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research in cold and Arid {2. 2009年第3期1卷 230-237页

作者： HongLang Xiao, Juan Ren, XinRong Li Key Laboratory of Ecohydrology and River Basin Science, shapotou desert {2. and experiment station, cold and Arid regions environmental and engineering {2. institute, chinese {{12. of sciences, lanzhou, Gansu 730000, china. Key Laboratory of Ecohydrology and River Basin Science Shapotou Desert Research and Experiment Station Cold and Arid Regions Environmental and Engineering Research Institute Chinese Academy of Sciences cold and Arid regions {2. and Engineeri

Soil-plant systems play an important role in sand fixing and surface protection in the arid desert of china. This study examines the ecohydrological responses after a soil-plant system change for mobile dune stabilization by using a series of soil hydrological {2.s and ecological investigation. The study results showed that decades of succession of soil-plant system has endangered the stability of the protection system. With the accumulated water and nutrient, a bio-logical system develops in a thinner and thinner surface soil. Redistribution of precipitation has changed completely in the ecosystem. In 3–15 mm of soil, a high capacity of crust water retention ultimately limits most rainfall from infiltrating below 10–2. cm deep. When that takes place, lower plants begin to compete for water with grasses and shrubs. A drought horizon forms in 2.–500 cm depth with shrub transpiration. Artificial shrubs with deep roots obtain hardly rainfall supply and are gradually eliminated from the protection system. All changes in water environment affect the structure and func-tion and stabilization of whole protection systems. It is necessary to establish a relatively stable water environment by managing the soil-plant system for constructing a sustainable protective system in arid desert.

关键词： drought layer ecohydrology soil-plant system water cycle

The ecohydrology of the soil-vegetation system restoration in arid zones: a review

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research in cold and Arid {2. 2009年第3期1卷 199-206页

作者： XinRong Li 1,2. ZhiShan Zhang 1,2. Lei Huang 1,2. LiChao Liu 1,2. XinPing Wang 1,2.1. shapotou desert {2. and experiment station, cold and Arid regions environmental and engineering {2. institute, chinese {{12. of sciences, lanzhou, Gansu 730000, china. 2. Laboratory of Stress Ecophysiology and Biotechnology, cold and Arid regions environmental and engineering {2. In-stitute, chinese {{12. of sciences, lanzhou, Gansu 730000, china. chinese Acad Sci Cold & Arid Reg Environm & Engn Res Inst Shapotou Desert Res & Expt Stn Lanzhou 730000 Gansu Peoples R China chinese Acad Sci Cold & Arid Reg Environm & Engn Res Inst Lab Stress Ecophysiol & Biotechnol Lanzhou 730000 Gansu Peoples R China

Arid zones, which cover approximately 40 percent of the earth’s land surface, support complicated and widely varied ecological systems. As such, arid zones are an important composition of the global terrestrial ecosystem, and water is the key and abiotic lim-ited factor in ecosystem-driven processes in these areas. Ecohydrology is a new cross discipline that provides, in an objective and comprehensive manner, novel ideas and approaches to the evaluation of the interaction and feedback mechanisms involved in the soil–vegetation systems in arid zones. In addition, ecohydrology provides a theoretical basis of ecological restoration that is cen-tered on vegetation construction. In this paper, long-term monitoring and local observations in the transitional belt between a de-sertified steppe and a steppified desert at the shapotou desert research and experiment station, Tengger desert, in northern china, were evaluated. The primary achievements and related research progress regarding ecohydrology in arid zones were analyzed and summarized, as a keystone, and the response of soil ecohydrological processes to the changes in the species composition, structure, and function of sandland vegetation was discussed. Meanwhile, the long-term ecological effects and mechanism of regulation of vegetation on soil habitat and on water-cycling were considered. As a vital participant in the ecohydrological processes of soil–vegetation systems, the studies on biological soil crusts was also summarized, and related theoretical models of restoration based on the water balance was reviewed.

关键词： vegetation regulation by soil moisture ecohydrology process biological soil crust ecological restoration of soil–vegetation systems

ECOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS AND ROLES OF AGRIOPHYLLUM SQUARROSUM,A PIONEER ANNUAL ON SAND DUNES IN HEXI CORRIDOR,china

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ECOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS AND ROLES OF AGRIOPHYLLUM SQUARRO...

SPATIAL-TEMPORAL VARIATIONS AND THE DRIVING FACTORS OF TAMARIX RAMOSISSIMA FOREST AT THE EDGE OF MINQIN OASIS IN NORTHWEST OF china

第三世界生态高峰会

作者： MA Q.L~(1,2. 1 Gansu key lab of comhating desertification,Gansu desert Control {2. institute,Wuwei 733000.Gansu province,china 2.shapotou desert {2. and experiment station.cold and Arid Regins environmental and {{12. {2. institute,chinese academy of sciences.lanzhou 730000,Gansu province,china

Agriophyllum squarrosum Moq,a therophyte of sandy soils,is considered as the best indicator of the beginning of community succession on shifting sand *** can dominate most of the shifting sand dunes,but its eco-charateristics and roles is known little,so t he experiment was conducted to understand the distribution and growth charateristics,ecological roles of such pioneer annual C4 grasses on shifting sand dunes in Hexi *** experiment was conducted at Minqin {2. Control Comprehensive experimental station（38°34′N,102.58′E）.The sampling method was adopted to investigated the distribution of on different land and *** plot size was 2.×2.,The plot number of each site was *** ten sampling plants were selected to observed modules and growth pattern of *** wind breaking and sand stabilizing of *** individual and *** community were observed by the portable wind velocity measuring *** results showed that spatial pattern of *** was clumped pattern under large and small scale at different habitats which were extremely unstable,that was,the surface substrate frequently shifts,the soil water-content was highly variable and the site did not permit the growth of any other plant *** of the elongation of its fine roots,*** were well adapted to dry sandy soil and able to penetrate deep soil layers containing *** biomass and the pod numbers increased under conditions where enough water was *** A,squarrosum had many branches which divaricating place was lower,strong mechanism intensity and strong root system to endure wind erosion in winter and spring seasons,so it could reduce wind velocity *** individual reduced wind velocity obviously,so sands carried by wind current to pileup and form the sandy *** curve of the sandy tongue to the physical volume of *** was conic that equation was y=0.0008x-0.2.17x+ 43.509（R=0.964）.Highest an

关键词： Agriophyllum squarrosum pioneer annual Hexi corridor ecological characteristics ecological role

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SPATIAL-TEMPORAL VARIATIONS AND THE DRIVING FACTORS OF TAMAR...

流沙固定过程中土壤-植被系统演变对水环境的影响

第三世界生态高峰会

作者： MA Q.L~(1,2. WANG J.H~2.1 shapotou desert {2. and experiment station,cold and Arid regions environmental and engineering {2. institute,chinese {{12. of sciences.lanzhou 730000.Gansu province,china 2.Gansu key lab of combating desertification,Gansu desert Control {2. institute.Wuwei 733000,Gansu province,china

Tamarix *** played an important role m improving and maintaining the eco-environmental quality of desert areas in west ***, *** Ledeb,distributing widely along the edge of Minqin oasis in lower reaches of Shi{2. river,had degraded seriously with the continual descent of groundwater level and decrease of surface water. Distribution,growth and driving forces of *** Forest were researched in lower reaches of Shi{2. river to provide the objective basis for restoration of the degraded *** forest and rebuildation the wind-breaking and Sand-fixation *** Shajingzi in Minqin county,the permanent monitoring sites were established in 1959 to research succession process of *** *** addition,plot method was adopted to investigated quantity,biomass and growth status of *** population and species coposition, soil moisture and community stucture of *** communities along the edge of oasis or edge of *** the recent 40 years,the *** forest at Shajingzi was taking a succession toward ar;*** succession process was:***+Kalidium foliatum Moq/Karelinia caspica,or ***+Elaeagnus angustifolia L,Populus euphratica Olivier or *** Carr→ ***+Reamuria soongorica Maxim→*** x+ Nitraria Tangutorum or ***+***+Haloxylon ammodendron(artificial)→Nitraria Tangutorum+therophytes or ***+***(artificial).Compared the T. ramosissima forest in 1959,1992.and 2.03,the belt width reduced from 500-1000m in 1959 to 30-75m in 2.03,and the average height of T. ramosissima descented from 2.0m in 1959 to 1.52. in ***, in the recent decade years,it degraded more seriously,the coverage rate of *** community decreased by 1.03%,and of total vegetation decreased by 11.9%.The annual plants in the communities obviously *** the edge of Minqin oasis,*** forest can be artificially classified i

关键词： Tamarix spatial-temporal variation drive factor

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土壤学报 2003年第6期40卷 809-814页

作者：肖洪浪李新荣段争虎李涛李守忠中国科学院寒区旱区环境与工程研究所沙坡头沙漠研究试验站兰州730000

横穿腾格里沙漠的防风固沙体系始建于 1 95 6年 ,确保了包兰铁路近半个世纪的畅通无阻。在几十年的土壤 -植被系统演变中 ,花棒 +柠条 +油蒿 -干旱砂质新成土的人工系统演变为油蒿 +雾冰藜 +小画眉草 -简育正常干旱土的半天然、天然系... 详细信息

横穿腾格里沙漠的防风固沙体系始建于 1 95 6年 ,确保了包兰铁路近半个世纪的畅通无阻。在几十年的土壤 -植被系统演变中 ,花棒 +柠条 +油蒿 -干旱砂质新成土的人工系统演变为油蒿 +雾冰藜 +小画眉草 -简育正常干旱土的半天然、天然系统 ;生物结皮发育、结皮层形成改变了降水的再分配过程 ;在 2.0～ 5 0 0cm深度的干旱层因灌木的排水作用而形成 ,低等植物也开始与草本和灌木竞争水分 ,深根系的灌木很难得到降水的补给 ,逐渐退出了防护体系 ;土壤 -植被系统趋于更薄的活动层。

关键词：流沙固定过程土壤-植被系统系统演变水环境影响因素

Soil restoration research advances of artificial sand-binding vegetation ecosystem in the Tengger desert, Northern {2.

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research in cold and Arid {2. 2010年第4期2卷 279-287页

作者： liwen yang LiChao Liu DaYong Wang YongQing Zhang College of Urban and environmental Science Shanxi Normal UniversityLinfenShanxi 041000China shapotou desert {2.al research station Cold and Arid Regions Environmental and Engineering Research InstituteChinese Academy of SciencesLanzhouGansu 730000China Shanxi Climate Center TaiyuanShanxi 030006China

Soil plays an important role in desert ecosystem, and is vital in constructing a steady desert ecosystem. The management and restoration of desertified land have been the focus of much discussion. The soil in shapotou desert region has developed remarkably since artificial sand-binding vegetation established in 1946. The longer the period of dune stabilization, the greater the thickness of microbiotic crusts and subsoil. Meanwhile, proportion of silt and clay increased significantly, and soil bulk density declinced. The content of soil organic matter, N, P, and K similarly increased. Therefore, soil has developed from aeolian sand soil to Calcic-Orthic aridisols. This paper discusses the effects brought about by dust, microbiotic soil crust and soil microbes on soil-forming process. Then, we analyzed the relation between soil formation and sand-binding vegetation evolution, in order to provide a baseline for both research on desert ecosystem recovery and ecological environment governance in arid and semi-arid areas.

关键词： shapotou desert region artificial sand-binding vegetation soil restoration physic-chemical properties

Soil Respiration of Biologically-Crusted Soils in Response to Simulated Precipitation Pulses in the Tengger desert, Northern china

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Pedosphere 2018年第1期28卷 103-113页

作者： LI Xiaojun ZHAO yang yang Haotian ZHANG Peng GAO Yongping shapotou desert {2. and experiment station Cold and Arid Regions Environmental and Engineering Research Institute Chinese Academy of Sciences

Soil respiration(SR) is a major process of carbon loss from dryland soils, and it is closely linked to precipitation which often occurs as a discrete episodic event. However, knowledge on the dynamic patterns of SR of biologically-crusted soils in response to precipitation pulses remains limited. In this study, we investigated CO_2.emissions from a moss-crusted soil(MCS) and a cyanobacterialichen-crusted soil(CLCS) after 2. 4, 8, 16, and 32.mm precipitation during the dry season in the Tengger desert, northern *** showed that 2.h after precipitation, the SR rates of both MCS and CLCS increased up to 18-fold compared with those before rewetting, and then gradually declined to background levels; the decrease was faster at lower precipitation amount and slower at higher precipitation amount. The peak and average SR rates over the first 2.h in MCS increased with increasing precipitation amount, but did not vary in CLCS. Total CO_2.emission during the experiment(72.h) ranged from 1.35 to 5.67 g C m-2.in MCS, and from 1.11 to3.19 g Cm^(-2. in CLCS. Peak and average SR rates, as well as total carbon loss, were greater in MCS than in CLCS. Soil respiration rates of both MCS and CLCS were logarithmically correlated with gravimetric soil water content. Comparisons of SR among different precipitation events, together with the analysis of long-term precipitation data, suggest that small-size precipitation events have the potential for large short-term carbon losses, and that biological soil crusts might significantly contribute to soil CO_2.emission in the water-limited desert ecosystem.

关键词： biological soil crusts C cycling CO2.emission desert ecosystem precipitation amount soil water content

Osmotic Adjustment of Soil Biocrust Mosses in Response to Desiccation Stress

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Pedosphere 2015年第3期25卷 459-467页

作者： ZHAO Xin SHI Yong LIU yang JIA Rong-Liang LI Xin-Rong Key Laboratory of Stress Physiology and Ecology shapotou desert {2. and experiment station Cold and Arid Regions Environmental and Engineering Research InstituteChinese Academy of Sciences

Biological soil crusts(biocrusts) widely occur in semiarid and arid regions throughout the world and play important roles in many desert ecosystems: protecting soil from wind erosion and detaining nutrient-rich dust and organic carbon. An {2. was conducted in the shapotou revegetated area of the Tengger desert, Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region of china to investigate the physiological responses of the dominant biocrust mosses, Bryum argenteum and Didymodon vinealis, to desiccant stress using different osmotic adjustments. B. argenteum and D. vinealis accumulated K+, total soluble sugar, sucrose, trehalose, proline, and glycine betaine during desiccation. The proline content of B. argenteum was about two times higher than that of D. vinealis. The K+and glycine betaine contents in B. argenteum were slightly higher than those in D. vinealis. In contrast, the total soluble sugar, sucrose,and trehalose contents in D. vinealis were about 3 to 5 times higher than those in B. argenteum. With gradual desiccation stress,the Na+content of B. argenteum was low and did not significantly change. On the contrary, the Na+content of D. vinealis sharply increased and reached a very high level of about 10 to 18 times higher than that of B. argenteum, indicating that B. argenteum and D. vinealis gradually adapted to desiccation stress by osmotic substances accumulation to different degrees.

关键词： biological soil crusts Bryum argenteum compatible solute Didymodon vinealis drought stress

Soil water repellency and influencing factors of Nitraria tangutorun nebkhas at different succession stages

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Journal of Arid Land 2014年第3期6卷 300-310页

作者： HaoTian yang XinRong LI LiChao LIU YanHong GAO Gang LI RongLiang JIA shapotou desert {2. and experiment station Cold and Arid Regions Environmental and Engineering Research InstituteChinese Academy of Sciences

Abstract： Soil water repellency （WR） is an important physical characteristic of soil surface. It is capable of largely influencing the hydrological and geomorphological processes of soil, as well as affecting the ecological processes of plants, such as growth and seed germination, and has thus been a hot topic in recent research around the world. In this paper, the capillary rise method was used to study the soil WR characteristics of Nitraria tangutorun nebkhas. Soil water repellencies at different succession stages of Nitraria tangutorun were investigated, and the relationships between soil WR and soil organic matter, total N, and total P, soil texture, pH, and concentrations of CO32. HCO3-, CI, SO42., Na~, K~, Ca2. and Mg2. were discussed. Soil WR may be demonstrated at the following nebkhas dune evolvement stages： extremely degraded〉degraded〉stabilized〉well developed〉newly developed〉quick sand. Apart from some soil at the bottom, the WR of other soils （crest and slope of dune） was found to be largest at the topsoil, and decreased as the soil depth increased. The results showed that multiple factors affected soil WR characteristics e.g. WR increased significantly as the contents of soil organic matter and total N increased, but did not change as the total P content increased. Soil texture was a key factor affecting soil WR; soil WR increased significantly as clay content increased, and decreased significantly as sand content increased. Low pH was shown to be more suitable for the occurrence of soil WR. Four cations （Ca2., Mg2., K＋ and Na＋） and two anions （CI and SO42. enhanced soil WR, while CO32.decreased it. HCO3- did not show any observable effect. Finally, we established a best-fit general linear model （GLM） between soil-air-water contact angle （CA） and influencing factors （CA=5.606 sand＋6.496 （clay and silt）-2.353 pH＋470.089 CQ2.11.346 Na＋-407.707 Cl--14.2.5 SO42.＋0.734 total N-519.52. ）. It was concluded that all soils contain subcritical WR （0°〈CA〈90°）. Th

关键词： hydrophobicity soil-air-water contact angle capillary rise method Nitraria tangutorun nebkhas vegetation succession stage