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Microbes in mass extinction: an accomplice or a savior?

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National Science Review 2024年第1期11卷 12-15页

作者： Genming Luo Deng Liu hao yang State Key Laboratory of Geobiology and Environmental Geology China University of Geosciences (Wuhan)

Microbes include various types of organisms that are invisible to the naked eye,e.g. bacteria, archaea and microeukaryotes. Although the precise number remains largely unknown, microbes are recognized as the unseen majority of our biosphere [1]. As a group of organisms classified by body size, microbes cover a considerable spectrum of metabolisms,

关键词： AFTERMATH

Preparation of Self-limiting Heating Cables with Excellent Processability, Mechanical Properties and PTC Effect via Thermal and Electrical Treatments

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Chinese Journal of Polymer Science 2024年第4期42卷 511-520页

作者： Tian-hao yang Tong Wu Qiang Fu State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering College of Polymer Science and EngineeringSichuan UniversityChengdu610065China State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering Polymer Research Institute of Sichuan UniversityChengdu610065China

Polymer/conductive filler composites have been widely used for the preparation of self-limiting heating cables with the positive temperature coefficient (PTC) effect. The control of conductive filler distribution and network in polymer matrix is the most critical for performance of PTC materials. In order to compensate for the destruction of the filler network structure caused by strong shearing during processing, an excessive conductive filler content is usually added into the polymer matrix, which in turn sacrifices its processability and mechanical properties. In this work, a facile post-treatment of the as-extruded cable, including thermal and electrical treatment to produce high-density polyethylene (HDPE)/carbon black (CB) cable with excellent PTC effect, is developed. It is found for the as-extruded sample, the strong shearing makes the CB particles disperse uniformly in HDPE matrix, and 25 wt% CB is needed for the formation of conductive paths. For the thermal-treated sample, a gradually aggregated CB filler structure is observed, which leads to the improvement of PTC effect and the notable reduction of CB content to 20 wt%. It is very interesting to see that for the sample with combined thermal and electrical treatment, CB particles are agglomerated and oriented along the electric field direction to create substantial conductive paths, which leads to a further decrease of CB content down to 15 wt%. In this way, self-limiting heating cables with excellent processability, mechanical properties and PTC effect have simultaneously been achieved.

关键词： Self-limiting heating cables Positive temperature coefficient Thermal treatment Electrical treatment

Noncovalent cross-linked engineering hydrogel with low hysteresis and high sensitivity for flexible self-powered electronics

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2024年第7期94卷 136-147页

作者： Hang Yuan Shaowei Han Jia Wei Songwei Li Peipei yang hao-yang Mi Chuntai Liu Changyu Shen National Engineering Research Center for Advanced Polymer Processing Technology Key Laboratory of Materials Processing and Mold(Ministry of Education)Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhou450002HenanChina Yunnan TobaccoQuality Inspection&Supervision Station Kunming 650106YunnanChina

In this study,the hydrogel network was reinforced by covalent-like hydrogen bonding,and the strong binding ability of boron-nitrogen coordination served as the main driving *** them,acrylamide(AM)and 3-acrylamidophenylboronic acid(AAPBA)were the main body,and the numerous hydroxyl groups in the trehalose(Treh)molecule and other polymer groups formed strong hydrogen bonding interactions to improve the mechanical properties of the PAM/PAAPBA/Treh(PAAT)hydrogel and ensured the simplicity of the synthesis *** hydrogel possessed high strain at break(1239%),stress(64.7 kPa),low hysteresis(100%to 500%strain,corresponding to dissipation energy from 1.37 to 7.80 kJ/m^(3)),and outstanding cycling stability(retained more than 90%of maximum stress after 200 ten-sile cycles).By integrating carbon nanotubes(CNTs)into PAAT hydrogel(PAATC),the PAATC hydrogel with excellent strain response performance was successfully *** PAATC conductive hydro-gel exhibited high sensitivity(gauge factor(GF)=10.58 and sensitivity(S)=0.304 kPa^(-1)),wide strain response range(0.5%-1000%),fast response time(450 ms),and short recovery time(350 ms),excellent fatigue resistance,and strain response ***,the PAATC-based triboelectric nanogener-ator(TENG)displayed outstanding energy harvesting performance,which shows its potential for appli-cation in self-powered electronic devices.

关键词： Low hysteresis Covalent-like hydrogen bonding Boron-nitrogen coordination Hydrogel sensor Triboelectric nanogenerator

Uncertainty and sensitivity analysis of in-vessel phenomena under severe accident mitigation strategy based on ISAA-SAUP program

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Nuclear Science and Techniques 2024年第1期35卷 108-123页

作者： hao yang Ji-Shen Li Zhi-Ran Zhang Bin Zhang Jian-Qiang Shan School of Nuclear Science and Technology Xi’an Jiaotong UniversityXi’an 710049China State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering Xi’an Jiaotong UniversityXi’an 710049China

The phenomenology involved in severe accidents in nuclear reactors is highly ***,integrated analysis programs used for severe accident analysis heavily rely on custom empirical parameters,which introduce considerable ***,in recent years,the field of severe accidents has shifted its focus toward applying uncertainty analysis methods to quantify uncertainty in safety assessment programs,known as“best estimate plus uncertainty(BEPU).”This approach aids in enhancing our comprehension of these programs and their further development and *** study concentrates on a third-generation pressurized water reactor equipped with advanced active and passive mitigation *** an Integrated Severe Accident Analysis Program(ISAA),numerical modeling and uncertainty analysis were conducted on severe accidents resulting from large break loss of coolant *** uncertainty parameters of the ISAA program were meticulously *** Wilks'formula,the developed uncertainty program code,SAUP,was employed to carry out Latin hypercube sampling,while ISAA was employed to execute batch *** analysis was then conducted on two figures of merit,namely hydrogen generation and the release of fission products within the pressure *** calculations revealed that hydrogen production and the fraction of fission product released exhibited a normal distribution,ranging from 182.784 to 330.664 kg and from 15.6 to 84.3%,*** ratio of hydrogen production to reactor thermal power fell within the range of 0.0578–0.105.A sensitivity analysis was performed for uncertain input parameters,revealing significant correlations between the failure temperature of the cladding oxide layer,maximum melt flow rate,size of the particulate debris,and porosity of the debris with both hydrogen generation and the release of fission products.

关键词： Gen-III PWR Severe accident mitigation Wilks’formula Hydrogen Fission products Uncertainty and sensitivity analysis

Time evolutions of scalar field perturbation in Schwarzschild de-Sitter black hole from Einstein-scalar–Gauss–Bonnet theory

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Communications in Theoretical Physics 2024年第1期76卷 76-81页

作者： Cheng Xu Zhen-hao yang Xiao-Mei Kuang Rui-Hong Yue Center for Gravitation and Cosmology College of Physical Science and TechnologyYangzhou UniversityYangzhou225009China

The scalar-free black hole could be unstable against the scalar field perturbation when it is coupled to a Gauss–Bonnet(GB)invariant in a special *** is known that the tachyonic instability in this scenario is triggered by the sufficiently strong GB *** this paper,we focus on the time domain analysis of massive scalar field perturbation around the Schwarzschild de-Sitter black hole in Einstein-scalar–Gauss–Bonnet *** analyzing the scalar field propagation,we find that the scalar field will finally grow when the GB coupling is large *** could lead to the instability of the background black ***,we demonstrate how the mass of the scalar field and the GB coupling strength affect the onset of tachyonic instability.

关键词： black hole perturbation scalar-Einstein-Gauss-Bonnet gravity time domain evolution me

Hydrogen Bonds in Perovskite for Efficient and Stable Photovoltaic

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Chinese Journal of Chemistry 2024年第11期42卷 1284-1306页

作者： Tian-yun Wang yang-yang hao Ming-zhe Zhu Guo-rui Cao Zhong-min Zhou College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering Qingdao University of Science and TechnologyQingdaoShandong266042 China College of Chemical Engineering Qingdao University of Science and TechnologyQingdaoShandong266042 China

Owing to their distinctive optical and physical properties,organic-inorganic hybrid perovskite materials have gained significant attention in the field of electronic devices,especially solar *** achievement of high-performance solar cells hinges upon the utilization of top-notch perovskite thin ***,the fabrication process involving solutions and the polycrystalline nature of perovskite result in the emergence of numerous defects within the perovskite films,consequently exerting a deleterious influence on the overall performance and stability of the *** the performance and stability of perovskite solar cells by additive engineering to suppress/passivate defects is a viable approach,which involves hydrogen bond interactions in these device engineering *** review explores the intrinsic hydrogen bonds in methylammonium and formamidium lead triiodide,while also considering cation rotations,phase transitions,and ***,the review classifies additives into distinct categories,including organic small molecules,polymers,nanodots,classical salts,ionic liquids,and molten *** various forms and characterization techniques of hydrogen bonds are discussed,as well as their potential synergistic effects in conjunction with other chemical ***,this review offers insights into the potential utilization of hydrogen bonds to further enhance the performance and stability of devices.

关键词： Perovskite solar cells Hydrogen bond Additive Performance Stability Charge transfer Inhibition Cooperative effects

Evolutionary game dynamics of combining two different aspiration-driven update rules in structured populations

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Chinese Physics B 2024年第5期33卷 182-191页

作者：杨智昊杨彦龙 Mathematics and Statistics School Guizhou UniversityGuiyang 550025China

In evolutionary games,most studies on finite populations have focused on a single updating ***,given the differences in individual cognition,individuals may change their strategies according to different updating *** this reason,we consider two different aspiration-driven updating mechanisms in structured populations:satisfied-stay unsatisfied shift(SSUS)and satisfied-cooperate unsatisfied defect(SCUD).To simulate the game player’s learning process,this paper improves the particle swarm optimization algorithm,which will be used to simulate the game player’s strategy selection,i.e.,population particle swarm optimization(PPSO)*** find that in the prisoner’s dilemma,the conditions that SSUS facilitates the evolution of cooperation do not enable cooperation to *** contrast,SCUD conditions that promote the evolution of cooperation enable cooperation to *** addition,the invasion of SCUD individuals helps promote cooperation among SSUS *** by the PPSO algorithm,the theoretical approximation results are found to be consistent with the trend of change in the simulation results.

关键词： evolutionary game dynamics aspiration-driven update structured populations

Eco-friendly polysaccharide coatings for antifouling and dragreduction and potential application for marine devices

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Friction 2024年第4期12卷 726-744页

作者： hao yang Liguo QIN Wenhui Zhao Fagla Jules MAWIGNON Hui GUO Yongkang WU Yali ZHANG Guangneng DONG Key Laboratory of Education Ministry for Modern Design and Rotor-Bearing System Institute of Design Science and Basic ComponentsSchool of Mechanical EngineeringXi’an Jiaotong UniversityXi’an 710049China Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information of Ministry of Education School of Life Science and TechnologyXi’an Jiaotong UniversityXi’an 710049China Department of Endocrinology First Affiliated Hospital of Medical CollegeXi'an Jiaotong UniversityXi’an 710061China

Traditional antifouling agents usually have a certain toxic effect on marine environments and non-target *** this study,Dictyophora indusiata polysaccharide(DIP)was applied as a natural antifouling surface modifier to prepare the surface coating for marine *** DIP coatings were prepared:*** spore polysaccharide(DISP),*** volva polysaccharide(DIVP),and *** embryonic body polysaccharide(DIEP).The antifouling,tribological,and anticorrosion behavior of the coatings were *** revealed that the three kinds of DIP coatings had excellent antifouling properties,which could effectively prevent the adhesion of Chlorella and the attachment of water-based and oily stains on the ***,the coatings showed great mechanical stability and could maintain an extremely low coefficient of friction(COF<0.05)after continuous *** drag reduction rate of the coated surfaces reached 5%,showing a powerful lubrication ***,the DIP coatings presented an outstanding corrosion resistance,where the equivalent circuit impedances were 4-9 orders of magnitude higher than the control *** research showed a promising prospect of surface coating fabrication with DIP for marine devices to achieve the purpose of antifouling and drag reduction.

关键词： Dictyophora indusiata polysaccharide(DIP)coating antifouling anticorrosion lubrication and drag reduction

Fermi level tuning in Sn_(1-x)Pb_(x)Te/Pb heterostructure via changing interface roughness

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Science China(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2024年第8期67卷 118-125页

作者： Tengteng Liu Zhaoxia Yi Bangjin Xie Weiyan Zheng Dandan Guan Shiyong Wang hao Zheng Canhua Liu hao yang Yaoyi Li Jinfeng Jia Key Laboratory of Artificial Structures and Quantum Control(Ministry of Education) Tsung-Dao Lee InstituteSchool of Physics and AstronomyShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240China Shanghai Research Center for Quantum Sciences Shanghai 201315China Hefei National Laboratory Hefei 230088China

Superconducting SnTe-type topological crystalline insulators(TCIs)are predicted to host multiple Majorana zero modes(MZMs)which can coexist in a single *** level(FL)close to the Dirac points of topological surface states is helpful for detecting ***,the TCI SnTe is a heavily p-type semiconductor which is very difficult to modify to n-type via doping or *** this work,we fabricate the atomically flat Sn_(1-x)Pb_(x)Te/Pb heterostructure by molecular beam epitaxy,and make the p-type Sn_(1-x)Pb_(x)Te become n-type through changing the interface *** scanning tunnelling microscope,we find the Dirac points of Sn_(1-x)Pb_(x)Te/Pb heterostructure are always above the FL due to the Fermi level pinning(FLP)induced by topological surface states at atomically flat *** increasing the interface roughness,the FLP effect is suppressed and then the Dirac points of p-type Sn_(1-x)Pb_(x)Te can be tuned very close to or even below the *** work provides a new method for tuning the FL of SnTe-type TCI which has potential application in novel topological superconductor device.

关键词： topological crystalline insulator superconductor heterostructure Fermi level pinning interface roughness