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Progress on early diagnosing Alzheimer’s disease

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Frontiers of Medicine 2024年第3期18卷 446-464页

作者： Yixin chen Murad Al-Nusaif Song Li xiang Tan Huijia yang Huaibin Cai Weidong Le Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory for Research on the Pathogenic Mechanisms of Neurological Diseases The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical UniversityDalian116021China Transgenic Section Laboratory of NeurogeneticsNational Institute on AgingNational Institutes of HealthBethesdaMD20892USA Institute of Neurology Sichuan Provincial People’s HospitalUniversity of Electronic Science and Technology of ChinaChinese Academy of Sciences Sichuan Translational Medicine Research HospitalChengdu610072China

Alzheimer’s disease(AD)is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder that affects both cognition and non-cognition *** disease follows a continuum,starting with preclinical stages,progressing to mild cognitive and behavioral impairment,ultimately leading to *** detection of AD is crucial for better diagnosis and more effective ***,the current AD diagnostic tests of biomarkers using cerebrospinal fluid and/or brain imaging are invasive or expensive,and mostly are still not able to detect early disease ***,there is an urgent need to develop new diagnostic techniques with higher sensitivity and specificity during the preclinical stages of *** non-cognitive manifestations,including behavioral abnormalities,sleep disturbances,sensory dysfunctions,and physical changes,have been observed in the preclinical AD stage before occurrence of notable cognitive *** research advances have identified several biofluid biomarkers as early indicators of *** review focuses on these non-cognitive changes and newly discovered biomarkers in AD,specifically addressing the preclinical stages of the ***,it is of importance to explore the potential for developing a predictive system or network to forecast disease onset and progression at the early stage of AD.

关键词： Alzheimer’s disease early diagnosis non-cognitive symptoms biomarkers

Microstructure and mechanical properties of a cast TRIP-assisted multiphase stainless steel

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China Foundry 2024年第3期21卷 221-228页

作者： Meng-xin Wang Zi-xiang Wu Jing-yu He xiang chen School of Materials Science and Engineering Tsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials Processing Technology Ministry of EducationBeijing 100084China

Stainless steels are used in a wide range of complex environments due to their excellent corrosion *** stainless steels can offer an excellent combination of strength,toughness and corrosion resistance due to the coexistence of different *** microstructure and mechanical properties of a novel cast multiphase stainless steel,composed of martensite,ferrite,and austenite,were investigated following appropriate heat treatment processes:solution treatment at 1,050℃ for 0.5 h followed by water quenching to room temperature,and aging treatment at 500℃ for 4 h followed by water quenching to room *** show reversed austenite is formed by diffusion of Ni element during aging process,and the enrichment of Ni atoms directly determines the mechanical stability of *** austenite with a lower Ni content undergoes a martensitic transformation during plastic *** tensile strength of the specimen exceeds 1,100 MPa and the elongation exceeds 24%after solid solution,and further increases to 1,247 MPa and 25%after aging *** enhancement is due to the TRIP effect of austenite and the precipitation of the nanoscale G-phase pinning dislocations in ferrite and martensite.

关键词： multiphase stainless steel mechanical properties TRIP effect reversed austenite G-phase

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Linear shallow neural network to accelerate transmitter dispersion eye closure quaternary(TDECQ) assessment

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Science China(Information Sciences) 2024年第4期67卷 337-338页

作者： Junjiang xiang Zejun chen Yijun chenG Hailin yang Xuancheng HUO Meng xiang Gai ZHOU Yuwen QIN Songnian FU Institute of Advanced Photonics Technology School of Information EngineeringGuangdong University of Technology School of Optical and Electronic Information Huazhong University of Science and Technology Key Laboratory of Photonic Technology for Integrated Sensing and Communication Ministry of Education of ChinaGuangdong University of Technology Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Information Photonics Technology Guangdong University of Technology

To support the ever-emerging capacity requirement of datacenter interconnection(DCI) applications, transmitter dispersion eye closure quaternary(TDECQ) has been proposed by IEEE802.3 standard [1], which is specifically employed for the four-level pulse amplitude modulation(PAM-4) signals. However, the traditional scheme of TDECQ assessment needs several iterative operations,

关键词： IEEE Standards

The mechanism and treatment strategies of GSDMD-mediated pyroptosis in myocardial infarction

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Acupuncture and Herbal Medicine 2024年第3期4卷 295-305页

作者： Yujuan Li Yaozu xiang Jiayi Liang yang chen Shanghai Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology and Brain Functional Modulation School of Life Sciences and TechnologyShanghai Fourth People’s HospitalTongji UniversityShanghaiChina Medical College of Optometry and Ophthalmology Shandong University of Traditional Chinese MedicineJinanChina Affiliated Eye Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine JinanChina Shandong Academy of Eye Disease Prevention and Therapy Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine for Prevention and Therapy of Ocular DiseasesJinanChina

Acute myocardial infarction(MI)is associated with high morbidity and mortality and poses a significant challenge to human *** advances in medicine,effective treatment options for MI are still associated with adverse outcomes,such as heart ***,identifying the pathogenesis of MI is a promising avenue for developing practical *** inflammatory response plays a critical role in the pathogenesis of *** D(GSDMD)-mediated pyroptosis regulates the inflammatory response,which is a pathogenic and potential therapeutic target for ***,anti-pyroptosis treatment is emerging as a promising therapeutic approach for ***,this article reviews the mechanism and treatment strategies for GSDMD-mediated pyroptosis in MI,with the hope of providing insights into pathogenic interventions.

关键词： GSDMD inhibitors Myocardial infarction Pyroptosis Traditional Chinese medicine

Reynolds-number scaling analysis on lift generation of a flapping and passive rotating wing with an inhomogeneous mass distribution

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Chinese Journal of Aeronautics 2024年第2期37卷 259-269页

作者： Suyang QIN Haotian HANG yang xiang Hong LIU J.C.Wu center for aerodynamics school of aeronautics and astronauticsshanghai jiao tong universityshanghai 200240china

Insects usually fly by passively rotating wings,which has been applied to the design of flapping-wing Micro-Air Vehicles(MAVs)to reduce mechanical *** this paper,a robotic passive rotating-wing model is designed to investigate wing kinematics and lift generation,which are measured by a high-speed camera and a force transducer,*** addition,flow fields are measured using the Particle Image Velocimetry(PIV).Experimental results demonstrate that passive rotating motion has a coordinative relationship with actively stroking *** the stroke amplitude or frequency increases,the rotating amplitude is *** characterize the active stroking motion,a driving Reynolds number Redrivingis defined,which varies from 68 to 366 in this *** the gravity center of the wing towards trailing ed ge induces the increase of additional torque M,which decreases the wing rotating amplitude and promotes the advance of wing *** find that the timing of wing rotation is gradually delayed and the mean lift coefficient C^(-)_(L)monotonously decreases as *** increasing the additional torque M,C^(-)_(L)is slightly improved and approaches to the lift coefficient of a real fruit fly at driving Re approximately equal to *** instantaneous lifts combined with the vortical structures further demonstrate that the lift generation associated with wing rotation is mainly attributed to the growth of the LeadingEdge Vortex(LEV)and the passive wake capture *** wake capture is influenced by LEV,reversal stroke motion and wing additional torque together,which can only maintain the lift at a high level for a considerable *** high-lift generation mechanisms of flapping and passive rotating flight could shed light on the simplified design of MAVs and the improvement of their aerodynamic performance.

关键词： Flapping flight Unsteady lift Passive rotation Vortex flow Leading-edge vortex

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Bioinspired nanotransducers for neuromodulation

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Nano Research 2024年第2期17卷 618-632页

作者： Fan yang xiang Wu Sa Cai Guosong Hong Department of Materials Science and Engineering Stanford UniversityStanfordCA 94305USA Wu Tsai Neurosciences Institute Stanford UniversityStanfordCA 94305USA School of Science Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-sen UniversityShenzhen 518107China

The field of neuromodulation has experienced significant advancements in the past decade,owing to breakthroughs in disciplines such as materials science,genetics,bioengineering,photonics,and *** convergence of these fields has resulted in the development of nanotransducers,devices that harness the synergies of these diverse *** nanotransducers,essential for neuromodulation,often draw inspiration from energy conversion processes found in nature for their unique *** this review,we will delve into the latest advancements in wireless neuromodulation facilitated by optical,magnetic,and mechanical *** will examine their working principles,properties,advantages,and limitations in comparison to current methods for deep brain neuromodulation,highlighting the impact of natural systems on their design and ***,we will underscore potential future directions,emphasizing how continued progress in materials science,neuroscience,and bioengineering might expand the horizons of what is achievable with nanotransducer-enabled neuromodulation.

关键词： bioinspired synthesis neuromodulation mechanoluminescence focused ultrasound nanotransducers sono-optogenetics

Brillouin Klein space and half-turn space in three-dimensional acoustic crystals

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Science Bulletin 2024年第13期69卷 2050-2058页

作者： Zhenxiao Zhu Linyun yang Jien Wu Yan Meng xiang Xi Bei Yan Jingming chen Jiuyang Lu Xueqin Huang Weiyin Deng Ce Shang Perry Ping Shum Yihao yang Hongsheng chen Kexin xiang Gui-Geng Liu Zhengyou Liu Zhen Gao State Key Laboratory of Optical Fiber and Cable Manufacture Technology Department of Electronic and Electrical EngineeringSouthern University of Science and TechnologyShenzhen 518055China School of Physics and Optoelectronics South China University of TechnologyGuangzhou 510640China Key Laboratory of Artificial Micro-and Nanostructures of Ministry of Education and School of Physics and Technology Wuhan UniversityWuhan 430072China King Abdullah University of Science and Technology(KAUST) Physical Science and Engineering Division(PSE)Thuwal 23955-6900Saudi Arabia Interdisciplinary Center for Quantum Information State Key Laboratory of Modern Optical InstrumentationZJU-Hangzhou Global Science and Technology Innovation CenterCollege of Information Science and Electronic EngineeringZJU-UIUC InstituteZhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310027China Division of Physics and Applied Physics School of Physical and Mathematical SciencesNanyang Technological UniversitySingapore 637371Singapore Institute for Advanced Studies Wuhan UniversityWuhan 430072China

The Bloch band theory and Brillouin zone(BZ)that characterize wave-like behaviors in periodic mediums are two cornerstones of contemporary physics,ranging from condensed matter to topological *** theoretical breakthrough revealed that,under the projective symmetry algebra enforced by artificial gauge fields,the usual two-dimensional(2D)BZ(orientable Brillouin two-torus)can be fundamentally modified to a non-orientable Brillouin Klein bottle with radically distinct manifold ***,the physical consequence of artificial gauge fields on the more general three-dimensional(3D)BZ(orientable Brillouin three-torus)was so far ***,we theoretically discovered and experimentally observed that the fundamental domain and topology of the usual 3D BZ can be reduced to a non-orientable Brillouin Klein space or an orientable Brillouin half-turn space in a 3D acoustic crystal with artificial gauge *** experimentally identify peculiar 3D momentum-space non-symmorphic screw rotation and glide reflection symmetries in the measured band ***,we experimentally demonstrate a novel stacked weak Klein bottle insulator featuring a nonzero Z2 topological invariant and self-collimated topological surface states at two opposite surfaces related by a nonlocal twist,radically distinct from all previous 3D topological *** discovery not only fundamentally modifies the fundamental domain and topology of 3D BZ,but also opens the door towards a wealth of previously overlooked momentum-space multidimensional manifold topologies and novel gaugesymmetry-enriched topological physics and robust acoustic wave manipulations beyond the existing paradigms.

关键词： Momentum-space non-symmorphic symmetry Brillouin Klein space and half-turn space Acoustic Klein bottle insulator Self-collimated topological surface states

Growth and inhibition of zinc anode dendrites in Zn-air batteries:Model and experiment

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Chinese Journal of Chemical Engineering 2024年第3期67卷 268-281页

作者： Cuiping He Qingyi Gou Yanqing Hou Jianguo Wang xiang You Ni yang Lin Tian Gang Xie Yuanliang chen Kunming University of Science and Technology State Key Laboratory of Complex Nonferrous Metal Resources Clean UtilizationKunming 650093China Kunming University of Science and Technology Faculty of Metallurgical and Energy EngineeringKunming 650093China China Copper Co.Ltd KunmingYunnan 650051China State Key Laboratory of Advanced Metallurgy for Non-ferrous Metals Kunming 650051China Sichuan Shunying Power Battery Materials Co.Ltd Sichuan 620076China

Zinc(Zn)-air batteries are widely used in secondary battery research owing to their high theoretical energy density,good electrochemical reversibility,stable discharge performance,and low cost of the anode active material ***,the Zn anode also leads to many challenges,including dendrite growth,deformation,and hydrogen precipitation *** this context,Zn dendrite growth has a greater impact on the cycle *** this dissertation,a dendrite growth model for a Zn-air battery was established based on electrochemical phase field theory,and the effects of the charging time,anisotropy strength,and electrolyte temperature on the morphology and growth height of Zn dendrites were studied.A series of experiments was designed with different gradient influencing factors in subsequent experiments to verify the theoretical simulations,including elevated electrolyte temperatures,flowing electrolytes,and pulsed *** simulation results show that the growth of Zn dendrites is controlled mainly by diffusion and mass transfer processes,whereas the electrolyte temperature,flow rate,and interfacial energy anisotropy intensity are the main *** experimental results show that an optimal electrolyte temperature of 343.15 K,an optimal electrolyte flow rate of 40 ml·min^(-1),and an effective pulse charging mode.

关键词： Zn-air battery Zinc anode Zinc dendrite Simulated dendrite growth Inhibit dendrite growth Phase-field model

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Preparation and properties of poly(ethylene glycol)-bpoly( 3-acrylamidophenylboronic acid) glucose responsive particles and their hyaluronic acid-based microneedle patches

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Journal of Zhejiang University-Science A(Applied Physics & Engineering) 2024年第5期25卷 395-410页

作者： Yichuan HONG Haojie YU Li WANG xiang chen Di SHEN Yu WANG Shuning REN Yudi HUANG Jian yang State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering College of Chemical and Biological EngineeringZhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310058China Zhejiang-Russia Joint Laboratory of Photo-Electro-Magnetic Functional Materials College of Chemical and Biological EngineeringZhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310058China

To overcome the pain and risk of hypoglycemia in insulin administration,glucose-responsive microneedles have been developed by researchers,which could release insulin according to the blood glucose *** designed a kind of particles by a reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer(RAFT)method containing a phenylboronic acid group as the sensor of glucose and carrier of ***(ethylene glycol)(PEG)-2-(dodecylthio(thiocarbonyl)thio)-2-methylpropionic acid(DDMAT)was synthesized as a macromolecular RAFT agent,which was then reacted with 3-acrylamidophenylboronic acid(AAPBA)to synthesize the block copolymer ***-responsive particles loaded with insulin were prepared by self-assembly based on hydrophilic-hydrophobic *** patches loaded with glucose-responsive particles were prepared using hyaluronic acid as the *** insulin release behavior of the particles in glucose solutions of 0,100,and 400 mg/dL showed significant glucose responsiveness and good *** results of blood glucose control experiments in rats indicate that a single microneedle patch can effectively maintain normal blood glucose for over 7 h.

关键词： Diabetes Hyaluronic acid Phenylboronic acid(PBA) Glucose responsive hydrogel Microneedles