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Deciphering urban traffic impacts on air quality by deep learning and emission inventory

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2023年第2期124卷 745-757页

作者： Wenjie Du Lianliang Chen Haoran wang Ziyang Shan Zhengyang Zhou Wenwei Li Yang Wang School of Software Engineering University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026China Suzhou Institute for Advanced Research University of Science and Technology of ChinaSuzhou 215123China Alibaba Inc. Hangzhou 310052China School of Computer Science and Technology University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026China CAS Key Laboratory of Urban Pollutant Conversion Department of environmental science and EngineeringUniversity of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026China USTC-CityU Joint Advanced Research Center Suzhou 215123China

Air pollution is a major obstacle to future sustainability,and traffic pollution has become a large drag on the sustainable developments of future metropolises.Here,combined with the large volume of real-time monitoring data,we propose a deep learning model,iDeepAir,to predict surface-level PM2.5 concentration in Shanghai megacity and link with MEIC emission inventory creatively to decipher urban traffic impacts on air quality.Our model exhibits high-fidelity in reproducing pollutant concentrations and reduces the MAE from 25.355μg/m^(3) to 12.283μg/m^(3) compared with other models.And identifies the ranking of major factors,local meteorological conditions have become a nonnegligible factor.Layer-wise relevance propagation(LRP)is used here to enhance the interpretability of the model and we visualize and analyze the reasons for the different correlation between traffic density and PM_(2.5) concentration in various regions of Shanghai.Meanwhile,As the strict and effective industrial emission reduction measurements implementing in China,the contribution of urban traffic to PM_(2.5) formation calculated by combining MEIC emission inventory and LRP is gradually increasing from 18.03%in 2011 to 24.37% in 2017 in Shanghai,and the impact of traffic emissions would be ever-prominent in 2030 according to our prediction.We also infer that the promotion of vehicular electrification would achieve further alleviation of PM_(2.5) about 8.45% by 2030 gradually.These insights are of great significance to provide the decision-making basis for accurate and high-efficient traffic management and urban pollution control,and eventually benefit people’s lives and high-quality sustainable developments of cities.

关键词： PM_(2.5)concentration forecast Traffic emissions Deep learning Attention mechanism New energy vehicles

Variations and drivers of aerosol vertical characterization after clean air policy in China based on 7-years consecutive observations

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2023年第3期125卷 499-512页

作者： Xi Chen Ting yang Haibo wang Futing wang Zifa wang State Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Boundary Layer Physics and Atmospheric Chemistry(LAPC) Institute of Atmospheric PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100029China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China

Understanding the aerosol vertical characterization is of great importance to both climate and atmospheric environment. This study investigated the variations of aerosol profiles over eight regions of interest in China after clean air policy(2013-2019) and discussed the drivers of the vertical aerosol structure, using observations from active satellite measurements(CALIPSO). From the annual variation, the amplitude of extinction coefficient profiles showed a decreasing trend with fluctuations, and the maximum was 0.21 km-1in BeijingTianjin-Hebei(JJJ). For regions suffered from air pollution, the variation was greatest below 0.45 km, while it was between 1-1.5 km for Sichuan Basin. The correlation coefficient between the relative humidity(RH) and the extinction coefficient indicated that the increase of RH inhibited the decrease of the extinction coefficient in the yangtze River Delta. In most regions, the main aerosol subtypes were polluted dust and polluted continental, but they were coarser in JJJ and North West. The frequency of concurrency of dust and polluted dust aerosols decreased in JJJ, but polluted continental aerosols occurred more frequently. Further, the aerosol extinction coefficient profiles under different pollution conditions showed that it changed most during heavy pollution periods in JJJ, especially in 2017, with a significant aerosol loading between700 and 1200 m. The atmospheric reanalysis data revealed that the weak convergence at low level and the divergence at high level supported the upward transport of aerosols in 2017. Overall, the differences in divergence allocation, RH, and wind filed were the main meteorological drivers.

关键词： Aerosol Vertical characteristic China CALIPSO Pollution period

Stochastic Failure Analysis of Reinforced Thermoplastic Pipes Under Axial Loading and Internal Pressure

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China Ocean Engineering 2022年第4期36卷 614-628页

作者： wang yang-yang LOU Min wang Yu WU Wu-gang yang Feng School of Petroleum Engineering China University of Petroleum(East China)Qingdao 266580China Key Laboratory of Unconventional Oil&Gas Development(China University of Petroleum(East China)) Ministry of EducationQingdao 266580China Kunming Shipborne Equipment Research and Test Center China Shipbuilding Industry CorporationKunming 650051China Cangzhou Mingzhu Plastic Co. Ltd.Cangzhou 061000China

This study explores how parametric uncertainties in the production affect failure tensile loads of reinforced thermoplastic pipes(RTPs)under combined loading conditions.The stress distributions in RTPs are examined with three-dimensional(3D)elasticity theory,and the analytical micromechanics of composites are evaluated.To evaluate the failure mechanisms for RTPs,3D Hashin–Yeh failure criteria are combined with the damage evolution model to establish a progressive failure model.The theoretical model has been validated through numerical simulations and axial tensile tests data.To analyze how randomness of relevant parameters affects the first-ply failure(FPF)tensile load and final failure(FF)tensile load in RTPs,many samples are produced with the Monte–Carlo approach.The stochastic analysis results are statistically evaluated through the Weibull probability density distribution function.For the randomness of production parameters,the failure tensile load of RTPs fluctuates near the mean value.As the ply number at the reinforced layer increases,the dispersion of failure tensile load increases,with a high probability that the FPF tensile load of RTPs is lower than the mean value.

关键词： reinforced thermoplastic pipes micromechanics evaluation progressive failure stochastic analysis

Self-assembled metal-organic frameworks nanocrystals synthesis and application for plumbagin drug delivery in acute lung injury therapy

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2022年第1期33卷 324-327页

作者： Yang Wang Qing Li Mengsheng Deng Kuijun Chen Jianmin wang State Key Laboratory of Trauma Burns and Combined InjuryDepartment of Surgical ResearchDaping HospitalArmy Medical UniversityChongqing 400042China School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Yangzhou UniversityYangzhou 225002China

Metal-organic frameworks(MOFs)have recently allured a variety of concern in the fields of nanotechnology.However,exploring their biomedical applications is still a relatively new field.In this work,zeolite imidazole skeleton-8(ZIF-8)was reported for the first time as a drug carrier for the treatment of lung injury.Uniform ZIF-8 nanoparticles encapsulating plumbagin(PLB)are achieved by a facile physical adsorption process.Scanning electron microscopy(SEM),powder X-ray diffraction(PXRD)and UV–vis absorption spectrum were conducted to investigate the physical properties of ZIF-8 and PLB@ZIF-8.In animal model,the collagen fibers deposition produced by severe lung injury is significantly decreased.The secretion of inflammatory factor TGF-βand IL-6 were efficiently dropped by the combination of plumbagin and ZIF-8.At the same time,the expressions of collagen I,α-SMA and TNF-αwere also suppressed.This strategy puts forth a promising blueprint in the application of MOF materials,especially in biomedical fields.

关键词： ZIF-8 Plumbagin Drug delivery Lung injury

Spiking-free HGO-based DSC for flexible joint manipulator

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Chinese Journal of Aeronautics 2022年第3期35卷 419-431页

作者： Dezhi KONG Wendong wang Yang Wang Junbo ZHANG Yikai SHI Lingyun KONG School of Mechanical Engineering Northwestern Polytechnical University Xi'an 710072China Shaanxi Engineering Research Center of Controllable Neutron Source School of ScienceXijing UniversityXi'an 710123China

The tracking control problem for Flexible Joint Manipulator Control System(FJMCS)with unmeasurable states is addressed in this paper.Firstly,a High-Gain Observer(HGO)is constructed to estimate the unmeasurable states and the uncertainties.Then,a Dynamic Surface Control(DSC)scheme is developed by using the estimation of HGO.The newly proposed controller has two advantages over the existing methods:(A)a novel Spike Suppression Function(SSF)is developed to avoid the estimation spike problem in the existing HGO-based controllers.(B)Unlike the existing observer-based partial feedback control scheme that can only estimate the unmeasurable states,the proposed HGO can estimate both the unmeasurable states and uncertainties.The closed-loop system stability is proved by the Lyapunov theory.Simulation results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed controller.

关键词： Dynamic surface control Flexible joint manipulator High-gain observer Mismatched uncertainties Partial states feedback Spike suppression

Mechanism and origin of diastereoselectivity of N-heterocyclic carbene-catalyzed cross-benzoin reaction:A DFT study

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2020年第3期31卷 736-738页

作者： Yang Wang Yu Lan Department of Material and Chemical Engineering Zhengzhou University of Light IndustryZhengzhou 450002China College of Chemistry Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhou 450001China School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Chongqing Key Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational ChemistryChongqing UniversityChongqing 4000030China

Herein,the origin of the diastereoselectivity of N-heterocyclic carbene(NHC)-catalyzed cross-benzoin reactions between an a-amino aldehyde and furfural was studied by density functional theory.The computational results showed that the reaction proceeded through four steps:nucleophilic addition of NHC onto furfural,formation of a Breslow intermediate,cross-coupling reaction between Breslow intermediate and a-amino alde hyde,and dissociation of the catalyst.The cross-coupling was identified as the diaste reoselectivity-determining step,with the R-configured product generated preferentially.Noncovalent inte raction(NCI)analysis showed that the C-H…O and C-H…F inte ractions were responsible for determining the diastereoselectivity.

关键词： Reaction mechanism DFT calculations N-Heterocyclic carbine Cross-benzoin Diastereoselectivity

Design and optimization of a gate-controlled dual direction electro-static discharge device for an industry-level fluorescent optical fiber temperature sensor

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Frontiers of Information Technology & Electronic Engineering 2022年第1期23卷 158-170页

作者： Yang Wang Xiangliang JIN Jian yang Feng YAN Yujie LIU Yan PENG Jun LUO Jun yang School of Physics and Electronics Hunan Normal UniversityChangsha410081 China School of Mechatronic Engineering and Automation Shanghai UniversityShanghai200444 China Faculty of Engineering Western UniversityLondonONN6A 3K7Canada

The input/output(I/O)pins of an industry-level fluorescent optical fiber temperature sensor readout circuit need on-chip integrated high-performance electro-static discharge(ESD)protection devices.It is difficult for the failure level of basic N-type buried layer gate-controlled silicon controlled rectifier(NBL-GCSCR)manufactured by the 0.18µm standard bipolar-CMOS-DMOS(BCD)process to meet this need.Therefore,we propose an on-chip integrated novel deep N-well gate-controlled SCR(DNW-GCSCR)with a high failure level to effectively solve the problems based on the same semiconductor process.Technology computer-aided design(TCAD)simulation is used to analyze the device characteristics.SCRs are tested by transmission line pulses(TLP)to obtain accurate ESD parameters.The holding voltage(24.03 V)of NBL-GCSCR with the longitudinal bipolar junction transistor(BJT)path is significantly higher than the holding voltage(5.15 V)of DNW-GCSCR with the lateral SCR path of the same size.However,the failure current of the NBL-GCSCR device is 1.71 A,and the failure current of the DNW-GCSCR device is 20.99 A.When the gate size of DNW-GCSCR is increased from 2µm to 6µm,the holding voltage is increased from 3.50 V to 8.38 V.The optimized DNW-GCSCR(6µm)can be stably applied on target readout circuits for on-chip electrostatic discharge protection.

关键词： Electric breakdown Semiconductor device reliability CMOS technology

AC Line Filter Electrochemical Capacitors:Materials,Morphology,and Configuration

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Energy & Environmental Materials 2022年第4期5卷 1060-1083页

作者： Haichao Tang yang Tian Zhongshuai Wu Yujia Zeng Yang Wang yang Hou Zhizhen Ye Jianguo Lu State Key Laboratory of Silicon Materials Key Laboratory for Biomedical Engineering of Ministry of EducationSchool of Materials Science and EngineeringZhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310027China State Key Laboratory of Catalysis Dalian Institute of Chemical PhysicsChinese Academy of Sciences457 Zhongshan RoadDalian 116023China Dalian National Laboratory for Clean Energy Chinese Academy of Sciences457 Zhongshan RoadDalian 116023China College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering Shenzhen UniversityShenzhen 518060China Key Laboratory of Biomass Chemical Engineering of Ministry of Education College of Chemical and Biological EngineeringZhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310027China Wenzhou Key Laboratory of Novel Optoelectronic and Nano Materials Institute of WenzhouZhejiang UniversityWenzhou 325036China

Recently,more and more supercapacitors(SCs)have been developed as AC line filter capacitors,which are generally named AC line filter electrochemical capacitors(FECs).Compared to traditional bulky aluminum electrolytic capacitors(AECs),FECs have higher capacity and lower space occupancy,which makes them a strong competitor.However,different from the common SCs for energy storage,it is necessary to consider the frequency response of the SCs for AC line filtering,where the contradiction between frequency response and specific capacitance is a challenge.The researchers have proposed different solutions from the perspective of materials,morphology,and configuration for this challenge.Based on the above background,in this review,we briefly introduce the principle and parameters of AC line filter electrochemical capacitors.We systematically summarize the state-of-the-art progresses of FECs and discuss their possible application and development in the future.The development of FECs can greatly promote the planarization,integration,and miniaturization of filter capacitors,and provide a new solution for the utilization of green and unstable energy.

关键词： AC line filtering fast response filter electrochemical capacitors specific capacitance supercapacitors

Metabolomics Combined with Network Pharmacology Uncovers Effective Targets of Tao-Hong-Si-Wu Decoction for Its Protection from Sepsis-Associated Acute Lung Injury

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Journal of Analysis and Testing 2023年第2期7卷 172-186页

作者： Jinzhi He Longfei wang Yang Wang Zeng Li Feihu Chen Zhicheng Liu Anhui Provincial Laboratory of Infl ammatory and Immunity Disease Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs School of PharmacyAnhui Medical UniversityHefei 230032China Shanxi Key Laboratory of Big Data for Clinical Decision Research School of ManagementShanxi Medical UniversityTaiyuan 030000China

Sepsis-induced acute lung injury(ALI)is a leading cause of death among septic complications.Tao-Hong-Si-Wu decoction(TSD),a classical recipe from traditional Chinese medicine used for treating ischemic stroke,has been recently reported to alleviate inflammation and inflammation-stimulated injuries related to the pathology of ALI.Here,we first observed the therapeutic effect of TSD on sepsis-induced ALI.Based on integrated metabolomics and network pharmacology analysis(NPA)techniques,we aim to understand the mechanism of TSD alleviating ALI.TSD’s effects were observed in rats modeled by cecal ligation and puncture(CLP)and rat macrophages stimulated by lipopolysaccharide(LPS).Metabolomics analyses were applied to determine the ingredients in the medicine and key metabolites correlated to the NPA for the prediction of TSD targets.Gene and protein expressions of the key predicted targets were evaluated in the lung tissue and macrophages of septic model rat by quantitative polymerase chain reaction(PCR)and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays,respectively.TSD improved survival rate and protected against lung injury in CLP rats.Eleven endogenous metabolites were related to TSD’s actions.TSD significantly suppressed IL-6 and TNF-αsecretions and their gene expressions both in the lung tissue of the model rats and in LPS-stimulated macrophages.TSD also restored decreased lung protein expression of VEGFA in septic model rats.Targeted proteins and their affecting metabolites were finally validated in an external test set of rats.This study shows that metabolomics coupled with NPA is a promising approach to explore potential targets of medicine with complex compositions.

关键词： Metabolomics Drug eff ect analysis Sepsis Traditional Chinese medicine Cytokines Bioanalysis