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2021年山东省威海市中小学生近视状况及其影响因素分析

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预防医学论坛 2024年第2期30卷 128-132页

作者：闫兆凤赵健威海市疾病预防控制中心食品营养与学生保健科山东264200

目的分析2021年山东省威海市中小学生的视力状况及其影响因素,为近视防控提供理论依据。方法2021年采用多阶段整群抽样的原则,抽取山东省威海市18所中小学校4555名学生,开展视力筛查和近视状况问卷调查。计算近视检出率,采用χ^(2)检验... 详细信息

目的分析2021年山东省威海市中小学生的视力状况及其影响因素,为近视防控提供理论依据。方法2021年采用多阶段整群抽样的原则,抽取山东省威海市18所中小学校4555名学生,开展视力筛查和近视状况问卷调查。计算近视检出率,采用χ^(2)检验分析不同特征中小学生的近视率差异,采用多因素logistic回归分析近视的影响因素。结果威海市中小学生的近视率为81.58%(3716/4555)。各年级学生的近视率分别为小学四~六年级64.20%(970/1511)、初中87.17%(1359/1559)、高中93.40%(1387/1485),学生的近视率随着学段增加而递增(χ^(2)趋势=465.0,P<0.001)。女生、男生的近视率分别为84.13%(1892/2249)、79.10%(1824/2306),女生的近视率高于男生(χ^(2)=19.4,P<0.001)。城区、郊县学生的近视率分别为80.01%(2041/2551)、83.58%(1675/2004),城区学生的近视率低于郊县学生(χ^(2)=9.32,P<0.001)。不同特征座位调换周期(χ^(2)=231,P<0.001)、课桌椅调节频次(χ^(2)=121,P<0.001)、每天眼保健操次数(χ^(2)=87.7,P<0.001)、课间休息地点(χ^(2)=35.7,P<0.001)、放学作业时长(χ^(2)=13.6,P<0.05)、课外文化课补习时长(χ^(2)=13.6,P<0.05)、是否限制视屏时间(χ^(2)=35.3,P<0.001)、读写姿势达标与否(χ^(2)=42.1,P<0.001)、每天看电视时长(χ^(2)=22.4,P<0.001)、是否阳光直射用眼(χ^(2)=67.0,P<0.001)、天黑看屏关灯与否(χ^(2)=76.1,P<0.001)、躺爬用眼与否(χ^(2)=105,P<0.001)、走路乘车视屏与否(χ^(2)=99.8,P<0.001)、眼睛距离电脑66 cm情况(χ^(2)=21.1,P<0.001)、眼睛距离电视3 m情况(χ^(2)=7.76,P<0.05)、持续用眼时间(χ^(2)=63.2,P<0.001)、白天户外活动时间(χ^(2)=15.8,P<0.001)、睡眠时间(χ^(2)=302,P<0.001)以及父母近视情况(χ^(2)=81.0,P<0.001)中小学生的近视率差异有统计学意义。多因素logistic回归分析显示,性别(O R=1.384,95%CI:1.172~1.635,P<0.001)、所在地(O R=1.430,95%CI:1.187~1.723,P<0.001)、年级(小学O R=6.654,95%CI:4.554~9.723,P<0.001;初中O R=2.048,95%CI:1.426~2.941,P<0.001)、父母近视情况(仅父亲近视O R=0.535,95%CI:0.423~0.675,P<0.001;仅母亲近视O R=0.598,95%CI:0.479~0.746,P<0.001;父母均近视O R=0.377,95%CI:0.298~0.0.477,P<0.001)以及每天睡眠时间(小于8 h睡眠O R=0.574,95%CI:0.409~0.804,P<0.001;8~10 h睡眠O R=0.764,95%CI:0.619~0.943,P<0.001)是学生近视的影响因素。结论2021年威海市中小学生近视率较高,不同地区、年级、性别、睡眠时间及父母近视状况均是中小学生近视的影响因素。

关键词：中小学生近视视力学校卫生影响因素

柴胡加龙骨牡蛎汤治疗肝胆郁热型室性早搏的临床研究

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医药论坛杂志 2024年第2期45卷 211-215页

作者：韦要杰赵燕峰李晓娜孙艳玲洛阳市中医院心血管科河南洛阳471000

目的探讨柴胡加龙骨牡蛎汤治疗肝胆郁热型室性早搏(premature ventricular contractions,PVC)的临床应用价值。方法选取2021年1月—2023年1月洛阳市中医院收治的肝胆郁热型PVC 160例患者,随机分为观察组和对照组各80例,观察组给予柴胡... 详细信息

目的探讨柴胡加龙骨牡蛎汤治疗肝胆郁热型室性早搏(premature ventricular contractions,PVC)的临床应用价值。方法选取2021年1月—2023年1月洛阳市中医院收治的肝胆郁热型PVC 160例患者,随机分为观察组和对照组各80例,观察组给予柴胡加龙骨牡蛎汤联合琥珀酸美托洛尔缓释片,对照组仅给予琥珀酸美托洛尔缓释片,比较两组治疗前及治疗2周后中医证候积分、心功能、心率变异性指标水平及不良反应发生率。结果治疗前两组头晕、胸闷、心悸等项目分值比较无统计学意义(P>0.05),观察组治疗后头晕、胸闷、心悸等项目证候积分为(0.91±0.13)分、(1.70±0.25)分及(1.46±0.21)分,均低于对照组(P<0.05);治疗后两组室性早搏次数和左室收缩末内径(LVESD)、左心室舒张末期内径(LVEDD)水平下降,左心射血分数(LVEF)水平提升,观察组室性早搏次数、LVESD、LVEDD水平分别为(1248.54±187.28)次、(30.07±4.51)mm及(47.01±7.05)mm,均低于对照组,LVEF水平(56.34±8.45)%,高于对照组(P<0.05);治疗后两组SDNN、SDANN、rMSSD、pNN50提升,观察组SDNN、SDANN、rMSSD、pNN50水平(145.35±21.80)ms、(130.68±19.60)ms、(43.75±6.56)ms及(13.12±1.96)%,均高于对照组(P<0.05);观察组不良反应发生率3.75%,低与对照组的13.75%(P<0.05)。结论对肝胆郁热型PVC患者采用柴胡加龙骨牡蛎汤治疗,推动中医证候积分下降,显著改善患者各种临床症状和功能,促进心率变异性指标水平的提高,同时也有利于降低不良反应发生率。

关键词：室性期前收缩柴胡加龙骨牡蛎汤肝胆郁热心功能

The relationship between compartment models and their stochastic counterparts:A comparative study with examples of the COVID-19 epidemic modeling

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Journal of Biomedical Research 2024年第2期38卷 175-188,I0016-I0018页

作者： Ziyu zhao Yi Zhou Jinxing Guan yan yan Jing zhao Zhihang Peng feng Chen yang zhao Fang Shao Department of Biostatistics School of Public HealthNanjing Medical UniversityNanjingJiangsu 211166China Nanjing Hanwei Public Health Research Institute Co. LtdNanjingJiangsu 210005China China International Cooperation Center for Environment and Human Health Center for Global HealthNanjing Medical UniversityNanjingJiangsu 211166China The Center of Biomedical Big Data and the Laboratory of Biomedical Big Data Nanjing Medical UniversityNanjingJiangsu 211166China Jiangsu Key Lab of Cancer Biomarkers Prevention and TreatmentCollaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Personalized MedicineNanjing Medical UniversityNanjingJiangsu 211166China

Deterministic compartment models(CMs)and stochastic models,including stochastic CMs and agent-based models,are widely utilized in epidemic modeling.However,the relationship between CMs and their corresponding stochastic models is not well understood.The present study aimed to address this gap by conducting a comparative study using the susceptible,exposed,infectious,and recovered(SEIR)model and its extended CMs from the coronavirus disease 2019 modeling literature.We demonstrated the equivalence of the numerical solution of CMs using the Euler scheme and their stochastic counterparts through theoretical analysis and simulations.Based on this equivalence,we proposed an efficient model calibration method that could replicate the exact solution of CMs in the corresponding stochastic models through parameter adjustment.The advancement in calibration techniques enhanced the accuracy of stochastic modeling in capturing the dynamics of epidemics.However,it should be noted that discrete-time stochastic models cannot perfectly reproduce the exact solution of continuous-time CMs.Additionally,we proposed a new stochastic compartment and agent mixed model as an alternative to agent-based models for large-scale population simulations with a limited number of agents.This model offered a balance between computational efficiency and accuracy.The results of this research contributed to the comparison and unification of deterministic CMs and stochastic models in epidemic modeling.Furthermore,the results had implications for the development of hybrid models that integrated the strengths of both frameworks.Overall,the present study has provided valuable epidemic modeling techniques and their practical applications for understanding and controlling the spread of infectious diseases.

关键词： compartment models agent-based models compartment-agent mixed models comparative study COVID-19

Caseinolytic mitochondrial matrix peptidase X is essential for homologous chromosome synapsis and recombination during meiosis of male mouse germ cells

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2024年第2期26卷 165-174页

作者： Hai-Wei feng Yu zhao yan-Ling Gao Dong-Teng Liu Li-Jun Huo Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Genetics Breeding and ReproductionEducation Ministry of ChinaCollege of Animal Science and TechnologyHuazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhan 430070China Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Fertility Regulation Reproductive Medicine CenterThe University of Hong Kong-Shenzhen HospitalShenzhen 518053China Maternal-Fetal Medicine Institute Department of Obstetrics and GynaecologyShenzhen Baoan Women's and Children's HospitalJinan UniversityShenzhen 518100China Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology Li Ka Shing Faculty of MedicineThe University of Hong KongHong Kong SARChina

Meiosis is the process of producing haploid gametes through a series of complex chromosomal events and the coordinated action of various proteins.The mitochondrial protease complex(ClpXP),which consists of caseinolytic mitochondrial matrix peptidase X(ClpX)and caseinolytic protease P(ClpP)and mediates the degradation of misfolded,damaged,and oxidized proteins,is essential for maintaining mitochondrial homeostasis.ClpXP has been implicated in meiosis regulation,but its precise role is currently unknown.In this study,we engineered an inducible male germ cell-specific knockout caseinolytic mitochondrial matrix peptidase X(Clpx^(cKO))mouse model to investigate the function of ClpX in meiosis.We found that disrupting Clpx in male mice induced germ cell apoptosis and led to an absence of sperm in the epididymis.Specifically,it caused asynapsis of homologous chromosomes and impaired meiotic recombination,resulting in meiotic arrest in the zygotene-to-pachytene transition phase.The loss of ClpX compromised the double-strand break(DSB)repair machinery by markedly reducing the recruitment of DNA repair protein RAD51 homolog 1(RAD51)to DSB sites.This dysfunction may be due to an insufficient supply of energy from the aberrant mitochondria in Clpx^(cKO) spermatocytes,as discerned by electron microscopy.Furthermore,ubiquitination signals on chromosomes and the expression of oxidative phosphorylation subunits were both significantly attenuated in Clpx^(cKO) spermatocytes.Taken together,we propose that ClpX is essential for maintaining mitochondrial protein homeostasis and ensuring homologous chromosome pairing,synapsis,and recombination in spermatocytes during meiotic prophase I.

关键词： ClpX homologous chromosome meiosis mitochondrial recombination synapsis

Current status of Mycoplasma pneumoniae infection in China

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World Journal of Pediatrics 2024年第1期20卷 1-4页

作者： Chao yan Guan-Hua Xue Han-Qing zhao yan-Ling feng Jing-Hua Cui Jing Yuan Department of Bacteriology Capital Institute of PediatricsNo.2Yabao RoadBeijing 100020People's Republicof China

Mycoplasma pneumoniae(M.pneumoniae)is one of the most important pathogens for community-acquired pneumonia worldwide,especially in children and adolescents[1,2].M.pneumoniae is easily transmitted through droplets or direct contact in densely populated,enclosed,or poorly ventilated environments.The incubation period is 1-3 weeks,and it is contagious from the incubation period to a few weeks after clinical symptom relief.M.pneumoniae infection can occur in any season,and there are differences in the epidemic seasons among regions in China[3].The most suitable culture temperature for M.pneumoniae is between 35℃C and 37 C,and therefore,hot weather may make it survive longer in the environment and spread further.Infection is more common in autumn and winter in northern China,while it is more prevalent in summer and autumn in southern China.

关键词： winter weather autumn

Optimal V_(2)O_(3) extraction by sustainable vanadate electrolysis in molten salts

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Tungsten 2024年第1期6卷 141-149页

作者： Bao-yan feng Zhong-Hua zhao Yong-Zheng Jia Jia-Liang An Ming-Yong Wang State Key Laboratory of Advanced Metallurgy University of Science and Technology BeijingBeijing 100083China Beijing Key Laboratory of Green Recovery and Extraction of Rare and Precious Metals University of Science and Technology BeijingBeijing 100083China

Recently,an environmentally friendly electrolysis process of soluble vanadates is proposed and successfully confirmed for V_(2)O_(3) extraction.In this paper,the solubilities of various vanadates(i.e.NaVO_(3),Na_(4)V_(2)O_(7) and Na_(3)VO_(4))in NaCl molten salt are measured.The dependences of V_(2)O_(3) extraction on vanadate form,anode material and molten salt system are studied.A long-term electrolysis is carried out.The result indicates that the solubilities of all vanadates are high and meet electrolytic requirements.Compared to Na_(4)V_(2)O_(7) and Na_(3)VO_(4),NaVO_(3) exhibits larger current efficiency and lower electricity consumption.By using SnO_(2) anode instead of graphite anode,the current efficiency of NaVO_(3) electrolysis can be increased to 58.1%and carbon pollution is avoided at 700℃.The extraction rate of V_(2)O_(3) reaches 81.3%after long-term electrolysis of 51 h.This work optimizes the electrochemical preparation process of V_(2)O_(3) from various vanadates and contributes to the improvement of current efficiency and extraction rate.

关键词： Molten salt electrolysis Vanadate Vanadium trioxide Current efficiency

Effect of Mn content on microstructure and properties of AlCrCuFeMnx high-entropy alloy

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China Foundry 2024年第2期21卷 147-158页

作者： Ning Wang Kai Ma Qiu-da Li Yu-dong Yuan yan-chun zhao Li feng School of Materials Science and Engineering Lanzhou University of TechnologyLanzhou 730050China State Key Laboratory of Advanced Processing and Reuse of Nonferrous Metals Lanzhou 730050China CNNC Nuclear Power Operation and Management Co. Ltd.Haiyan 314300ZhejiangChina

AlCrCuFeMnx(x=0,0.5,1,1.5,and 2)high-entropy alloys were prepared using the vacuum arc melting technology.The microstructure and mechanical properties of AlCrCuFeMnxwere analyzed and tested by XRD,SEM,TEM,nanoindentation,and electronic universal testing.The results indicate that the AlCrCuFeMnxhigh-entropy alloy exhibits a dendritic structure,consisting of dendrites with a BCC structure,interdendrite regions with an FCC structure,and precipitates with an ordered BCC structure that form within the dendrite.Manganese(Mn)has a strong affinity for dendritic,interdendritic,and precipitate structures,allowing it to easily enter these areas.With an increase in Mn content,the size of the precipitated nanoparticles in the dendritic region initially increases and then decreases.Similarly,the area fraction initially decreases and then increases.Additionally,the alloy’s strength and wear resistance decrease,while its plasticity increases.The Al Cr Cu Fe Mn1.5alloy boasts excellent mechanical properties,including a hardness of 360 HV and a wear rate of 2.4×10^(-5)mm^(3)·N^(-1)·mm^(-1).It also exhibits impressive yield strength,compressive strength,and deformation rates of 960 MPa,1,700 MPa,and 27.5%,respectively.

关键词： high-entropy alloys microstructure mechanical properties wear resistance strengthening mechanisms

Hybrid Hierarchical Particle Swarm Optimization with Evolutionary Artificial Bee Colony Algorithm for Task Scheduling in Cloud Computing

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2024年第1期78卷 1135-1156页

作者： Shasha zhao Huanwen yan Qifeng Lin Xiangnan feng He Chen Dengyin Zhang College of Internet of Things Nanjing University of Posts and TelecommunicationsNanjing210003China Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Broadband Wireless Communication and Internet of Things Nanjing University of Posts and TelecommunicationsNanjing210003China Tongding Interconnection Information Co. Ltd.Suzhou215000China

Task scheduling plays a key role in effectively managing and allocating computing resources to meet various computing tasks in a cloud computing environment.Short execution time and low load imbalance may be the challenges for some algorithms in resource scheduling scenarios.In this work,the Hierarchical Particle Swarm Optimization-Evolutionary Artificial Bee Colony Algorithm(HPSO-EABC)has been proposed,which hybrids our presented Evolutionary Artificial Bee Colony(EABC),and Hierarchical Particle Swarm Optimization(HPSO)algorithm.The HPSO-EABC algorithm incorporates both the advantages of the HPSO and the EABC algorithm.Comprehensive testing including evaluations of algorithm convergence speed,resource execution time,load balancing,and operational costs has been done.The results indicate that the EABC algorithm exhibits greater parallelism compared to the Artificial Bee Colony algorithm.Compared with the Particle Swarm Optimization algorithm,the HPSO algorithmnot only improves the global search capability but also effectively mitigates getting stuck in local optima.As a result,the hybrid HPSO-EABC algorithm demonstrates significant improvements in terms of stability and convergence speed.Moreover,it exhibits enhanced resource scheduling performance in both homogeneous and heterogeneous environments,effectively reducing execution time and cost,which also is verified by the ablation experimental.

关键词： Cloud computing distributed processing evolutionary artificial bee colony algorithm hierarchical particle swarm optimization load balancing

High-efficiency crystalline white organic lightemitting diodes

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Light(Science & Applications) 2024年第4期13卷 747-759页

作者： Yijun Liu feng Zhu Yue Wang Donghang yan State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry Changchun Institute of Applied ChemistryChinese Academy of SciencesChangchun 130022China. School of Applied Chemistry and Engineering University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026China. State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials Jilin UniversityChangchun 130012China

Crystalline white organic light-emitting diodes(C-WOLEDs)are promising candidates for lighting and display applications.It is urgently necessary,however,to develop energy-saving and high-efficiency C-WOLEDs that have stable and powerful emission to meet commercial demands.Here,we report a crystalline host matrix(CHM)with embedded nanoaggregates(NA)structure for developing high-performance C-WOLEDs by employing a thermally activated delayed fluorescence(TADF)material and orange phosphorescent dopants(Phos.-D).The CHM-TADFNA-D WOLED exhibit a remarkable EQE of 12.8%,which is the highest performance WOLEDs based on crystalline materials.The device has a quick formation of excitons and a well-designed energy transfer process,and possesses a fast ramping of luminance and current density.Compared to recently reported high-performance WOLEDs based on amorphous material route,the C-WOLED achieves a low series-resistance Joule-heat loss ratio and an enhanced photon output,demonstrating its significant potential in developing the next-generation WOLEDs.

关键词： diodes dopant crystalline