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Brassinosteroids alleviate wheat floret degeneration under low nitrogen stress by promoting the redistribution of sucrose from stems to spikes

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2025年第2期24卷 497-516页

作者： Zimeng Liang Xidan Cao rong Gao Nian Guo yangyang Tang Vinay Nangia Yang Liu College of Agronomy Northwest A&F University International Center for Agricultural Research in the Dry Areas

The trade-off between yield and environmental effects caused by nitrogen fertilizer application is an important issue in wheat production. A reduction in fertile florets is one of the main reasons for the lower yields under low nitrogen application rates. Brassinosteroids(BRs) have been found to play a role in nitrogen-induced rice spikelet degeneration. However, whether BRs play a role in wheat floret development and the mechanisms involved are not clear. Therefore, a nitrogen gradient experiment and exogenous spraying experiment were conducted to investigate the role and mechanism of BRs in wheat floret development under low nitrogen stress. The results showed that as the nitrogen application decreased, the endogenous BRs content of the spikes decreased, photosynthesis weakened, and total carbon, soluble sugar and starch in the spikes decreased, leading to a reduction in the number of fertile florets. Under low nitrogen stress, exogenous spraying of 24-epibrassinolide promoted photosynthesis,and stimulated stem fructan hydrolysis and the utilization and storage of sucrose in spikes, which directed more carbohydrates to the spikes and increased the number of fertile florets. In conclusion, BRs mediate the effects of nitrogen fertilizer on wheat floret development, and under low nitrogen stress, foliar spraying of 24-epibrassinolide promotes the flow of carbohydrates from the stem to the spikes, alleviating wheat floret degeneration.

关键词： brassinosteroids fertile florets nitrogen application rate sucrose metabolism wheat

Distributed State and Fault Estimation for Cyber-Physical Systems Under DoS Attacks

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IEEE/CAA Journal of Automatica Sinica 2025年第1期12卷 261-263页

作者： Limei Liang rong Su Haotian Xu the School of Control Science and Engineering Shandong University IEEE the School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Nanyang Technological University

Dear Editor,The letter deals with the distributed state and fault estimation of the whole physical layer for cyber-physical systems(CPSs) when the cyber layer suffers from DoS attacks. With the advancement of embedded computing, communication and related hardware technologies, CPSs have attracted extensive attention and have been widely used in power system, traffic network, refrigeration system and other fields.

关键词： Observers Estimation error Sensors Physical layer Sensor systems Security Power system stability

Emodin promotes the recovery of rheumatoid arthritis by regulating the crosstalk between macrophage subsets and synovial fibroblast subsets

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Animal Models and Experimental Medicine 2025年第1期8卷 44-56页

作者： Lianying Cheng Xiaofeng rong Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical UniversityChongqingChina

Background : To study the relationships among emodin, synovial fibroblasts (FLSs), and macrophages (STMs) to provide guidance for the use of emodin in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) treatment. Methods : RA clinical samples from patients with different pathological processes were collected, and the correlations between the subsets of FLSs and STMs and pathological processes were analyzed via flow cytometry. In vitro experimental methods such as enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), Western blotting, Transwell assays, CCK- 8 assays and cell coculture were used to assess cell proliferation, migration and secretion of inflammatory factors. A collagen- induced arthritis mouse model was constructed to investigate the therapeutic potential of emodin in RA by flow cytometry, micro- CT and staining. Results : Unique subsets of FLSs and STMs, namely, FAPα ^(+)THY1 − FLSs, FAPα ^(+)THY1 ^(+)FLSs, and MerTK ^(pos) TREM2 ^(high) STMs, were identified in synovial tissues from RA patients. The number of MerTK ^(pos) TREM2 ^(high) STMs was negatively correlated with the degree of damage in RA, while the number of FAPα ^(+)THY1 − FLSs was positively correlated with damage. On the one hand, emodin promoted the aggregation of MerTKposTREM2high STMs. Moreover, MerTK pos TREM2 high STM- mediated secretion of exosomes was promoted, which can inhibit the secretion of pro- inflammatory factors by FAPα ^(+)THY1 ^(+)FLSs and promote the secretion of anti- inflammatory factors by FAPα ^(+)THY1 ^(+)FLSs, thereby inhibiting FAPα ^(+)THY1 − FLS proliferation and migration, improving the local immune microenvironment, and inhibiting RA damage. Conclusion : Emodin was shown to regulate the aggregation of STM subsets and exosome secretion, affecting the secretion, proliferation and migration of inflammatory factors in FLS subsets, and ultimately achieving good therapeutic efficacy in RA patients, suggesting that it has important clinical value.

关键词： emodin fibroblast synoviocytes macrophages rheumatoid arthritis

Mechanism of extracellular electron transport and reactive oxygen mediated Sb(Ⅲ)oxidation by Klebsiella aerogenes HC10

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2025年第1期147卷 11-21页

作者： Qun rong Chaolan Zhang Caiyuan Ling Dingtian Lu Linjiang Jiang College of Resources Environment and Materials Guangxi UniversityNanning 530004China School of Environment and Life Science Nanning Normal UniversityNanning 530001China

Microbial oxidation and the mechanism of Sb(Ⅲ)are key governing elements in biogeochemical cycling.A novel Sb oxidizing bacterium,Klebsiella aerogenes HC10,was attracted early and revealed that extracellular metabolites were the main fractions driving Sb ***,linkages between the extracellular metabolite driven Sb oxidation process and mechanism remain ***,model phenolic and quinone compounds,i.e.,anthraquinone-2,6-disulfonate(AQDS)and hydroquinone(HYD),representing extracellular oxidants secreted by *** HC10,were chosen to further study the Sb(Ⅲ)oxidation mechanism.N_(2)purging and free radical quenching showed that oxygen-induced oxidation accounted for 36.78%of Sb(Ⅲ)in the metabolite reaction system,while hydroxyl free radicals(·OH)accounted for 15.52%.·OH and H_(2)O_(2)are the main driving factors for Sb *** quenching,methanol purification and electron paramagnetic resonance(EPR)analysis revealed that·OH,superoxide radical(O_(2)^(•-))and semiquinone(SQ-•)were reactive intermediates of the phenolic induced oxidation ***-induced ROS are one of the main oxidants in *** voltammetry(CV)showed that electron transfer of quinone also mediated Sb(Ⅲ)*** of Sb(V)was scavenged by the formation of the secondary Sb(V)-bearing mineral mopungite[NaSb(OH)6]in the incubation *** study demonstrates the microbial role of oxidation detoxification and mineralization of Sb and provides scientific references for the biochemical remediation of Sb-contaminated soil.

关键词： Antimonite oxidation Active oxygen Free radical Electron transfer AQDS

Different Acupuncture Therapies for Postherpetic Neuralgia:An Overview of Systematic Reviews and Meta-analysis

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Chinese Journal of Integrative Medicine 2025年第1期31卷 55-67页

作者： XIA Yun-fan SUN Ruo-han LI Shi-min WANG Yi-yi LI rong-rong FANG Jian-qiao The Third Clinical Medical College of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University Hangzhou310000China Department of Rehabilitation Medicine Hangzhou Third People’s Hospital Affiliated to Zhejiang Chinese Medical UniversityHangzhou310000China Department of Acupuncture the Third Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical UniversityHangzhou310000China

Background: Postherpetic neuralgia(PHN) is the most common complication of herpes zoster infection and affects patients' quality of life. Acupuncture therapy is regarded as a competitive method of treatment for analgesia. Objective: To summarize evidence from systematic reviews(SRs) and evaluate the effectiveness and safety of different acupuncture therapies for treating PHN. Methods: Eight electronic databases were searched from their inception to August 5, 2022, including 4 international electronic databases(PubMed, EMBASE, the Cochrane Library, and Web of Science) and 4 Chinese databases(Chinese Biomedical Database, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, VIP Database and Wanfang Database).Methodological quality was assessed by A Measurement Tool to Assess Systematic Reviews 2(AMSTAR 2).The Risk of Bias in Systematic Review(ROBIS) tool was used to assess the risk of bias in SRs. Evidence level was assessed by the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation(GRADE)approach. Results: Totally, 7 SRs were included, including 128 studies and 9,792 patients. In AMSTAR 2, most of the SRs were of low or critically low levels since they had more than 1 critical deficiency. In ROBIS, 1 SR(14.29%)was rated as high risk, and the other 6(85.71%) were rated as low risk. In the GRADE system, 9 outcomes(28.13%)were valued as high level, 5(15.63%) as moderate level, 1(3.13%) as low, and 17(53.13%) as very low. In the effectiveness of acupuncture therapy, the group "moxibustion vs. original medical treatment" [mean difference(MD)=–1.44, 95% confidence interval(CI): –1.80 to –1.08, I2=99%, P<0.00001] was of the highest heterogeneity and the group "bloodletting vs. original medical treatment"(MD=–2.80, 95% CI: –3.14 to –2.46, I2=0, P<0.00001)was of the lowest heterogeneity. Six SRs have reported the safety of their studies and no serious events were shown in the treatment and control groups. Conclusions: Acupuncture therapy seems to be effective in treating PH

关键词： acupuncture postherpetic neuralgia systematic review Chinese medicine

Critical new insights into the interactions of hexafluoropropylene oxide-dimer acid(GenX or HFPO-DA)with albumin at molecular and cellular levels

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2025年第3期149卷 88-98页

作者： Shi-Ya Peng Ya-Di Yang rong Tian Naihao Lu Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry College of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringJiangxi Normal UniversityNanchang 330022China

A key characteristic to be elucidated,to address the harmful health risks of environmental perfluorinated alkyl substances(PFAS),is their binding modes to serum albumin,the most abundant protein in *** oxide-dimer acid(GenX or HFPO-DA)is a new industrial replacement for the widespread linear long-chain ***,the detailed interaction of new-generation short-chain PFAS with albumin is still ***,the binding characteristics of bovine serum albumin(BSA)to GenX were explored at the molecular and cellular *** found that this branched short-chain GenX could bind to BSA with affinity lower than that of legacy linear long-chain perfluorooctanoic acid(PFOA).Site marker competitive study and molecular docking simulation revealed that GenX interacted with subdomain IIIA to form BSA-GenX *** with its weaker affinity to albumin protein,the cytotoxicity of branched short-chain GenX was less susceptible to BSA binding compared with that of the linear long-chain *** contrast to the significant effects of strong BSA-PFOA interaction,the weak affinity of BSA-GenX binding did not influence the structure of protein and the cytotoxicity of *** detailed characterization and direct comparisons of serum albumin interaction with new generation short-chain GenX will provide a better understanding for the toxicological properties of this new alternative.

关键词： GenX Protein binding Albumin Cytotoxicity Risk assessment

Federated local causal structure learning

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Science China(Information Sciences) 2025年第03期68卷 110-124页

作者： Kui YU Chen rong Hao WANG Fuyuan CAO Jiye LIANG School of Computer and Information Hefei University of Technology School of Computer and Information Technology Shanxi University

Local causal structure learning(LCS) efficiently identifies a set of direct neighbors of a specified variable from observational data. Additionally, it distinguishes direct causes and direct effects of this variable without learning the entire causal structure. While many LCS algorithms have been proposed, they do not consider the data privacy-preserving problem,which has attracted extensive attention from academia and industry. To address this issue, we propose a federated local causal structure learning(FedLCS) algorithm to learn local causal structures in privacy-preserving data in a federated ***, FedLCS introduces a layer-wise federated local skeleton learning algorithm to construct the local skeleton. Based on this skeleton, it introduces a federated local skeleton orientation algorithm and an extension-and-backtracking orientation algorithm to orient the edges. Finally, FedLCS uses a federated local extension-and-backtracking orientation algorithm to orient the remaining edges. Extensive experiments on benchmark, synthetic, and real datasets demonstrate that FedLCS can learn the local causal structure of a given variable in a federated setting.

关键词： local causal structure learning federated learning directed acyclic graph privacy-preserving data federated layer-wise strategy

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青藏高原东南缘地貌差异性成因分析——以雅江地区为例

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第四纪研究 2025年第1期45卷 117-131页

作者：李阳阳杨蓉徐陈超浙江省地学大数据与地球深部资源重点实验室浙江大学地球科学学院教育部含油气盆地构造研究中心

青藏高原东南缘雅砻江流域中段的雅江地区发育有低起伏的高原面，区域雅砻江支流长度及流域面积、高原面几何形态空间上呈现较大差异。为了揭示这一地貌差异性成因，本研究基于12.5 m的DEM地形数据提取该区域33个水系流域、计算其河流... 详细信息

青藏高原东南缘雅砻江流域中段的雅江地区发育有低起伏的高原面，区域雅砻江支流长度及流域面积、高原面几何形态空间上呈现较大差异。为了揭示这一地貌差异性成因，本研究基于12.5 m的DEM地形数据提取该区域33个水系流域、计算其河流地貌相关特征参数(陡峭指数、χ、起伏度等)并进行地貌数值模拟，综合计算、模拟结果及进一步分析认为，在流域盆地内岩性、降水、构造条件都无显著差异下，由于雅江地区流域分水岭两侧地形起伏度具有空间差异性，导致分水岭迁移速率不同，促使河流塑造地貌能力存在差异，从而造成雅江地区地貌的差异性。分水岭两侧地形起伏度的差异是控制分水岭迁移的关键因素，且迁移速率与跨分水岭两侧地形起伏度差具有正相关性，同时分水岭在迁移过程中具有动态反复特征，瞬时迁移方向与长期迁移方向可能相悖。

关键词：青藏高原东南缘雅江地区地貌演化分水岭迁移溯源侵蚀数值模拟

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High-throughput screening of CO_(2) cycloaddition MOF catalyst with an explainable machine learning model

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Green Energy & Environment 2025年第1期10卷 132-138页

作者： Xuefeng Bai Yi Li Yabo Xie Qiancheng Chen Xin Zhang Jian-rong Li Beijing Key Laboratory for Green Catalysis and Separation and Department of Chemical Engineering College of Materials Science&EngineeringBeijing University of TechnologyBeijing100124China

The high porosity and tunable chemical functionality of metal-organic frameworks(MOFs)make it a promising catalyst design ***-throughput screening of catalytic performance is feasible since the large MOF structure database is *** this study,we report a machine learning model for high-throughput screening of MOF catalysts for the CO_(2) cycloaddition *** descriptors for model training were judiciously chosen according to the reaction mechanism,which leads to high accuracy up to 97%for the 75%quantile of the training set as the classification *** feature contribution was further evaluated with SHAP and PDP analysis to provide a certain physical understanding.12,415 hypothetical MOF structures and 100 reported MOFs were evaluated under 100℃ and 1 bar within one day using the model,and 239 potentially efficient catalysts were *** them,MOF-76(Y)achieved the top performance experimentally among reported MOFs,in good agreement with the prediction.

关键词： Metal-organic frameworks High-throughput screening Machine learning Explainable model CO_(2)cycloaddition