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Roles and application of exosomes in the development,diagnosis and treatment of gastric cancer

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology 2024年第3期16卷 630-642页

作者： Xiao-Li guan Xiao-Ying guan Zheng-Yi Zhang Department of General Medicine The Second Hospital of Lanzhou UniversityLanzhou 730030Gansu ProvinceChina Department of Pathology The Second Hospital of Lanzhou UniversityLanzhou 730030Gansu ProvinceChina

As important messengers of intercellular communication,exosomes can regulate local and distant cellular communication by transporting specific exosomal con-tents and can also promote or suppress the development and progression of gas-tric cancer(GC)by regulating the growth and proliferation of tumor cells,the tumor-related immune response and tumor *** transport bioactive molecules including DNA,proteins,and RNA(coding and noncoding)from donor cells to recipient cells,causing reprogramming of the target *** this review,we will describe how exosomes regulate the cellular immune respon-se,tumor angiogenesis,proliferation and metastasis of GC cells,and the role and mechanism of exosome-based therapy in human *** will also discuss the potential application value of exosomes as biomarkers in the diagnosis and treat-ment of GC and their relationship with drug resistance.

关键词： Exosomes Gastric cancer Immune regulation Diagnosis Cancer therapy

中枢神经系统炎性脱髓鞘损伤髓鞘再生的细胞学治疗

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神经科学通报 2005年第5期21卷 364-369页

作者：管阳太张广先 Abdolmohamad Rostami 第二军医大学长海医院神经内科上海2004332 Thomas Jefferson大学附属医院神经科及多发性硬化研究中心美国19107

多发性硬化(MS)损伤的病理特征是髓鞘脱失。髓鞘再生近年来被认为是自身免疫性脱髓鞘疾病,尤其是MS治疗中非常有前景的方向。髓鞘再生治疗可分为内源性和外源性,所以大量的临床和实验研究都集中于通过外源性移植细胞或通过促进内源性再... 详细信息

多发性硬化(MS)损伤的病理特征是髓鞘脱失。髓鞘再生近年来被认为是自身免疫性脱髓鞘疾病,尤其是MS治疗中非常有前景的方向。髓鞘再生治疗可分为内源性和外源性,所以大量的临床和实验研究都集中于通过外源性移植细胞或通过促进内源性再生机制来获得中枢神经系统脱髓鞘区域的髓鞘再生,并均取得一定的成功。本文对近年来MS髓鞘再生的细胞学治疗的现状和神经科学背景及再生髓鞘治疗的将来可能发展方向进行了评述。

关键词：多发性硬化髓鞘再生细胞治疗脱髓鞘

TBK1:a new target for overcoming cancer immunotherapy resistance

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Science China(Life Sciences) 2024年第1期67卷 217-218页

作者： Jizhong guan Long Zhang Fangfang Zhou Institutes of Biology and Medical Science Soochow UniversitySuzhou 215123China MOE Laboratory of Biosystems Homeostasis and Protection and Innovation Center for Cell Signaling Network Life Sciences InstituteZhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310058China

In a recent study published in Nature,Sun et al.(2023)discovered that targeting TANK-binding kinase 1(TBK1)can successfully overcome resistance to immune checkpoint blockade(ICB)treatment and the study revealed its potential *** authors provided evidence that the disruption of TBK1 signal enhances the blockade of programmed cell death protein-1(PD-1)and promotes anti-tumor immunity in the tumor microenvironment(TME).Tumor cells rely on Janus kinase(JAK)and signal transducer as well as activator of transcription(STAT)signals to elicit an immune response by perceiving tumor necrosis factorα(TNF-α)and interferon-γ(IFN-γ),resulting in receptor-interacting protein kinase(RIPK)-caspase-mediated cell death in tumor cells(Figure 1).

关键词： TBK1 immunity

Pavement Pothole Detection System Based on Deep Learning and Binocular Vision

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Journal of Traffic and Transportation Engineering(English Edition) 2024年

作者： Tian guan Jianyuan Cai Yu Wang Wei yang Xiaobo Chang Yi Han School of Automobile， Chang'an University China National Heavy Duty Truck Group Company Limited

Due to strong vibrations and the impact on high-speed vehicles， road potholes may cause discomfort to passengers， damaging the durability of the suspension and the integrity of the cargo. Therefore， a road pothole detection system is proposed， which uses deep learning and binocular vision for precise detection in the front. Based on the impact of road surface potholes on human driving behavior decisions of manually driven vehicles， which can cause drivers to slow down or stop， change driving routes， or even increase accident risks， road surface potholes can be divided into three categories: severe potholes (deep and large potholes)， non damaged road surfaces (flat surfaces without obvious potholes or damage)， and completely damaged road surfaces (there may be large areas of potholes， cracks， or other structural damage). 6848 road surface pit condition recognition datasets were constructed using a vehicle mounted binocular camera. Group attention shuffling block (CASB) is designed to enhance the expression of channel and spatial feature information in road images， while improving the existing shuffling network (ShuffleNetv2). This establishes a ShuffleNetv2 (CASB ShuffleNetv2) model based on mixed attention for identifying the state of road potholes. The experimental results show that the model has better accuracy than the basic model and can effectively detect road potholes. Due to the varying sizes of potholes on the road surface， small potholes may only require slight avoidance， while large potholes may cause serious vehicle damage. And there are different visual effects on the vertical distance of the pit. To address the aforementioned issues， the LabelImg image annotation tool was used to manually annotate the pothole areas， in order to construct a dataset for detecting 2029 road pothole areas. We replaced the ordinary convolution in the CenterNet feature extraction network with pyramid convolution with multiple receptive fields， and designed a feature fusion mo

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Equation of state for boron nitride along the principal Hugoniot to 16 Mbar

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Matter and Radiation at Extremes 2024年第5期9卷 77-86页

作者： Huan Zhang Yutong yang Weimin yang Zanyang guan Xiaoxi Duan Mengsheng yang Yonggang Liu Jingxiang Shen Katarzyna Batani Diluka Singappuli Ke Lan Yongsheng Li Wenyi Huo Hao Liu Yulong Li Dong yang Sanwei Li Zhebin Wang Jiamin yang Zongqing Zhao Weiyan Zhang Liang Sun Wei Kang Dimitri Batani National Key Laboratory of Plasma Physics Laser Fusion Research CenterChina Academy of Engineering PhysicsMianyang 621900China HEDPS Center for Applied Physics and Technologyand College of PhysicsPeking UniversityBeijing 100871China HEDPS Center for Applied Physics and Technologyand School of EngineeringPeking UniversityBeijing 100871China Institute of Plasma Physics and Laser Microfusion Hery 2301-497 WarszawaPoland Universitéde Bordeaux CNRSCEACELIA(Centre Lasers Intenses et Applications)UMR 5107F-33405 TalenceFrance Institute of Applied Physics and Computational Mathematics Beijing 100094China

The thermodynamic properties of boron nitride under extreme pressures and temperatures are of great interest and importance for materials science and inertial confinement fusion physics,but they are poorly understood owing to the challenges of performing experiments and realizing ab initio ***,we report the first shock Hugoniot data on hexagonal boron nitride at pressures of 5–16 Mbar,using hohlraum-driven shock waves at the SGIII-p laser facility in *** density functional theory molecular dynamics calculations closely match experimental data,validating the equations of state for modeling the shock response of boron nitride and filling a crucial gap in the knowledge of boron nitride properties in the region of multi-Mbar pressures and eV *** results presented here provide fundamental insights into boron nitride under the extreme conditions relevant to inertial confinement fusion,hydrogen–boron fusion,and high-energy-density physics.

关键词： boron Hugoniot extreme

Could natural phytochemicals be used to reduce nitrogen excretion and excreta‑derived N_(2)O emissions from ruminants?

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2024年第2期15卷 490-508页

作者： Yuchao Zhao Ming Liu Linshu Jiang Leluo guan Beijing Key Laboratory of Dairy Cow Nutrition College of Animal Science and TechnologyBeijing University of AgricultureBeijing 102206China College of Animal Science and Technology China Agricultural UniversityBeijing 100193China Department of Agricultural Food and Nutritional ScienceUniversity of AlbertaEdmontonAB T6G 2R3Canada

Ruminants play a critical role in our food system by converting plant biomass that humans cannot or choose not to consume into edible high-quality ***,ruminant excreta is a significant source of nitrous oxide(N_(2)O),a potent greenhouse gas with a long-term global warming potential 298 times that of carbon *** phytochemicals or forages containing phytochemicals have shown the potential to improve the efficiency of nitrogen(N)utilization and decrease N_(2)O emissions from the excreta of *** inclusion of tannins can shift more of the excreted N to the feces,alter the urinary N composition and consequently reduce N_(2)O emissions from *** oils or saponins could inhibit rumen ammonia production and decrease urinary N *** grazed pastures,large amounts of glucosinolates or aucubin can be introduced into pasture soils when animals consume plants rich in these compounds and then excrete them or their metabolites in the urine or *** inhibitory compounds are excreted in the urine,they would be directly applied to the urine patch to reduce nitrification and subsequent N_(2)O *** phytochemicals’role in sustainable ruminant production is undeniable,but much uncertainty ***,transient effects,and adverse effects limit the effectiveness of these phytochemicals for reducing N *** this review,we will identify some current phytochemicals found in feed that have the potential to manipulate ruminant N excretion or mitigate N_(2)O production and deliberate the challenges and opportunities associated with using phytochemicals or forages rich in phytochemicals as dietary strategies for reducing N excretion and excreta-derived N_(2)O emissions.

关键词： Nitrogen metabolism Nitrous oxide Plant bioactive compounds Ruminant Urine patches

Design of Protograph LDPC-Coded MIMO-VLC Systems with Generalized Spatial Modulation

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China Communications 2024年第3期21卷 118-136页

作者： Dai Lin Fang Yi guan Yongliang Mohsen Guizani School of Information Engineering Guangdong University of TechnologyGuangzhou 51006China The State Key Laboratory of Integrated Services Networks Xidian UniversityXi’an 710126China School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Nanyang Technological UniversitySingapore Department of Machine Learning Mohamed Bin Zayed University of Artificial Intelligence(MBZUAI)Abu DhabiUnited Arab Emirates

This paper investigates the bit-interleaved coded generalized spatial modulation(BICGSM) with iterative decoding(BICGSM-ID) for multiple-input multiple-output(MIMO) visible light communications(VLC). In the BICGSM-ID scheme, the information bits conveyed by the signal-domain(SiD) symbols and the spatial-domain(SpD) light emitting diode(LED)-index patterns are coded by a protograph low-density parity-check(P-LDPC) code. Specifically, we propose a signal-domain symbol expanding and re-allocating(SSER) method for constructing a type of novel generalized spatial modulation(GSM) constellations, referred to as SSERGSM constellations, so as to boost the performance of the BICGSM-ID MIMO-VLC ***, by applying a modified PEXIT(MPEXIT) algorithm, we further design a family of rate-compatible P-LDPC codes, referred to as enhanced accumulate-repeat-accumulate(EARA) codes,which possess both excellent decoding thresholds and linear-minimum-distance-growth property. Both analysis and simulation results illustrate that the proposed SSERGSM constellations and P-LDPC codes can remarkably improve the convergence and decoding performance of MIMO-VLC systems. Therefore, the proposed P-LDPC-coded SSERGSM-mapped BICGSMID configuration is envisioned as a promising transmission solution to satisfy the high-throughput requirement of MIMO-VLC applications.

关键词： bit-interleaved coded modulation generalized spatial modulation multiple-input multipleoutput protograph LDPC codes visible light communication

Quantitative assessment of the supply,demand and flows of ecosystem services in the yangtze River Basin,China

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Frontiers of Earth Science 2024年第2期18卷 422-445页

作者： Dongjie guan Xiaofeng FAN Lilei ZHOU Kangwen ZHU School of Smart City Institute Chongqing Jiaotong UniversityChongqing 400074China

Ecosystem service flow is essential for transporting,transforming,and maintaining ecosystem services and connecting supply and *** study attempted to quantitatively assess the supply and demand flows of ecosystem services in the yangtze River Basin in 2000,2010,and 2020;assess the evolution of the spatial patterns of ecosystem service flow at the provincial,watershed and urban agglomeration scales;and design a zoning standard for ecosystem service *** results showed as follows.1)Between 2000 and 2020,the yangtze River had a progressive drop in its freshwater supply,water conservation service and carbon sequestration service *** decline rates for these services were measured at 10.90%,11.11%,and 5.17%,*** climate regulation service flow exhibited a pattern of initial fall followed by a subsequent increase,characterized by a decline rate of 35.53%.2)The lowest was the ecosystem service flow in the lower reaches of the yangtze River and the yangtze River Delta urban *** supply service flow and water conservation service flow were the highest in the upper reaches of the yangtze River and the Chengdu-Chongqing urban *** sequestration service flow and climate regulation service flow were the highest in the middle reaches of the yangtze River Basin and the urban agglomeration in the middle reaches of the yangtze River.3)From 2000 to 2020,the change ratios of the area proportion of the confluence,flow,and outflow areas in the yangtze River Basin were 1.06,3.17,and 0.86,*** results of this research could offer decision support for regulating ecosystem services in the yangtze River Basin,promoting sustainable regional development and achieving rational use of the basin resources.

关键词： yangtze River Basin ecosystem services supply and demand service flow quantitative assessment spatial matching

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Optics-driven drone

Science China(Information Sciences) 2024年第2期67卷 322-324页

作者： Xuelong LI guan HUANG Zhigang WANG Bin ZHAO School of Artificial Intelligence OPtics and Electro Nics (iOPEN)Northwestern Polytechnical University Shanghai Artificial Intelligence Laboratory

In the field of vicinagearth security, low-altitude flying vehicles such as drones play an indispensable role in aerial remote sensing, intelligent search and rescue, etc. [1]. It can be foreseen that the autonomous and intelligent execution of complex tasks by drones is an inevitable trend for future development.

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