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numerical simulation of granular silicon growth and silicon fines formation process in polysilicon fluidized bed

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Particuology 2024年第4期87卷 74-86页

作者： Guangkai Gu Guoqiang Lv Wenhui ma Shanlin Du Boqiang Fu Faculty of Metallurgical and Energy Engineering Kunming University of Science and TechnologyKunming 650093China State Key Laboratory of Complex nonferrous Metal Resources Cleaning Utilization in Yunnan Province Kunming 650093China

Operating conditions strongly affect the yield and quality of polysilicon in a polysilicon fluidized *** this study,a new model of polysilicon fluidized bed was established using the Euler-Euler model coupled with population balance model(PBM),which was combined with fluid flow,heat,and mass transfer models,while considering the scavenging effect of silicon *** effects of different operating conditions on the deposition and formation rates of silicon fines were *** show that the model can correctly describe the particle growth process in the fluidized bed of *** silicon fines and the interphase velocity difference show"n"-and"M"-shaped distributions along the axial direction,*** particle temperature and concentration near the wall are higher than those in the central *** decomposition of silane in the bottom region of the bed is dominated by het-erogeneous *** scavenging of silicon fines occurs in the dilute-phase *** effects of operating conditions,*** gas temperature,silane composition,and gas velocity,on the reactor performance were also explored *** the inlet gas composition and velocity enhances the formation rates of solid silicon and *** the inlet gas temperature promotes the growth of solid silicon and inhibits the formation of silicon *** fluidization ratio,low inlet silane concentration,and high inlet gas temperature enhance the selectivity of silicon growth.

关键词： Polysilicon fluidized bed Particle growth Fines CFD Population balance model(PBM)

Decade Milestone Advancement of Defect-Engineered g-C_(3)n_(4) for Solar Catalytic Applications

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nano-Micro Letters 2024年第4期16卷 153-218页

作者： Shaoqi Hou Xiaochun Gao Xingyue Lv Yilin Zhao Xitao Yin Ying Liu Juan Fang Xingxing Yu Xiaoguang ma Tianyi ma Dawei Su School of mathematical and Physical Sciences Faculty of ScienceUniversity of Technology Sydney(UTS)SydneyNSW 2007Australia Laboratory of Plasma and Energy Conversion School of Physics and Optoelectronic EngineeringLudong University186 Middle Hongqi RoadYantai 264025People’s Republic of China School of Energy and Environmental Engineering University of Science and Technology BeijingBeijing 100083People’s Republic of China Department of Chemistry The University of Tokyo7‑3‑1 HogoBunkyoTokyoJapan School of Science STEM CollegeRMIT UniversityMelbourneVIC 3000Australia

Over the past decade, graphitic carbon nitride(g-C_(3)n_(4)) has emerged as a universal photocatalyst toward various sustainable carbo-neutral technologies. Despite solar applications discrepancy, g-C_(3)n_(4) is still confronted with a general fatal issue of insufficient supply of thermodynamically active photocarriers due to its inferior solar harvesting ability and sluggish charge transfer dynamics. Fortunately, this could be significantly alleviated by the “all-in-one” defect engineering strategy, which enables a simultaneous amelioration of both textural uniqueness and intrinsic electronic band structures. To this end, we have summarized an unprecedently comprehensive discussion on defect controls including the vacancy/non-metallic dopant creation with optimized electronic band structure and electronic density, metallic doping with ultraactive coordinated environment(M–n_(x), M–C_(2)n_(2), M–O bonding), functional group grafting with optimized band structure, and promoted crystallinity with extended conjugation π system with weakened interlayered van der Waals interaction. Among them, the defect states induced by various defect types such as n vacancy, P/S/halogen dopants, and cyano group in boosting solar harvesting and accelerating photocarrier transfer have also been emphasized. More importantly, the shallow defect traps identified by femtosecond transient absorption spectra(fs-TAS) have also been highlighted. It is believed that this review would pave the way for future readers with a unique insight into a more precise defective g-C_(3)n_(4) “customization”, motivating more profound thinking and flourishing research outputs on g-C_(3)n_(4)-based photocatalysis.

关键词： Defect engineering g-C_(3)n_(4) Electronic band structures Photocarrier transfer kinetics Defect states

A practical guide for fast implementation of SnARE-mediated liposome fusion

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Biophysics Reports 2024年第1期10卷 31-40页

作者： Shen Wang Cong ma Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of the Ministry of Education College of Life Science and TechnologyHuazhong University of Science and Technology

Soluble n-ethylmaleimide-sensitive factor attachment protein receptor(SnAER) family proteins are the engines of most intra-cellular and exocytotic membrane fusion pathways(Jahn and Scheller 2006).Over the past two decades, in-vitro liposome fusion has been proven to be a powerful tool to reconstruct physiological SnARE-mediated membrane fusion processes(Liu et al. 2017). The reconstitution of the membrane fusion process not only provides direct evidence of the capability of the cognate SnARE complex in driving membrane fusion but also allows researchers to study the functional mechanisms of regulatory proteins in related pathways(Wickner and Rizo 2017). Heretofore, a variety of delicate methods for in-vitro SnARE-mediated liposome fusion have been established(Bao et al. 2018;Diao et al. 2012; Duzgunes 2003; Gong et al. 2015; Heo et al. 2021; Kiessling et al. 2015; Kreye et al.2008; Kyoung et al. 2013; Liu et al. 2017; Scott et al. 2003). Although technological advances have made reconstitution more physiologically relevant, increasingly elaborate experimental procedures, instruments, and data processing algorithms nevertheless hinder the non-experts from setting up basic SnARE-mediated liposome fusion assays. Here, we describe a low-cost, timesaving, and easy-to-handle protocol to set up a foundational in-vitro SnARE-mediated liposome fusion assay based on our previous publications(Liu et al. 2023; Wang and ma 2022). The protocol can be readily adapted to assess various types of SnARE-mediated membrane fusion and the actions of fusion regulators by using appropriate alternative additives(e.g., proteins, macromolecules, chemicals, etc.). The total time required for one round of the assay is typically two days and could be extremely compressed into one day.

关键词： Liposome fusion SnARE In-vitro reconstitution Protocol

Recent advances in the synthesis and application of n-heterocyclic carbene-based molecular cages

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Science China Chemistry 2024年第5期67卷 1510-1523页

作者： Qiongjie Chai Lixin Duan Yanzhe ma Tianheng Hou Tao Tu Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative materials Department of ChemistryFudan UniversityShanghai 200438China State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry Shanghai Institute of Organic ChemistryChinese Academy of SciencesShanghai 200032China

n-Heterocyclic carbene(nHC)-based cages have emerged as a prominent and dynamic research area within the research field of chemistry. Leveraging the distinctive electronic and steric properties of nHC ligands, the design, synthesis, and application of these corresponding cages have garnered substantial scholarly interest. In recent years, we have witnessed the successful fabrication of diverse nHC-based cages through a range of synthetic methodologies, which hold significant potential for applications in molecular recognition and catalysis. In this review, we delve into the foundational synthetic strategies that underlie the creation of nHC-based cages, employing approaches encompassing metal–nHC chelation, coordination assembly,and covalent bonding. Additionally, we compile the diverse applications of these cages within catalytic processes and molecular recognition. Lastly, we shed light on the current limitations of synthesis and outline future trends in the development of nHCbased cages.

关键词： n-heterocyclic carbene molecular cages supramolecular chemistry synthetic strategies applications

Dynamic analysis of axle box bearings on the high-speed train caused by wheel-rail excitation

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Applied mathematics and Mechanics(English Edition) 2024年第3期45卷 441-460页

作者： Qiaoying ma Shaopu YAnG Yongqiang LIU Baosen WAnG Zechao LIU State Key Laboratory of Mechanical behavior and System Safety of Traffic Engineering Structures Shijiazhuang Tiedao UniversityShijiazhuang 050043China School of Transportation Shijiazhuang Tiedao UniversityShijiazhuang 050043China School of Mechanical Engineering Shijiazhuang Tiedao UniversityShijiazhuang 050043China

To explore the impact of wheel-rail excitation on the dynamic performance of axle box bearings,a dynamic model of the high-speed train including axle box bearings is ***,the dynamic response characteristics of the axle box bearing are *** investigation focuses on the acceleration characteristics of bearing vibration under excitation of track irregularities and wheel *** addition,experiments on both normal and faulty bearings are conducted separately,and the correctness of the model and some conclusions are *** to the research,track irregularity is unfavorable for bearing fault detection based on resonance *** the same speed conditions,the acceleration peak of bearing is inversely proportional to the length of the wheel flat and directly proportional to its *** paper will contribute to a deeper understanding of the dynamic performance of axle box bearings.

关键词： high-speed train track irregularity wheel flat dynamic simulation

Left Frobenius Pairs,Cotorsion Pairs and Weak Auslander-Buchweitz Contexts in Triangulated Categories

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Algebra Colloquium 2024年第2期31卷 285-308页

作者： Xin ma Tiwei Zhao Zhaoyong Huang nanqing Ding College of Science Henan University of EngineeringZhengzhou 451191China School of mathematical Sciences Qufu Normal University QufuShandong 273165China Department of mathematics Nanjing UniversityNanjing 210093China 不详

Let T be a triangulated category with a proper classξof *** introduce the notions of left Frobenius pairs,left(n-)cotorsion pairs and left(weak)Auslander-Buchweitz contexts with respect toξin *** show how to construct left cotorsion pais from left n-cotorsion pairs,and establish a one-to-one correspondence between left Frobenius pairs and left(weak)Auslander-Buchweitz *** applications are given in the Gorenstein homological theory of triangulated categories.

关键词： left Frobenius pairs left n-cotorsion pairs left(weak)Auslander-Buchweitz contexts homological dimensions

Design of new chemicals for advanced electrolytes

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Science China Chemistry 2024年第5期67卷 1378-1380页

作者： Haoran Cheng Zheng ma Qian Li Jun Ming State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Resource Utilization Changchun Institute of Applied ChemistryChinese Academy of SciencesChangchun130022China University of Science and Technology of China Hefei 230026China

This highlight is inspired by a recent article in nature Energy in which Liu and co-workers [1] from Tsinghua University designed a new asymmetric lithium salt (i.e., lithium 1,1,1-trifluoro-n-[2-[2-(2-methoxy ethoxy)ethoxy]ethyl] methanesulfonamide (Li FEA)) and applied it as a new lithium-salt additive in the conventional carbonate-based electrolyte,overcoming the incompatibility issue of carbonate electrolytes with lithium metal in lithium metal batteries (LMBs),even achieving a fast-charging feature.

关键词： lithium carbonate electrolyte

Lightweight Si_(3)n_(4)@SiO_(2) ceramic foam for thermal insulation and electromagnetic wave transparency

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nano Research 2024年第5期17卷 4298-4306页

作者： Zongwei Tong Xiangjie Yan Yuexiang Wang Kexun Li Weihai ma China-Blarus Belt and Road Joint Laboratory on Electromagnetic Environment Effect the 33rd Research Institute of ChinaElectronics Technology Group CorporationTaiyuan 030032China Key Laboratory for Advanced Ceramics and machining Technology of Ministry of Education School of Material Science and EngineeringTianjin UniversityTianjin 300072China Department of materials Science and Engineering Jinzhong UniversityJinzhong 030619China

Increasing porosity is one of the most direct ways to improve the thermal insulation and dielectric properties of *** now,many wet methods for preparing Si_(3)n_(4) ceramic foams usually face the problems of complex rheology,long period,and expensive cost,and the reported pore sizes of Si_(3)n_(4) ceramic foams are typically micron-grade,resulting in a lack of competitiveness in thermal insulation and wave-transparent *** this paper,the Si_(3)n_(4)@SiO_(2) ceramic foams were prepared using an efficient dry-method,which combined three processes of low temperature chemical vapor deposition(LTCVD),template,and isostatic *** method has the advantages of simple operation and short preparation period,and can realize near-net size molding and mass *** addition,the evolution mechanisms of honeycomb microstructure and composition of Si_(3)n_(4)@SiO_(2) ceramic foam during sintering were studied by chemical reaction *** as-prepared Si_(3)n_(4)@SiO_(2) ceramic foam possesses low density(0.377 g·cm^(-3)),high compressive strength(7.5 MPa),low thermal conductivity(0.0808 W·m^(-1)·K^(-1)),and excellent dielectric properties(εnδn the frequency range of 8-18 GHz,and its maximum working temperature in air can reach up to 1100℃.It will be recommended to be applied in the interlayer of Si_(3)n_(4) ceramic radome to improve its thermal insulation and electromagnetic wave transparency performances.

关键词： silicon nitride ceramic foam honeycomb microstructure dielectric properties thermal insulation

Characterization of Arroyo Verde Epithermal Deposit:Paragenesis,Mineral Geochemistry,Geochronology and Fluid Inclusions in Lower Chon Aike Volcanism,Argentina

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Journal of Earth Science 2024年第1期35卷 62-84页

作者： Cecilia Pavón Pivetta Leonardo Benedini Paulo marcos ma.Agustina Cócola Mercedes Virginia Barros Daniel Gregori Leonardo Strazzere Anderson Costa dos Santos mauro C.Geraldes Instituto Geologico del Sur(InGEOSUR) Universidad Nacional del Sur(UNS)-Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cientificas y Tecnicas(CONICET)Bahia Blanca 8000Argentina Dpto.de Geologia Universidad Nacional del Sur(UNS)Bahia Blanca 8000Argentina Universidad nacional de Rio negro Instituto de Investigacion en Paleobiologia y GeologiaGeneral Roca 8332Argentina Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro Faculdade de GeologiaDepartamento de Mineralogia e Petrologia igneaRiodeJaneiro20559-900Brazil Geobiotec Departamento de GeocienciasUniversidade de AveiroAveiro 3800-002Portuga

Arroyo Verde epithermal deposit,in the north Patagonia region of Argentina,is located within the Lower Chon Aike volcanism and is developed between 192.6±2.5 ma(mineralization host rock)and 189.5±2.6 ma(overlying lava).marifil volcanic complex is the host rock for these veins,veinlets and *** particular small deposit has developed low to intermediate sulphidation characteristics,with gangue mineral textures associated with several ore *** probe microanalysis determines electrum,silver minerals such as acanthite,and tetrahedrite,related Ag-Cu minerals like jalpaite,mckinstryite,stromeyerite,and base metals like chalcopyrite,sphalerite,galena and *** inclusions in quartz of two out of five events indicate that these Low Jurassic veins were formed due to subtle boiling and dilution mechanisms and by low-salinity(3.4 wt.%to 6.7 wt.%naCl Eq)magmatic-hydrothermal fluid at 225 to 310℃.The fluid inclusion measurements that indicate boiling(Event 3)were plotted,and based on this data,we interpret that the Arroyo Verde deposit has been eroded between 550 and 700 *** particular character has not been previously recorded for other sectors of the eastern north Patagonian region.

关键词： epithermal deposit Ag minerals mineral geochemistry fluid inclusions Chon Aike geochronology