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Strategies and prospects for melatonin to alleviate abiotic stress in horticultural plants

Horticultural Plant Journal 2024年第3期10卷 601-614页

作者： Xiaoyun Wang Meng Cao Hongxin Li Ying Liu Shuangxi Fan Na Zhang yangdong guo College of Horticulture China Agricultural UniversityBeijing100193China College of Plant Science and Technology Beijing University of AgricultureBeijing102206China Beijing Bei Nong Enterprise Management Co. Ltd.Beijing102206China Sanya Institute of China Agricultural University SanyaHainan572000China

Melatonin is a conserved pleiotropic molecule in animals and plants.Melatonin is involved in many development processes and stress responses;thus,exploring its function in plants,particularly in horticultural plants,has become a rapidly developing field.Many studies have revealed that phytomelatonin acts as a plant biostimulant and increase its tolerance to various abiotic stressors,including extreme temperature,drought,osmotic disturbance,heavy metals,and ultraviolet(UV).Melatonin appears to have roles in the scavenging of reactive oxygen species(ROS)and other free radicals,affecting the primary and secondary metabolism of plants,regulating the transcripts of stress-related enzymes and transcription factors,and crosstalk with other hormones under different environmental conditions.This pleiotropy makes phytomelatonin an attractive regulator to improve resistance to abiotic stress in plants.The recent discovery of the potential phytomelatonin receptor CAND2/PMTR1 and the proposition of putative models related to the phytomelatonin signaling pathways makes phytomelatonin a new plant hormone.Based on relevant studies from our laboratory,this review summarizes the phytomelatonin biosynthetic and metabolic pathways in plants and the latest research progress on phytomelatonin in abiotic stress of horticultural plants.This study will provide a reference for elucidating the regulatory mechanism of phytomelatonin affecting the resistance to abiotic stress in plants.

关键词： Abiotic stress Biostimulant Horticultural plants Phytomelatonin

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Research Progress on Bolting and Flowering Characteristics of Cruciferous Vegetables

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Agricultural Biotechnology 2023年第6期12卷 6-11,18页

作者： Yue LIANG Xingsheng LI yangdong guo Xiaowei YUAN Huasheng Agriculture Group Co. Ltd.Qingzhou 262500China College of Horticulture China Agricultural UniversityBeijing 100193China

There are many varieties of vegetables in Cruciferae,which have a wide distribution and occupy an important position in the global vegetable industry.The bolting period is a crucial stage in the growth cycle of cruciferous plants,which directly affects the yield and quality of vegetable crops.This paper summarized the research progress on the physiological and biochemical characteristics,molecular genetic mechanisms and molecular markers of the flowering and bolting traits in cruciferous vegetables,in order to provide new ideas for revealing the regulatory mechanisms of flowering and bolting in cruciferous vegetables and to provide reference for the breeding of new varieties of cruciferous vegetables that are resistant to flowering.

关键词： Cruciferae Bolting Flowering

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Main Diseases of Zucchini and Their Prevention and Control Methods

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Plant Diseases and Pests 2023年第1期14卷 9-13,16页

作者： Xiaowei YUAN Yimin GU yangdong guo Xiping SUN Xingsheng LI Huasheng Seed Group Co. Ltd.Qingzhou 262500China College of Horticulture China Agricultural UniversityBeijing 100193China

This paper elaborates the symptom characteristics and control methods of virus diseases including squash leaf curl china virus(SLCCNV),watermelon mosaic virus(WMV),cucurbit chlorotic yellows virus(CCYV),cucumber mosaic virus(CMV)and zucchini yellow mosaic virus(ZYMV),as well as fungal diseases including zucchini powdery mildew,zucchini downy mildew and zucchini scab that harm zucchini production,in order to provide a theoretical basis and technical support for disease prevention and control of zucchini.

关键词： Zucchini Disease Virus disease Fungal disease Control

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Palm oil protectsα-linolenic acid from rumen biohydrogenation and muscle oxidation in cashmere goat kids

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2021年第2期12卷 711-728页

作者： Xue Wang Graeme B.Martin Qi Wen Shulin Liu Yinhao Li Binlin Shi Xiaoyu guo Yanli Zhao yangdong guo Sumei Yan Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science College of Animal ScienceInner Mongolia Agricultural UniversityHohhot 010018China Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health College of HorticultureChina Agricultural UniversityBeijing 100193China UWA Institute of Agriculture The University of Western Australia35 Stirling HighwayCrawleyWA 6009Australia

Background:In ruminants,dietary C18:3n-3 can be lost through biohydrogenation in the rumen;and C18:3n-3 that by-passes the rumen still can be lost through oxidation in muscle,theoretically reducing the deposition of C18:3n-3,the substrate for synthesis of poly-unsaturated fatty acids(n-3 LCPUFA)in muscle.In vitro studies have shown that rumen hydrogenation of C18:3n-3 is reduced by supplementation with palm oil(rich in cis-9 C18:1).In addition,in hepatocytes,studies with neonatal rats have shown that cis-9 C18:1 inhibits the oxidation of C18:3n-3.It therefore seems likely that palm oil could reduce both rumen biohydrogenation of C18:3n-3 and muscle oxidation of C18:3n-3.The present experiment tested whether the addition of palm oil to a linseed oil supplement for goat kids would prevent the losses of C18:3n-3 and thus improve the FA composition in two muscles,Longissimus dorsi and Biceps femoris.To investigate the processes involved,we studied the rumen bacterial communities and measured the mRNA expression of genes related to lipid metabolism in Longissimus dorsi.Sixty 4-month-old castrated male Albas white cashmere kids were randomly allocated among three dietary treatments.All three diets contained the same ingredients in the same proportions,but differed in their fat additives:palm oil(PMO),linseed oil(LSO)or mixed oil(MIX;2 parts linseed oil plus 1 part palm oil on a weight basis).Results:Compared with the LSO diet,the MIX diet decreased the relative abuandance of Pseudobutyrivibrio,a bacterial species that is positively related to the proportional loss rate of dietary C18:3n-3 and that has been reported to generate the ATP required for biohydrogenation(reflecting a decrease in the abundance of rumen bacteria that hydrogenate C18:3n-3 in MIX kids).In muscle,the MIX diet increased concentrations of C18:3n-3,C20:5n-3,C22:6n-3,and n-3 LCPUFA,and thus decreased the n-6/n-3 ratio;decreased the mRNA expression of CPT1β(a gene associated with fatty acid oxidation)and increased the mRNA expression of FADS1 and FADS2

关键词： Desaturases Docosahexaenoic acid Hydrogenation Goats Meat Oleic acid Oxidative stress

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无托槽隐形矫治器远移上下磨牙矫治恒牙早期牙列拥挤的疗效分析

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陆军军医大学学报 2024年第13期46卷 1577-1584页

作者：何淼林仰东赵博郭咏娟天津市第一中心医院口腔正畸科天津300192

目的评价无托槽隐形矫治器远移上下颌磨牙矫治恒牙早期牙列拥挤的临床效果。方法选择恒牙早期安氏Ⅰ类中度拥挤病例36例,其中男性17例,女性19例,年龄(13.20±0.53)岁。采取无托槽隐形矫治器推上下颌磨牙向后获取间隙排齐整平牙列。测量... 详细信息

目的评价无托槽隐形矫治器远移上下颌磨牙矫治恒牙早期牙列拥挤的临床效果。方法选择恒牙早期安氏Ⅰ类中度拥挤病例36例,其中男性17例,女性19例,年龄(13.20±0.53)岁。采取无托槽隐形矫治器推上下颌磨牙向后获取间隙排齐整平牙列。测量治疗前后头颅侧位X线片,采用配对t检验比较治疗前后各项头影测量数值。结果36例患者平均疗程为21.2个月。治疗后均获得良好的覆(牙合)、覆盖及中性磨牙(牙合)关系,上下颌牙列整齐,软组织侧貌得到维持。相关头影测量项目分析显示:治疗后Ptm-U6距减小(2.89±1.22)mm、Go-L6距减小(2.61±1.07)mm,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.01),而UL-EP、LL-EP、NLA、FCA矫治前后差异均无统计学意义。结论在治疗目标位设置合理以及良好的牙齿移动设计的情况下,无托槽隐形矫治器能有效远移上下磨牙获取间隙矫治恒牙早期中度拥挤病例,并维持了患者侧貌形态。

关键词：正畸无托槽隐形矫治器磨牙远移支抗头影测量

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Isolation and Identification of Squash Leaf Curl China Virus in Zucchini

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Agricultural Biotechnology 2022年第5期11卷 1-3,14页

作者： Huixian SHI Yimin GU Xingsheng LI Xiping SUN yangdong guo Xiaowei YUAN Huasheng Seed Group Co. Ltd.Qingzhou 262500China College of Horticulture China Agricultural UniversityBeijing 100193China

[Objectives]In 2019,virus diseases occurred widely on zucchini planted in Shandong Province.The disease symptom was different from previous reports.This study aimed to identify the pathogen causing the zucchini virus disease.[Methods]Ten diseased zucchini leaves were collected in the field and used as materials for PCR and sequencing.[Results]PCR detection and sequencing showed that the nucleotide sequence of the amplified fragment had the highest identity with the squash isolate of squash leaf curl China virus(SLCCNV)(MW389919.1)in Guangdong Province.Primers were further designed for amplifying the full-length SLCCNV.The full-length DNA-A was 2730 bp(OM692270.1),and the full-length DNA-B was 2711 bp(OM692269.1).Through sequence alignment,it was found that the DNA-A sequence shared identity of 89.65%-99.42%with registered SLCCNV,and the identity with the SLCCNV-GDHY pumpkin isolate(MW389919.1)in Guangdong was the highest,at 99.42%.The DNA-B sequence was identical with registered SLCCNV in the range of 81.82%-97.29%,and the identity with the SLCCNV-GDHY pumpkin isolate(MW389918.1)in Guangdong,was the highest,at 97.29%.Therefore,it was speculated that SLCCNV is the pathogen of zucchini virus disease.Since the virus was first found on zucchini in Shandong,it was named SLCCNV-SD.[Conclusions]This study provides materials for the research on the spread of SLCCNV in China and the analysis of population genetic characteristics,as well as a reference for the prevention and control of the virus in zucchini.

关键词： Zucchini Viral disease Squash leaf curl China virus

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SlMAPKKK43调控番茄对灰霉病的抗性

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园艺学报 2024年第2期51卷 309-320页

作者：董晓南吕红梅赵立群何秉青张姣姣赵冰郭仰东张娜中国农业大学园艺学院蔬菜系北京市设施蔬菜生长发育调控重点实验室北京100193 中国农业大学三亚研究院海南三亚572025 北京市农业技术推广站北京100029 北京市昌平区农业技术推广站北京102200

促丝裂原活化蛋白激酶(Mitogen-activated protein kinase,MAPK)级联途径在植物的多种发育和生理过程中发挥重要作用,并应对各种生物和非生物胁迫。本研究中利用农杆菌介导的遗传转化方法获得了SlMAPKKK43过表达植株和CRISPR-Cas9介导的... 详细信息

促丝裂原活化蛋白激酶(Mitogen-activated protein kinase,MAPK)级联途径在植物的多种发育和生理过程中发挥重要作用,并应对各种生物和非生物胁迫。本研究中利用农杆菌介导的遗传转化方法获得了SlMAPKKK43过表达植株和CRISPR-Cas9介导的SlMAPKKK43敲除突变体,用灰葡萄孢接种转基因株系的离体叶片和果实,分析发现SlMAPKKK43正调控番茄对灰霉病的抗性。为进一步解析SlMAPKKK43调控番茄灰霉病抗性的分子机制,利用Pulldown-MS技术筛选到已知的灰霉病调控因子SlMKK2和SlMKK4可能作为SlMAPKKK43的底物,利用体外磷酸化试验初步验证SlMAPKKK43可以磷酸化SlMKK2和SlMKK4。

关键词：番茄灰葡萄孢 MAPK级联 SlMAPKKK43

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十字花科蔬菜抽薹开花性状的研究进展

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浙江农业科学 2024年第5期65卷 1012-1018页

作者：袁晓伟梁悦郭仰东李兴盛华盛农业集团股份有限公司山东青州262500 中国农业大学园艺学院北京100193

十字花科蔬菜种类多、分布广,在世界蔬菜产业中占有重要地位。抽薹期是十字花科植物生长周期的关键阶段,直接影响蔬菜作物的产量与品质。文章从十字花科蔬菜抽薹开花性状的生理生化特性、分子遗传机制以及分子标记三方面总结了相关的研... 详细信息

十字花科蔬菜种类多、分布广,在世界蔬菜产业中占有重要地位。抽薹期是十字花科植物生长周期的关键阶段,直接影响蔬菜作物的产量与品质。文章从十字花科蔬菜抽薹开花性状的生理生化特性、分子遗传机制以及分子标记三方面总结了相关的研究进展,以期为十字花科抽薹开花调控机制的揭示带来新思路,为耐抽薹十字花科蔬菜新品种选育提供参考。

关键词：十字花科抽薹开花

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深层煤层气水平井安全钻井技术

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钻采工艺 2024年第3期47卷 33-41页

作者：冯义任凯刘俊田李慎越郭杨栋曲艺超杨立军中国石油吐哈油田公司采油工艺研究院中国石油吐哈油田公司勘探开发研究院中国石油西部钻探工程有限公司准东钻井公司

针对吐哈盆地深层煤层气的勘探,前期以直井试采为主,水平井的钻井技术仍处于探索阶段。由于该区块属于高陡斜坡区、煤系地层发育,导致直井段井斜易超标、煤系地层的井眼井壁易失稳、水平井井段的轨迹难以控制及固井质量差等问题,文章通... 详细信息

针对吐哈盆地深层煤层气的勘探,前期以直井试采为主,水平井的钻井技术仍处于探索阶段。由于该区块属于高陡斜坡区、煤系地层发育,导致直井段井斜易超标、煤系地层的井眼井壁易失稳、水平井井段的轨迹难以控制及固井质量差等问题,文章通过分析高陡斜坡区提速限制因素,引入自动垂钻系统,形成直井段防斜打快技术,解决了高陡斜坡区防斜和大钻压快速钻进的矛盾;分析煤层井壁失稳机理,开展浸泡实验,优选了胺基有机盐钻井液体系,提高抑制性和封堵固结井壁性能,强化了煤系地层井壁稳定;结合深层煤层三压力剖面预测数据优化井身结构及轨迹控制,设计防卡PDC钻头和钻具组合,配套强抑制、强封堵性胺基有机盐钻井液,实现了煤层水平段安全延伸;强化钻井参数,应用岩屑清洁工具和个性化通井钻具组合,提高了井眼清洁效率;优化套管选型、扶正器配置及水泥浆体系,保障了固井质量。该系列技术为实现吐哈盆地深层煤层气水平井安全高效钻探奠定了基础。

关键词：吐哈盆地深层煤层气高陡构造防斜打快井壁稳定安全钻井

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液控液驱水平井测井牵引器设计与仿真

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石油工业技术监督 2024年第4期40卷 59-64页

作者：周渟秦彦斌王健李杨栋郭忠原赵朕浩西安石油大学机械工程学院陕西西安710065

针对水平井测井井下工具下入困难的问题,设计了一款液控液驱的伸缩式水平井牵引器。提出平衡式油箱设计,来平衡掉井下压力,以液控阀控制液压油路,实现大流量液压油驱动液压缸动作,使其能在高温高压深井中实现较快移动。首先,根据牵引器... 详细信息

针对水平井测井井下工具下入困难的问题,设计了一款液控液驱的伸缩式水平井牵引器。提出平衡式油箱设计,来平衡掉井下压力,以液控阀控制液压油路,实现大流量液压油驱动液压缸动作,使其能在高温高压深井中实现较快移动。首先,根据牵引器的性能指标,确定了牵引器的系统组成与工作原理,完成了牵引短节、液压动力短节、电控短节的结构设计与三维建模;然后,针对牵引器锁止过程,采用力学分析方法建立了牵引力模型;最后,通过Adams软件搭建牵引器虚拟样机,进行运动模拟仿真分析得到仿真数据。结果表明,牵引器在139.7 mm套管中爬行时,能稳定提供7 500 N的牵引力。

关键词：牵引器水平井液控液驱结构设计虚拟仿真

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