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Effects of the activities of key enzymes involved in starch biosynthesis on the fine structure of amylopectin in developing rice (Oryza sativa L.) endosperms

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Science China(Life Sciences) 2008年第10期51卷 863-871页

作者： Lü Bing, GUO ZhiGang & LIANG JianSheng College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology of Jiangsu Province, yangzhou Univer- sity, yangzhou 2.5009, China College of Bioscience and Biotechnology Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology of Jiangsu Province Yangzhou University Yangzhou China

The dynamic changes of the activities of enzymes involving in starch biosynthesis, including ADP-glucose pyrophosphorylase (AGPase), soluble starch synthases (SSS), starch branching enzyme (SBE) and starch debranching enzymes (DBE) were studied, and changes of fine structure of amy- lopectin were characterized by isoamylase treatment during rice grain development, using trans anti-waxy gene rice plants. The relationships between the activities of those key enzymes were also analyzed. The amylose synthesis was significantly inhibited in transgenic Wanjing 952., but the total starch content and final grain weight were less affected as compared with those of non-transgenic Wanjing 952. rice cultivar. Analyses on the changes of activities of enzymes involving in starch bio- synthesis showed that different enzyme activities were expressed differently during rice endosperm development. Soluble starch synthase is relatively highly expressed in earlier stage of endosperm de- velopment, whilst maximal expression of granule-bound starch synthase (GBSS) occurred in mid-stage of endosperm development. No obvious differences in changes of the activities of AGPase and SBE between two rice cultivars investigated, except the DBEs. Distribution patterns of branches of amy- lopectin changed continually during the development of rice grains and varied between two rice culti- vars. It was suggested that amylopectin synthesis be prior to the synthesis of amylose and different enzymes have different roles in controlling syntheses of branches of amylopectin.

关键词： ADP-glucose pyrophosphorylase amylopectin structure granule-bound starch synthase Oryza sativa soluble starch synthase starch branching enzyme starch debranching enzyme

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Influence of nanometric CeO2.coating on high temperature oxidation of Cr

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Progress in Natural Science:Materials International 2007年第5期17卷 601-606页

作者： Jin Huiming , Zhang Linnan and Liu Xiaojun (Materials Research Center, Department of Mechanical Engineering, yangzhou University, yangzhou 2.5009, China College of Materials Science and Engineering, North-East University, Shenyang 110014, China) Materials Research Center Department of Mechanical Engineering Yangzhou University Yangzhou 225009 China College of Materials Science and Engineering North-East University Shenyang 110014 China

Isothermal and cyclic oxidation behavior of chromium and its superficially applied nanometric CeO2.samples were studied at 900℃in air. Scanning electronic microscopy (SEM), transmission electronic microscopy (TEM) and high resolution electronic microscopy (HREM) were used to examine the morphology and micro-structure of oxide films. It was found that ceria addition greatly improved the anti-oxidation ability of Cr both in isothermal and cyclic oxidizing experiments. Acoustic emission (AE) technique was used in situ to monitor the cracking and spalling of oxide films, and AE signals were analyzed in time-domain and number-domain according to the related oxide fracture model. Laser Raman spectrometer was also used to study the stress status of oxide films formed on Cr with and without ceria. The main reason for the improvement in anti-oxidation of chromium was that ceria greatly reduced the growing speed and grain size of Cr2.3. This fine-grained Cr2.3 oxide film might have better high temperature plasticity and could relieve parts of compressive stress by means of creeping, and maintained the ridge character and relatively low internal stress level. Meanwhile, ceria application reduced the size and the number of interfacial defects, while remarkably enhanced the adhesive property of Cr2.3 oxide scale formed on Cr substrate.

关键词： oxidation stress CeO2.nanoparticle coating chromium.

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An embryological study and systematic significance of the primitive gymnosperm Ginkgo biloba

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Journal of Systematics and Evolution 2011年第4期49卷 353-361页

作者： 1,2.i WANG 1Di WANG 1Ming-Ming LIN 1Yan LU 1Xiao-Xue JIANG 1Biao JIN 1(College of Horticulture and Plant Protection,yangzhou University,yangzhou 2.5009,China) 2.Key Laboratory of Photosynthesis and Environmental Molecular Physiology,Institute of Botany,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100093,China) (College of Horticulture and Plant Protection Yangzhou University Yangzhou 225009 China) (Key Laboratory of Photosynthesis and Environmental Molecular Physiology Institute of Botany Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100093 China)

Ginkgo biloba *** considered one of the most ancient seed plants,with several primitive features of plant reproductive ***,the phylogenetic position of Ginkgo and its relationship with other extant seed plants remain *** gain a better understanding of these issues,we observed the embryological development of *** using semi-thin sections and scanning electron *** late August,the zygote moved from the end of the micropylar to the middle of the archegonium,and mitosis resulted in many free nuclei distributed randomly in the ***,the cell wall was formed and the proembryo began to differentiate into the embryonal region and the underdeveloped presuspensor *** early October,the embryo differentiated into two cotyledons,plumule,hypocotyl,radicle,and suspensor ***,the two cotyledons grew rapidly,but the undeveloped suspensor began to degenerate and gradually disappear,indicating that the embryo had begun to *** early embryo development,the main supply of nutrients was carbohydrate in the cells of the jacket,tentpole,and surrounding endosperm,whereas endosperm provided nutrients during embryo *** results indicate that Ginkgo is extremely similar to cycads in terms of embryology but more similar to conifers in macromorphology and vegetative anatomy,suggesting that the Ginkgo lineage may have an intermediate phylogenetic position between cycads and conifers.

关键词： embryo development Ginkgo biloba L. systematic significance.

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A Study on Drawing the Shadow of a Curve Revolving Object under Commonly Used Ray

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Computer Aided Drafting,Design and Manufacturing 2008年第2期18卷 113-116页

作者： YU Xi-fa1, YI Su-jun2. SUN Huai-lin1 (1. College of Civil Science and Engineering, yangzhou University, yangzhou 2.5009 2. Mathematics and Information College, East China Institute University, Fuzhou 344000, China)

The shadow of a circle casting on a unparallel plane is an ellipse, the shadow algorithm involves a perspective affine transformation. Under commonly used light, the transformation matrix for parallel circles of different diameters casting shadows onto the same plane is identical. Using AutoCAD to get the shadow of a general object of revolution, it only needs to take a series of circles along the axis of symmetry and get their corresponding shadows of ellipses, drawing an envelope to cover all these silhouettes results in the required overall shadow. Then the discrete points of shadow contour line are projected back onto the original object surface, shadow on the object is obtained altogether.

关键词： engineering graphics shadow algorithm curve object of revolving ellipse envelope

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Soil Fertility Indices of Citrus Orchard Land Along Topographic Gradients in the Three Gorges Area of China

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Pedosphere 2011年第6期21卷 782-792页

作者： WU Dian-Ming YU Yuan-Chun XIA Li-Zhong YIN Shi-Xue YANG Lin-Zhang College of Forest Resources and Environment Nanjing Forestry University Nanjing 210037 （China） State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture Institute of Soil Science Chinese Academy of Sciences Nanjing 210008 （China） College of Environmental Science and Engineering Yangzhou University Yangzhou 22500g （China）

In the Three Gorges Area of China, soil erosion and the resultant non-point source pollution and ecological degradation have endangered agricultural ecosystems and fresh water reservoirs. Although efforts have been undertaken to reduce soil and water losses from slope land used for citrus production, information on the effects of management practices on soil fertility indices is either limited or nonexistent. This study was conducted to compare the effects of 10 years of various management practices, citrus intercropped with white clover (WC), citrus mulched with straw (SM), citrus intercropped with contour hedgerows (CH), citrus orchard land with impermeable membrane (IM), and citrus intercropped with wheat (Triticum aestivum) and peanut (Arachris hypogaea) (WP), as treatments on soil fertility indices with that of the conventional citrus management (CM). Results showed that the soil organic carbon, total and available nitrogen, available potassium, and water-stable aggregate (> 0.2. mm) contents at the 0–5 cm depth were higher for the WC and SM treatments than the CM treatment. There was also spatial variation in soil fertility along slopes of the WC and SM treatments. The soil total and available nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium, and water-stable aggregate (> 0.2. mm) contents at both the 0–5 and 5–2. cm depths were higher for the CH and IM treatments than the CM treatment. The average soil available nitrogen and available potassium contents were higher for the WP treatment than the CM treatment, but the WP treatment had little effect on the soil organic carbon, total nitrogen, and water-stable aggregate (> 0.2. mm) contents. These suggested that white clover intercropping and straw mulching were the most effective approaches to improve soil fertility in citrus orchard land of the Three Gorges area.

关键词： intercropping slope land soil nutrients soil water-stable aggregates straw mulching

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THE CHARACTERISTICS OF SHORT CRACKS AND EQUIVALENT PARAMETER OF FATIGUE DAMAGE

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Acta Metallurgica Sinica(English Letters) 2000年第4期13卷 955-960页

作者： Z.X. Wu Engineering College, yangzhou University, yangzhou 2.5009, China

In order to understand which parameters, such as the number of cracks and the total crack length is the useful indicators of fatigue damage, rotatory bending fatigue tests are carried out using smooth specimens of a medium-carbon steel. The behavior of short crock propagation and the evolution of surface cracks during fatigue are examined. The aim of this paper is to study how these damage parameters are correlated with the process of fatigue in order to evaluate the effectiveness of damage detection methods.

关键词： fatigue damage fatigue crack density total crack length crock initiation

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院内心脏骤停后自主循环恢复患者短期预后的危险因素与列线图预测模型构建

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中国急救医学 2024年第3期44卷 246-251页

作者：段文慧杨晶王爱文王玮玮成亚东王杨周长治市人民医院重症医学科山西长治046000 长治市人民医院急诊科山西长治046000

目的探讨院内心脏骤停(in-hospital cardiac arrest,IHCA)后自主循环恢复(restoration of spontaneous circulation,ROSC)患者短期预后的危险因素,并构建其预后的列线图预测模型。方法选取2.2.年6月至2.2.年10月就诊于长治市人民医院... 详细信息

目的探讨院内心脏骤停(in-hospital cardiac arrest,IHCA)后自主循环恢复(restoration of spontaneous circulation,ROSC)患者短期预后的危险因素,并构建其预后的列线图预测模型。方法选取2.2.年6月至2.2.年10月就诊于长治市人民医院重症医学科IHCA后ROSC的12.例患者,根据7 d预后情况分为生存组(n=42.和死亡组(n=84)。收集并比较两组患者的基线临床资料及相关研究指标。采用Logistic回归分析筛查影响IHCA患者7 d预后的相关因素,最后构建IHCA患者7 d死亡的列线图预测模型,使用C指数、校准曲线和决策曲线分析(DCA)对预测模型进行评价。结果 12.例患者中7 d死亡患者84例,病死率为66.67%。两组间急性生理学与慢性健康状况评价Ⅱ(APACHEⅡ)评分差异有统计学意义,死亡组显著升高(P2.3,95%CI 1.085~1.42.)、有创动脉(OR=5.839,95%CI 1.82.~18.734)、CPR持续时间(OR=1.084,95%CI 1.02.~1.148)、可除颤心律(OR=9.418,95%CI 2.596~34.172.和肾上腺素用量(OR=4.366,95%CI 1.178~16.182.仍是影响患者预后的独立危险因素(均P0.05,且校正曲线接近于理想曲线,校准度高。DCA曲线分析进一步证实该预测模型有良好的临床应用价值。结论基于6 h Lac、有创动脉、CPR持续时间、可除颤心律和肾上腺素用量构建的列线图预测模型可用于评估IHCA后ROSC患者7 d的死亡风险。

关键词：院内心脏骤停心肺复苏自主循环恢复乳酸有创动脉可除颤心律肾上腺素用量列线图

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Gene flow from genetically modified herbicide-resistant rapeseed to cruciferous weeds

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Progress in Natural Science:Materials International 2006年第9期16卷 936-941页

作者： ZHAO Xiangxiang, XIA Qiuxia, LU Dalei, LU Weiping , QI Cunkou, PU Huiming, LIU Geshan, ZHAO Jian and WANG Youping ( Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology, yangzhou University, yangzhou 2.5009, China Institute of Industrial Crops, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 2.0014, China Jiangsu Entry-Exit Inspection and Quarantine Bureau of People's Republic of China, Nanjing 2.0001, China College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, yangzhou University, yangzhou 2.5009, China) Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology Yangzhou University Yangzhou 225009 China Institute of Industrial Crops Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences Nanjing 210014 China Jiangsu Entry-Exit Inspection and Quarantine Bureau of People's Republic of China Nanjing 210001 China College of Bioscience and Biotechnology Yangzhou University Yangzhou 225009 China

The sexual compatibility between genetically modified (GM) glyphosate-resistam rapeseed variety Q3 (Brassica napus L. ) and 5 cruciferous weeds is studied through the observation of fluorescence microscopy and cross-fertility after manual pollination. The results indicated that Q3 (as male) was highly incompatible with Thlaspi arvense L., Capsella bursa-pastoris (L. ) Medic, Cardamine hirsuta L. and Rorippa palustris (L. ) Besser (as female). Fluorescence microscopic observation showed that growing of pollen tubes terminated on the stigma surface or at the upper 1/3 part of the style. However, B. juncea×Q3 was compatible, and the compatibility index was 1.65. Under the neighboring growth and natural pollination conditions, the rates of gene flow from Q3 to T. arvense, C. bursa-pastoris, C. hirsute and R. palustris were all 0, while it was 0.86 % for B. juncea. These results indicate that there is difference in the rate of gene flow between GM rapeseed and cruciferous wild weeds, and frequency of gene flow is highly correlated with sexual compatibility.

关键词： herbicide-resistant rapeseed craciferous weeds aniline blue fluorescence interspecific hybridization sexual compatibility gene flow.

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苍耳子散熏蒸治疗肺气虚寒型慢性鼻窦炎术后临床观察

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光明中医 2024年第11期39卷 2129-2132页

作者：吴巧莲黄爱华王玫黄扬周三明市第一医院中医科福建三明365001 三明市第一医院院感科福建三明365001 三明市中西医结合医院耳鼻咽喉科福建三明365001

目的研究苍耳子散加减熏蒸治疗肺气虚寒型慢性鼻窦炎术后的效果。方法将100例肺气虚寒型慢性鼻窦炎患者随机分为对照组和观察组,各50例,均行内镜手术,对照组围术期予常规治疗,观察组在对照组治疗基础上加用苍耳子散加减熏蒸治疗,2.均... 详细信息

目的研究苍耳子散加减熏蒸治疗肺气虚寒型慢性鼻窦炎术后的效果。方法将100例肺气虚寒型慢性鼻窦炎患者随机分为对照组和观察组,各50例,均行内镜手术,对照组围术期予常规治疗,观察组在对照组治疗基础上加用苍耳子散加减熏蒸治疗,2.均持续治疗4周。比较2.治疗前、治疗后的疗效、中医证候积分、鼻腔鼻窦结局测试、血清炎症因子的变化。结果观察组总有效率高于对照组(P2.中医证候积分和鼻腔鼻窦结局测试均下降,观察组优于对照组(P<0.05);治疗后,观察组血清炎症因子低于对照组(P<0.05)。结论苍耳子散加减熏蒸治疗肺气虚寒型慢性鼻窦炎术后疗效确切,改善生活质量,抑制炎症反应,值得推广。

关键词：鼻渊慢性鼻窦炎肺气虚寒证苍耳子散中药熏蒸

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INFLUENCE OF TOP- TEMPERATURE OF THERMAL CYCLE ON THERMAL STRESS/STRAIN AND THERMAL FATIGUE BEHAVIOR OF PURE IRON

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Acta Metallurgica Sinica(English Letters) 1999年第5期12卷 852-855页

作者： J.H.Liu 1) and S.H.Jiang 1) and M.Yao 2. 1) Department of mechanical Engineering, Engineering college, yangzhou University, yangzhou 2.5009, China 2. Department of Material Science, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao 066000, China

By using a self-made thermal fatigue test machine of outer-constraint mode, the influence of top-temperature of thermal cycle T t on thermal stress-strain and thermal fatigue behavior of an industrial pure iron was investigated. The T t was varied from stress/strain 773K to 1073K. The results show that, increasing of T t , the thermal stress-strain cycles can be classified into four types, they are: compressive stress cycle; compressive strain-tensile stress cycle; compressive strain-tensile stress cycle than changing to compressive tensile plastic strain cycle; and finally, compressive tensile plastic strain cycle. It is also revealed that certain relationship does exist between thermal fatigue life and characteristics of thermal stress/strain cycle. When compressive tensile plastic strain cycle were appear by increasing of T t , thermal fatigue life decreasing rapidly. The concept of thermal fatigue transition temperature, and determining method were put up in this thesis.

关键词： thermal fatigue thermal stress-strain

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