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Pronounced temporal changes in soil microbial community and nitrogen transformation caused by benzalkonium chloride

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2023年第4期126卷 827-835页

作者： Rui yang Shaohong zhou Lilan Zhang Cunli Qin State Key Laboratory of Coal Mine Disaster Dynamics and Control Chongqing UniversityChongqing 400044China Key Laboratory of Three Gorges Reservoir Region’s Eco-Environment Ministry of EducationChongqing UniversityChongqing 400045China

As one typical cationic disinfectant, quaternary ammonium compounds(QACs) were approved for surface disinfection in the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic and then unintentionally or intentionally released into the surrounding environment. Concerningly, it is still unclear how the soil microbial community succession happens and the nitrogen(N)cycling processes alter when exposed to QACs. In this study, one common QAC(benzalkonium chloride(BAC) was selected as the target contaminant, and its effects on the temporal changes in soil microbial community structure and nitrogen transformation processes were determined by q PCR and 16S r RNA sequencing-based methods. The results showed that the aerobic microbial degradation of BAC in the two different soils followed first-order kinetics with a half-life(4.92 vs. 17.33 days) highly dependent on the properties of the soil. BAC activated the abundance of N fixation gene(nif H) and nitrification genes(AOA and AOB) in the soil and inhibited that of denitrification gene(nar G). BAC exposure resulted in the decrease of the alpha diversity of soil microbial community and the enrichment of Crenarchaeota and Proteobacteria. This study demonstrates that BAC degradation is accompanied by changes in soil microbial community structure and N transformation capacity.

关键词： Benzalkonium chloride Soil Degradation kinetics Microbial community structure Nitrogen cycling

Experimental study on transfer functions of an active rotor under different flight conditions

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Chinese Journal of Aeronautics 2022年第8期35卷 107-120页

作者： Jinlong zhou Linghua DONG Weidong yang National Key Laboratory of Rotorcraft Aeromechanics Nanjing University of Aeronautics and AstronauticsNanjing 210016China

Vibrations impose negative impacts on the effectiveness and public acceptance of helicopters.Active rotors with trailing-edge flaps have been proved to be an effective way to actively eliminate helicopter vibrations.For the existing control algorithm based on offline system identification,the transfer functions of an active rotor under different flight conditions are pre-requisites to implement closed-loop vibration control.In this study,a three-bladed active rotor with improved trailing-edge flaps is designed,and wind-tunnel tests are conducted to identify the transfer functions of this active rotor using frequency sweep and phase sweep methods.The experimental results demonstrate that these transfer functions are insensitive to the variation of flight speeds:the amplitude of the transfer function varies slightly,while the phase delay almost remains unchanged.In addition,this finding is validated through closed-loop vibration control tests with the active rotor.The transfer function obtained from the hover test results is also applicable to closed-loop vibration control tests under the forward flight conditions.This will dramatically simplify the implementation and operation of an active rotor.

关键词： Active rotor Helicopter Trailing-edge flap Transfer function Vibration control Wind tunnel test

Prognostic impact of the controlling nutritional status score in Chinese patients undergoing cardiac surgery

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Chinese Medical Journal 2023年第13期136卷 1609-1611页

作者： Yan yang Pei Zhang Hua zhou Min yang Department of Nephrology The First People’s Hospital of ChangzhouChangzhouJiangsu 213003China Medical School of Soochow University SoochowJiangsu 215007China

To the Editor:The overall survival rate among patients undergoing cardiac surgery has significantly increased,and reducing mortality and post-operative complications remain vital.Malnutrition is a common condition in hospitalized patients.There are several methods to evaluate nutritional status;however,some elements of malnutrition are difficult to measure.The controlling nutritional status(CONUT)score is an objective nutritional indicator and easy-to-perform practical screening tool that uses the serum albumin,peripheral lymphocyte count,and total cholesterol.Specifically.

关键词： patients surgery cardiac

PTHrP promotes subchondral bone formation in TMJ-OA

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International Journal of Oral Science 2022年第4期14卷 489-496页

作者： Jun Zhang Caixia Pi Chen Cui Yang Zhou Bo Liu Juan Liu Xin Xu Xuedong zhou Liwei Zheng State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases&National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases&West China Hospital of Stomatology Sichuan UniversityChengduChina Yunnan Key Laboratory of Stomatology KunmingChina Department of Affiliated Stomatological HospitalKunming Medical UniversityKunmingChina

PTH-related peptide(PTHr P) improves the bone marrow micro-environment to activate the bone-remodelling, but the coordinated regulation of PTHr P and transforming growth factor-β(TGFβ) signalling in TMJ-OA remains incompletely understood. We used disordered occlusion to establish model animals that recapitulate the ordinary clinical aetiology of TMJ-OA. Immunohistochemical and histological analyses revealed condylar fibrocartilage degeneration in model animals following disordered occlusion. TMJ-OA model animals administered intermittent PTHr P(i PTH) exhibited significantly decreased condylar cartilage degeneration. Micro-CT,histomorphometry, and Western Blot analyses disclosed that i PTH promoted subchondral bone formation in the TMJ-OA model animals. In addition, i PTH increased the number of osterix(OSX)-positive cells and osteocalcin(OCN)-positive cells in the subchondral bone marrow cavity. However, the number of osteoclasts was also increased by i PTH, indicating that subchondral bone volume increase was mainly due to the i PTH-mediated increase in the bone-formation ability of condylar subchondral bone.In vitro, PTHr P treatment increased condylar subchondral bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cell(SMSC) osteoblastic differentiation potential and upregulated the gene and protein expression of key regulators of osteogenesis. Furthermore, we found that PTHr P-PTH1R signalling inhibits TGFβ signalling during osteoblastic differentiation. Collectively, these data suggested that i PTH improves OA lesions by enhancing osteoblastic differentiation in subchondral bone and suppressing aberrant active TGFβsignalling. These findings indicated that PTHr P, which targets the TGFβ signalling pathway, may be an effective biological reagent to prevent and treat TMJ-OA in the clinic.

关键词： TMJ degeneration occlusion

Effect of VirD4 on gastric epithelial-1 cells and its mechanism

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BIOCELL 2022年第6期46卷 1557-1564页

作者： yang yang BENSHUAI YOU CHENGLIN zhou Clinical Laboratory Center Jiangsu Taizhou People’s HospitalTaizhou225399China School of Medicine Jiangsu UniversityZhenjiang212013China

The gene of Helicobacter pylori can encode three to four type IV secretory systems,of which a new gene region has been found in the H.pylori plasticity region.The coding products of this region can form a new T4SS named tfs3,but its function is unclear.This study investigated the effect of VirD4 recombinant protein in the tfs3 secretory system of the H.pylori clinical strain SBK on GES-1 cells.We observed changes in cell morphology after VirD4 treatment.Further analysis indicated that VirD4 increased inflammation by increasing the activation of NF-κB.VirD4 can also inhibited proliferation,and induced migration of cells.Moreover,VirD4 caused apoptosis in GES-1 cells in caspase and ERK1/2/Ras dependent signaling events.Our study laid a foundation for further research on the biological function of VirD4 and the detection and treatment of H.pylori-related diseases.

关键词： H.pylori tfs3 VirD4 NF-κB Ras/Erk

Facile synthesis of gradient copolymers enabled by droplet-flow photo-controlled reversible deactivation radical polymerization

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Science China Chemistry 2021年第5期64卷 844-851页

作者： Yang Zhou Shantao Han Yu Gu Mao Chen State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers Department of Macromolecular ScienceFudan UniversityShanghai 200438China

Monomer sequence influences the properties and applications of polymers.Consequently,massive efforts have been made to implement sequence control of polymers.In this work,we developed a computer-aided droplet-flow polymerization based on photo-controlled reversible-deactivation radical polymerization(photo-RDRP),enabling synthesis of gradient copolymers of tunable sequential arrangements,low dispersity and good structural fidelity from various monomers without following their intrinsic reactivities,which is a key limitation in sequence control.The obtained gradient copolymers exhibit unique thermal properties and stimulus responsiveness comparing with the random and block counterparts,and their glass transition behaviour could be regulated by the gradient tendency.We believe that the unprecedented gradient photo-RDRP based on flow synthesis opens a robust and versatile avenue to streamline the synthesis of well-defined gradient polymers,and is compatible with other polymerization mechanisms.

关键词： controlled radical polymerization photopolymerization gradient copolymer flow chemistry sequence control

A Self-Powered Optogenetic System for Implantable Blood Glucose Control

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Research 2022年第4期2022卷 295-307页

作者： Zhuo Liu Yang Zhou Xuecheng Qu Lingling Xu yang Zou Yizhu Shan Jiawei Shao Chan Wang Ying Liu Jiangtao Xue Dongjie Jiang Yubo Fan zhou Li Haifeng Ye Key Laboratory for Biomechanics and Mechanobiology of Ministry of Education Beijing Advanced Innovation Centre for Biomedical EngineeringSchool of Biological Science and Medical EngineeringSchool of Engineering MedicineBeihang UniversityBeijing 100191China CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience Beijing Key Laboratory of Micro-Nano Energy and Sensor Beijing Institute of Nanoenergy and NanosystemsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 101400China Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Genome Editing and Cell Therapy Biomedical Synthetic Biology Research CenterShanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory BiologyInstitute of Biomedical Sciences and School of Life SciencesEast China Normal UniversityDongchuan Road 500Shanghai 200241China School of Nanoscience and Technology University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China Center of Nanoenergy Research School of Physical Science and TechnologyGuangxi UniversityNanning 53004China Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China Chongqing Key Laboratory of Precision Optics Chongqing Institute of East China Normal UniversityChongqing 401120China

Diabetes treatment and rehabilitation are usually a lifetime process.Optogenetic engineered designer cell-therapy holds great promise in regulating blood glucose homeostasis.However,portable,sustainable,and long-term energy supplementation has previously presented a challenge for the use of optogenetic stimulation in vivo.Herein,we_purpose a self-powered optogenetic system(SOS)for implantable blood glucose control.The SOS consists of a biocompatible far-red light(FRL)source,FRL-triggered transgene-expressing cells,a power management unit,and a flexible implantable piezoelectric nanogenerator(i-PENG)to supply long-term energy by converting biomechanical energy into electricity.Our results show that this system can harvest energy from body movement and power the FRL source,which then significantly enhanced production of a short variant of human glucagon-like peptide 1(shGLP-1)in vitro and in vivo.Indeed,diabetic mice equipped with the SOS showed rapid restoration of blood glucose homeostasis,improved glucose,and insulin tolerance.Our results suggest that the SOs is sufficiently effective in self-powering the modulation of therapeutic outputs to control glucose homeostasis and,furthermore,present a new strategy for providing energy in optogenetic-based cell therapy.

关键词： homeostasis Blood furthermore

Design and fabrication of compact Ge-on-SOI coupling structure

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Frontiers of Optoelectronics 2019年第3期12卷 276-285页

作者： Jianfeng GAO Junqiang SUN Heng zhou Jialin JIANG Yang Zhou Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics School of Optical and Electronic InformationHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430074China

In this paper, we have proposed and demonstrated a simple approach to fabricate vertical integrated structure for coupling between active germanium (Ge) waveguide and silicon-on-insulator (SOI) waveguide. The active Ge waveguide is sputtered after etching the underlying passive silicon (Si) waveguide. This method scuttles away from the difficulty involved in the waveguide fabrication by avoiding the etching process for the Ge waveguide, and thereby the waveguide quality is improved. The influences of the coupling structural parameters on the coupling loss are analyzed and discussed. The optimizing parameters are obtained for the fabrication. The minimal coupling loss is experimentally measured about 2.37 dB, and variation tendency of coupling loss against the structural parameters is consistent with the theoretical result. The proposed approach offers an effective path for vertical coupling between Ge and SOI optical components.

关键词： taper coupler integrated optics device guided waves silicon-on-insulator (SOI) waveguide germanium (Ge) waveguide active Ge device Ge-on-SOI coupling structure

Spatial distribution and failure mechanism of water-induced landslides in the reservoir areas of Southwest China

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Journal of Rock Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering 2023年第2期15卷 442-456页

作者： Mingliang Chen Xingguo yang Jiawen zhou State Key Laboratory of Hydraulics and Mountain River Engineering Sichuan UniversityChengdu610065China College of Water Resources and Hydropower Sichuan UniversityChengdu610065China

Water-induced landslides in hydropower reservoirs pose a great threat to both project operation and human life.This paper examines three large reservoirs in Sichuan Province,China.Field surveys,site monitoring data analyses and numerical simulations are used to analyze the spatial distribution and failure mechanisms of water-induced landslides in reservoir areas.First,the general rules of landslide development in the reservoir area are summarized.The first rule is that most of the landslides have rear edge elevations of 100e500 m above the normal water level of the reservoir,with volumes in the range of 106 e107 m 3.When the volume exceeds a certain amount,the number of sites at which the landscape can withstand landslides is greatly reduced.Landslide hazards mainly occur in the middle section of the reservoir and less in the annex of the dam site and the latter half of the reservoir area.The second rule is that sedimentary rocks such as sandstone are more prone to landslide hazards than other lithologies.Then,the failure mechanism of changes in the water level that reduces the stability of the slope composed of different geomaterials is analyzed by a proposed slope stability framework that considers displacement and is discussed with the monitoring results.Permeability is an essential parameter for understanding the diametrically opposed deformation behavior of landslides experiencing filling-drawdown cycles during operation.This study seeks to provide inspiration to subsequent researchers,as well as guidance to technicians,on landslide prevention and control in reservoir areas.

关键词： Water-induced landslide Hydropower reservoir Spatial distribution Fundamental control Failure mechanism