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Recent advances in promising drugs for primary prevention of gastroesophageal variceal bleeding with cirrhotic portal hypertension

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Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases International 2024年第1期23卷 4-13页

作者： Ji-Yao sheng Zi-Fan Meng Qiao Li Yong-sheng yang Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery the Second Hospital of Jilin UniversityChangchun 130041China Jilin Engineering Laboratory for Translational Medicine of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Diseases the Second Hospital of Jilin UniversityChangchun 130041China

Background:Gastroesophageal variceal bleeding is one of the most severe complications of patients with *** primary prevention drugs,including non-selectiveβ-blockers,have effectively reduced the incidence of bleeding,their efficacy is limited due to side effects and related *** recent advances in precision medicine,precise drug treatment provides better treatment *** sources:Literature search was conducted in PubMed,MEDLINE and Web of Science for relevant articles published up to May *** on clinical trials was obtained from https://***/and http://***/.Results:The in-depth understanding of the pathogenesis and advances of portal hypertension has enabled the discovery of multiple molecular targets for promising *** to the site of action,these drugs could be classified into four classes:intrahepatic,extrahepatic,both intrahepatic and extrahepatic targets and *** these classes of drugs offer advantages over traditional treatments in prevention of gastroesophageal variceal bleeding in patients with cirrhotic portal ***:This review classified and summarized the promising drugs,which prevent gastroesophageal variceal bleeding by targeting specific markers of pathogenesis of portal hypertension,demonstrating the significance of using the precision medicine strategy to discover and develop promising drugs for the primary prevention of gastroesophageal variceal bleeding in patients with cirrhotic portal hypertension.

关键词： Cirrhotic portal hypertension Target drug Primary prevention Bleeding

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Towards designing high mechanical performance low-alloyed wrought magnesium alloys via grain boundary segregation strategy: A review

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Journal of Magnesium and Alloys 2024年第5期12卷 1774-1791页

作者： Zhi Zhang Jinshu Xie Jinghuai Zhang Xu-sheng yang Ruizhi Wu Key Laboratory of Superlight Material and Surface Technology Ministry of Education College of Materials Science and Chemical EngineeringHarbin Engineering University State Key Laboratory of Ultra-Precision Machining Technology Department of Industrial and Systems Engineering The Hong Kong Polytechnic University Hong Kong Polytechnic University Shenzhen Research Institute

Low-alloyed magnesium(Mg) alloys have emerged as one of the most promising candidates for lightweight materials. However, their further application potential has been hampered by limitations such as low strength, poor plasticity at room temperature, and unsatisfactory formability. To address these challenges, grain refinement and grain structure control have been identified as crucial factors to achieving high performance in low-alloyed Mg alloys. An effective way for regulating grain structure is through grain boundary(GB) segregation. This review presents a comprehensive summary of the distribution criteria of segregated atoms and the effects of solute segregation on grain size and growth in Mg alloys. The analysis encompasses both single element segregation and multi-element co-segregation behavior, considering coherent interfaces and incoherent interfaces. Furthermore, we introduce the high mechanical performance low-alloyed wrought Mg alloys that utilize GB segregation and analyze the potential impact mechanisms through which GB segregation influences materials properties. Drawing upon these studies, we propose strategies for the design of high mechanical performance Mg alloys with desirable properties, including high strength, excellent ductility, and good formability, achieved through the implementation of GB segregation. The findings of this review contribute to advancing the understanding of grain boundary engineering in Mg alloys and provide valuable insights for future alloy design and optimization.

关键词： Magnesium alloys Grain boundary segregation High strength High plasticity High formability

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Significant annealing-induced hardening effect in nanolaminate d-nanotwinne d(CrCoNi)_(97.4)Al_(0.8)Ti_(1.8)me dium-entropy alloy by severe cold rolling

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2024年第3期170卷 156-166页

作者： Shuqing Yuan Hui Fu Lei Qian Chi Fai Cheung Xu-sheng yang State Key Laboratory of Ultra-precision Machining Technology Department of Industrial and Systems EngineeringThe Hong Kong Polytechnic UniversityHung HomKowloonHong KongChina Hong Kong Polytechnic University Shenzhen Research Institute Shenzhen 518060China

Due to the easy coarsening caused by poor thermal stability,the verified annealing-induced hardening in nanograined metals can only maintain at a relatively low-temperature *** this study,a nanolam-inated(CrCoNi)_(97.4)Al_(0.8)Ti_(1.8)medium-entropy alloy with an average lamellae thickness of∼20 nm embedded by thinner nanotwins was fabricated by severe cold rolling to achieve superior thermal *** with the conventional nanotwinned CrCoNi with nanotwins inside ultra-fined grains,the hier-archical nanolaminated-nanotwinned(CrCoNi)_(97.4)Al_(0.8)Ti_(1.8) exhibits a significant annealing-induced hard-ening effect,i.e.,hardness increasing from∼250 HV in the original specimen to∼500 HV in the cold-rolled status and finally∼630 HV after annealing at 600℃for 1 *** microstructure characterizations reveal that the reduced dislocation density and formation of L1_(2)ordered domain are mainly responsible for such hardening effect,which is facilitated by the effectively suppressed coarsening with annealing temperature,i.e.,slow detwinning process and well-retained low-angle nanolamellar *** coarsening mechanisms from the cold-rolled nanolamellae to the fully recrystallized micro-equiaxed structures under the annealing temperatures ranging from 400 to 800℃ were also elucidated by atomic observations.

关键词： Annealing-induced hardening Thermal stability Nanolaminated-nanotwinned structure CrCoNi Detwinning Grain boundary migration

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Semiannual oscillation,annual oscillation,quasibiennial oscillation,and solar cycle variation of the OH airglow emission in the mesopause region

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Earth and Planetary Physics 2024年第3期8卷 479-496页

作者： sheng-yang Gu Dong Wang YuSong Qin Liang Tang YaFei Wei XianKang Dou Electronic Information School Wuhan UniversityWuhan 430072China School of Optoelectronic Engineering Chongqing University of Posts and TelecommunicationsChongqing 400065China

The vertically integrated emission rate,centroid altitude,peak emission rate,and peak height of the hydroxyl(OH)airglow were calculated from Thermosphere Ionosphere Mesosphere Energetics and Dynamics(TIMED)/Sounding of the Atmosphere using Broadband Emission Radiometry(SABER)observations to study the seasonal and interannual variations in the intensity and location of the OH *** emission rate is inversely proportional to the height of the emission,with the semiannual oscillation dominating at low latitudes and the annual oscillation dominating at higher *** OH emission is modulated by the quasibiennial oscillation at the equator,and the quasibiennial oscillation signal is weak at other *** represented the vertical transport of atomic oxygen by using atomic oxygen concentrations obtained from a global atmospheric model,the Specified Dynamics Whole Atmosphere Community Climate Model with thermosphere and ionosphere eXtension *** with the amplitudes of the migrating diurnal tide(DW1)calculated from temperature data observed by TIMED/SABER,we found that both the vertical transport of atomic oxygen and DW1 amplitudes in the equatorial region exhibit semiannual oscillation and quasibiennial oscillation,which have a strong correlation with the variations in the amplitude and phase of semiannual oscillation and quasibiennial oscillation in OH *** is likely that the DW1 affects the vertical transport of atomic oxygen that is involved in the reaction to produce O3,thus affecting the OH *** analyzed the relationship between OH emission and solar activity by using the solar radio flux at 10.7 cm as a proxy for solar *** results showed that the OH emission is well correlated with solar activity,and the modulation of OH emission by solar activity has a significant latitudinal *** small correlation between emission height and solar activity indicates that solar activity modulates OH emission mainly thr

关键词： OH airglow semiannual oscillation quasibiennial oscillation solar activity diurnal tide

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Ground-layer Adaptive Optics for the 2.5 m Wide-field and High-resolution Solar Telescope

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Research in Astronomy and Astrophysics 2024年第3期24卷 224-236页

作者： Ying yang Lan-Qiang Zhang Nan-Fei Yan Jin-sheng yang Zhen Li Teng-Fei Song Xue-Jun Rao Chang-Hui Rao Key Laboratory on Adaptive Optics Chinese Academy of SciencesChengdu 610209China Institute of Optics and Electronics Chinese Academy of SciencesChengdu 610209China School of Electronic Electrical and Communication Engineering of the University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China School of Astronomy and Space Science Nanjing UniversityNanjing 210023China Key Laboratory of Modern A&A Ministry of EducationNanjing 210023China Yunnan Observatories Chinese Academy of SciencesKunming 650216.China

The 2.5 m wide-field and high-resolution solar telescope(WeHoST)is currently under developing for solar *** aims to achieve high-resolution observations over a super-wide field of view(FOV)of5′×5′,and a desired resolution of 0.3″.To meet the scientific requirements of WeHoST,the ground-layer adaptive optics(GLAO)with a specially designed wave front sensing system is as the primary *** introduce the GLAO configuration,particularly the wave front sensing *** analytic method,we simulate the performance of both classical AO and GLAO systems,optimize the wave front sensing system,and evaluate GLAO performance in terms of PSF uniformity and correction improvement across whole *** results indicate that,the classical AO will achieve diffraction-limited resolution;the suggested GLAO configuration will uniformly improve the seeing across the full 5′×5′FOV,reducing the FWHM across the axis FOV to less than0.3″(λ≥705 nm,r0≥11 cm),which is more than two times *** specially designed wave front sensor schedule offers new potential for WeHoST’s GLAO,particularly the multi-FOV GLAO and the flexibility to select the detected *** capabilities will significantly enhance the scientific output of the telescope.

关键词： instrumentation adaptive optics-instrumentation detectors-instrumentation high angular resolution-methods numerical-telescopes-Sun activity

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Clinical pathological characteristics of“crawling-type”gastric adenocarcinoma cancer:A case report

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology 2024年第4期16卷 1660-1667页

作者： Yong-Wei Xu Yan Song Jun Tian Ba-Cui Zhang Yu-sheng yang Jing Wang Department of Gastroenterology Songjiang HospitalSchool of MedicineShanghai Jiaotong UniversityShanghai 201600China Department of Pathology Songjiang HospitalSchool of MedicineShanghai Jiaotong UniversityShanghai 201600China

BACKGROUND Gastric cancer(GC)is a significant health problem worldwide,and early detection and accurate diagnosis are crucial for improving patient ***-type gastric adenocarcinoma is a rare subtype of GC that has unique histopathological and clinical characteristics,and its diagnosis and management can be *** pathological type of GC is also *** SUMMARY Here,we report the case of a patient who underwent ordinary endoscopy,na-rrow-band imaging,and endoscopic ultrasonography intending to determine the extent of tumor invasion and upper abdominal enhanced computed tomography and whether there was tumor ***,endoscopic submucosal dissection was *** pathological and immunohistochemical examination,the pathological diagnosis was crawling-type gastric *** is a very rare and special pathological type of *** case highlights the importance of using advanced endoscopic techniques and pathological examination in diagnosing and managing gastric crawling-type ***,the findings underscore the need for continued research and clinical experience in this rare subtype of GC to improve patient *** The“crawling-type”GC is a rare and specific tumor *** is difficult to identify and diagnose gliomas via *** tumor is ill-defined,with a flat appearance and indistinct borders due to the lack of contrast against the background *** revealed that the tumor cells were hand-like,so the patient has diagnosed with“crawling-type”gastric adenocarcinoma.

关键词： Clinicopathological Crawling-type gastric Pathology Gastric cancer Gastric adenocarcinoma cancer Case report

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Transition-Metal-Free Allylic Defluorination Cross-Electrophile Coupling Employing Rongalite

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Chinese Journal of Chemistry 2024年第12期42卷 1360-1366页

作者： Xiang-Long Chen Chun-Yan Wu Dong-sheng yang Bo-Cheng Tang Huai-Yu Wang Zhi-Cheng Yu Anling Li Yan-Dong Wu An-Xin Wu National Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide International Joint Research Center for Intelligent Biosensor Technology and HealthCollege of ChemistryCentral China Normal UniversityWuhanHubei 430079China state Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Drug Discovery Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology The HongKong Polytechnic UniversityKowloonHong Kong SARChina Department of Clinical Laboratory Center for Gene Diagnosisand Program of Clinical Laboratory MedicineZhongnan Hospital of Wuhan UniversityWuhanHubei 430062China

Comprehensive Summary The conversion of CF3-alkenes to gem-difluoroalkenes using reductive cross-coupling strategy has received much attention in recent years,however,the use of green and readily available reducing salt to mediate these reactions remains to be *** this work,a concise construction of gem-difluoroalkenes,which requires neither a catalyst nor a metal reducing agent,was ***,a safe and inexpensive industrial product,was employed as both a radical initiator and *** procedure was compatible with both linear and cyclic diaryliodonium salts,enabling a wide variety of substrates(>70 examples).The utility of this approach was demonstrated through gram-scale synthesis and efficient late-stage functionalizations of anti-inflammatory drugs.

关键词： Defluoroarylation Transition metal free gem-Difluoroalkenes Rongalite Single electron transfer C-C coupling Redox reactions Cross-coupling

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Dawn of CAR-T cell therapy in autoimmune diseases

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Chinese Medical Journal 2024年第10期137卷 1140-1150页

作者： Yuxin Liu Minghao Dong Yunhui Chu Luoqi Zhou Yunfan You Xiaowei Pang sheng yang Luyang Zhang Lian Chen Lifang Zhu Jun Xiao Wei Wang Chuan Qin Daishi Tian Department of Neurology Tongji HospitalTongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhanHubei 430030China Hubei Key Laboratory of Neural Injury and Functional Reconstruction Huazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhanHubei 430030China

Chimeric antigen receptor(CAR)-T cell therapy has achieved remarkable success in the treatment of hematological *** on the immunomodulatory capability of CAR-T cells,efforts have turned toward exploring their potential in treating autoimmune *** analysis of 210 records from 128 academic journals published by 372 institutions in 40 countries/regions indicates a growing number of publications on CAR-T therapy for autoimmune diseases,covering a range of subtypes such as systemic lupus erythematosus,multiple sclerosis,among ***-T therapy holds promise in mitigating several shortcomings,including the indiscriminate suppression of the immune system by traditional immunosuppressants,and non-sustaining therapeutic levels of monoclonal antibodies due to inherent pharmacokinetic *** persisting and proliferating in vivo,CAR-T cells can offer a tailored and precise *** paper reviewed preclinical experiments and clinical trials involving CAR-T and CAR-related therapies in various autoimmune diseases,incorporating innovations well-studied in the field of hematological tumors,aiming to explore a safe and effective therapeutic option for relapsed/refractory autoimmune diseases.

关键词： CAR-T cell therapy Autoimmune disease Immunotherapy Multiple sclerosis Neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder Systemic lupus erythematosus

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可持续发展目标的多尺度空间解构与评估

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自然资源学报 2024年第3期39卷 489-507页

作者：杨振山杨航杨林生葛全胜中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所北京100101 中国科学院大学资源与环境学院北京100049

评估与监测是推进可持续发展目标实现的重要环节,围绕可持续发展目标的理论研究和本土化方案设计已全面展开,但在相关评估与实践过程中对于目标约束、层级传递等方面的考量仍然不足。为此,从系统性和开放性的角度出发,建立了一套面向可... 详细信息

评估与监测是推进可持续发展目标实现的重要环节,围绕可持续发展目标的理论研究和本土化方案设计已全面展开,但在相关评估与实践过程中对于目标约束、层级传递等方面的考量仍然不足。为此,从系统性和开放性的角度出发,建立了一套面向可持续发展目标的多尺度空间解构与评估方案。结果表明:在国家和区域层面,生态安全、环境适宜、绿色发展等维度与可持续发展阶段性目标的差距在快速缩小,社会和谐维度虽然水平逐年提升,但距离目标仍存在一定差距,尤其是收入分配不均、城乡差异等问题较突出。针对差异化目标,多尺度协同推进是实现可持续发展目标的关键。该评估方案可为诊断可持续发展的区域问题、理解不同地区间和不同目标间的相互关系提供支撑,也有助于不同层级、不同参与主体在开放框架下积极参与可持续发展事业,系统地评估和监测可持续发展的目标实现进程。

关键词：可持续发展目标评估体系多尺度目标分解

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三区视角下长江中游城市群国土空间格局演化及驱动力分析

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长江流域资源与环境 2024年第7期33卷 1489-1503页

作者：魏超吴洲叶圣魏馨月杨剩富湖北大学公共管理学院湖北武汉430062 中国地质大学(武汉)公共管理学院湖北武汉430074 中国地质大学(武汉)经济管理学院湖北武汉430074 湖北大学湖北县域治理研究院湖北武汉430062

长江中游城市群是中国高质量发展的重要增长极,识别该区域不同经济发展梯度下国土空间格局演变的时空特征及驱动力,对于优化国土空间格局、推动区域协调发展具有重要意义。借助国土空间转移矩阵、标准差椭圆、核密度分析、空间计量模型... 详细信息

长江中游城市群是中国高质量发展的重要增长极,识别该区域不同经济发展梯度下国土空间格局演变的时空特征及驱动力,对于优化国土空间格局、推动区域协调发展具有重要意义。借助国土空间转移矩阵、标准差椭圆、核密度分析、空间计量模型等方法,揭示1990~2020年长江中游城市群不同经济发展阶段下国土空间格局演变特征及驱动机制。主要结论如下:(1)长江中游城市群国土空间类型主要占比从高到低依次为生态空间、农业空间、城镇空间;不同发展阶段下国土空间格局变化特征存在显著差异。(2)城镇-农业-生态空间互竞形成了“一增双减”的国土空间格局,且随着经济发展阶段的提升,不同国土空间类型间呈现出更加繁杂多样的转换模式,耕地、绿地也越容易流失。(3)城镇空间由主核数量较少且集聚特征不明显转变为多核扩散且高值区增加,重心变化较为剧烈;农业空间次核数量增加,高值区域明显减少,空间破碎化程度较高,重心变动较为稳定;生态空间的核密度由空间集中转变为空间破碎,西北地区变化较为明显。(4)国土空间格局形成受到自然、人口、经济等多重因素驱动,各因素对不同空间的影响程度及方向存在差异。应充分考虑长江中游城市群未来发展定位,加强国土空间分类管理,协调国土空间格局各驱动因素,以期为新时代长江中游城市群“三区”空间协调健康可持续发展提供理论依据和决策参考。

关键词：国土空间城镇-农业-生态空间格局演变驱动力长江中游城市群

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