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Experimental investigation of the inhibition of deep-sea mining sediment plumes by polyaluminum chloride

International Journal of Mining Science and Technology 2024年第1期34卷 91-104页

作者： Fengpeng zhang Xuguang Chen Jiakang Wei Yangyang Zhang Weikun Xu Hao Li College of Engineering Ocean University of ChinaQingdao 266100China Shandong Province Key Laboratory of Ocean Engineering Ocean University of ChinaQingdao 266100China China Merchants Marine and Offshore Research Institute Co. Ltd.Shenzhen 518000China National Deep Sea Center Qingdao 266237China

Deep-sea sediment disturbance may occur when collecting polymetallic nodules,resulting in the creation of plumes that could have a negative impact on the ecological environment.This study aims to investigate the potential solution of using polyaluminum chloride(PAC)in the water jet.The effects of PAC are examined through a self-designed simulation system for deep-sea polymetallic nodule collection and sediment samples from a potential deep-sea mining area.The experimental results showed that the optimal PAC dose was found to be 0.75 g/L.Compared with the test conditions without the addition of PAC,the presence of PAC leads to a reduction in volume,lower characteristic turbidity,smaller diffusion velocity,and shorter settling time of the plume.This indicates that PAC inhibits the entire development process of the plume.The addition of PAC leads to the flocculation of mm-sized particles,resulting in the formation of cm-sized flocs.The flocculation of particles decreases the rate of erosion on the seabed by around 30%.This reduction in erosion helps to decrease the formation of plumes.Additionally,when the size of suspended particles increases,it reduces the scale at which they diffuse.Furthermore,the settling velocity of flocs(around 10^(-2) m/s)is much higher that of compared to sediment particles(around 10^(-5) m/s),which effectively reduces the amount of time the plume remains in suspension.

关键词： Deep-sea mining Deep-sea polymetallic nodules Sediment plume Polyaluminum chloride Jet impact Particle flocculation

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The role of intestinal flora on tumorigenesis,progression,and the efficacy of PD-1/PD-L1 antibodies in colorectal cancer

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Cancer Biology & Medicine 2024年第1期21卷 65-82页

作者： Sen Wang Benling Xu Yangyang Zhang Guangyu Chen Peng Zhao Quanli Gao Long Yuan Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhou 450003China Department of Immunotherapy Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhou 450003China

Intestinal flora affects the maturation of the host immune system,serves as a biomarker and efficacy predictor in the immunotherapy of several cancers,and has an important role in the development of colorectal cancer(CRC).Anti-PD-1/PD-L1 antibodies have shown satisfactory results in MSI-H/d MMR CRC but performed poorly in patients with MSS/p MMR CRC.In recent years an increasing number of studies have shown that intestinal flora has an important impact on anti-PD-1/PD-L1 antibody efficacy in CRC patients.Preclinical and clinical evidence have suggested that anti-PD-1/PD-L1 antibody efficacy can be improved by altering the composition of the intestinal flora in CRC.Herein,we summarize the studies related to the influence of intestinal flora on anti-PD-1/PD-L1 antibody efficacy in CRC and discuss the potential underlying mechanism(s).We have focused on the impact of the intestinal flora on the efficacy and safety of anti-PD-1/PD-L1 antibodies in CRC and how to better utilize the intestinal flora as an adjuvant to improve the efficacy of anti-PD-1/PD-L1 antibodies.In addition,we have provided a basis for the potential of the intestinal flora as a new treatment modality and indicator for determining patient prognosis.

关键词： Intestinal flora anti-PD-1/PD-L1 therapy colorectal cancer immune checkpoint inhibitor CD8~+T cell

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Occurrence and risk assessment of azole fungicides during the urban water cycle:A year-long study along the Yangtze River,China

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2024年第7期141卷 16-25页

作者： Yangyang Zhang Xinjie Gu Xiuwen Li Qiuyun Zhao Xiaodong Hu Rui Huang Jixiong Xu Zilong Yin Qing Zhou Aimin Li Peng Shi State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse School of the EnvironmentNanjing UniversityNanjing 210023China Jiangsu Province Hydraulic Research Institute Nanjing 210023China

Azole fungicides(AFs)play an important role in the prevention and treatment of fungal diseases in agricultural crops.However,limited studies are addressing the fate and ecological risk of AFs in the urban water cycle at a large watershed scale.To address this gap,we investigated the spatiotemporal distribution and ecological risk of twenty AFs in the lower reaches of the Yangtze River across four seasons.Carbendazim(CBA),tebuconazole(TBA),tricyclazole(TCA),and propiconazole(PPA)were found to be the dominant compounds.Their highest concentrations were measured in January(188.3 ng/L),and November(2197.1 ng/L),July(162.0 ng/L),and November(1801.9 ng/L),respectively.The comparison between wastewater treatment plants(WWTPs)effluents and surface water suggested that industrial WWTPs are major sources of AFs in the Yangtze River.In particular,TBA and PPA were found to be the most recalcitrant AFs in industrial WWTPs,while difenoconazole(DFA)was found to be the most potent pollutant in municipal WWTPs,with an average removal rate of less than60%.The average risk quotient(RQ)for the entire AFs was 6.45 in the fall,which was higher than in January(0.98),April(0.61),and July(0.40).This indicates that AFs in surface water posed higher environmental risks during the dry season.Additionally,the exposure risk of AFs via drinking water for sensitive populations deserves more attention.This study provides benchmark data on the occurrence of AFs in the lower reaches of the Yangtze River,and offers suggestions for better reduction of AFs.

关键词： Azole fungicides Spatiotemporal distribution Ecological risk Urban water cycle the Yangtze River

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Bioinspired Tactile Sensation Based on Synergistic Microcrack-Bristle Structure Design toward High Mechanical Sensitivity and Direction-Resolving Capability

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Research 2024年第1期2023卷 611-624页

作者： Yiqun zhang Qi Liu Wenjuan Ren yangyang Song Hua Luo yangyang Han Liang He Xiaodong Wu Zhuqing Wang School of Mechanical Engineering Sichuan UniversityChengdu 610065China Med+X Center for Manufacturing West China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengdu 610041China State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering Polymer Research Institute of Sichuan UniversityChengdu 610065China

Natural tactile sensation is complex,which involves not only contact force intensity detection but also the perception of the force direction,the surface texture,and other mechanical parameters.Nevertheless,the vast majority of the developed tactile sensors can only detect the normal force,but usually cannot resolve shear force or even distinguish the directions of the force.Here,we present a new paradigm of bioinspired tactile sensors for resolving both the intensity and the directions of mechanical stimulations via synergistic microcrack-bristle structure design and cross-shaped configuration engineering.The microcrack sensing structure gives high mechanical sensitivity to the tactile sensors,and the synergistic bristle structure further amplifies the sensitivity of the sensors.The cross-shaped configuration engineering of the synergistic microcrack-bristle structure further endows the tactile sensors with good capability to detect and distinguish the directions of the applied mechanical forces.The as-fabricated tactile sensors exhibit a high sensitivity(25.76 N^(−1)),low detection limit(5.4 mN),desirable stability(over 2,500 cycles),and good capability to resolve both mechanical intensity and directional features.As promising application scenarios,surface texture recognition and biomimetic path explorations are successfully demonstrated with these tactile sensors.This newly proposed tactile sensation strategy and technology have great potential applications in ingenious tactile sensation and construction of various robotic and bionic prostheses with high operational dexterity.

关键词： crack sensation directions

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Fixed-Time Anti-Disturbance Average-Tracking for Multi-Agent Systems Without Velocity Measurements

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Journal of Systems Science & Complexity 2024年第3期37卷 985-1002页

作者： LI Yuling LIU Chenglin zhang Ya CHEN yangyang Key Laboratory of Advanced Process Control for Light Industry(Ministry of Education) Institute of AutomationJiangnan UniversityWuci 214122China School of Automation Southeast UniversityNanjing 210096China

In this paper,the authors tackle a fixed-time average-tracking problem for multi-agent systems which do not require velocity measurements and are affected by external mismatched and matched disturbances.The objective requires the considered agents with second-order dynamics to follow the average value of several time-varying reference signals,each of which is acquired by only one agent.First of all,the average value is estimated by using a novel distributed average estimator in a fixed time.Second,an original observer is created to provide estimated values in a fixed time for external mismatched and matched disturbances as well as unmeasured velocities of agents.Then,the authors propose a novel fixed-time anti-disturbance average-tracking protocol with the aid of the observer and a sliding mode surface.In the end,the feasibility of theoretical analysis is illustrated by some simulation experiments.

关键词： Average-tracking control fixed-time algorithm fixed-time observer mismatched distur-bances multi-agent systems velocity measurements

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Tribological properties of low-temperature time-dependent pretreated graphite for mechanical seal pairs in high-speed turbopump

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Friction 2024年第2期12卷 305-318页

作者： yangyang ZHAO Guoyuan zhang Junqian WANG He WANG Weigang ZHAO Qunfeng ZENG School of Mechano-Electronic Engineering Xidian UniversityXi’an 710071China Xi’an Aerospace Propulsion Institute Xi’an 710071China Key Laboratory of Education Ministry for Modern Design and Rotor-Bearing System Xi’an Jiaotong UniversityXi’an 710049China

The friction coefficient and wear rate of pretreated graphite with liquid nitrogen were obtained by using a ball-on-disk tester,and the wear of GCr15–graphite seal pairs with the low-temperature time-dependent pretreatment was discussed by comparing the wear morphology.The results show that liquid nitrogen pretreatment can affect the hardness and interlayer spacing of graphite.The range of the friction coefficients of pretreated graphite changes from 0.17 to 0.22.With the increase of liquid nitrogen pretreatment time,the wear mechanism of graphite would change from dominated three-body wear to adhesion wear.The experimental results of the mechanical seal with liquid nitrogen pretreatment show that the wear rate of stator is less than 0.00165 mm^(3)·N^(−1)·m^(−1),and the graphite shows a good low-temperature compatibility.

关键词： graphite low-temperature pretreatment mechanical seal friction and wear

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Do investors care about auditor assignments?Evidence from last-minute changes to signing auditors

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China Journal of Accounting Research 2024年第1期17卷 132-156页

作者： yangyang Wang Yiqun Xie Huanmin Yan Rui zhang School of Accounting Jiangxi University of Finance and EconomicsNanchangChina School of Economics&Management Nanchang UniversityNanchangChina

Against the background of China’s strengthening of finance and accounting supervision,this study examines the practice among listed companies of changing signing auditors at the last minute and explores whether Chinese investors can capture this information in a timely manner.We find that China’s capital market responds significantly negatively to these last-minute changes,implying that investors perceive a potential negative impact of this behavior.Crosssectional analyses suggest that the characteristics of the change event,recent corporate events,and accounting firm capability significantly affect the stock price response.Furthermore,in terms of the individual characteristics of signing auditors,external investors appear to comprehensively consider busyness level,industry experience,and the timing of the change to determine the causes and effects of the auditor change and make different market reactions accordingly.In addition,consistent with investor perceptions,we find that last-minute changes significantly impair the quality of financial statements,indicating that external investors’judgments based on information about changes in signing auditors are rational and effective.

关键词： Annual Financial Report Auditing Changing Signing Auditors at the Last Minute Market Response Financial Statement Quality

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Oxidative Dehydrogenation of Propane over Supported Nickel Single-Atom Catalyst

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Chinese Journal of Chemistry 2024年第4期42卷 370-376页

作者： Qian zhang Xunzhu Jiang yangyang Li Yuanlong Tan Qike Jiang Xiaoyan Liu Botao Qiao CAS Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Applied Catalysis Dalian Institute of Chemical PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesDalianLiaoning116023 China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing100049 China Dalian National Laboratory for Clean Energy Dalian Institute of Chemical PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesDalianLiaoning116023 China

Oxidative dehydrogenation of propane has been an ever-growing field for propylene production due to its exothermic properties,of which overoxidation is the major drawback,with CO and even CO_(2) as undesired by-products.For the purpose of getting higher propylene selectivity as well as yield,herein,we report Ni single atoms supported on calcium aluminate as an efficient catalyst candidate for propane oxidative dehydrogenation.Beneficial from higher valence states of Ni1 species,it shows 2—3 times as much propylene selectivity as that of Ni nanoparticles.About 14.2%C_(3)H_(6) yield with 47.3%propylene selectivity has been achieved on Ni single atom catalyst and a good stability during 20 h test can be obtained as well.

关键词： Oxidative dehydrogenation/Nickel Single-atom catalysts Propane Propylene selectivity

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Transcriptome and proteome analysis reveals the characteristics of carbon metabolism in the mycelial development of Gomphus purpuraceus

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Food Science and Human Wellness 2024年

作者： yangyang Geng Shixin zhang Yana Liu Likang Qin School of Liquor and Food Engineering Guizhou University Guizhou Institute of Walnut Key Laboratory of Plant Resource Conservation and Germplasm Innovation in Mountainous Region (Ministry of Education) College of Life Sciences/Institute of Agro-bioengineering Guizhou University Guizhou Academy of Forestry Guizhou Industrial Technology Research Institute of Rare Edible and Medicinal Fungi co. Ltd

Gomphus purpuraceus is an ancient wild edible mushroom. However， the niche and lignocellulose degradation system of G. purpuraceus have remained cryptic. In the current study， transcriptome and proteome sequencing of G. purpuraceus in four mediums was performed. A total of 3489 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and 891 differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) were screened out. For the lignocellulose degradation system， a total of 61 expressed genes were annotated， including 19 genes encoding cellulase， 8 genes encoding hemicellulase， 5 genes encoding pectinase， 22 genes encoding lignin oxidase， and 7 lignin degrading auxiliary enzyme. From two-omics， morphology， and enzyme activities， we speculated that G. purpuraceus might have a limited capacity to degrade polysaccharides (starch and lignocellulose). In addition， trace amount of fumonisins (FB1 and FB2) were found in the G. purpuraceus. These results provided a new perspective for understanding the key pathways and hub genes involved in carbon metabolism of G. purpuraceus development.

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Responding of zooplankton to environmental factor changes in the Changjiang River estuarine regions in spring-summer from 2016 to 2020

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Journal of Oceanology and Limnology 2024年第2期42卷 544-559页

作者： Jieqing YANG Dongrong zhang Yuange CHEN Longling OUYANG yangyang YANG Jin ZHOU Yunrong SHI East China Sea Fisheries Research Institute Chinese Academy of Fishery SciencesKey Laboratory of East China Sea Fishery Resources ExploitationMinistry of Agriculture and Rural AffairsShanghai 200090China Key Laboratory of Engineering Oceanography Second Institute of OceanographyMinistry of Natural ResourcesHangzhou 310012China College of Marine Ecology and Environment Shanghai Ocean UniversityShanghai 201306China

The estuarine areas are under frequent influence from freshwater intrusion and ocean currents,in which zooplankton species are diversified and variable as they are sensitive to physio-chemical variations in water.Therefore,understanding the relationships between zooplankton and environmental factors help us know the water quality.To achieve co-existence with species in similar ecological group or habit,they could inevitably alter themselves to fit the ecology and adjust the function according to the competitive exclusion in ecological theory.However,information of the co-existence of dominant species in the Changjiang(Yangtze)River estuary(CRE)and adjacent waters remains scarce.We explored the relationships between dominant zooplankton and environmental factors in the study region in spring-summer from 2016 to 2020,involving particularly the composition of dominant species,ecological groups,their relationships with environmental factors,and co-existence of important species,using the non-multidimensional scale analysis(nMDS)method and redundancy analysis.Results show that Labidocera euchaeta and Tortanus vermiculus were dominant species in the study scope.The turnover rate of dominant zooplankton was greater(>50%)in spring while the species number was higher in summer.The dominant species were estuarine,offshore,and eurytopic based on the adaptation to salinity.In spring,the ecological groups were dominated by estuarine species,while in summer by estuarine and offshore species.In addition,the nMDS showed that the dominant species in the same ecological group were more dispersed and not prominently clustered;the dominant species were staggered among different ecological groups.The temperature,salinity,pH,dissolved oxygen,and chlorophyll a were the main environmental factors on the distribution of the dominant species in spring,while in summer were dissolved oxygen,temperature,salinity,and pH.The domination of medusae of Nemopsis bachei and Pleurobrachia globosa in zooplankton community in spring,and the continuous

关键词： Changjiang River estuary(CRE) zooplankton dominant species ecological group environmental factor co-existence

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