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Evolution of the 2015/16 El Nio and historical perspective since 1979

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Science China Earth Sciences 2017年第9期60卷 1572-1588页

作者： yan xue Arun KUMAR Climate Prediction Center National Centers for Environmental Prediction National Weather Service National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration College Park MD 20740 USA

The 2015/16 El Nio developed from weak warm conditions in late 2014 and NINO3.4 reached 3℃ in November 2015. We describe the characteristics of the evolution of the 2015/16 El Nio using various data sets including SST, surface winds,outgoing longwave radiation and subsurface temperature from an ensemble operational ocean reanalyses, and place this event in the context of historical ENSO events since 1979. One salient feature about the 2015/16 El Nio was a large number of westerly wind bursts and downwelling oceanic Kelvin waves(DWKVs). Four DWKVs were observed in April-November 2015 that initiated and enhanced the eastern-central Pacific warming. Eastward zonal current anomalies associated with DWKVs advected the warm pool water eastward in spring/summer. An upwelling Kelvin wave(UWKV) emerged in early November 2015 leading to a rapid decline of the event. Another outstanding feature was that NINO4 reached a historical high(1.7℃), which was 1℃(0.8℃) higher than that of the 1982/83(1997/98) El Nio . Although NINO3 was comparable to that of the 1982/83 and 1997/98 El Nio , NINO1+2 was much weaker. Consistently, enhanced convection was displaced 20 degree westward, and the maximum D20 anomaly was about 1/3.1/2 of that in 1997 and 1982 near the west coast of South America.

关键词： ENSO Sea surface temperature Westerly wind bursts Ocean Kelvin waves Thermocline variability Ocean reanalysis

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冬季横断山区一次低空风切变诊断及模拟

应用气象学报 2025年第1期36卷 77-89页

作者：任菊章杨雪陶云付志嘉陈艳钟亚含王曼金燕云南省气象科学研究所昆明650034 云南机场集团有限责任公司沧源佤山机场临沧677400 大理国家气候观象台大理671003 云南省气候中心昆明650034

沧源佤山机场位于横断山区得龙山,冬季飞机在起飞着陆过程中易遭遇低空风切变,造成复飞。应用机场气象站资料、自动气象站和风廓线雷达加密观测资料等,诊断分析了2021年12月29日沧源佤山机场区域出现的一次低空风切变复飞事件。结果表明... 详细信息

沧源佤山机场位于横断山区得龙山,冬季飞机在起飞着陆过程中易遭遇低空风切变,造成复飞。应用机场气象站资料、自动气象站和风廓线雷达加密观测资料等,诊断分析了2021年12月29日沧源佤山机场区域出现的一次低空风切变复飞事件。结果表明:冬季一般天气条件下,横断山区盛行偏西南气流,沧源佤山机场东侧坝区存在小尺度局地山谷风环流。午后盛行风加强,机场地面转为一致的西南风,风速增加并超过5.0 m·s^(-1)后,机场东侧坝区谷风风速增加,并伴有垂直上升运动。随着太阳辐射减弱,盛行风开始减弱,东侧坝区内转为山风环流。数值模拟结果也显示:午后盛行偏西南风增强,促使机场地面风速和影响东侧坝区的下坡气流加速,与谷风在机场东侧坝区辐合,产生上升气流,上下层动量交换加强,边界层垂直不稳定加强,产生低空风切变,造成复飞。因此,边界层盛行风与局地谷风环流间的相互作用是造成2021年12月29日佤山机场东侧坝区出现瞬时低空风切变的主要原因。

关键词：低空风切变过山气流山谷风环流数值模拟

深海沉积物中稀土元素浸出及LIBS光谱探测方法研究

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光谱学与光谱分析 2025年第2期45卷 469-475页

作者：韩焱杜增丰田野卢渊石学法栾振东于淼张鑫中国科学院海洋研究所中国科学院海洋地质与环境重点实验室&深海极端环境与生命过程研究中心山东青岛266071 崂山实验室山东青岛266061 中国海洋大学信息科学与工程学部物理与光电工程学院山东青岛266100 自然资源部第一海洋研究所自然资源部海洋地质与成矿作用重点实验室山东青岛266061 中国科学院大学北京100049

深海稀土,是指深海盆地中富含稀土元素的沉积物,是继多金属结核、富钴结壳及多金属硫化物之后被发现的第四种深海金属矿产,具有巨大的资源潜力。目前,我国针对深海稀土资源的调查和探测技术研究十分薄弱,缺乏完备的能够实时探测深海沉... 详细信息

深海稀土,是指深海盆地中富含稀土元素的沉积物,是继多金属结核、富钴结壳及多金属硫化物之后被发现的第四种深海金属矿产,具有巨大的资源潜力。目前,我国针对深海稀土资源的调查和探测技术研究十分薄弱,缺乏完备的能够实时探测深海沉积物中稀土元素(REY)的技术手段,无法从深海沉积物中准确探测到稀土元素。激光诱导击穿光谱(LIBS)具有原位、实时、连续、非接触等独特优势,近年逐渐应用到水下元素分析中。由此,提出了一种深海稀土探测新方法,即将深海沉积物中的稀土元素通过无机酸浸出,而后利用LIBS的水下分析能力对深海沉积物浸出液中的离子态稀土元素进行探测。深海沉积物经预处理后,进行了不同无机酸种类和浓度、固液比及时间条件的浸出实验,研究了各个条件对稀土元素浸出过程的影响。通过对比各浸出液中稀土元素的浸出率获得最佳浸出条件,即HNO3浓度1.5 mol·L^(-1)、液固比2∶1、浸出时间5 min。利用LIBS对浸出液中稀土元素(Y、La、Nd)进行分析,光谱经平均处理、波长位移差分算法(WASS)校正后,进行单变量回归(UVR)和偏最小二乘法(PLS)分析。UVR分析获得稀土元素(Y、La、Nd)最佳线性回归结果的回归系数分别为0.87、0.83、0.80,对应检测限为3.55、4.09和5.71μg·g^(-1);PLS获得了显著优于UVR的回归结果,且获得更好的回归系数,分别为0.97、0.99、0.97。分析结果表明,PLS较UVR更适合深海沉积物的定量分析,同时证明了LIBS具有深海原位稀土元素探测的潜能,证实了利用LIBS结合多变量回归分析对深海沉积物中稀土元素进行检测和评价是可行的,为实现LIBS深海稀土探测提供数据支持。

关键词：深海沉积物稀土元素酸浸激光诱导击穿光谱

Global trends and hotspots of type 2 diabetes in children and adolescents:A bibliometric study and visualization analysis

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World Journal of Diabetes 2025年第1期16卷 140-168页

作者： Fang-Shuo Zhang Hai-Jing Li xue Yu Yi-Ping Song yan-Feng Ren Xuan-Zhu Qian Jia-Li Liu Wen-Xun Li Yi-Ran Huang Kuo Gao School of Acupuncture-Moxibustion and Tuina Beijing University of Chinese MedicineBeijing 100029China School of Traditional Chinese Medicine Beijing University of Chinese MedicineBeijing 100029China

BACKGROUND Epidemiological surveys indicate an increasing incidence of type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM)among children and adolescents *** to rapid disease progression,severe long-term cardiorenal complications,a lack of effective treatment strategies,and substantial socioeconomic burdens,it has become an urgent public health issue that requires management and *** T2DM differs from adult *** a significant increase in our understanding of youth-onset T2DM over the past two decades,the related review and evidence-based content remain *** To visualize the hotspots and trends in pediatric and adolescent T2DM research and to forecast their future research *** This study utilized the terms“children”,“adolescents”,and“type 2 diabetes”,retrieving relevant articles published between 1983 and 2023 from three citation databases within the Web of Science Core Collection(SCI,SSCI,ESCI).Utilizing CiteSpace and VoSviewer software,we analyze and visually represent the annual output of literature,countries involved,and participating *** allows us to predict trends in this research *** analysis encompasses co-cited authors,journal overlays,citation overlays,time-zone views,keyword analysis,and reference analysis,*** A total of 9210 articles were included,and the annual publication volume in this field showed a steady growth *** United States had the highest number of publications and the highest *** United States also had the most research institutions and the strongest research *** global hot journals were primarily diabetes professional journals but also included journals related to nutrition,endocrinology,and *** analysis showed that research related to endothelial dysfunction,exposure risk,cardiac metabolic risk,changes in gut microbiota,the impact on comorbidities and outcomes,etc.,were emerging *** have maintained their popularity in this field,sugges

关键词： Child Adolescent Type 2 diabetes mellitus Bibliometrics Knowledge mapping Visualization CiteSpace VOSviewer

Burden of mental disorders and risk factors in the Western Pacific region from 1990 to 2021

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World Journal of Psychiatry 2025年第1期15卷 93-105页

作者： Ya-Xin Xu Xiao-Xuan Niu Wen-Chang Jia Jing Wen xue-Lin Cheng yan Han Ming-Hui Peng Jing Zhou Yao Liu Sun-Fang Jiang Xiao-Pan Li Department of Health Management Centre Zhongshan HospitalFudan UniversityShanghai 200030China Department of General Practice Zhongshan HospitalFudan UniversityShanghai 200030China Department of Nutrition Zhongshan HospitalFudan UniversityShanghai 200032China School of Public Health Fudan UniversityShanghai 200032China

BACKGROUND The burden of mental disorders(MD)in the Western Pacific Region(WPR)re-mains a critical public health concern,with substantial variations across demogra-phics and *** To analyze the burden of MD in the WPR from 1990 to 2021,along with associated risk factors,to reveal changing trends and emerging *** We used data from the Global Burden of Disease 2021,analyzing prevalence,incidence,and disability-adjusted life years(DALYs)of MD from 1990 to *** methods included age-standardisation and uncertainty analysis to address variations in population structure and data *** Between 1990 and 2021,the prevalence of MD rose from 174.40 million cases[95%uncertainty interval(UI):160.17-189.84]to 234.90 million cases(95%UI:219.04-252.50),with corresponding DALYs increasing from 22.8 million(95%UI:17.22-28.79)to 32.07 million(95%UI:24.50-40.68).During this period,the burden of MD shifted towards older age *** and anxiety disorders were predominant,with females showing higher DALYs for depressive and anxiety disorders,and males more affected by conduct disorders,attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder,and autism spectrum ***,New Zealand,and Malaysia reported the highest burdens,whereas Vietnam,China,and Brunei Darussalam reported the ***,childhood sexual abuse and bullying,and intimate partner violence emerged as significant risk *** This study highlights the significant burden of MD in the WPR,with variations by age,gender,and *** coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic has exacerbated the situation,emphasizing the need for a coordinated response.

关键词： Mental disorders Western pacific region Global Burden of Disease Risk factors Disability-adjusted life years

Topographic distribution features of the choroidal and retinal nerve fiber layer thickness in Wenzhou schoolaged children

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International Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition) 2020年第9期13卷 466-473页

作者： Wei-Qin Liu dan-dan Wang Xiao-Xia yang yan-yan Pan xue Song Yu-Shan Hou Chen-Xiao Wang Eye Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University Wenzhou 325027Zhejiang ProvinceChina Optometry Academy of Wenzhou Medical University Wenzhou 325027Zhejiang ProvinceChina

AIM:To explore the topographic distribution features of choroidal thickness(CT)and retinal nerve fiber layer thickness(RNFLT),and determine the relationship between CT and ocular parameters in school-aged ***:The healthy school-aged children with low myopia or emmetropia in Wenzhou were recruited for this cross-sectional *** high-density optical coherence tomography(HD-OCT)combined with MATLAB software,the CT and RNFLT values in the macular area were measured at different locations and *** analyses were performed to evaluate the correlation between CT and ophthalmic parameters,such as spherical equivalent(SE)and the axial length(AL).RESULTS:A total of 279 school-aged children with 8.00±1.35 years of mean age(range,6-10 y)were *** mean AL was 23.66±0.86 *** mean CT in CT-C(264.31±48.93μm)was thicker than that in CT-N1(249.54±50.52μm),and the average CT in the parafoveal region was also thicker than that in CT-N2(235.65±50.63μm).The subfoveal CT also varied substantially across refractive errors(P<0.001),and those with myopia(250.59±47.01μm)exhibited a thinner choroid compared with those with emmetropia(278.74±48.06μm).CT positively correlated with AL(y=11.12 x-4.15;R^2=0.18),and positively correlated with SE(y=90.07 x+17.916;R^2=14.2).The average RNFLT was thickest in the peripapillary region(236.35±19.03μm),the mean RNFLT-S(131.10±15.16μm)was thicker than the RNFLT-I(128.20±16.59μm),and the mean RNFLT-T(76.54±11.99μm)was thicker than the RNFLT-N(64.28±8.55μm).The variations in the RNFLT between quadrants did differ between those with myopia and emmetropia(P<0.05).CONCLUSION:We establish demographic information for the choroid and *** findings provide information that should be considered in future analyses of the CT and RNFLT in OCT studies in school-aged children.

关键词： children choroid myopia refractive error retinal nerve fiber layer optical coherence tomography

TDO2介导肾小管上皮细胞凋亡在Cis-AKI中作用及机制

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中国药理学通报 2025年第3期41卷 475-482页

作者：林茜茜宗雪梅陈悦兰汪文莉王越业严尚学魏伟常艳安徽医科大学临床药理研究所抗炎免疫药物教育部重点实验室安徽省抗炎免疫药物协同创新中心安徽医科大学类风湿关节炎研究中心安徽医科大学实验动物中心安徽合肥230032

目的探讨色氨酸-2,3-双加氧酶(tryptophan 2,3-dioxygenase,TDO2)在顺铂诱导急性肾损伤(cisplatin-acute kidney injury,Cis-AKI)中的作用,并在肾小管上皮细胞(tubular epithelial cells,TECs)中探究TDO2与凋亡相关机制。方法采用腹腔注射顺铂(cisplatin,Cis)建立AKI模型。比色法检测CRE、BUN水平,PAS染色观察小鼠肾脏损伤。免疫组化检测TDO2蛋白表达和分布及巨噬细胞(F4/80+)浸润;免疫荧光检测TDO2与肾小管标记物LTL共定位;TUNEL染色检测小鼠肾脏细胞凋亡;流式细胞术检测人肾皮质近曲小管上皮细胞(HK2)过表达和给予TDO2抑制剂680C91后细胞凋亡情况;Western blot检测过表达和抑制TDO2后HK2细胞TDO2、NF-κB信号通路蛋白水平。结果在整体动物实验中,与对照组相比,Cis-AKI小鼠CRE、BUN水平均明显升高,肾小管损伤明显;同时,Cis-AKI小鼠肾脏组织F4/80表达增加且肾脏细胞凋亡比例增加。免疫组化和免疫荧光结果表明TDO2表达增加且主要定位在TECs中。在细胞实验中,HK2细胞过表达TDO2后凋亡比例增加,TDO2、p-IκBα、p-p65蛋白表达升高,p-IκBα/IκBα、p-p65/p65升高;此外,给予680C91后细胞凋亡比例减少,p-IκBα、p-p65蛋白表达降低,p-IκBα/IκBα、p-p65/p65降低。结论TECs中TDO2升高参与Cis-AKI病理机制,可能与其诱导TECs凋亡和激活NF-κB信号通路进而参与肾损伤有关。

关键词：急性肾损伤顺铂 HK2 TDO2 凋亡 NF-κB

Association between depression and malnutrition in pulmonary tuberculosis patients:A cross-sectional study

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2022年第14期10卷 4395-4403页

作者： xue-E Fang dan-Ping Chen Ling-Ling Tang yan-Jun Mao Department of Tuberculosis Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital Affiliated to Tongji UniversityShanghai 200000Shanghai ProvinceChina Department of Nursing Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital Affiliated to Tongji UniversityShanghai 200000Shanghai ProvinceChina

BACKGROUND Depression has been reported to be prevalent in patients with pulmonary tuberculosis(PTB).Moreover,several clinical symptoms of PTB and depression overlap,such as loss of appetite and ***,the association between depression and malnutrition in TB patients has not been fully *** To explore the association between depression and malnutrition in patients with *** This hospital-based cross-sectional study included patients with PTB in Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital Affiliated to Tongji University from April 2019 to July *** Patient Health Questionnaire-9(PHQ-9)scale was used to evaluate *** cut-off value was set at 10,and the nutritional state was determined by the body mass index(BMI).In addition,the Quality of Life Instruments for Chronic Diseases was employed to establish the quality of life(QOL).Univariable analysis and multivariable analysis(forward mode)were implemented to identify the independent factors associated with *** A total of 328 PTB patients were screened for *** were excluded for missing demographic data,four excluded for missing nutrition status,and sixteen for missing QOL ***,300 PTB patients were subjected to *** found that depressive state was present in 225 PTB patients(75%).The ratio of malnutrition in the depressive PTB patients was 45.33%.Our results revealed significantly lower BMI,hemoglobin,and prealbumin in the depression group than in the control group(P<0.05).Moreover,the social status differed significantly(P<0.05)between the *** addition,glutamic pyruvic transaminase and glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase in the depression group were significantly higher than those in the control group(P<0.05).Multivariable logistic regression analysis showed that BMI[odds ratio(OR)=1.21,95%confidence interval(CI):1.163-1.257,P<0.001]and poor social function(OR=0.95,95%CI:0.926-0.974,P=0.038)were independently associated with ***

关键词： Depression Pulmonary tuberculosis Malnutrition Quality of life Comorbidity China

Expression of Hepatitis B Surface Antigen Gene in Ginseng Cells

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Chemical Research in Chinese Universities 2009年第5期25卷 695-698页

作者： YU Hai-peng xue yan AN Wei LIU dan HAO Shu-mei SHENG Jun College of Life Science Jilin University Changchun 130012 P R. China Changchun Institute of Biological Products Changchun 130062 P R. China Changchun University of Science and Technology Changchun 130022 13. R. China Organ Transplantation Department of First Hospital Jilin University Changchun 130021 P R. China

The recombinant plasmid pBIBSa containing the HBsAg DNA fragment was transferred into Agrobacterium tumefaciens strain LBA4404 directly. Ginseng cells were transfected with A. tumefaciens carrying pBIBSa and the ginseng cell lines carrying HBsAg-S gene were obtained. The presence of target gene in the transfect cells was confirmed by PCR and RT-PCR. A clear band at the site of 700 bp was observed by agarose electrophoresis analysis of the samples containing the target gene. HBsAg expressed by the transgenic ginseng cells was detected by Western blot. Maximum expression levels of 184 ng HBsAg/g FW and 0. 009% of the total soluble proteins were observed by ELISA. HBsAg in ginseng cells was located both on the cell membrane and in the nuclei.

关键词： Transgenic cell HBsAg Ginseng