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Pollution characteristics and health risk assessment of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and nitrated polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons during heating season in Beijing

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2023年第1期123卷 169-182页

作者： Xurong Bai Jie Wei yanqin ren Rui Gao Fahe Chai Hong Li Fei Xu Yuxue Kong State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment Chinese Research Academy of Environmental SciencesBeijing 100012China Shandong University Environment Research InstituteQingdao 266237China Key Laboratory of Ecosystem Network Observation and Modeling Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources ResearchChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China

Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons(PAHs)and their nitrated derivatives(NPAHs)attract continuous attention due to their outstanding carcinogenicity and mutagenicity.In order to investigate the diurnal variations,sources,formation mechanism,and health risk assessment of them in heating season,particulate matter(PM)were collected in Beijing urban area from December 26,2017 to January 17,2018.PAHs and NPAHs in PM were quantitatively analyzed via gas chromatography-mass spectrometry(GC-MS).Average daily concentrations of PAHs and NPAHs were(78±54)ng/m^(3)and(783±684)pg/m^(3),respectively.The concentrations of them were significantly higher at nighttime than at daytime,and NPAHs concentrations were 1-2 orders of magnitude lower than PAHs concentrations.In the heating season,the dominant species of PAHs include benzo[b]fluoranthene,fluoranthene,pyrene,and chrysene,while 9-nitroanthracene,2+3-nitrofluoranthene,and 2-nitropyrene were dominant species for NPAHs.NPAHs were found to have a single peak during heating and to be primarily distributed in the 0.4-0.7μm particle size.Primary emissions such as biomass burning,coal combustion,and traffic emissions were the major sources of PAHs.NPAHs were produced by the primary source of vehicle emissions and the secondary reaction triggered by OH radicals,as well as biomass burning during daytime.According to the health risk assessment,the total carcinogenic risk was higher in adults than in children.While upon oral ingestion,the carcinogenic risk in children was higher than that of adults,but the risk of adults was higher than children through skin contact and respiratory inhalation.

关键词： Heating season Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons Nitrated polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons Pollution characteristics Source Health risk assessment

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Seasonal variation and size distribution of biogenic secondary organic aerosols at urban and continental background sites of China

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2018年第9期30卷 32-44页

作者： yanqin ren Gehui Wang Jianjun Li Can Wu Cong Cao Jiayuan Wang Lu Zhang Fan Meng Hong Li State Key Laboratory of Loess and Quaternary Geology Institute of Earth Environment Chinese Academy of Sciences Xi'an 710061 China. Key Laboratory of Geographic Information Science of the Ministry of Education School of Geographic Sciences East China Normal UniversityShanghai 200041 China Center of Excellence in Regional Atmospheric Environment Institute of Urban Environment Chinese Academy of Sciences Xiamen 361021 China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijin9 100049 China State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences Beijing 100012 China

Size-resolved biogenic secondary organic aerosols （BSOA） derived from isoprene and monoterpene photooxidation in Qinghai Lake, Tibetan Plateau （a continental background site） and five cities of China were measured using gas chromatography/mass spectrometry （GC/MS）. Concentrations of the determined BSOA are higher in the cities than in the background and are also higher in summer than in winter. Moreover, strong positive correlations （R^2 = 0.44-0.90） between BSOA and sulfate were found at the six sites, suggesting that anthropogenic pollution （i.e., sulfate） could enhance SOA formation, because sulfate provides a surface favorable for acid-catalyzed formation of BSOA. Size distribution measurements showed that most of the determined SOA tracers are enriched in the fine mode （〈3.3 μm） except for cis-pinic and cis-pinonic acids, both presented a comparable mass in the fine and coarse （〉3.3 μm） modes, respectively. Mass ratio of oxidation products derived from isoprene to those from monoterpene in the five urban regions during summer are much less than those in Qinghai Lake region. In addition, in the five urban regions relative abundances of monoterpene oxidation products to SOA are much higher than those of isoprene. Such phenomena suggest that BSOA derived from monoterpenes are more abundant than those from isoprene in Chinese urban areas.

关键词： Biogenic secondary organic aerosols Photochemical oxidation Seasonal and spatial variations Size distribution Sulfate

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Chemical characteristics of haze particles in Xi＇an during Chinese Spring Festival： Impact of fireworks burning

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2018年第9期30卷 179-187页

作者： Can Wu Gehui Wang Jiayuan Wang Jianjun Li yanqin ren Lu Zhang Cong Cao Jin Li Shuagshuang Ge Yuning Xie Xinpei Wang Guoyan Xue State Key Laboratory of Loess and Quaternary Geology Key Lab of Aerosol Chemistry and Physics Institute of Earth Environment Chinese Academy of Sciences Xi' an 710061 China Key Laboratory of Geographic Information Science of the Ministry of Education School of Geographic Sciences East China Normal University Shanghai 210062 China Center for Excellence in Regional Atmospheric Environment Institute of Urban Environment Chinese Academy of Sciences Xiamen 361021 China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijin9 100049 China State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences Beijing 100012 China

Fireworks burning releases massive fine particles and gaseous pollutants, significantly deteriorating air quality during Chinese Lunar New Year （LNY） period. To investigate the impact of the fireworks burning on the atmospheric aerosol chemistry, 1-hr time resolution of PM2.5 samples in Xi＇an during the winter of 2016 including the LNY were collected and detected for inorganic ions, acidity and liquid water content （LWC） of the fine aerosols. PM2.5 during the LNY was 167 ± 87 μg/m^3, two times higher than the China National Ambient Air Quality Standard （75 μg/m^3）. K^＋（28 wt.% of the total ion mass） was the most abundant ion in the LNY period, followed by SO^2-4 （25 wt.%） and C1^- （18 wt.%）. In contrast, NO^-3 （34 wt.%） was the most abundant species in the haze periods （hourly PM2.5 〉 75 μg/m^3）, followed by SO^2-4 （29.2 wt.%） and NH^＋4 （16.3 wt.%）, while SC94 （35 wt.%） was the most abundant species in the clean periods （hourly PM2.5 〈 75 μg/m^3）, followed by NO^-3 （23.1 wt.%） and NH^＋4 （11 wt.%）. Being different from the acidic nature in the non-LNY periods, aerosol in the LNY period presented an alkaline nature with a pH value of 7.8 ± 1.3. LWC during the LNY period showed a robust linear correlation with K2SO4 and KC1, suggesting that aerosol hygroscopicity was dominated by inorganic salts derived from fireworks burning. Analysis of correlations between the ratios of NO^-3/SO^2-4 and NH^＋4/SO^2-4 indicated that heterogeneous reaction of HNO3 with NH3 was an important formation pathway of particulate nitrate and ammonium during the LNY period.

关键词： Inorganic ions Aerosol acidity Liquid water content Composition and source Nitrate formation

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Exploration of a Sequential Gp140-Gp145 Immunization Regimen with Heterologous Envs to Induce a Protective Cross-Reactive HIV Neutralizing Antibody Response In Non-human Primates

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Virologica Sinica 2021年第4期36卷 784-795页

作者： Xiangqing Ding Kangli Cao Jing Wang Yanmin Wan Qinyun Chen yanqin ren Yongtang Zheng Mingzhao Zhu renrong Tian Wenjun Wang Chen Zhao Xiaoyan Zhang Jianqing Xu Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center and Institutes of Biomedical Sciences Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular VirologyShanghai Medical CollegeFudan UniversityShanghai 201508China Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Human Disease Mechanisms of the Chinese Academy of Sciences and Yunnan Province Kunming Institute of ZoologyChinese Academy of SciencesKunming 650223China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China Key Laboratory of Infection and Immunity Institute of BiophysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China College of Life Sciences University of the Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China

Raising a heterologous tier 2 neutralizing antibody(nAb)response remains a daunting task for HIV vaccine development.In this study,we explored the utility of diverse HIV-1 envelope(Env)immunogens in a sequential immunization scheme as a solution to this task.This exploration stemmed from the rationale that gp145,a membrane-bound truncation form of HIV Env,may facilitate the focusing of induced antibody response on neutralizing epitopes when sequentially combined with the soluble gp140 form as immunogens in a prime-boost mode.We first showed that gp140 DNA prime-gp145 Tiantan vaccinia(TV)boost likely represents a general format for inducing potent nAb response in mice.However,when examined in rhesus macaque,this modality showed little effectiveness.To improve the efficacy,we extended the original modality by adding a strong protein boost,namely native-like SOSIP.664 trimer displayed on ferritin-based nanoparticle(NP),which was generated by a newly developed click approach.The resulting three-immunization regimen succeeded in eliciting tier-2 nAb response with substantial breadth when implemented in rhesus macaque over a short 8-week schedule.Importantly,the elicited nAb response was able to effectively contain viremia upon a heterologous SHIV challenge.Collectively,our studies highlighted that diversification of Env immunogens,in both types and formulations,under the framework of a sequential immunization scheme might open new opportunity toward HIV vaccine development.

关键词： Human immunodeficiency virus type 1(HIV-1) Vaccine Broadly neutralizing antibodies(bnAbs) Sequential immunization Native-like Env trimers Nanoparticle

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海绵城市理念下的雨水系统改造策略研究

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天津建设科技 2024年第3期34卷 54-57页

作者：任艳琴王绍华天津市城市规划设计研究总院有限公司天津300191 天津市政工程设计研究总院有限公司天津300392

为验证海绵城市设施建设对提高现状雨水系统应对不同重现期降雨能力的作用,在不提高现状雨水系统设计规模的前提下,引入海绵城市设施,利用SWMM模型模拟已建成的设计重现期1 a的现状雨水系统增加海绵城市设施前后1、3、5 a设计重现期条... 详细信息

为验证海绵城市设施建设对提高现状雨水系统应对不同重现期降雨能力的作用,在不提高现状雨水系统设计规模的前提下,引入海绵城市设施,利用SWMM模型模拟已建成的设计重现期1 a的现状雨水系统增加海绵城市设施前后1、3、5 a设计重现期条件下雨水系统径流。结果表明,增加海绵设施后,系统满足3a设计重现期条件下雨水排放的要求,对设计重现期为5 a的降雨也有较好地排放能力。

关键词：海绵城市雨水系统设计重现期

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Th17细胞与嗜酸性慢性鼻窦炎伴鼻息肉的相关性研究

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中国医学创新 2024年第6期21卷 155-159页

作者：任妍沁叶玉莹吴国清黄思蓉彭坤吴晖福建中医药大学福建福州350122 福建中医药大学附属人民医院耳鼻喉科福建福州350004

慢性鼻窦炎(CRS)是耳鼻喉科常见病、多发病,临床主要症状为鼻塞、流脓鼻涕、头昏、头痛、嗅觉减退,其病程长,病情缠绵难愈,严重影响患者的生存质量。尤其是嗜酸性慢性鼻窦炎伴鼻息肉(CRSwNP),其视觉模拟评分法(VAS)评分更高,鼻部症状更... 详细信息

慢性鼻窦炎(CRS)是耳鼻喉科常见病、多发病,临床主要症状为鼻塞、流脓鼻涕、头昏、头痛、嗅觉减退,其病程长,病情缠绵难愈,严重影响患者的生存质量。尤其是嗜酸性慢性鼻窦炎伴鼻息肉(CRSwNP),其视觉模拟评分法(VAS)评分更高,鼻部症状更多,且术后更易复发。当前,嗜酸性CRSwNP的病因和发病机制尚未完全阐明,现研究多认为免疫应答缺陷是其主要致病因素。本文根据Th17/Treg失衡为主的Th2型免疫反应对嗜酸性CRSwNP发病机制进行综述,为其临床诊治提供一定的理论依据。

关键词：嗜酸性粒细胞慢性鼻窦炎伴鼻息肉 Th17细胞

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Preparation and coagulation efficiency of polyaluminium ferric silicate chloride composite coagulant from wastewater of high-purity graphite production

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2011年第7期23卷 1122-1128页

作者： Xiaoxia Niu Xili Li Jihong Zhao Yigang ren yanqin Yang Henan Provincial Key Laboratory of Surface and Interface Science School of Materials and Chemical Engineering Zhengzhou University of Light Industry Zhengzhou 450002 China

The aim of the present work was to produce a polyaluminium ferric silicate chloride （PAFSiC） coagulant from acidic and alkaline wastewater of purifying graphite by roasting, and subsequently to evaluate coagulation efficiency of the reagent by treating surface water from the Yellow River as well as municipal wastewater in comparison with the conventional coagulant polyaluminium chloride （PAC）. The PAFSiC coagulant was prepared by co-polymerization. The effects of （Al＋Fe）/Si molar ratio, OH/（Al＋Fe） molar ratio （i.e., γ value）, coagulant dosage and pH value of test suspension on the coagulation behavior of FAFSiC and the stability of the PAFSiC were also examined. Results showed that PAFSiC performed more efficiently than PAC in removing turbidity, chemical oxygen demand （COD）, and total phosphate （TP）. The PAFSiC with a γ value of 2.0 and （Al＋Fe）/Si ratio of 5 （PAFSiC 2.0/5） showed excellent coagulation effect for both turbidity and COD, while PAFSiC 1.0/5 was the best for TP. The optimum coagulation pH range of PAFSiC 2.0/5 was 5.0–9.0, slightly wider than that of PAC （6.0–8.0）. The process can be easily incorporated into high-purity graphite production plants, thereby reducing wastewater pollution and producing a valuable coagulant.

关键词： polyaluminium ferric silicate chloride industrial minerals recycling coagulant wastewater

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单一市场税制:21世纪欧盟的雄心与愿景

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国际税收 2022年第5期 21-27页

作者：励扬任艳琴天津财经大学MBA教育中心中国标准化研究院

2021年10月8日,G20/OECD BEPS包容性框架136个辖区就应对经济数字化税收挑战的“双支柱”方案达成全面共识。欧盟希望以疫情后经济复苏和国际税收体系改革这两件“百年一遇”的大事为契机,推动单一市场税制的建设进程。本文分析了欧盟... 详细信息

2021年10月8日,G20/OECD BEPS包容性框架136个辖区就应对经济数字化税收挑战的“双支柱”方案达成全面共识。欧盟希望以疫情后经济复苏和国际税收体系改革这两件“百年一遇”的大事为契机,推动单一市场税制的建设进程。本文分析了欧盟委员会为此发布的《21世纪企业税收通讯文件》,对该文件提出的为支持欧洲经济复苏、绿色发展和数字化转型的短期措施和长期措施进行了深入阐释。本文认为,这些措施既彰显了欧盟建设单一市场税制的雄心与愿景,也反映出此次国际税改的难度和挑战,需要我们更好观察和认真思考。

关键词：欧盟单一市场税制国际税收体系企业在欧洲的所得税框架数字课税

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抗血小板治疗新靶点治疗急性冠脉综合征的研究进展

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中国临床药理学与治疗学 2023年第12期28卷 1422-1428页

作者：刘强任艳琴山西医科大学汾阳学院山西汾阳032200 山西医科大学附属汾阳医院山西汾阳032200

急性冠脉综合征(ACS)是一种由于冠状动脉内不稳定的粥样硬化斑块破裂或糜烂导致血栓形成的心脏急性缺血综合征。抗血小板治疗是治疗ACS的关键策略,尽管当前已取得一定成功,但仍存在局限性,如血栓复发和出血等副作用,这限制了药物的长期... 详细信息

急性冠脉综合征(ACS)是一种由于冠状动脉内不稳定的粥样硬化斑块破裂或糜烂导致血栓形成的心脏急性缺血综合征。抗血小板治疗是治疗ACS的关键策略,尽管当前已取得一定成功,但仍存在局限性,如血栓复发和出血等副作用,这限制了药物的长期使用。未来的抗血小板治疗可能通过针对参与血小板功能的新型靶点的拮抗作用,实现更有效或更安全的治疗方法。本文重点介绍了具有潜力的靶点抑制剂,包括糖蛋白VI(glycoprotein VI,GPVI)、蛋白酶激活受体(PAR)-4、GPIb、5-羟色胺受体亚型2A(5-HT2A)、蛋白二硫异构酶、p选择素和磷酸肌醇3-激酶β的抑制剂。

关键词：急性冠脉综合征抗血小板治疗出血药物

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巢湖沉水植物现状(2010年)及其与环境因子的关系

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湖泊科学 2011年第3期23卷 409-416页

作者：任艳芹陈开宁中国科学院南京地理与湖泊研究所湖泊与环境国家重点实验室南京210008 中国科学院研究生院北京100049

在对巢湖2010年沉水植物和环境因子调查的基础上,分析了巢湖沉水植物群落特征、分布规律,应用冗余分析探讨了沉水植物与环境因子之间的关系.结果表明,现场观测到的沉水植物共计4科5属6种,全湖生物量约为8077.8t,分布面积仅占巢湖总面积... 详细信息

在对巢湖2010年沉水植物和环境因子调查的基础上,分析了巢湖沉水植物群落特征、分布规律,应用冗余分析探讨了沉水植物与环境因子之间的关系.结果表明,现场观测到的沉水植物共计4科5属6种,全湖生物量约为8077.8t,分布面积仅占巢湖总面积的1.54%,其中马来眼子菜(Potamogeton malaianus Miq.)分布面积占沉水植物分布总面积的90.7%,是巢湖沉水植物中绝对优势种.金鱼藻(Ceratophyllum demersum Linn.)、穗花狐尾藻(Myriophyllum spicatum Linn.)和轮叶黑藻(Hydrilla verticillata(Linn.f.)Royle)等沉水植物稀少,已濒临消失.Monte Carlo测试检验的结果表明,水体总磷、正磷酸盐、化学需氧量、透明度和水深等与沉水植物群落分布的相关性极显著,但是水体总氮的影响并没有达到显著水平,说明巢湖流域沉水植物的群落分布受磷的限制要大于氮.检验结果还表明底泥的总氮和总磷与沉水植物的分布没有很好的相关性,而底泥总有机碳的影响达到了极显著水平.

关键词：巢湖沉水植物环境因子冗余分析

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