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Effect of urbanization on the winter precipitation distribution in Beijing area

Science China Earth Sciences 2009年第2期52卷 250-256页

作者： WANG XiQuan WANG ZiFa qi yanbin GUO Hu Nansen-Zhu International Research Center Institute of Atmospheric PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100029China Jilin Province Weather Modification Offices Changchun 130062China Beijing Meteorological Bureau Beijing 100089China

According to the urbanization extent of Beijing area, and with 1980 as a turning point, the duration from 1961 to 2000 is divided into two periods: one is defined as the slow urbanization period from 1961 to 1980, and other one as the fast urbanization period from 1981 to 2000. Based on the 40-year’s precipi-tation data of 14 standard weather stations in Beijing area, the effect of urbanization on precipitation distribution is studied. It is found that there has been a noticeable and systematic change of winter precipitation distribution pattern between these two periods in Beijing area: in the slow urbanization period, the precipitation in the southern part of Beijing is more than that in the northern part; but in the fast urbanization period, the precipitation distribution pattern is reverse, i.e. the precipitation in the southern part is less than that in the northern part; But in other seasons, the precipitation distribution pattern did not change remarkably in general. The possible cause resulting in the change of winter precipitation distribution pattern, might be that with urban area extension, the effects of "urban heat island" and "urban dry island" become more and more intensified, and increase hydrometeors evapo-ration below precipitable cloud, and then cause less precipitation received on the ground surface in the downtown and the southern part. It is also noteworthy to further research why the precipitation distri-bution pattern does not change systematically in other seasons except winter after intense urbaniza-tion in Beijing area.

关键词： urbanization urban precipitation urban heat island urban dry island Beijing area

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On the Mechanism of a Terrain-Influenced Snow Burst Event during Midwinter in Northeast China

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Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2021年第5期38卷 800-816页

作者： Na LI Baofeng JIAO Lingkun RAN Xinyong SHEN yanbin qi Institute of Atmospheric Physics Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100029China Key Laboratory of Meteorological Disaster Ministry of Education/Joint International Research Laboratory of Climate and Environment Change/Collaborative Innovation Center on Forecast and Evaluation of Meteorological DisastersNanjing University of Information Science and TechnologyNanjing 210044China Jilin Weather Modification Office Changchun 130062China

Short-duration snow bursts with heavy snow represent one type of hazardous weather in winter which can be easily missed by the winter weather warnings but often results in great *** this paper,the mechanism for the occurrence of such events was investigated with the aid of a localized terrain-influenced snow burst event in Northeast *** snow burst was produced by an eastward-moving cold-frontal snowband which encountered the downstream complex terrain of the Changbai Mountains and *** ascertain the role of orography on the snow burst,numerical experiments,together with a parallel sensitivity experiment removing Changbai Mountains,were performed to attempt to distinguish the contributions of cold-frontal system and orographic effects to produce the heavy *** showed that without the influence of Changbai Mountains,the release of conditional instability(CI)and inertial instability(II)within a weak frontogenetical environment was responsible for the snowband *** effects played important roles in enhancing the snowband and increasing the snowfall *** enhancement mechanism was related to the interactions of the cold-frontal snowband and the *** the one hand,orographic frontogenesis and persistent ascent,created by orographic gravity waves over the terrain,greatly enhanced the orographic *** intensification of the lifting promoted the release of CI and thus enhanced the *** the other hand,pre-existing orographic instabilities were released due to the passing of the cold-frontal snowband,which could also serve to intensify the snowband over terrain and thus increase the snowfall.

关键词： terrain-influenced snow burst snowband instability lifting

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Steering structural mesoporosity and working microenvironment of Fe-N-C catalysts for boosting cathodic mass transport of zinc-air batteries

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Science China Chemistry 2022年第8期65卷 1670-1678页

作者： Hang Shen Yanyan Jia yanbin qi Sheng Dai Hongliang Jiang Yihua Zhu Chunzhong Li Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Hierarchical Nanomaterials School of Materials Science and EngineeringEast China University of Science and TechnologyShanghai 200237China Key Laboratory for Ultrafine Materials of Ministry of Education School of Chemical EngineeringEast China University of Science and TechnologyShanghai 200237China Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials and Feringa Nobel Prize Scientist Joint Research Center Institute of Fine ChemicalsSchool of Chemistry&Molecular EngineeringEast China University of Science and TechnologyShanghai 200237China

Transition metal-N-C materials have considerably been demonstrated as promising catalysts for cathodic oxygen reduction reaction(ORR)in Zn-air *** efforts mainly focus on tailoring coordination structure and identifying active sites of metal-N-C materials for ORR,while the mass transport of metal-N-C employed in catalytic layers of working electrodes is seldom ***,a Fe-N-C single-atom catalyst featuring high mesoporosity and abundant electrochemically accessible active sites is developed through post-loading Fe species into defective N-doped carbon *** Fe-N-C single-atom catalyst serving as the air cathode of Zn-air battery delivers a peak power density of 189.9 mW cm^(−2),significantly larger than 114.2 mW cm^(−2) of commercial Pt/C and 162.9 mW cm^(−2) of the Fe-N-C contrast catalyst with low *** importantly,through adding hydrophobic polytetrafluoroethylene(PTFE)nanoparticles in the catalytic layer of air cathode,the peak power density of Fe-N-C single-atom catalyst is further increased to 212.3 mW cm^(−2).The increased peak power density is attributed to the enhancement of O_(2) mass transport,as evidenced by a substantially decreased diffusion layer thickness that is obtained from electrochemical impedance spectroscopy.

关键词： electrocatalysis oxygen reduction reaction single-atom catalyst mass transport Zn-air batteries

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Redirecting dynamic structural evolution of nickel-contained RuO_(2) catalyst during electrochemical oxygen evolution reaction

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2022年第6期31卷 330-337,I0009页

作者： Yuhan Zhao Menghua Xi yanbin qi Xuedi Sheng Pengfei Tian Yihua Zhu Xiaoling Yang Chunzhong Li Hongliang Jiang Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Hierarchical Nanomaterials School of Materials Science and EngineeringEast China University of Science and TechnologyShanghai 200237China Key Laboratory for Ultrafine Materials of Ministry of Education School of Chemical EngineeringEast China University of Science and TechnologyShanghai 200237China School of Mechanical and Power Engineering East China University of Science and TechnologyShanghai 200237China

Electrochemical oxygen evolution reaction (OER) is a main efficiency bottleneck of water *** ruthenium oxide (RuO_(2)) catalyst displays remarkable activities but poor stability for *** instability stems from lattice oxygen oxidation,resulting in the oxidation of Ru^(4+) to soluble Ru^(4+)(x>4) ***,we redirect dynamic structural evolution of Ru-based catalysts through introducing oxidized nickel (Ni) *** virtue of comprehensive structural characterizations,such as high-angle annular dark-field scanning transmission electron microscopy (HAADF-STEM),X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS),operando Raman and so forth,it is demonstrated that when the atomic content of Ni exceeds that of ruthenium (Ru),the Ni components can efficiently inhibit the Ru^(4+) oxidation and structural *** functional theory (DFT) calculations suggest that the introduction of Ni component hinders the formation of oxygen vacancies,and makes lattice oxygen mediated mechanism turn to adsorbate evolution mechanism,which eventually improves the *** optimized nickel-contained RuO_(2) catalyst delivers an effective reactivity with an overpotential of less than 215 m V to attain 10 m A cm^(-2) and remarkable stability with only 5 mV increment after 5000 potential *** work provides insights into the origin of dynamic structural evolution of transition-metalmodified RuO_(2) electrocatalysts.

关键词： Oxygen evolution reaction Ruthenium Structure evolution Electrocatalysis Operando Raman

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Trigger mechanism of a snow burst event in Northeast China

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Atmospheric and Oceanic Science Letters 2021年第2期14卷 13-20页

作者： Baofeng Jiao Lingkun Ran Xinyong Shen yanbin qi Key Laboratory of Meteorological Disaster Ministry of Education/Joint International Research Laboratory of Climate and Environment Change/Collaborative Innovation Center on Forecast and Evaluation of Meteorological DisastersNanjing University of Information Science and TechnologyNanjingChina Institute of Atmospheric Physics Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory(Zhuhai) ZhuhaiChina Jilin Weather Modification Office ChangchunChina

A snow burst event characterized by brief heavy snowfall affected Northeast China and caused serious social impact on 26 January 2017,with the snowband generally aligned with a northeast–southwest-oriented cold *** reanalysis data were used to diagnose the possible trigger *** showed there were two stages:(a)an initial stage far away from the Changbai Mountains,and(b)an enhancement stage under the influence of high *** the initial stage,the coupling of low-level frontogenesis and a favorable convergence pattern caused strong upward motion,contributing to the release of *** the snowband approached the high terrain during the enhancement stage,the various instabilities were triggered by the low-level frontogenesis,terrain circulation,and strong wind shear associated with the low-level ***,a modified Q-vector divergence including generalized potential temperature was calculated to diagnose the vertical *** showed that the frontogenesis terms contributed greatly to the negative Q-vector divergence along the moist isentropes,while the pseudo-vorticity terms played a role in the regions with strong wind shear associated with the low-level jet in the warm section,suggesting both were important in stimulating the ascending *** regions with negative Q-vector divergence had a close relationship with the vertical structure of convection,indicating the potential to track the development of the snowband in the next few hours.

关键词： Snow burst Frontogenesis Q-vector

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Construction of the All-region Linkage System for Emergency Management of Agricultural Product Quality and Safety in West China

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Asian Agricultural Research 2013年第11期5卷 53-54,62页

作者： Hua YU yanbin qi Yubao YAN Sichuan Agricultural University Sichuan Entry-Exit Inspection and Quarantine Bureau

Quality and safety of agricultural products are significant for national socioeconomic development,sustainable development,and vital interests of *** safeguard quality and safety of agricultural products in west China is to safeguard economic safety and ecological safety of the country,public health and social stability,of which an important task is to properly handle emergencies concerning quality and safety of agricultural *** actual conditions of west China,suggestions are given to construct the all-region linkage system for emergency management of agricultural product quality and safety in the local area,enhance the all-region linkage,and improve the linkage efficiency.

关键词： Agricultural products Quality safety Emergency man

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村级债务现状、成因及化解思路

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农业经济问题 2007年第6期28卷 44-48页

作者：漆雁斌四川农业大学经济管理学院雅安625014

本文以对分布在全国30个省(区、市)的223个样本村的调查和对20个村进行的深度访谈为基础,认为村级债务仍然沉重且整体呈增加趋势。村级债务形成的原因主要有自上而下的治理机制、以追求经济增长为中心的导向机制和公共财政很少覆盖农村... 详细信息

本文以对分布在全国30个省(区、市)的223个样本村的调查和对20个村进行的深度访谈为基础,认为村级债务仍然沉重且整体呈增加趋势。村级债务形成的原因主要有自上而下的治理机制、以追求经济增长为中心的导向机制和公共财政很少覆盖农村等原因。化解村级债务的整体思路是政府支持、地方为主,明确责任、分类处理,改革体制、严防新债。

关键词：村级债务现状成因化解

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名山茶叶企业分销渠道建设与对策探讨

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安徽农业科学 2007年第2期35卷 586-587,590页

作者：漆雁斌四川农业大学经济管理学院四川雅安625014

阐述了茶叶企业的营销渠道状况,分析了名山茶叶企业在分销渠道上存在的问题和成因,提出了改进和完善名山茶叶企业渠道建设的意见和建议。

关键词：茶叶企业分销渠道销售终端

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城镇化发展对粮食生产技术效率的影响研究——基于我国13个粮食主产区的面板数据

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中国农业资源与区划 2019年第3期40卷 101-110页

作者：何悦漆雁斌四川农业大学经济学院长江师范学院财经学院

[目的]以我国13个粮食主产区为研究对象,分析城镇化发展对粮食生产技术效率的影响,为促进城镇化与粮食生产的协调发展提出对策建议。[方法]基于2003—2014年粮食主产区面板数据,利用DEA模型测度粮食生产技术效率,通过面板Tobit模型分析... 详细信息

[目的]以我国13个粮食主产区为研究对象,分析城镇化发展对粮食生产技术效率的影响,为促进城镇化与粮食生产的协调发展提出对策建议。[方法]基于2003—2014年粮食主产区面板数据,利用DEA模型测度粮食生产技术效率,通过面板Tobit模型分析城镇化发展对粮食生产技术效率的影响。[结果]我国各主产区粮食生产技术效率存在差异性,"完全有效型"的省份只有吉林、内蒙古和黑龙江,其他省份在纯技术效率或规模效率并未达到最优状态;人口城镇化发展对粮食生产技术效率呈现"倒U型"的影响关系;土地城镇化发展对粮食生产技术效率有反向影响;经济城镇化有利于促进技术效率的提升,而城镇居民收入水平的提高,种植结构的变化,对粮食生产又有负向影响;城镇化进程中工业废水的排放不利于技术效率的提高。[结论]粮食安全是我国的重要议题,而城镇化进程中农村劳动力外流、耕地面积锐减、资源环境压力可能对粮食生产和粮食安全产生重要影响,针对性制定相应政策促进城镇化和粮食生产协调发展。

关键词：粮食生产技术效率城镇化粮食主产区 DEA-Tobit

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农户过量施肥风险认知及环境友好型技术采纳行为的影响因素分析——基于四川省380个柑橘种植户的调查

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中国农业资源与区划 2020年第5期41卷 8-15页

作者：何悦漆雁斌长江师范学院财经学院四川农业大学经济学院

[目的]化肥过量使用造成的污染,已成为制约我国农业和农村可持续发展的重要因素,如何科学合理施肥,提高化肥利用效率已成为我国急需解决的问题。[方法]文章利用四川省12个区县380户柑橘种植户的实地调研数据,运用双变量Probit模型分析... 详细信息

[目的]化肥过量使用造成的污染,已成为制约我国农业和农村可持续发展的重要因素,如何科学合理施肥,提高化肥利用效率已成为我国急需解决的问题。[方法]文章利用四川省12个区县380户柑橘种植户的实地调研数据,运用双变量Probit模型分析柑橘种植户过量施肥风险认知与环境友好型技术采纳行为的影响因素。[结果]柑橘种植农户对过量施肥风险的认知和测土配方技术采纳行为之间存在相关性;文化程度高、柑橘种植收入占家庭总收入的比例大、种植面积大、种植年限长、对"三品"农产品的认知水平高和接受过技术培训的柑橘农户,对过量施肥风险存在一定的认知;在具备上述特征的基础上,外出务工劳动力占比低的农户和新型经营主体更愿意采纳测土配方施肥技术。[结论]通过校地合作、"三品"认证、市场规范、制定生产标准等措施,提高柑橘种植户过量施肥风险认知,促使测土配方施肥技术的采纳,合理施肥,提高化肥利用率,促进我国农业可持续发展。

关键词：农户行为测土配方施肥风险认知双变量Probit 技术采纳

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