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废旧棉织物的资源能源化利用研究进展

浙江化工 2024年第3期55卷 39-47页

作者：刘声珏王欣夏伊静马香娟严燕何聪浙江工商大学环境科学与工程学院浙江杭州310018 浙江致远环境科技股份有限公司浙江嘉兴314500

废旧棉织物蕴含丰富的纤维素和高含碳量,是低成本的资源能源化利用原材料,其产生量占废旧纺织品总量的24%。因此,废旧棉织物的回收再利用可避免填埋或焚烧处理造成的资源浪费,对纺织行业降低碳排放、助力实现“碳达峰、碳中和”目标具... 详细信息

废旧棉织物蕴含丰富的纤维素和高含碳量,是低成本的资源能源化利用原材料,其产生量占废旧纺织品总量的24%。因此,废旧棉织物的回收再利用可避免填埋或焚烧处理造成的资源浪费,对纺织行业降低碳排放、助力实现“碳达峰、碳中和”目标具有重要意义。本文在分析国内外废旧纺织品回收利用现状的基础上,提出了废旧棉织物回收利用的必要性和意义。重点阐述了废旧棉织物回收利用制成再生棉纤维/纱线、制备碳材料(如炭微球、再生纤维膜、棉纤维基活性炭和活性炭纤维等),生产微晶纤维素,以及生产甲烷、乙醇和丁醇等生物能源的利用途径,指出了废旧棉织物资源能源化利用面临的挑战及未来的研究重点。

关键词：废旧棉织物回收利用碳材料微晶纤维素生物能源

两个RIL群体中小麦籽粒品质相关性状QTL定位及KASP标记开发

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作物学报 2024年第7期50卷 1669-1683页

作者：毕俊鸽曾占奎李琼洪壮壮颜群翔赵越王春平河南科技大学农学院/河南省旱地作物种质资源利用工程研究中心河南洛阳471000 神农种业实验室河南郑州450000

本研究利用小麦55K SNP(55K single-nucleotide polymorphism)芯片和DArT(diversity array technology)标记对Avocet/Chilero和Avocet/Huites构建的两个F6重组自交系群体(recombinant inbred line,RIL)进行了小麦籽粒蛋白质含量(grain protein content,GPC)、湿面筋含量(wet gluten content,WGC)和沉降值(sedimentation value,SV)的QTL(quantitative trait loci)定位。共鉴定到68个与小麦籽粒蛋白质含量、湿面筋含量和沉降值相关的QTL,表型贡献率为3.60%~22.53%,其中,位于3A(2)、4D、5D(2)、6A(8)和7B染色体上的14个QTL可在多环境下被重复检测到。此外,在3A、3D、4B、5D、6A(2)和7B染色体上检测到7个QTL簇,位于3AS染色体9.32~60.01 Mb和6AS染色体38.47~82.95 Mb的稳定QTL簇C3A和C6A.2,同时与小麦籽粒蛋白质含量、湿面筋含量和沉降值显著相关,分别解释了6.55%~14.21%和3.83%~22.53%的表型变异。同时,在2个QTL簇中筛选到16个可能与籽粒蛋白质含量相关的候选基因,并根据候选基因开发了可供育种利用的KASP标记CGPC-6A-KASP-1和CGPC-6A-KASP-2。本研究为小麦籽粒品质相关性状的遗传改良提供了新的QTL位点和KASP标记,为分子标记辅助育种提供依据与参考。

关键词：小麦籽粒蛋白质含量 QTL定位 KASP标记

Gas-liquid-liquid extraction in a novel rotating microchannel extractor

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Chinese Journal of Chemical Engineering 2020年第10期28卷 2523-2532页

作者： Rui ma Chunxin Fan Yubin Wang Jianhong Luo jun Li Sridhar Komarneni Department of Chemical Engineering Sichuan UniversityChengdu 610065China Department of Ecosystem Science and management and materials Research Institute 204 Energy and the Environment LaboratoryThe Pennsylvania State UniversityUniversity ParkPA 16802USA

In this work,a novel rotating microchannel extractor(RME)is designed and further used for the extraction of chromium(Ⅲ)from ***,the micro-extraction had the same effect as carrying out 2.9-stage cross-flow *** factors,including the gas intake methods,gas intake quantity(Qg),distance between inner rotor and outer wall(D),rotational inner rotor speed(R)and volumetric flow rate(Qa,Qo),were selected to investigate their effect on the extraction efficiency(η)*** relation map ofηwith Weaand We(o-g)for RME provides a comprehension for the gas–liquid–liquid extraction process in this RME system.

关键词： Microextraction Gas–liquid–liquid Rotating microchannel extractor mass transfer Extraction efficiency

Impacts of warming on root biomass allocation in alpine steppe on the north Tibetan Plateau

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Journal of Mountain Science 2017年第8期14卷 1615-1623页

作者： ma Xing-xing yan yan HONG Jiang-tao LU Xu-yang WANG Xiao-dan Key Laboratory of Mountain Surface Processes and Ecological Regulation Institute of Mountain Hazards and EnvironmentChinese Academy of Sciences University of Chinese Academy of Sciences

Biomass is an important component of global carbon cycling and is vulnerable to climate change. Previous studies have mainly focused on the responses of aboveground biomass and phenology to warming, while studies of root architecture and of root biomass allocation between coarse and fine roots have been scarcely reported in grassland ecosystems. We conducted an open-top-chamber warming experiment to investigate the effect of potential warming on root biomass and root allocation in alpine steppe on the north Tibetan Plateau. The results showed that Stipa purpurea had significantly higher total root length, root surface area and tips than Carex moocroftii. However,there were no differences in total root volume, mean diameter and forks for the two species. Warming significantly increased total root biomass(27.60%), root biomass at 0–10 cm depth(27.84%) and coarse root biomass(diameter > 0.20 mm, 57.68%) in the growing season(August). However, warming had no significant influence on root biomass in the non-growing season(April). Root biomass showed clear seasonalvariations: total root biomass, root biomass at 0–10 cm depth and coarse root biomass significantly increased in the growing season. The increase in total root biomass was due to the enhancement of root biomass at 0–10 cm depth, to which the increase of coarse root biomass made a great contribution. This research is of significance for understanding biomass allocation, carbon cycling and biological adaptability in alpine grassland ecosystems under future climate change.

关键词： Coarse root Fine root Root architecture Warming Climate change Open-top chambers

Distance dependence of atomic-resolution near-field imaging on α-Al2O3 （0001） surface with respect to surface photovoltage of silicon probe tip

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Nano Research 2016年第2期9卷 530-536页

作者： junsuke Yamanishi Takashi Tokuyama Yoshitaka Naitoh yan jun Li Yasuhiro Sugawara Department of Applied Physics Graduate School of Engineering Osaka University 2-1 Yamada-oka Suita Osaka 565-0871 Japan

Recently, we achieved atomic-resolution optical imaging with near-field scanning optical microscopy using photon-induced force detection. In this technique, the surface photovoltage of the silicon-tip apex induced by the optical near field on the surface is measured as the electrostatic force. We demonstrated atomicresolution imaging of the near field on the α-Al2O3 （0001） surface of a prism. We investigated the spatial distribution of the near field by scanning at different tip-sample distances and found that the atomic corrugation of the near-field signal was observed at greater distances than that of the atomic force microscopy signal. As the tip-sample distance increased, the normalized signal-to-noise ratio of the near field is in a gradual decline almost twice that of the frequency shift （Δf）.

关键词： near-field scanning optical microscopy near field surface photovoltage ci-Al2O3 (0001) force detection

A continuous-discontinuous cellular automaton method for cracks growth and coalescence in brittle material

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Acta Mechanica Sinica 2014年第1期30卷 73-83页

作者： Fei yan Xia-Ting Feng Peng-Zhi Pan Shao-jun Li State Key Laboratory of Geomechanics and Geotechnical Engineering Institute of Rock and Soil MechanicsChinese Academy of Science

A method of continuous-discontinuous cellular automaton for modeling the growth and coalescence of multiple cracks in brittle material is presented. The method uses the level set to track arbitrary discontinuities, and calculation grids are independent of the discontinuities and no remeshing are required with the crack growing. Based on Grif- fith fracture theory and Mohr-Coulumb criterion, a mixed fracture criterion for multiple cracks growth in brittle mate- rial is proposed. The method treats the junction and coales- cence of multiple cracks, and junction criterion and coales- cence criterion for brittle material are given, too. Besides, in order to overcome the tracking error in the level set ap- proximation for crack junction and coalescence, a dichotomy searching algorithm is proposed. Introduced the above the- ories into continuous-discontinuous cellular automaton, the present method can be applied to solving multiple crack growth in brittle material, and only cell stiffness is needed and no assembled global stiffness is needed. Some numerical examples are given to shown that the present method is efficient and accurate for crack junction, coalescence and percolation problems.

关键词： Continuous-discontinuous cellular automatonmethod Multiple crack growth Discontinuous cellular au-tomaton junction criterion - Coalescence criterion

Application of grey relational analysis in sheet metal forming for multi-response quality characteristics

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Journal of Zhejiang University-Science A(Applied Physics & Engineering) 2007年第5期8卷 805-811页

作者： XIE yan-min YU Hu-ping CHEN jun RUAN Xue-yu National Die ＆ Mold CAD Engineering Research Center Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai 200030 China

The theory of grey systems is a new technique for performing prediction, relational analysis and decision making in many areas. In this paper, the use of grey relational analysis for optimizing the square hole flanging process parameters with considerations of the multiple response (the average flanging height, regular flanging and maximum strain) is introduced. Various flanging parameters, such as the blank inner radius rb, blank inner width B0, are considered. An orthogonal array is used for the experimental design. Multiple response values are obtained using finite element analysis (FEA). Optimal process parameters are determined by the grey relational grade obtained from the grey relational analysis for multi-performance characteristics (flanging height, regular flanging and maximum strain). Analysis of variance (ANOVA) for the grey relational grade is implemented. The results showed good agreement with the experiment result. Grey relational analysis can be applied in multiple response optimi-zation designs.

关键词： Grey relational analysis Flanging Multiple response Optimization design

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HPLC法测定安普胶囊中红景天苷的含量

化学工程师 2024年第7期38卷 28-31页

作者：何嘉郡董晏含张轶男谢海龙马伟黑龙江中医药大学黑龙江哈尔滨150040

目的建立在安普胶囊中以红景天苷为指标性成分的含量的测定方法。方法选用甲醇-水(15∶85)为流动相,流速为1.0mL·min^(-1),检测波长为275nm,柱温为30℃。结果确定了安普胶囊的含量测定方法,在色谱条件下红景天苷回归方程为y=33.998x+2.... 详细信息

目的建立在安普胶囊中以红景天苷为指标性成分的含量的测定方法。方法选用甲醇-水(15∶85)为流动相,流速为1.0mL·min^(-1),检测波长为275nm,柱温为30℃。结果确定了安普胶囊的含量测定方法,在色谱条件下红景天苷回归方程为y=33.998x+2.9436(R2=0.9998),表明红景天苷在0.5~5mg·mL^(-1)浓度范围内线性关系良好。结论该方法简便、快捷,重现性好,能够满足实际质量控制的要求,可以用于安普胶囊中红景天苷含量的测定。

关键词：安普胶囊红景天苷高效液相色谱法含量测定

Local chemical inhomogeneities in TiZrNb-based refractory high-entropy alloys

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Journal of materials Science & Technology 2023年第4期135卷 221-230页

作者： Kaihui Xun Bozhao Zhang Qi Wang Zhen Zhang jun Ding En ma Center for Alloy Innovation and Design(CAID) State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of MaterialsXi’an Jiaotong UniversityXi’an 710049China Science and Technology on Surface Physics and Chemistry Laboratory P.O.Box 9-35Jiangyou 621908China

Multi-principal element solid solutions are prone to develop local chemical inhomogeneities,i.e.,chemi-cal order/clustering and/or compositional ***,these structural details from short-range(first couple of nearest-neighbor atomic shells)to nanometer length scale are very challenging to re-solve in both experimental characterization and computer *** instance,Monte Carlo model-ing based on density-functional-theory calculations is severely limited by the sample size and the sim-ulation steps practical in the *** the cluster expansion approach,here we systemati-cally reveal the local chemical inhomogeneity,including chemical order and compositional fluctuation,in three representative equiatomic TiZrNb-based body-centered cubic refractory high-entropy alloys(HEAs):TiZrNb,TiZrHfNb and ***-Zr pairs are found to exhibit the highest degree of chemical pref-erence among all atomic *** chemical short-range order(CSRO)induces an accompanying com-positional undulation,both extending to characteristic dimensions of the order of one *** chemical inhomogeneity trend uncovered for this series of TiZrNb-based HEAs is expected to impact their mechanical properties;e.g.,incorporating the CSRO effects in a current model significantly improves its agreement with experimental measured yield strength.

关键词： Local chemical inhomogeneity Cluster expansion TiZrNb-based high-entropy alloy Chemical short-range order Compositional fluctuation