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一种双层多糖水凝胶用于增强益生菌肠道靶向口服递送

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Engineering 2024年第3期34卷 187-194页

作者： Wen-Can Huang Wenjie Wang Wei Wang yanan hao Changhu Xue Xiangzhao Mao State Key Laboratory of Marine Food Processing and Safety Control College of Food Science and EngineeringOcean University of ChinaQingdao 266404China. Laboratory for Marine Drugs and Bioproducts of Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology Qingdao 266237China Qingdao Key Laboratory of Food Biotechnology Qingdao 266404China Key Laboratory of Biological Processing of Aquatic Products China National Light IndustryQingdao 266404China

Transplantation of probiotics to the intestine can positively regulate the gut microbiota,thereby promoting the immune system and treating various diseases.However,the harsh gastrointestinal environment and short retention time in the gastrointestinal tract significantly limit the bioavailability and intestinal colonization of probiotics.Herein,we present a double-layer polysaccharide hydrogel(DPH)in the form of a double-layer structure composed of a carboxymethyl cellulose(CMCL)supramolecular inner layer and a dialdehyde alginate(DAA)cross-linked carboxymethyl chitosan(CMCS)outer layer.This doublelayer structure allows DPH to encapsulate and deliver probiotics in a targeted manner within the body.In the stomach,the cage structure of the DPH is closed,and the outer layer absorbs surrounding liquids to form a barrier to protect the probiotics from gastric fluids.In the intestine,the cage structure opens and disintegrates,releasing the probiotics.Thus,DPH endows probiotics with excellent intestine-targeted delivery,improved oral bioavailability,enhanced gastrointestinal tract tolerance,and robust mucoadhesion capacity.The encapsulated probiotics exhibit almost unchanged bioactivity in the gastrointestinal tract before release,as well as improved oral delivery.In particular,probiotics encapsulated by DPH exhibit 100.1 times higher bioavailability and 10.6 times higher mucoadhesion than free probiotics in an animal model 48 h post-treatment.In addition,with a remarkable ability to survive and be retained in the intestine,probiotics encapsulated by DPH show excellent in vitro and in vivo competition with pathogens.Notably,DAA-mediated dynamic crosslinking not only maintains the overall integrity of the hydrogels but also controls the release timing of the probiotics.Thus,it is expected that encapsulated substances(probiotics,proteins,etc.)can be delivered to specific sites of the intestinal tract by means of DPH,by controlling the dynamic covalent crosslinking.

关键词： Polysaccharides Chitosan Hydrogels Oral delivery Intestine-targeted

Recent Progress of Electrospun Nanofbers for Zinc–Air Batteries

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Advanced Fiber Materials 2022年第2期4卷 185-202页

作者： yanan hao Feng Hu Ying Chen Yonghan Wang Jianjun Xue Shengyuan Yang Shengjie Peng College of Materials Science and Technology Nanjing University of Aeronautics and AstronauticsNanjing 210016People’s Republic of China State Key Laboratory for Modifcation of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials College of Materials Science and EngineeringDonghua University2999 North Renmin RoadShanghai 201620People’s Republic of China

As a potential electrochemical energy storage device,zinc–air batteries(ZABs)received considerable interest in the feld of energy conversion and storage due to its high energy density and eco-friendliness.Nevertheless,the sluggish kinetics of the oxygen reduction and oxygen evolution reactions limit the commercial development of ZABs,so it is of great signifcance to develop efcient,low-cost and non-noble metal bifunctional catalysts.Electrospun one-dimensional nanofbers with unique properties such as high porosity and large surface area have great advantages on possessing more active sites,shortening the difusion pathways for ions/electrons,and improving the kinetics via intercalation/de-intercalation processes,which endow them with promising application in the feld of energy storage devices,especially ZABs.This review frstly introduces the electrospinning technique.Then,the oxygen reduction/evolution reaction triggered by electrospun nanofbers with selfsupported structures are presented,followed by the application of electrospun nanofbers for liquid and fexible solid-state ZABs.Finally,the remaining challenges and research directions of ZABs based on electrospun nanofbers electrocatalysts are briefy discussed.

关键词： Electrospinning Nanofibers Self-supported structures Bifunctional electrocatalysts Zinc-air batteries

In situ construction of thiol-silver interface for selectively electrocatalytic CO_(2)reduction

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Nano Research 2022年第4期15卷 3283-3289页

作者： Ying Chen Feng Hu yanan hao Yonghan Wang Yaoyi Xie Hui Wang Lijie Yin Deshuang Yu Hongchao Yang Jun Ma Dan Kai Linlin Li Shengjie Peng College of Materials Science and Technology Nanjing University of Aeronautics and AstronauticsNanjing 210016China CAS Key Laboratory of Nano-Bio Interface Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-BionicsChinese Academy of SciencesSuzhou 215123China Institute of Materials Research and Engineering(IMRE) Singapore 138634Singapore Key Laboratory of Advanced Energy Materials Chemistry(Ministry of Education) College of ChemistryNankai UniversityTianjin 300071China

Electrochemical CO_(2)reduction(ECR)is one of the most effective methods to obtain carbonaceous chemicals and reduce greenhouse gases passingly under the ambient condition.However,efficient electrocatalysts featured with high selectivity and stability are still lacking.A novel molecule-mediated Ag electrocatalyst with capped thiols is rationally designed for high-performance ECR.The thiol-capped and carbon-supported Ag nanostructures(Ag-TC)are formed by in situ electrochemical reduction from three-dimentional(3D)Ag-thiol metal-organic compound with cysteine as the anchor agent and carbon source.Ag-TC exhibits high selectivity and stability for CO_(2)conversion to CO(86.7%),which is more catalytically active than that of common Ag nanoparticles.The function of thiols for ECR is proved by replacing cysteine with alanine without thiol group.Meanwhile,alternatively replacing and removing the surface molecules on the Ag foil further demonstrate the effct of thiols.This work enlightens the promise of in situ construction method for molecule capped metal electrocatalyst towards selective and stable ECR.

关键词： electrochemical CO_(2)reduction molecule-mediated catalyst thiols Ag nanoparticle

Two-step model of paleohexaploidy, ancestral genome reshuffling and plasticity of heat shock response in Asteraceae

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Horticulture Research 2023年第6期10卷 82-95页

作者： Xiangming Kong Yan Zhang Ziying Wang Shoutong Bao Yishan Feng Jiaqi Wang Zijian Yu Feng Long Zejia Xiao yanan hao Xintong Gao Yinfeng Li Yue Ding Jianyu Wang Tianyu Lei Chuanyuan Xu Jinpeng Wang Department of Bioinformatics School of Life Sciencesand Center for Genomics and Computational BiologyNorth China University of Science and TechnologyTangshanHebei 063000China State Key Laboratory of Systematic and Evolutionary Botany Institute of BotanyChinese Academy of ScienceBeijing 100093China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China

An ancient hexaploidization event in the most but not all Asteraceae plants,may have been responsible for shaping the genomes of many horticultural,ornamental,and medicinal plants that promoting the prosperity of the largest angiosperm family on the earth.However,the duplication process of this hexaploidy,as well as the genomic and phenotypic diversity of extant Asteraceae plants caused by paleogenome reorganization,are still poorly understood.We analyzed 11 genomes from 10 genera in Asteraceae,and redated the Asteraceae common hexaploidization(ACH)event∼70.7–78.6 million years ago(Mya)and the Asteroideae specific tetraploidization(AST)event∼41.6–46.2 Mya.Moreover,we identified the genomic homologies generated from the ACH,AST and speciation events,and constructed a multiple genome alignment framework for Asteraceae.Subsequently,we revealed biased fractionations between the paleopolyploidization produced subgenomes,suggesting the ACH and AST both are allopolyplodization events.Interestingly,the paleochromosome reshuffling traces provided clear evidence for the two-step duplications of ACH event in Asteraceae.Furthermore,we reconstructed ancestral Asteraceae karyotype(AAK)that has 9 paleochromosomes,and revealed a highly flexible reshuffling of Asteraceae paleogenome.Of specific significance,we explored the genetic diversity of Heat Shock Transcription Factors(Hsfs)associated with recursive whole-genome polyploidizations,gene duplications,and paleogenome reshuffling,and revealed that the expansion of Hsfs gene families enable heat shock plasticity during the genome evolution of Asteraceae.Our study provides insights on polyploidy and paleogenome remodeling for the successful establishment of Asteraceae,and is helpful for further communication and exploration of the diversification of plant families and phenotypes.

关键词： shuffling shock plasticity

生产工具演变与劳动分工体系变革——从机器、专用人工智能到通用人工智能雏形ChatGPT

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自然辩证法通讯 2024年第2期46卷 1-10页

作者：齐志远高剑平郝亚楠江苏科技大学科学技术史研究所江苏镇江212003 广西民族大学政治与公共管理学院广西南宁530006

纵观人类社会发展史,从机器到专用人工智能,再到通用人工智能雏形ChatGPT,生产工具的演变深刻影响着劳动分工体系的变革。机器作为体力劳动的延伸与替代,推动着体力分工的形成和社会生产力的发展,同时也引发了劳动异化问题。专用人工智... 详细信息

纵观人类社会发展史,从机器到专用人工智能,再到通用人工智能雏形ChatGPT,生产工具的演变深刻影响着劳动分工体系的变革。机器作为体力劳动的延伸与替代,推动着体力分工的形成和社会生产力的发展,同时也引发了劳动异化问题。专用人工智能作为脑力劳动的延伸与强化,形成了人机优势互补的脑力分工,但仍未解决人类片面发展的困境。通用人工智能雏形ChatGPT作为劳动技能的整体对象化,将各种劳动技能转化为智能工具,形成了劳动方式更加灵活的软分工体系,推动着人类劳动的自由化。因此,通用人工智能在未来社会能否充分发挥人的创造潜力,关乎着人的自由全面发展能否实现。

关键词：人机关系通用人工智能 ChatGPT 劳动技能对象化

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艾菊瓢虫口器及其感器的超微形态特征观察

植物保护 2024年第2期50卷 73-84页

作者：石亚萍王科刘长仲郝亚楠郝昕马瑞鹏甘肃农业大学植物保护学院甘肃省农作物病虫害生物防治工程实验室兰州730070 甘肃兴隆山国家级自然保护区管理局兰州730117

研究昆虫口器的形态是探究昆虫取食机制的重要手段。为明确艾菊瓢虫成虫口器各部分的超微形态,以及口器感器的种类及分布特征,探究植食性瓢虫口器各结构的功能及协调机制,本研究利用扫描电镜对艾菊瓢虫成虫口器各结构的超微形态及口器... 详细信息

研究昆虫口器的形态是探究昆虫取食机制的重要手段。为明确艾菊瓢虫成虫口器各部分的超微形态,以及口器感器的种类及分布特征,探究植食性瓢虫口器各结构的功能及协调机制,本研究利用扫描电镜对艾菊瓢虫成虫口器各结构的超微形态及口器感器进行详细观察,并与其他食性瓢虫口器形态进行比较。结果表明,艾菊瓢虫的口器是典型的咀嚼式口器,由上唇、上颚、下颚、下唇和舌组成。根据感器的形态、长度及分布共鉴定出7种感器,即刺形感器、锥形感器、毛形感器、栓锥形感器、表皮孔、板形感器以及分枝刷状结构,其中分枝刷状结构在瓢虫中首次报道。艾菊瓢虫口器基本组成及主要形态与其他食性瓢虫种类相似,但在细微形态上均有差别,这些形态差异与取食习性密切相关。

关键词：艾菊瓢虫口器感器扫描电镜超微形态

家庭产房一体化护理模式对产妇产后心理状态的影响分析

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中外女性健康研究 2024年第2期 26-29页

作者：蒿亚男陈晨日照市妇幼保健院护理部山东日照276800 日照市妇幼保健院产房山东日照276800

目的:探讨对产妇产后进行家庭产房一体化护理模式对心理状态的影响。方法:选取2021年5月至2023年5月本院收治的产妇80例作为研究对象,将其随机分为观察组与对照组,各40例,对照组采用常规护理干预,观察组采用家庭产房一体化护理模式干预... 详细信息

目的:探讨对产妇产后进行家庭产房一体化护理模式对心理状态的影响。方法:选取2021年5月至2023年5月本院收治的产妇80例作为研究对象,将其随机分为观察组与对照组,各40例,对照组采用常规护理干预,观察组采用家庭产房一体化护理模式干预。比较两组负面情绪、分娩方式及母婴结局、生活质量、角色适应优良情况。结果:护理前,两组SAS、SDS各项评分比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);护理后,两组SAS、SDS评分均显著降低,且观察组对应评分低于对照组(P0.05);护理后,两组WHOQOL-BREF与护理前相比均上升,且观察组WHOQOL-BREF评分高于对照组(P<0.05)。观察组角色适应优良率高于对照组(P<0.05)。结论:家庭产房一体化护理模式能够帮助产妇减轻因生产带来的焦虑抑郁负面情绪,提高自然分娩率,减少母婴不良结局,从而提高产妇的生活质量,并且能够帮助产妇快速适应母亲的角色,临床应用价值较高。

关键词：家庭产房一体化产后心理状态生活质量角色适应

Inulin Can Alleviate Metabolism Disorders in ob/ob Mice by Partially Restoring Leptinrelated Pathways Mediated by Gut Microbiota

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Genomics, Proteomics & Bioinformatics 2019年第1期17卷 64-75页

作者： Xiaofeng Song Liang Zhong Na Lyu Fei Liu Boxing Li yanan hao Yong Xue Jing Li Yuqing Feng Yue Ma Yongfei Hu Baoli Zhu CAS Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Microbiology and Immunology Institute of Microbiology Chinese Academy of Sciences Savaid Medical School University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing Key Laboratory of Microbial Drug Resistance and Resistome College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering China Agricultural University State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition College of Animal Science and Technology China Agricultural University Department of Pathogenic Biology School of Basic Medical Sciences Southwest Medical University

Inulin has been used as a prebiotic to alleviate glucose and lipid metabolism disorders in mice and humans by modulating the gut microbiota. However, the mechanism underlying the alleviation of metabolic disorders by inulin through interactions between the gut microbiota and host cells is unclear. We use ob/ob mice as a model to study the effect of inulin on the cecal microbiota by16 S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing and its interaction with host cells by transcriptomics. The inulin-supplemented diet improved glucose and lipid metabolism disorder parameters in ob/ob mice,alleviating fat accumulation and glucose intolerance. The a diversity of gut microbial community of ob/ob mice was reduced after inulin treatment, while the b diversity tended to return to the level of wild type mice. Interestingly, Prevotellaceae UCG 001(family Prevotellaceae) was obviously enriched after inulin treatment. A comparative analysis of the gene expression profile showed that the cecal transcriptome was changed in leptin gene deficiency mice, whereas the inulin-supplemented diet partially reversed the changes in leptin gene-related signaling pathways, especially AMPK signaling pathway, where the levels of gene expression became comparable to those in wild type mice.Further analysis indicated that Prevotellaceae UCG 001 was positively correlated with the AMPK signaling pathway, which was negatively correlated with markers of glycolipid metabolism disorders. Our results suggest that the inulin-supplemented diet alleviates glucose and lipid metabolism disorders by partially restoring leptin related pathways mediated by gut microbiota.

关键词： Prebiotics Gut microbiota Obesity Transcriptome Metabolic disorders

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低压直流配电网强弱电弧特征及检测算法

中国电力 2024年第2期57卷 94-102页

作者：刘国强李国春郝亚楠李贵海吴中杰国网山东省电力公司电力科学研究院山东济南250003

直流电弧没有过零点特性,难以自行熄灭,易引发电气火灾,威胁直流配用电安全。通过搭建电弧模拟发生实验平台,采集不同电压下电弧信号,研究电弧电阻、电压等特性,分析了不同电压下电弧特征的差异性。以GB/T 35727—2017中低压直流配网标... 详细信息

直流电弧没有过零点特性,难以自行熄灭,易引发电气火灾,威胁直流配用电安全。通过搭建电弧模拟发生实验平台,采集不同电压下电弧信号,研究电弧电阻、电压等特性,分析了不同电压下电弧特征的差异性。以GB/T 35727—2017中低压直流配网标称电压优选值为依据,研究220 V、750 V、1 500 V3种不同电压等级电弧检测特征,对比傅里叶、小波、奇异值分解等频域特性,最大值、最小值、平均值、标准差等时域特性,得到不同电压等级下电弧检测的优质判据,证明了不同时频域特征适用于不同的电压等级。结合神经网络模型,设计了适用于750 V系统的电弧检测算法,算法检测精度为99.12%。

关键词：直流配电网电弧小波包奇异值时频域特性