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Three dimensional velocity model and its tectonic implications at China Seismic Experimental Site,eastern margin of the Tibetan Plateau

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Science China Earth Sciences 2024年第7期67卷 2268-2290页

作者： Jianping WU Yan CAI Wei WANG Weilai WANG Changzai WANG Lihua FANG yaning liu Jing liu Institute of Geophysics China Earthquake AdministrationBeijing 100081China Beijing Bajatuan Earth Science National Observation and Research Station Beijing 1095China Beijing Earthquake Agency Beijing 100080China

The China Seismic Experimental Site(CSES)is located at the intersection of the Tibetan Plateau,South China Block,and Indian Plate and has complex geological settings and intense crustal deformation,making it one of the most seismically active areas in Chinese mainland.A high-resolution,three-dimensional(3D)crust-mantle velocity structure is crucial for understanding seismotectonic environments,lithospheric deformation mechanisms,and deep dynamic processes.We first constructed a high-vertical-resolution 3D initial velocity model using the joint inversion of receiver functions and surface waves and then obtained a 3D P-and S-wave velocity model(CSES-VM1.0)with the highest lateral resolution of 0.25°for the CSES using double-difference tomography.Owing to the limitations of the Sn observation data,the resolution of the S-wave velocity model in the lower crust and upper mantle was reduced,making it closer to the initial model provided by joint inversion.A comparison with explosive-source seismic data showed that the synthetic P-wave first-arrival travel times of the new model were closer to the observations than those of the previous velocity models.The velocity cross-sections across the source areas of the 2022 Lushan MS6.1 and Ludian MS6.8 earthquakes reveal that the former earthquake occurred near a weak contact zone between the Tibetan Plateau and Sichuan Basin,and the rupture of the latter earthquake occurred in a granitic area,with the northern end blocked by rigid high-velocity bodies.A clear high-velocity anomaly zone is distributed along the western margin of the Yangtze Block,revealing the spatial distribution of Neoproterozoic intermediate-basic intrusions.This high-velocity zone significantly controls the morphology of fault zones and influences the rupture processes of major earthquakes.Two northeast-southwest and north-south trending high-velocity anomalies were found near Panzhihua,potentially related to Neoproterozoic and Middle-Late Permian intermediate-basic intrusions.The imaging results revealed t

关键词： Eastern Tibetan Plateau China Seismic Experimental Site Yangtze Block Velocity model Double-difference tomography

Research on dynamic measurement method of speckle in laser display

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Optoelectronics Letters 2024年第6期20卷 360-366页

作者： liu Hong liu yaning ZHANG Xiaoyu School of Electronics Information Shanghai Dianji UniversityShanghai 201306China

Laser display technology is the most promising display technology in the market and is widely used in many fields. However, laser speckle has been troubling the application and expansion of this technology in some fields. In order to better evaluate the speckle, speckle measurement methods must be studied. In this study, a dynamic measurement method for laser speckles is proposed according to the optical superposition characteristics of speckle, which can reduce the influence of non-coherent factors on the speckle measurement results. The feasibility of the dynamic speckle measurement method is verified by designing an experimental scheme.

关键词： Research on dynamic measurement method of speckle in laser display

Arc Grounding Fault Identification Using Integrated Characteristics in the Power Grid

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Energy Engineering 2024年第7期121卷 1883-1901页

作者： Penghui liu yaning Zhang Yuxing Dai Yanzhou Sun School of Electrical Engineering and Automation Henan Polytechnic UniversityJiaozuo454003China Research and Development Center Guangdong Zhicheng Champion Group Co.Ltd.Dongguan523000China Henan Key Laboratory of Intelligent Detection and Control of Coal Mine Equipment Henan Polytechnic UniversityJiaozuo454003China

Arc grounding faults occur frequently in the power grid with small resistance grounding neutral points.The existing arc fault identification technology only uses the fault line signal characteristics to set the identification index,which leads to detection failure when the arc zero-off characteristic is short.To solve this problem,this paper presents an arc fault identification method by utilizing integrated signal characteristics of both the fault line and sound lines.Firstly,the waveform characteristics of the fault line and sound lines under an arc grounding fault are studied.After that,the convex hull,gradient product,and correlation coefficient index are used as the basic characteristic parameters to establish fault identification criteria.Then,the logistic regression algorithm is employed to deal with the reference samples,establish the machine discrimination model,and realize the discrimination of fault types.Finally,simulation test results and experimental results verify the accuracy of the proposed method.The comparison analysis shows that the proposed method has higher recognition accuracy,especially when the arc dissipation power is smaller than 2×103 W,the zero-off period is not obvious.In conclusion,the proposed method expands the arc fault identification theory.

关键词： Arc fault convex hull algorithm correlation coefficient fault identification gradient logistic regression

Ancient mitochondrial genome depicts sheep maternal dispersal and migration in Eastern Asia

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Journal of Genetics and Genomics 2024年第1期51卷 87-95页

作者： liu Yang Xing Zhang yaning Hu Piao Zhu Hua Li Zhenyu Peng Hai Xiang Xinying Zhou Xingbo Zhao National Engineering Laboratory for Animal Breeding Key Laboratory of AnimalGeneticsBreeding and ReproductionMinistry of Agriculture and Rural AffairsCollege of Animal Science and TechnologyChina Agricultural UniversityBeijing 100193China Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Molecular Design and Precise Breeding School of Life Science and EngineeringFoshan UniversityFoshanGuangdong 528225China State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Genomics BGI-ShenzhenShenzhenGuangdong 518083China Key Laboratory of Vertebrate Evolution and Human Origins Institute of Vertebrate Paleontology and PaleoanthropologyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100044China

Sheep have been one of the most important groups of animals since ancient times.However,the knowledge of their migration routes and genetic relationships is still poorly understood.To investigate sheep maternal migration histories alongside Eurasian communications routes,in this study,we obtain mitochondrial genomes(mitogenomes)from 17 sheep remains in 6 Chinese sites and 1 Uzbekistan site dated 4429–3100 years before present(BP).By obtaining the mitogenomes from the sheep(4429–3556 BP)found in the Tongtian Cave site in Xinjiang,Altai region of northwest China,our results support the emergence of haplogroup C sheep in Xinjiang as early as 4429–3556 BP.The combined phylogenetic analyses with extant ancient and modern sheep mitogenomes suggest that the Uzbekistan-Altai region may have been a migration hub for early sheep in eastern Asia.At least two migration events have taken place for sheep crossing Eurasia to China,one passing by Uzbekistan and Northwest China to the middle and lower reaches of the Yellow River at approximately 4000 BP and another following the Altai region to middle Inner Mongolia from 4429 BP to 2500 BP.Overall,this study provides further evidence for early sheep utilization and migration patterns in Eastern Asia.

关键词： Sheep Ancient DNA Eastern Asia Mitochondrial genome Migration Altai

Enhanced population of excited single state strategy:Irradiation and ultrasound dual-response and host tumor-driven nanosensitizers construction in triple synergistic therapy

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Nano Research 2024年第6期17卷 5501-5511页

作者： yaning Li Mengyan Tian Tianyue Yang Jiayu Cao Hongli Chen Jun Guo Pai liu Yi liu State Key Laboratory of Separation Membranes and Membrane Processes School of Materials Science and EngineeringTiangong UniversityTianjin 300387China State Key Laboratory of Separation Membranes and Membrane Processes School of ChemistryTiangong UniversityTianjin 300387China State Key Laboratory of Separation Membranes and Membrane Processes School of Life ScienceTiangong UniversityTianjin 300387China State Key Laboratory of Separation Membrane and Membrane Process&Tianjin Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Technology and Process Engineering School of ChemistryTiangong UniversityTianjin 300387China School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering Wuhan Polytechnic UniversityWuhan 430023China Cangzhou Institute of Tiangong University Cangzhou 061000China

Phototheranostics is an emerging field in synergistic antitumor therapy in which irradiation and sensitizers are combined to produce reactive oxygen species(ROS),bio-images,and high temperatures.All of these are arrived from the energy of sensitizers,which located in excited single state(S_(1)).Undeniably,the decentralization of the S_(1)population indirectly decreases the effect of each individual treatment.In this study,a strategy was proposed for enhancing the S_(1)population,and a sensitizer with mitochondrial targeting property,1,4-indolyl iodinated pyrrolo[3,2-b]pyrrole derivative(2I-TPIS),was assembled into adenosine triphosphate(ATP)-responsive nanoparticles(DPA-2I NPs)to achieve dual responses to irradiation and ultrasonication(US)for application to photo-sonodynamic therapy(PSDT).Compared with monotherapies,2I-TPIS generated more ROS in PSDT,inducing mitochondrial autophagy and apoptosis,which in turn triggered immunogenic cell death(ICD).Subsequently,DPA-2I NPs were constructed and self-assembled with the chemotherapeutic agents DPA-Cd and 2I-TPIS to achieve a triple synergistic strategy involving chemotherapy(CT)and PSDT.DPA-2I NPs exhibited absolute sensitization,intra-tumoral overexpression of ATP,and disassembly.Importantly,the biosafety and potent antitumor efficiency of the DPA-2I NP-based“PSDT+CT”therapy were revealed using a 4T1 tumor model.The study results provide insights into the design of sensitizers possessing a sufficient S_(1)population and a highly efficient tumor ablation capacity derived from molecular structural modulation,further enabling triple synergistic antitumor therapies,and expanding the clinical application of sensitizers.

关键词： triphosphate(ATP)-activated nano-sensitizers photo-sonodynamic therapy aggregation-induced emission enhanced excited state population

Four-birds-with-one-stone:A multifunctional Ti-based material for solar-driven water evaporation

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Nano Research 2024年第5期17卷 4498-4506页

作者： Yannan Li yaning Sun Dan Zhang Yu Xue Jie Wang Nan Zhang Jun Wang Jiangwei Zhang Yan Zhao Jun-Jie liu School of Physical Science and Technology College of Energy Materials and ChemistryInner Mongolia UniversityHohhot 010021China

Sustainable,environmentally friendly and low-energy desalination materials have important research value for the increasing demand of freshwater year by year.However,it is a huge challenge to maintain high heat energy transfer efficiency without reducing the heat conversion capacity of specific solar photothermal conversion materials.Moreover,their efficiency and durability are greatly limited by the problems of seawater corrosion,oil,and bacteria pollutions.Till now,no related work has been reported to solve all the aforementioned problems via a simple four-birds-with-one-stone strategy.Herein,a class of multifunctional porous photothermal silver(Ag)modified Ti foams(Tf-TA/Ag series materials)is prepared for the development of advanced solar water evaporation devices,and provides alternative materials for alleviating freshwater crisis and treating sewage.The oil contact angle(OCA)changes from 41°to 180°,which significantly reduces the adhesion of oil.In addition,Tf-TA2/Ag sample also shows an excellent and sustained antibacterial effect,which maintains above 99.9%of antibacterial rate after repeated 5 times.The surface temperature of the Tf-TA2/Ag sample reaches 52.5℃ after simulated sun irradiation for 20 min,which is significantly higher than that of the contact groups(water:36.4℃,Ti foam:38.2℃ and Tf-TA2:40.9℃).The capacity of seawater evaporation and salt removal is enhanced due to the excellent photothermal properties,low reflectance,and uniform heat dissipation pores.The water production efficiency of Tf-TA2/Ag sample is 1.41 kg·m^(-2)·h^(-1) in artificial seawater and 0.76 kg·m^(-2)·h^(-1) in oily sewage under simulated sun irradiation.Furthermore,the hydrophilic and oleophobic properties of Tf-TA2/Ag are critical to extracting water from oil/water mixture in diverse water environments.Ultimately,this four-birds-with-one-stone approach provides a new perspective for the improvement of solar seawater desalination performance.

关键词： four-birds-with-one-stone photothermal material antibacterial material antifouling property

Lithospheric structure beneath Ordos Block and surrounding areas from joint inversion of receiver function and surface wave dispersion

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Science China Earth Sciences 2022年第7期65卷 1399-1413页

作者： Jianping WU yaning liu Shijun ZHONG Weilai WANG Yan CAI Wei WANG Jing liu Institute of Geophysics China Earthquake AdministrationBeijing 100081China Beijing Earthquake Agency Beijing 100080China

Ordos Block has undergone rapid uplift,and a series of rift basins have been formed around the block since the Cenozoic,but the formation mechanisms remain controversial.A high-resolution 3 D velocity structure of crust and mantle is important for understanding the lithospheric deformation and deep dynamic process.A here we present a 3 D S-wave velocity structure of the crust and upper mantle in the Ordos Block and surrounding regions by joint inversion of receiver functions and surface wave data from a dense broadband seismic deployment.The lithosphere of the Ordos Block exhibits an obvious highvelocity anomaly.In the east and north of the Ordos and the southwestern part of the Tibetan Plateau,obvious low-velocity anomalies are detected in the upper mantle and extend into the Ordos.The lithosphere of the Ordos Block is thick in the center and thin at the edge,while the crust is relatively thin in the center and thick in the southwest and northeast.The crustal thickness of the tensional basin in the north is greater than that in the central Ordos.We suggest that the outward expansion of the mantle thermal materials in eastern Tibet and the upper mantle thermal upwelling in the eastern part of the North China Craton lead to the non-uniform lithospheric thinning,temperature rise and density reduction of the Ordos Block.The additional buoyancy and thermodynamic effects provided by them contributed to the continuous uplift of the Ordos Block since the Cenozoic.Influenced by the extrusion of Tibetan Plateau,the crustal thickening and rapid uplift occur in the southwestern and northern parts of the Ordos Block.The lithospheric structures of the Alxa and Ordos Blocks are different,and they may belong to different independent blocks before the Mesozoic.

关键词： Ordos North China Craton Lithospheric structure S-wave velocity structure Receiver function Surface wave

Herpes B virus:History,zoonotic potential,and public health implications

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Biosafety and Health 2022年第4期4卷 213-219页

作者： Geng Hu Haijun Du yaning liu Guizhen Wu Jun Han State Key Laboratory of Infectious Disease Prevention and Control National Institute for Viral Disease Control and PreventionChinese Center for Disease Control and PreventionBeijing 102206China State Key laboratory of Biosafety of the National Health Commission National Institute for Viral Disease Control and PreventionChinese Center for Disease Control and PreventionBeijing 102206China

Recently,death from herpes B virus(Cercopithecine Herpesvirus 1)infection was reported in China,reminding us to be alert to the risk of transmission and infection with herpes B virus.Herpes B virus is a zoonotic pathogen that can cause fatal encephalomyelitis in humans.The virus naturally infects rhesus monkeys,causing diseases like human herpes simplex virus(HSV)infection,which are often asymptomatic or mild in the rhesus macaque.However,herpes B virus infection can be fatal to humans.Without timely treatment,the mortality rate of herpes B virus infection is as high as 70%-80%.To date,approximately 50 cases of human herpes B virus(HBV)infection have been reported worldwide.Most cases are related to direct contact with macaques,such as scratching,biting,or mucosal contact with monkey body fluids or secretions.Although the risk of human-to-human transmission is low,the widespread prevalence of the virus among monkeys,the high mortality of infected persons,and the severe neurological sequelae of survivors render this virus an important zoonotic pathogen that threatens human beings.Biorisk-related training programs for at risk personnel and timely treatment after exposure to the B virus can reduce infection rate and mortality.The early initiation of antiviral therapy prevents severe disease or death after the rapid diagnosis of human B virus disease.Identification of risk factors is essential in controlling the spread of the herpes B virus in the population at risk.

关键词： Herpes B virus Infection Prevention Treatment

An adjusted ELISpot-based immunoassay for evaluation of SARS-CoV-2-specific T-cell responses

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Biosafety and Health 2022年第3期4卷 179-185页

作者： Hao Lin Jie Zhang Shaobo Dong yaning liu Peipei liu George F.Gao William J.liu Guizhen Wu National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Biosafety Research Units of Adaptive Evolution and Control of Emerging VirusesChinese Academy of Medical SciencesNational Institute for Viral Disease Control and PreventionChinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention(China CDC)Beijing 102206China Macheng Center for Disease Control and Prevention Huanggang 438300China Center for Biosafety Mega-Science Chinese Academy of SciencesWuhan 430071China

Like antibody evaluation,using an effective antigen‐specific T‐cell immunity assessment method in coronavirus disease 2019(COVID‐19)patients,survivors and vaccinees is crucial for understanding the immune persistence,prognosis assessment,and vaccine development for COVID‐19.This study evaluated an empirically adjusted enzyme‐linked immunospot assay for detecting severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS‐CoV‐2)‐specific T‐cell immunity in 175 peripheral blood samples from COVID‐19 convalescents and healthy individuals.Results of viral nucleic acid were used as the gold standard of infection confirmation.The SARS‐CoV‐2M peptide pool had higher sensitivity of 85%and specificity of 71%for the single peptide pool.For combined peptide pools,the parallel evaluation(at least one of the peptide pools is positive)of total peptide pools(S1&S2&M&N)had higher sensitivity(up to 93%),and the serial evaluation(all peptide pools are positive)of total peptide pools had higher specificity(up to 100%).The result of the serial evaluation was better than that of the parallel evaluation as a whole.The detection efficiency of M and N peptide pool serial evaluation appeared the highest,with a sensitivity of 80%and specificity of 93%.This T‐cell immunity detection assay introduced in this report can achieve high operability and applicability.Therefore,it can be an effective SARS‐CoV‐2‐specific cellular immune function evaluation method.

关键词： SARS‐CoV‐2 COVID‐19 T‐cell response ELISpot assay Sensitivity Specificity