringCentral South University of Forestry and TechnologyChangsha 410004China Academics Working Station at The First Affiliated Hospital Changsha Medical UniversityChangsha 410219China Sichuan Academy of Animal Sciences Animal Breeding and Genetics Key Laboratory of Sichuan ProvinceChengdu 610066China ^Changsha Green LecrfBiotechnology Co. Ltd.Changsha 610066Hunan Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences Harbin 150086China

Several potential oxidative agents have damaging effects on mammalian reproductive systems.This study was conducted to investigate the effects of glutamate(Glu)and aspartate(Asp)supplementation on antioxidant enzymes and immune defense systems in the outer scrotum of boars injected with H2O2.A total of 24 healthy boars were randomly divided into 4 treatment groups:control(basal diet,saline-treated),H2O2(basal diet,H2O2-challenged outer scrotum(1 m L kg^–1 BW)),Glu(basal diet+2%Glu,H2O2-challenged),and Asp(basal diet+2%Asp,H2O2-challenged).Our results showed that both Glu and Asp supplementation improved testicular morphology and decreased the genital index in the H2O2-treated boars.Glu and Asp administration increased the antioxidant enzyme activities and affected the testicular inflammatory cytokine secretion but had no effect on sex hormone levels.Furthermore,the m RNA expression of CAT,Cu Zn SOD,and GPx4 was altered in the testes and epididymis of boars treated with Asp and Glu.Glu and Asp supplementation also modulated the expression of TGF-β1,IL-10,TNF-α,IL-6 and IL-1βin the testis and epididymis.These results indicate that dietary Glu and Asp supplementation might enhance antioxidant capacity and regulate the secretion and expression of inflammatory cytokines to protect the testes and epididymis of boars against oxidative stress.

关键词： glutamate aspartate boars oxidative stress inflammatory cytokines

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基于深度学习的栽培苜蓿害虫识别模型

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草业科学 2024年第6期41卷 1519-1532页

作者：张忠雪冯琦胜李仲贤李云昊王瑞泾张轩凡李彦忠梁天刚草种创新与草地农业生态系统全国重点实验室/兰州大学草地农业科技学院甘肃兰州730000 兰州大学图书馆甘肃兰州730000

苜蓿(Medicago sativa)是我国发展畜牧业的重要优质牧草之一,而病虫害是影响其生长和品质的主要原因,因此准确识别病虫害对其生长发育具有重要意义。YOLO(You Only Look Once)等单阶段目标检测算法通过端对端进行目标检测,RCNN(Region C... 详细信息

苜蓿(Medicago sativa)是我国发展畜牧业的重要优质牧草之一,而病虫害是影响其生长和品质的主要原因,因此准确识别病虫害对其生长发育具有重要意义。YOLO(You Only Look Once)等单阶段目标检测算法通过端对端进行目标检测,RCNN(Region Convolutional Neural Network)等双阶段目标检测算法生成候选区域进行特征提取。为有效识别苜蓿害虫,本文基于YOLOv5和Faster-RCNN两种算法对常见的6类苜蓿害虫进行特征识别,根据召回率(R)、精度(P)、平均精度(mAP)、F1值4种评价指标确定苜蓿害虫识别的最优算法和模型。其中R为样本中的正例被正确预测的比例,F1值为R和P的加权平均值。结果表明:YOLOv5算法识别苜蓿害虫的表现优于Faster-RCNN算法,YOLOv5算法的测试集和验证集精度均高于Faster-RCNN算法。研究结果为苜蓿害虫识别的算法选择提供了科学与理论支撑,对栽培苜蓿管理具有重要意义。

关键词：深度学习 YOLOv5算法 Faster-RCNN算法苜蓿害虫

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Research Progress on the Effect of Aflatoxin on Poultry Immunization

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Agricultural Biotechnology 2018年第6期7卷 123-124,129页

作者： Xiaolong YU Xinmiao HE Wentao WANG yanzhong feng Heshu CHEN Ming TIAN Di LIU Institute of Animal Husbandry Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences

Aflatoxins( AFs) are a major pollution source of grain pollution and are secondary metabolites produced by Aspergillus flavus and A.parasiticus,which are one of the most toxic and carcinogenic substances.Feeding animals with aflatoxin-contaminated food can cause toxicosis,acute liver injury or liver cancer in animals,and also can cause multiple organ damage,decline in production performance and disease resistance,even death,which brings great economic losses to animal husbandry.In addition,AFs can do great harm to the human body.When the body ingests large amounts of AFs,it may suffer from acute poisoning and acute liver damage; and AFs can cause chronic poisoning of the body with continuous intake of trace AFs.This paper briefly analyzed the effect of AFs on the structure and function of poultry immune organs,immune gene expression,immunosuppression and so on.

关键词： Aflatoxins(AFs) Immunization Gene expression Poultry Immune organ Immunosuppression

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The relationship between soil,climate and forest development in the mid-mountain zone of the Sangong River watershed in the northern Tianshan Mountains,China

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Journal of Arid Land 2015年第1期7卷 63-72页

作者： Li DAI YiXing feng GePing LUO yanzhong LI WenQiang XU School of Geographic and Environmental Sciences Guizhou Normal University State Key Laboratory of Desert and Oasis Ecology Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography Chinese Academy of Sciences

The mountainous forests in arid regions, being sensitive to climate change, are one of the key research topics related to the mechanism of interaction between climate and the terrestrial ecosystem. In this study, the spatial distribution of a mid-mountain forest and its environmental factors were investigated by using a combination of remote sensing technology, field survey, climate indices and soil nutrient analysis in the Sangong River watershed of the northern Tianshan Mountains. The forest （Picea schrenkiana） was distributed between 1,510 and 2,720 m asl. Tree height and diameter at breast height （DBH） exhibited a bi-modal pattern with increasing elevation, and rested at 2,450 and 2,250 m asl, respectively. The two maxima of DBH appeared at 2,000 and 2,550 m asl, and the taller trees were observed at 2,100 and 2,600 m asl. For the annual mean temperature, the difference was approximately 5.8℃ between the lowest and the highest limits of the forest, and the average decreasing rates per hundred meters were 0.4g℃ and 0.55℃ with increasing altitude between 1,500 and 2,000 m asl and above 2,000 m asl, respec- tively. The annual precipitation in the forest zone first increased and then decreased with the increase of altitude, and the maximum value was at 2,000 m asl. For per hundred meters, the annual precipitation increased with the rate of 31 mm between 1,500 and 2,000 m asl and decreased by 7.8 mm above 2,000 m asl. The SOM, TN and TP were high between 2,000 and 2,700 m asl and low at the lower and upper forest limits. The minimum CaCO3 con- centration, pH value and EC coincided with the maximum precipitation belt at 2,000 m asl. The SOM, TN and TP were high in the topsoil （0-10 cm） and differed significantly from the values observed in the deep soil layers （〉10 cm）. The soil nutrients exhibited spatial heterogeneity and higher aggregation in the topsoil. In conclusion, soil and climate are closely related to each other, working synergistically to determine the development and spatial distribution of the mid-mou

关键词： mid-mountain forest climatic conditions soil properties Picea schrenkiana arid region central Asia

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Simultaneous enhancement in strength and ductility of Fe_(50)Mn_(30)Co_(10)Cr_(10)high-entropy alloy via nitrogen alloying

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2021年第6期65卷 210-215页

作者： Yu Han Huabing Li Hao feng Kemei Li yanzhong Tian Zhouhua Jiang School of Metallurgy Northeastern UniversityShenyang 110819China State Key Laboratory of Rolling and Automation Northeastern UniversityShenyang 110819China School of Materials Science and Engineering Northeastern UniversityShenyang 110819China

The effect of nitrogen on microstructural evolution and tensile properties of transformation-induced plasticity(TRIP)Fe_(50)Mn_(30)Co_(10)Cr_(10)HEAs was investigated.Nitrogen was fully introduced in solid solution by pressure-induced melting technique.Nitrogen addition turned the TRIP alloy to a twinning-induced plasticity(TWIP)alloy,and simultaneously improved the strength and elongation.For the nitrogen-doped HEA,the high yield strength is mainly resulted from the friction stress via interstitial strengthening effect,and the high ductility is originated from retained high strain-hardening capability via the successive onset of dislocation accumulation and deformation twinning.The strain-hardening behavior and microstructural evolution at specified strains were revealed.

关键词： High-entropy alloy(HEA) Transformation-induced plasticity(TRIP) Twinning-induced plasticity(TWIP) Strength Ductility

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Grinding-Hardening of Face Gears Under Minimum Quantity Lubrication with Disc Wheels

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Journal of Beijing Institute of Technology 2020年第4期29卷 514-519页

作者： yanzhong Wang Guoying Su Daoyun Qiao Weiwei feng Yuxia Pei School of Mechanical Engineering and Automation Beihang UniversityBeijing 100191China Inner Mongolia First Machinery Group Co. LtdBaotou 014000Inner MongoliaChina

To shorten the process of face gears,the grinding-hardening effect experiment of face gears under minimum quantity lubrication(MQL)was carried out.Firstly,the grinding method of face gears was analyzed based on the envelope principle,and the control equation of grinding movement was constructed.Secondly,the distribution ratio equation of heat flux density was established,and the theoretical calculation formula of triangle heat source was derived.Thirdly,since a MATLAB calculation program was compiled,the temperature change law under MQL grinding was analyzed.In the end,the influence of grinding parameters on the grinding-hardening layer depth was analyzed.The results demonstrate that MQL grinding achieves the grinding-hardening effect.

关键词： face gear grinding heat treatment tooth hardening

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突加不平衡下弹性环挤压油膜阻尼器减振性能实验

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航空动力学报 2023年第1期38卷 32-40页

作者：张广辉黄延忠陈亚龙王震林徐科繁冯磊哈尔滨工业大学能源科学与工程学院哈尔滨150001 中国航发商用航空发动机有限责任公司上海200241 中国工程物理研究院总体工程研究所四川绵阳621900

为了研究在瞬态冲击(突加不平衡)下弹性环挤压油膜阻尼器(elastic ring squeeze film damper,ERSFD)对转子系统突增振动的抑制效果,设计并搭建带ERSFD的转子动力学实验台,开展突加不平衡动力学实验,获取阻尼器供油和不供油下转子系统升... 详细信息

为了研究在瞬态冲击(突加不平衡)下弹性环挤压油膜阻尼器(elastic ring squeeze film damper,ERSFD)对转子系统突增振动的抑制效果,设计并搭建带ERSFD的转子动力学实验台,开展突加不平衡动力学实验,获取阻尼器供油和不供油下转子系统升速及降速过程中的振动响应规律。结果表明ERSFD供油后有效地抑制了突加不平衡引起的瞬态响应,降低了突加不平衡引起的额外振动74.39%,同时抑制了转子经过临界转速的基频振动(幅值最大降低了62.18%);ERSFD供油后会在转子系统中引入额外的刚度和阻尼,其综合效果表现为转子的临界转速较ERSFD不供油的状态下,1阶临界转速降低2.39%。

关键词：突加不平衡弹性环挤压油膜阻尼器瞬态响应临界转速减振效果

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低温冷箱中辐射与导热耦合传热的数值模拟

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西安交通大学学报 2005年第9期39卷 985-988页

作者：祝银海厉彦忠余锋西安交通大学能源与动力工程学院西安710049

针对3种不同的隔热处理方案,对低温冷箱中辐射和导热耦合传热进行了数值模拟,同时考虑了管道、支架和横梁对系统传热的影响.计算结果表明:在相同情况下,采取设备包铝箔和加隔热屏的措施使换热器表面的辐射跑冷损失减少了2/3以上;只加铝... 详细信息

针对3种不同的隔热处理方案,对低温冷箱中辐射和导热耦合传热进行了数值模拟,同时考虑了管道、支架和横梁对系统传热的影响.计算结果表明:在相同情况下,采取设备包铝箔和加隔热屏的措施使换热器表面的辐射跑冷损失减少了2/3以上;只加铝箔隔热屏时,换热器与横梁间的热桥跑冷也得到了改善,跑冷损失减少了1/2左右.因此,在冷箱与换热器之间加铝箔隔热屏是改善低温冷箱温度分布和降低跑冷损失的一种有效方法.

关键词：辐射冷箱耦合传热数值模拟

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