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Effects of dietary inclusion with rapeseed cake containing high glucosinolates on nitrogen metabolism and urine nitrous oxide emissions in steers

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Animal Nutrition 2022年第1期8卷 204-215页

作者： Jian Gao Bingbing Cheng yanfeng sun Yuchao Zhao Guangyong Zhao State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition College of Animal Science and TechnologyChina Agricultural UniversityBeijing 100193China

Two consecutive trials were conducted to investigate the effects of glucosinolates(GLS)in rapeseed cake(RSC)on nitrogen(N)metabolism and urine nitrous oxide(N_(2)O)emissions in steers.In trial 1,8 steers and 4 levels of RSC,i.e.0,2.7%,5.4%and 8.0%dry matter(DM)(0,6.0,12.1,18.1 mmol GLS/g DM)were allocated in a replicated 4×4 Latin square.In trial 2,the static incubation technique was used for measuring the N_(2)O emissions of the urine samples collected from trial 1.The results of trial 1 indicated that dietary inclusion of RSC decreased the digested N and increased the fecal N excretion(P0.10).Dietary inclusion of RSC decreased the urinary excretion of urea while it increased allantoin,total purine derivatives,the predicted rumen microbial N flow and thiocyanate(SCN)(P<0.05).Dietary inclusion of RSC did not affect the plasma triiodothyronine and thyroxine while it down-regulated the plasma relative concentrations of 4-aminohippuric acid,3a,7a-dihydroxycoprostanic acid,phosphatidylserine(14:0/16:0),6b-hydroxyprogesterone,pyrrhoxanthinol,tatridin B,mandelonitrile rutinoside,taraxacoside(P<0.05),and up-regulated hypoglycin B,neuromedin N(1-4),dhurrin,5-deoxykievitone(P<0.01).The results of trial 2 indicated that dietary RSC increased the steer urine N_(2)OeN fluxes,the ratio of N_(2)OeN to N application and the estimated steer urine N_(2)OeN emissions(P<0.01).A close correlation was found between the estimated steer urine N_(2)OeN emissions and the output of urinary SCN(P<0.001).In conclusion,dietary RSC increased the fecal N excretion,whereas it did not affect the urinary N excretion and the N retention rate in steers.Dietary RSC increased rather than decreased the urine N_(2)OeN emissions even though it decreased the urinary excretion of urea.The SCN excreted in urine could be the major factor in increasing the urine N_(2)OeN emissions.Whether other metabolites excreted into urine from RSC have an impact on the urine N_(2

关键词： Cattle Glucosinolates Nitrogen metabolism Nitrous oxide Rapeseed cake

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Research progress of protein haze in white wines

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Food Science and Human Wellness 2023年第5期12卷 1427-1438页

作者： Zhaolong Liu Le Xu Jun Wang Changqing Duan yanfeng sun Qingsen Kong Fei He Center for Viticulture and Enology College of Food Science&Nutritional EngineeringChina Agricultural UniversityBeijing 100083China Key Laboratory of Viticulture and Enology Ministry of Agriculture and Rural AffairsBeijing 100083China College of Agriculture Liaocheng UniversityLiaocheng 252000China Ji’an Ginseng Featuer Industry Development Center Ji’an 134200China Ji’an Yajiang Valley Winery Co. Ltd.Ji’an 134202China

Protein haze was one of the main causes of the instability of white wines. Proteins that caused haze or precipitation in white wines mainly came from grape fruits, and their compositions and contents were affected by many factors such as fruit diseases, harvesting methods and water stress. Unstable wine proteins were usually pathogenesis-related(PR)proteins of grapes, mainly chitinases and thaumatin-like proteins(TLPs), which had lower isoelectric point(pI)and smaller molecular weight, and were highly resistant to the low pH values of wines and the protease hydrolysis during fermentation. At present, the technology of protein stabilization and clarification in white wines mainly included bentonite fining, heat treatment, enzymatic hydrolysis, polysaccharide treatment and ultrafiltration methods. Among them, the most commonly used method was bentonite treatment. In this paper, the research progresses of the origin, mechanism and influencing factors of the unstable proteins in white wines were summarized, and the applications, advantages and disadvantages of various clarification techniques were also concluded, in order to provide some support for the theoretical and technological research of the protein stability in white wines in the future.

关键词： White wine Protein Haze Bentonite Stabilization

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Physiological but not morphological adjustments along latitudinal gradients in a human commensal species,the Eurasian tree sparrow

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Integrative Zoology 2023年第5期18卷 891-905页

作者： Qian ZHANG Mo LI Yuan YIN Shiyong GE Danjie LI Ibrahim M.AHMAD Ghulam NABI yanfeng sun Xu LUO Dongming LI Hebei Key Laboratory of Animal Physiology Biochemistry and Molecular BiologyCollege of Life SciencesHebei Normal UniversityShijiazhuangChina Key Laboratory for ConservingWildlife with Small Populations in Yunnan Faculty of Biodiversity and ConservationSouthwest Forestry UniversityKunmingChina Ocean College Hebei Agricultural UniversityQinhuangdaoChina Hebei Collaborative Innovation Center for Eco-Environment Hebei Normal UniversityShijiazhuangChina

Human commensal species take advantage of anthropogenic conditions that are less likely to be challenged by the selective pressures of natural environments.Their morphological and physiological phenotypes can therefore dissociate from habitat characteristics.Understanding how these species adjust their morphological and physiological traits across latitudinal gradients is fundamental to uncovering the eco-physiological strategies underlying coping mechanisms.Here,we studied morphological traits in breeding Eurasian tree sparrows(ETSs;Passer montanus)among low-latitude(Yunnan and Hunan)and middle-latitude(Hebei)localities in China.We then compared body mass;lengths of bill,tarsometatarsus,wing,total body,and tail feather;and baseline and capture stress-induced levels of plasma corticosterone(CORT)and the metabolites including glucose(Glu),total triglyceride(TG),free fatty acid(FFA),total protein,and uric acid(UA).None of the measured morphological parameters varied with latitude except in the Hunan population,which demonstrated longer bills than those in other populations.Stress-induced CORT levels significantly exceeded baseline levels and decreased with increasing latitude,but total integrated CORT levels did not vary with latitude.Capture stress-induced significantly increased Glu levels and decreased TG levels,independent of site.However,the Hunan population had significantly higher baseline CORT,baseline and stress-induced FFA levels,but lower UA levels,which differed from other populations.Our results suggest that rather than morphological adjustments,physiological adjustments are mainly involved in coping mechanisms for middle-latitude adaptation in ETSs.It is worth investigating whether other avian species also exhibit such dissociation from external morphological designs while depending on physiological adjustments.

关键词： capture stress corticosterone human commensal species latitudinal gradients plasma metabolites

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基于节点采样的子结构代表层次池化图卷积网络模型

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北京工业大学学报 2024年第6期50卷 693-701页

作者：胡永利李鸥宵孙艳丰北京工业大学信息学部北京100124 北京工业大学多媒体与智能软件技术北京市重点实验室北京100124

为解决目前基于节点采样的图池化方法中所存在的评估节点重要性的策略过于简单以及子结构特征信息大量丢失等问题,提出了基于节点采样的子结构代表层次池化模型(sub-structure representative hierarchical pooling model based on node... 详细信息

为解决目前基于节点采样的图池化方法中所存在的评估节点重要性的策略过于简单以及子结构特征信息大量丢失等问题,提出了基于节点采样的子结构代表层次池化模型(sub-structure representative hierarchical pooling model based on node sampling,SsrPool)。该模型主要包括子结构代表节点选择模块和子结构代表节点特征生成模块2个部分。首先,子结构代表节点选择模块同时考虑了节点特征信息以及结构信息,利用不同方法评估节点重要性并通过不同重要性分数协作产生鲁棒的节点排名以指导节点选择。其次,子结构代表节点特征生成模块通过特征融合保留局部子结构特征信息。通过将SsrPool与现有神经网络相结合,在不同规模公共数据集上的图分类实验结果证明了SsrPool的有效性。

关键词：图神经网络图池化节点重要性图分类层次化模型图卷积神经网络

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吴江长三角生态绿色一体化发展示范区生态型河道建设探讨

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水资源开发与管理 2024年第6期10卷 25-30页

作者：孙燕丰扬州大学江苏扬州225009 苏州市吴江区水务局江苏苏州215200

建设生态型河道是保障水安全,改善水生态,实现人水和谐的新时期治水目标。本文对吴江长三角生态绿色一体化发展示范区生态型河道进行实地调研,分析存在的问题,提出了生态型河道建设的措施,指出了建设意义,并以大龙荡生态治理为研究重点... 详细信息

建设生态型河道是保障水安全,改善水生态,实现人水和谐的新时期治水目标。本文对吴江长三角生态绿色一体化发展示范区生态型河道进行实地调研,分析存在的问题,提出了生态型河道建设的措施,指出了建设意义,并以大龙荡生态治理为研究重点,提出了高位推进、统一规划、长效管护和宣传引导等对策,助力全域生态型河道建设,为推动示范区建设增添绿色动能。

关键词：示范区生态绿色水环境

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Cell-derived extracellular matrix-coated silk fibroin scaffold for cardiogenesis of brown adipose stem cells through modulation of TGF-β pathway

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Regenerative Biomaterials 2020年第4期7卷 403-412页

作者： Wei Liu yanfeng sun Xiaohui Dong Qi Yin Huimin Zhu Siwei Li Jin Zhou Changyong Wang School of Life Science and Technology Harbin Institute of Technology92 West Dazhi StreetNan Gang DistrictHarbin 150080P.R.China Tissue Engineering Research Center Academy of Military Medical Sciences27 Taiping RoadBeijing 100850P.R.China Department of Neural Engineering and Biological Interdisciplinary Studies Institute of Military Cognition and Brain SciencesAcademy of Military Medical Sciences27 Taiping RoadBeijing 100850P.R.China Pediatric Clinical CancerThe Armed Police General Hospital69 Yongding RoadBeijing 100080P.R.China

The cell-derived extracellular matrix(ECM)-modified scaffolds have advantages of mimic tissue specificity and been thought to better mimic the native cellular microenvironment in vitro.ECM derived from cardiac fibroblasts(CFs)are considered as key elements that provide a natural cell growth microenvironment and change the fate of cardiomyocytes(CMs).Here,a new hybrid scaffold is designed based on silk fibroin(SF)scaffold and CFs-derived ECM.CFs were seeded on the SF scaffold for 10days culturing and decellularized to produce CFs-derived ECM-coated SF scaffold.The results showed that the cell-derived ECM-modified silk fibroin scaffold material contained collagen,laminin,fibronectin and other ECM components with myocardial-like properties.Further to explore its effects on brown adipose stem cells(BASCs)differentiation into CMs.We found that the CFderived ECM-coated scaffold also increased the expression of CM-specific proteins(e.***.cardiac troponin T and α-actinin)of BASCs.Notably,the b1-integrin-dependent transforming growth factor-β1 signaling pathway was also involved in the regulation of CF-derived ECM by promoting the differentiation of BASCs into CMs.Overall,these findings provide insights into the bionic manufacturing of engineered cardiac tissues(ECTs)and establish a theoretical basis for the construction of ECTs.

关键词： cell-derived extracellular matrix cardiac fibroblasts brown adipose stem cells silk fibroin scaffolds

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A phylogeny of the Passerida(Aves: Passeriformes)based on mitochondrial 12S ribosomal RNA gene

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Chinese Birds 2015年第1期6卷 22-29页

作者： Lina Wu yanfeng sun Juyong Li Yaqing Li Yuefeng Wu Dongming Li Key Laboratory of Animal Physiology Biochemistry and Molecular Biology of Hebei Province College of Life Science Hebei Normal University Department of Biology and Chemistry Xingtai University Ocean College of Hebei Agricultural University Shijiazhuang Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Science

Background: Passerida is the largest avian radiation within the order Passeriformes. Current understanding of the high-level relationships within Passerida is based on DNA–DNA hybridizations; however, the phylogenetic relationships within this assemblage have been the subject of many debates.Methods: We analyzed the 12 S ribosomal RNA gene from 49 species of Passerida, representing 14 currently recognized families, to outline the phylogenetic relationships within this group.Results: Our results identified the monophyly of the three superfamilies in Passerida: Sylvioidea, Muscicapoidea and Passeroidea. However, current delimitation of some species is at variance with our phylogeny estimate. First, the Parus major, which had been placed as a distinct clade sister to Sylvioidea was identified as a member of the super family;second, the genus Regulus was united with the Sturnidae and nested in the Muscicapoidea clade instead of being a clade of Passerida.Conclusion: Our results were consistent with Johansson's study of the three superfamilies except for the al ocation of two families, Paridae and Regulidae.

关键词： Phylogeny Passerida Mitochondrial 12S ribosomal RNA gene

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The role of climate factors in geographic variation in body mass and wing length in a passerine bird

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Chinese Birds 2017年第1期8卷 3-11页

作者： yanfeng sun Mo Li Gang Song Fumin Lei Dongming Li Yuefeng Wu Key Laboratory of Animal Physiology Biochemistry and Molecular Biology of Hebei Province College of Life Sciences Hebei Normal University Ocean College Hebei Agricultural University Key Laboratory of Zoological Systematics and Evolution Institute of Zoology Chinese Academy of Sciences

Background: Geographic variation in body size is assumed to reflect adaptation to local environmental conditions. Although Bergmann's rule is usually sufficient to explain such variation in homeotherms, some exceptions have been documented. The relationship between altitude, latitude and body size, has been well documented for some vertebrate taxa during the past decades. However, relatively little information is available on the effects of climate variables on body size in birds.Methods: We collected the data of 267 adult Eurasian Tree Sparrow(Passer montanus) specimens sampled at 48 localities in China's mainland, and further investigated the relationships between two response variables, body mass and wing length, as well as a suit of explanatory variables, i.e. altitude, latitude, mean annual temperature(MAT), annual precipitation(PRC), annual sunshine hours(sun), average annual wind speed(WS), air pressure(AP) and relative humidity(RH).Results: Our study showed that(1) although the sexes did not differ significantly in body mass, males had longer wings than females;(2) body mass and wing length were positively correlated with altitude but not with latitude;(3) body mass and wing length were negatively correlated with AP and RH, but not significantly correlated with WS. Body mass was positively correlated with sun and inversely correlated with MAT. Wing length was not correlated with MAT in either sex, but was positively correlated with sun and negatively correlated with PRC in male sparrows;(4) variation in body mass could be best explained by AP and sun, whereas variation in wing length could be explained by RH and AP in both sexes. In addition, variation in male sparrows can be explained by sun, WS and PRC but not in females.Conclusions: Two different proxies of body size, body mass and wing length, correlated with same geographic factors and different climate factors. These differences may reflect selection for heat conservation in the case of body mass, and for efficient flight in the case of wing length.

关键词： Body mass Wing length Altitude Latitude Climate factor Eurasian Tree Sparrow

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Coping with extremes:convergences of habitat use,territoriality,and diet in summer but divergences in winter between two sympatric snow finches on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau

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Integrative Zoology 2020年第6期15卷 533-543页

作者： Dongming LI Jason E.DAVIS yanfeng sun Gang WANG Ghulam NABI John C.WINGFIELD Fumin LEI Key Laboratory of Animal Physiology Biochemistry and Molecular Biology of Hebei ProvinceCollege of Life SciencesHebei Normal UniversityShijiazhuangHebei ProvinceChina Key Laboratory of Zoological Systematics and Evolution Institute of ZoologyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina Department of Neurobiology Physiology and BehaviorUniversity of CaliforniaDavisCaliforniaUSA Department of Biology Radford UniversityRadfordVirginiaUSA Ocean College Hebei Agricultural UniversityQinhuangdaoHebei ProvinceChina University of Chinese Academy of Sciences BeijingChina Center for Excellence in Animal Evolution and Genetics Chinese Academy of SciencesKunmingChina

On the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau,extreme environmental conditions have imposed intense selective pressure on the evolution of phenotypic traits of wild animals.To date,limited information is available on behavioral and ecological traits concerning niche differentiation among sympatric animals on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau,especially during winter when the environments are most severe.Here,we studied the seasonal variations in habitat occurrence,territorial behavior,and diet in two sympatric snow finches(the white-rumped snow finch,Onychostruthus taczanowskii,WRSF;and the rufous-necked snow finch,Pyrgilauda ruficollis,RNSF)to determine convergence and divergence of ecological traits in such severe climatic conditions.Our results showed that:(i)WRSF occupied rural areas as a dominant species throughout the annual cycle while RNSF occupied the rural areas in summer and then shifted to human-occupied areas in winter and spring;(ii)WRSFs exhibited robust aggressive behavior and territoriality during winter relative to RNSFs;(iii)the diets of both species varied with the season but did not vary between species except that WRSF ate significantly more seeds but RNSF consumed more starchy material derived from human food waste during winter.Therefore,the separations in the spatial niche and territoriality between WRSF and RNSF,especially in winter,may contribute to alleviating the pressure of interspecific competition,and promoting the coexistence of the two sympatric snow finches in the extreme environments on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau.

关键词： diet habitat use Qinghai-Tibet Plateau snow finch territorial behavior

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Can the“10-year fishing ban”rescue biodiversity of the Yangtze River?

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The Innovation 2022年第3期3卷 9-10页

作者： Haijun Wang Puze Wang Chi Xu yanfeng sun Lei Shi Long Zhou Erik Jeppesen Jun Chen Ping Xie Institute for Ecological Research and Pollution Control of Plateau Lakes School of Ecology and Environmental ScienceYunnan UniversityKunming 650504China School of Life Sciences Nanjing UniversityNanjing 210033China Department of Bioscience Aarhus UniversitySilkeborg 8600Denmark Sino-Danish Centre for Education and Research Beijing 100039China Department of Biological Sciences Middle East Technical UniversityAnkara 06800Turkey Donghu Experimental Station of Lake Ecosystems State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and BiotechnologyInstitute of HydrobiologyChinese Academy of SciencesWuhan 430072China

Rivers and their lakes are among the world’smost important ecosystems supporting high biodiversity and providing various services through connections with vast landscapes.Reconciling exploitation with sustainability remains one of the world’s greatest challenges tomaintain and/or recover the health of river ecosystems and hence their biodiversity and ecosystem services.1 As one of the major national initiatives toward building“ecological civilization”and an extensive protection of the Yangtze River in China,a“10-year fishing ban”plan(TYFB)was launched from January 2021.

关键词： Yangtze landscape maintain

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