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New steelmaking process based on clean deoxidation technology

International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials 2024年第6期31卷 1249-1262页

作者： Zhongliang Wang yanping bao State Key Laboratory of Advanced Metallurgy University of Science and Technology BeijingBeijing 100083China

After the converter steelmaking process,a considerable number of ferroalloys are needed to remove dissolved oxygen from the molten steel,but it also forms a lot of oxide inclusions that cannot be completely *** the same time,it increases the carbon emis-sions in the steel production *** years of research,our team have developed a series of clean deoxidation technologies,includ-ing carbon deoxidation,hydrogen deoxidation,and waste plastic deoxidation of molten steel to address the aforementioned *** this study,thermodynamic calculations and laboratory experiments were employed to verify that carbon and hydrogen can reduce the total oxygen content in the molten steel melt to below 5×10^(-6) and 10×10^(-6),*** analysis of the deoxidation mechanisms and ef-fects of polyethylene and polypropylene was also *** addition,the applications of carbon deoxidation technology in different steels with the hot-state experiment and industrial production were discussed *** carbon deoxidation experimental results of different steels were as follows:(1)the oxygen content of bearing steel was effectively controlled at 6.3×10^(-6) and the inclusion number density was lowered by 74.73%compared to aluminum deoxidized bearing steel;(2)the oxygen content in gear steel was reduced to 7.7×10^(-6) and a 54.49%reduction of inclusion number density was achieved with almost no inclusions larger than 5μm from the average level of industry gear steels;(3)a total oxygen content of M2 high-speed steel was as low as 3.7×10^(-6).In industrial production practice,car-bon deoxidation technique was applied in the final deoxidation stage for non-aluminum deoxidized bearing steel,and it yielded excellent results that the oxygen content was reduced to below 8×10^(-6) and the oxide inclusions in the steel mainly consist of silicates,along with small amounts of spinel and calcium aluminate.

关键词： clean deoxidation carbon deoxidation hydrogen deoxidation waste plastics deoxidation

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Development and prospects of molten steel deoxidation in steelmaking process

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International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials 2024年第1期31卷 18-32页

作者： Zhongliang Wang yanping bao State Key Laboratory of Advanced Metallurgy University of Science and Technology BeijingBeijing 100083China

In the long traditional process of steelmaking,excess oxygen is blown into the converter,and alloying elements are used for *** inevitably results in excessive deoxidation of products remaining within the steel liquid,affecting the cleanliness of the *** the increasing requirements for steel performance,reducing the oxygen content in the steel liquid and ensuring its high cleanliness is *** more than a hundred years of development,the total oxygen content in steel has been reduced from approximately 100×10^(-6)to approximately 10×10^(-6),and it can be controlled below 5×10^(-6)in some steel grades.A relatively stable and mature deoxidation technology has been formed,but further reducing the oxygen content in steel is no longer significant for improving steel *** research team developed a deoxidation technology for bearing steel by optimizing the entire conventional *** technology combines silicon–manganese predeoxidation,ladle furnace diffusion deoxidation,and vacuum final *** successfully conducted industrial experiments and produced interstitial-free steel with natural decarbonization ***-aluminum deoxidation was found to control the oxygen content in bearing steel to between 4×10^(-6) and 8×10^(-6),altering the type of inclusions,eliminating large particle Ds-type inclusions,improving the flowability of the steel liquid,and deriving a higher fatigue *** natural decarbonization predeoxidation of interstitial-free steel reduced aluminum consumption and production costs and significantly improved the quality of cast billets.

关键词： steel deoxidation deoxidizer metallurgical equipment bearing steel IF steel

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Investigation of the structural, electronic and mechanical properties of CaO–SiO_(2) compound particles in steel based on density functional theory

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International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials 2023年第4期30卷 744-755页

作者： Chao Gu Ziyu Lyu Qin Hu yanping bao State Key Laboratory of Advanced Metallurgy University of Science and Technology BeijingBeijing 100083China Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Materials Genome Engineering University of Science and Technology BeijingBeijing 100083China

CaO–SiO_(2)compounds compromise one of the most common series of oxide particles in liquid steels, which could significantly affect the service performance of the steels as crack initiation sites. However, the structural, electronic, and mechanical properties of the compounds in CaO–SiO_(2)system are still not fully clarified due to the difficulties in the experiments. In this study, a thorough investigation of these properties of CaO–SiO_(2)compound particles in steels was conducted based on first-principles density functional theory. Corresponding phases were determined by thermodynamic calculation, including gamma dicalcium silicate(γ-C2S), alpha-prime(L) dicalcium silicate(αL′-C2S), alpha-prime(H) dicalcium silicate(αH′-C2S), alpha dicalcium silicate(α-C2S), rankinite(C3S2), hatrurite(C3S), wollastonite(CS), and pseudowollastonite(Ps-CS). The results showed that the calculated crystal structures of the eight phases agree well with the experimental results. All the eight phases are stable according to the calculated formation energies, and γ-C2S is the most stable. O atom contributes the most to the reactivity of these phases. The Young’s modulus of the eight phases is in the range of 100.63–132.04 GPa. Poisson’s ratio is in the range of0.249–0.281. This study provided further understanding concerning the CaO–SiO_(2)compound particles in steels and fulfilled the corresponding property database, paving the way for inclusion engineering and design in terms of fracture-resistant steels.

关键词： CaO–SiO_(2) density functional theory structural property electronic property mechanical property

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Effective removal of phosphorus from high phosphorus steel slag using carbonized rice husk

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2023年第2期124卷 156-164页

作者： Zhongliang Wang yanping bao Dazhi Wang Min Wang State Key Laboratory of Advanced Metallurgy University of Science and Technology BeijingBeijing 100083China

High phosphorus steel slag and carbonized rice husk are two common wastes characterized by high generation and low secondary use *** the reduction of high phosphorus steel slag by biomass,both wastes were fully utilized,thus reducing the negative impact on the *** this study,variables such as temperature,time,and amount of reactants were changed to determine the optimal conditions for the reaction of steel slag with carbonized rice husk at high *** actual amount of reducing agent consumed during the reduction was significantly greater than that predicted by theoretical *** three carbon equivalent of carbonized rice husk and maintaining at 1500℃ for 30 min could remove 79.25% of P_(2)O_(5) in the *** modeling the material cycle in which high phosphorus steel slag was treated with biomass,the product could be used for crop ***,the reduced iron and residual steel slag can be used tomake steel again,thereby leading to a sharp reduction in fossil fuel usage and greenhouse gas emissions in this process.

关键词： High phosphorus steel slag Carbonized rice husk Reduction dephosphorization Material cycle

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Dispersive bubble wall—a new method of flow control in tundish

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Journal of University of Science and Technology Beijing 2005年第6期12卷 500-503页

作者： Fuping Tang yanping bao Wei Jiang Taiquan Li Metallurgical and Ecological Engineering School University of Science and Technology Beijing Beijing 100083 China Anshan Iron and Steel Co. Anshan 114021 China Editorial Board of Journal of University of Science and Technology Beijing Beijing 100083 China

Tundish is the last refractory vessel in the steelmaking process. The fluid flow phenomena in tundish have a strong influence on the separation of non-metallic inclusions. The dispersive bubble wall （DBW） is a new method in tundish metallurgy. A water model of a multi-strand tundish has been set up based on the Froude number and Reynold number similarity criteria. The effect of DBW＋weir on the flow pattern has been studied. The results show that this new structure of DBW＋weir is beneficial not only to uniform the temperature among different submerge entry nozzles but also to separate non-metallic inclusions from liquid steel. The DBW can capture the particles of non-metallic inclusions and make them float up to the surface.

关键词： tundish fluid flow dispersive bubble wall water model

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Orthogonal analysis of water model study on the optimization of flow control devices in a six-strand tundish

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Journal of University of Science and Technology Beijing 2007年第2期14卷 118-124页

作者： Zhengyan Wei yanping bao Jianhua Liu Wenxu Gong baoming Wang Metallurgical and Ecological Engineering School University of Science and Technology Beijing Beijing 100083 China Tianjin Iron ＆ Steel Co. Ltd. Tianjin 300180 China

Improper flow control devices in a multi-strand tundish can cause some problems, for example, liquid steel cannot reach every nozzle at the same time and the liquid steel in nozzles far away from the entry zone has a lower temperature. The water model experiment of a six-strand tundish of Tianjin Iron ＆ Steel Co. Ltd. was performed, a new ＂U＂ type baffle was obtained, and its parameters were defined by perpendicular analysis. The ＂U＂ baffle can not only improve those imperfections, but also prolong the residence time of nonmetallic inclusions, which is good for their flotation and separation.

关键词： six-strand tundish water model flow control devices optimization

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Distribution and segregation of dissolved elements in pipeline slab

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Journal of University of Science and Technology Beijing 2007年第3期14卷 212-218页

作者： Jianhua Liu yanping bao Xian Dong Taiquan Li Yi Ren Shuai Zhang Metallurgical and Ecological Engineering School University of Science and Technology Beijing Beijng 100083 China Technology Center of ANSC Angang Steel Company Limited Anshan 114001 China

The chemical composition in a cross section of a high grade pipeline slab was measured point by point （in a scale of 1 μm） using original position statistic distribution analysis （OPA）. The result indicated that negative segregation strips of Si, Mn, Mo, Ni, Cr, Nb, Cu, Ti, and V exist in the two sides 24 mm away from the central line, with a width of 8-12 mm, Negative segregation inside the central line is more severe than that outside the central line, and the highest positive segregation of the elements appears closely by the inner sides of the negative segregation strips. No obvious negative segregation strip of S and P is found. Segregation of the elements in the central area is higher than that in the outer and inner arc areas. The segregation of C, Ti, S, and P is high and that of Cr, Cu, Si, and Mn is low in the slab.

关键词： original position statistic distribution analysis (OPA) segregation negative segregation pipeline

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Decarburization mechanism of RH-MFB refining process

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Journal of University of Science and Technology Beijing 2006年第3期13卷 218-221页

作者： Chuanji Han Liqun Ai Bosong Liu Jun Zhang yanping bao Kaike Cai Metallurgical and Ecological Engineering School University of Science and Technology Beijing Beijing 100083 China Metallurgy and Energy Sources School Hebei Polytechnic University Tangshan 063009 China

The overall decarburization mechanism can be divided into the decarburization in bulk molten steel and floating of CO against static pressure, the decarburization on the surface of argon bubbles and splashing particles. On the basis of each conception the RH-MFB decarburization mathematical model has been built according to the thermodynamic and mass conservation principle, and contributions of every decarburization mechanism were discussed and analyzed.

关键词： RH-MFB refining decarburization mechanism

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Effect of traveling-wave magnetic field on dendrite growth of high-strength steel slab: Industrial trials and numerical simulation

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International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials 2023年第9期30卷 1716-1728页

作者： Cheng Yao Min Wang Youjin Ni Dazhi Wang Haibo Zhang Lidong Xing Jian Gong yanping bao State Key Laboratory of Advanced Metallurgy University of Science and Technology BeijingBeijing 100083China Technical Support Center for Prevention and Control of Disastrous Accidents in Metal Smelting University of Science and Technology BeijingBeijing 100083China Qianshun Technology Center Shougang Qian’an Iron and Steel CompanyQian’an 064404China

The dendrite growth behavior of high-strength steel during slab continuous casting with a traveling-wave magnetic field was studied in this paper. The morphology of the solidification structure and composition distribution were analyzed. Results showed that the columnar crystals could deflect and break when the traveling-wave magnetic field had low current intensity. With the increase in current intensity, the secondary dendrite arm spacing and solute permeability decreased, and the columnar crystal transformed into an equiaxed crystal. The electromagnetic force caused by the traveling-wave magnetic field changed the temperature gradient and velocity magnitude and promoted the breaking and fusing of dendrites. Dendrite compactness and composition uniformity were arranged in descending order as follows:columnar-toequiaxed transition (high current intensity), columnar crystal zone (low current intensity), columnar-to-equiaxed transition (low current intensity), and equiaxed crystal zone (high current intensity). Verified numerical simulation results combined with the boundary layer theory of solidification front and dendrite breaking–fusing model revealed the dendrite deflection mechanism and growth process. When thermal stress is not considered, and no narrow segment can be found in the dendrite, the velocity magnitude on the solidification front of liquid steel can reach up to 0.041 m/s before the dendrites break.

关键词： high-strength steel traveling-wave magnetic field dendrite growth numerical simulation

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Experimental Study of Fluid Flow in Thin Slab Continuous Caster Mould with Water-Model

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International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials 1999年第1期13卷 15-19页

作者： yanping bao Jianqiang Zhu Naiyuan Tian baomei Xu(Metallurgy School, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China) Metallurgy School University of Science and Technology Beijing Beijing 100083 China

Model study is an efficient method for optimizing the siructure of the mould and the submerged entry nozzle (SEN). Based on the similarity criteria, a full-scale water model has been established in accordance with the mould of thin-slab caster of the CSP (Compact Strip Production) operation. The effects of SEN structure including outlet area, outflow angle, nozzle width, thick-ness and immersion depth have been studied under high speed casting by measuring the amplitude and the impetus of top waves. By the orthogonal experiment design, not only the influence of the faCtors was estimated, but also the optimum work condition was judged. The rules of the fluid flow phenomena were summarized. The principle for choosing a reasonable structure of SEN was discussed.

关键词： thin-slab casting mould submerged entry nozzle (SEN) water-model

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