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Chiral helically grooved gold nanoarrows for concurrently enhancing oxygen and hydrogen evolution from electrochemical water splitting

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Science China Chemistry 2024年第11期67卷 3767-3776页

作者： Lufei Huang Tao Wang Ying Li ping Wang Rui Tian Baowen Zhou lin Yao China-UK Low Carbon College Shanghai Jiao Tong University Electron Microscopy Laboratory School of Physics Peking University State Key Laboratory for Mesoscopic Physics and Frontiers Science Center for Nano-optoelectronics School of Physics Peking University Key Laboratory for Power Machinery and Engineering of Ministry of Education Research Center for Renewable Synthetic FuelSchool of Mechanical Engineering Shanghai Jiao Tong University

Electrocatalytic water splitting shows a tremendous promise for storing green and intermittent electricity into storable fuels,paving a sustainable way toward carbon neutrality. The exploration of a bifunctional electrocatalyst for simultaneously enhancing oxygen evolution reaction and hydrogen evolution reaction is at the core yet remains a grand challenge, especially operated in the same electrolyte. In this work, mesoscale gold nanoarrows with special chiral morphology are synthesized for electrocatalytic water splitting. In the same electrolyte of 1 M KOH aqueous solution, the as-designed chiral R-/L-helically grooved gold nanoarrows（R-/L-heli GNAs） demonstrated significantly enhanced performance in both hydrogen evolution reaction and oxygen evolution reaction with overpotentials of 186 and 355 m V at 10 m A cm-2, respectively, compared to the achiral counterpart. For oxygen evolution reaction, the performance is even comparable to commercial notable metal catalysts,i.e., RuO2, of which the overpotential is 310 m V under the same measured conditions. The spin-polarized conductive atomic force microscope（c-AFM）, finite-difference time-domain simulation, in combination with electrochemical investigations, show that the chirality of R-/L-heli GNAs makes a substantial contribution toward the remarkable performance by enhanced electric field distribution for hydrogen evolution reaction and by tuning the spin states of the electrons for oxygen evolution *** study presents an encouraging strategy for simultaneously promoting hydrogen evolution reaction and oxygen evolution reaction that operated in the same electrolyte by imparting chirality toward a mesoscale inorganic electrocatalyst, showing a grand promise for opening up a new way for electrocatalytic water splitting toward green hydrogen.

关键词： chirality electron spin water splitting hydrogen evolution reaction oxygen evolution reaction

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Generation and regulation of electromagnetic pulses generated by femtosecond lasers interacting with multitargets

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Nuclear Science and Techniques 2024年第1期35卷 96-107页

作者： Ya-Dong Xia De-Feng Kong Qiang-You He Zhen Guo Dong-Jun Zhang Tong yang Hao Cheng Yu-Ze Li yang yan Xiao Liang ping Zhu Xing-Long Xie Jian-Qiang Zhu Ting-Shuai Li Chen lin Wen-Jun Ma Xue-Qing yan State Key Laboratory of Nuclear Physics and Technology and Key Laboratory of HEDP of the Ministry of EducationCAPTPeking UniversityBeijing 100871China Beijing Laser Acceleration Innovation Center Beijing 101407China Institute of Guangdong Laser Plasma Technology Guangzhou 510540China National Laboratory on High Power Laser and Physics Shanghai Institute of Optics and FineChinese Academy of SciencesShanghai 201800China School of Materials and Energy University of Electronic Science and Technology of ChinaChengdu 611731China

Ultrashort and powerful laser interactions with a target generate intense wideband electromagnetic pulses(EMPs).In this study,we report EMPs generated by the interactions between petawatt(30 fs,1.4×10^(20) W/cm^(2))femtosecond(fs)lasers with metal flat,plastic flat,and plastic nanowire-array(NWA)*** analyses are conducted on the EMPs in terms of their spatial distribution,time and frequency domains,radiation energy,and *** results indicate that EMPs from metal targets exhibit larger amplitudes at varying angles than those generated by other types of targets and are enhanced significantly for NWA *** a plastic target holder and increasing the laser focal spot can significantly decrease the radiation energy of the ***,the composite shielding materials indicate an effective shielding effect against *** simulation results show that the NWA targets exert a collimating effect on thermal electrons,which directly affects the distribution of *** study provides guidance for regulating EMPs by controlling the laser focal spot,target parameters,and target rod material and is beneficial for electromagnetic-shielding design.

关键词： Electromagnetic pulses Laser plasma interaction Electromagnetic shielding Electron distribution

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A passive wireless surface acoustic wave(SAW)sensor system for detecting warfare agents based on fluoroalcohol polysiloxane film

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Microsystems & Nanoengineering 2024年第1期10卷 67-78页

作者： Yong Pan Cancan yan Xu Gao Junchao yang Tengxiao Guo lin Zhang Wen Wang State Key Laboratory of NBC Protection for Civil Beijing 102205China Institute of Acoustics Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China The School of Electronic Electrical and Communication EngineeringUniversity of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China

Long-term monitoring of environmental warfare agengts is a challenge for chemical gas *** address this issue,we developed a 433 MHz passive wireless surface acoustic wave(WSAW)gas sensor for dimethyl methylphosphonate(DMMP)*** WSAW gas sensor includes a YZ lithium niobate(linbO_(3))substrate with metallic interdigital transducers(IDTs)etched on it,and an antenna was placed near the IDT.A DMMP-sensitive viscoelastic polymer fluoroalcoholpolysiloxane(SXFA)film was prepared on a linbO_(3) substrate,and mode modeling coupling was used to optimize the design *** sensor can function properly in an environments between−30℃ and 100℃ with humidity less than 60%*** the wireless transmission distance was within the range of 0-90 cm,the sensor noise increased with distance,and the stability was less than 32°/*** optimizing the film thickness of SXFA,a relationship was observed between sensor sensitivity and film *** the film thickness of SXFA reached 450 nm,the optimal value was *** a distance of 20 cm between the transmitting and receiving antennas,DMMP was detected at different concentrations with the developed WSAW gas *** lower detection limit of DMMP was 0.48 mg/m^(3),the sensitivity of the sensor was 4.63°/(mg/m^(3)),and repeatable performance of the sensor was confirmed.

关键词： film alcohol passive

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Prediction of solar activities:Sunspot numbers and solar magnetic synoptic maps

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Science China Earth Sciences 2024年第8期67卷 2460-2477页

作者： Rui ZHUO Jiansen HE Die DUAN Rong lin Ziqi WU Limei yan Yong WEI School of Earth and Space Sciences Peking UniversityBeijing 100091China College of Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies National University of Defense TechnologyChangsha 410073China Centre for Mathematical Plasma Astrophysics Department of MathematicsKU LeuvenLeuven 3001Belgium Key Laboratory of Earth and Planetary Physics Institute of Geology and GeophysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100029China College of Earth and Planetary Sciences University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China

The evolution of solar magnetic fields is significant for understanding and predicting solar *** our knowledge of solar magnetic fields largely depends on the photospheric magnetic *** this paper,based on the spherical harmonic expansion of the photospheric magnetic field observed by Wilcox Solar Observatory,we analyze the time series of spherical harmonic coefficients and predict Sunspot Number as well as synoptic maps for Solar Cycle *** find that solar maximum years have complex short-period disturbances,and the time series of coefficient g_(7)~0 is nearly in-phase with Sunspot Number,which may be related to solar meridional *** Long Short-Term Memory networks(LSTM),our prediction suggests that the maximum of Solar Cycle 25 is likely to occur in June 2024 with an error of 8 months,the peak sunspot number may be 166.9±22.6,and the next solar minimum may occur around January *** incorporating Empirical Mode Decomposition,we enhance our forecast of synoptic maps truncated to Order 5,validating their relative *** prediction not only addresses a gap in forecasting the global distribution of the solar magnetic field but also holds potential reference value for forthcoming solar observation plans.

关键词： Solar activity prediction Solar magnetic field Spherical harmonic expansion Long-Short Term Memory(LSTM) Empirical Mode Decomposition(EMD)

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Deep learning CNN-APSO-LSSVM hybrid fusion model for feature optimization and gas-bearing prediction

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Petroleum Science 2024年第4期21卷 2329-2344页

作者： Jiu-Qiang yang Nian-Tian lin Kai Zhang yan Cui Chao Fu Dong Zhang College of Earth Sciences and Engineering Shandong University of Science and Technology Laboratory for Marine Mineral Resources Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology Transportation Institute of Inner Mongolia University Key Laboratory of Gas Hydrate Qingdao Institute of Marine Geology Ministry of Natural Resources

Conventional machine learning(CML) methods have been successfully applied for gas reservoir prediction. Their prediction accuracy largely depends on the quality of the sample data; therefore, feature optimization of the input samples is particularly important. Commonly used feature optimization methods increase the interpretability of gas reservoirs; however, their steps are cumbersome, and the selected features cannot sufficiently guide CML models to mine the intrinsic features of sample data efficiently. In contrast to CML methods, deep learning(DL) methods can directly extract the important features of targets from raw data. Therefore, this study proposes a feature optimization and gas-bearing prediction method based on a hybrid fusion model that combines a convolutional neural network(CNN)and an adaptive particle swarm optimization-least squares support vector machine(APSO-LSSVM). This model adopts an end-to-end algorithm structure to directly extract features from sensitive multicomponent seismic attributes, considerably simplifying the feature optimization. A CNN was used for feature optimization to highlight sensitive gas reservoir information. APSO-LSSVM was used to fully learn the relationship between the features extracted by the CNN to obtain the prediction results. The constructed hybrid fusion model improves gas-bearing prediction accuracy through two processes of feature optimization and intelligent prediction, giving full play to the advantages of DL and CML methods. The prediction results obtained are better than those of a single CNN model or APSO-LSSVM model. In the feature optimization process of multicomponent seismic attribute data, CNN has demonstrated better gas reservoir feature extraction capabilities than commonly used attribute optimization methods. In the prediction process, the APSO-LSSVM model can learn the gas reservoir characteristics better than the LSSVM model and has a higher prediction accuracy. The constructed CNN-APSO-LSSVM mode

关键词： Multicomponent seismic data Deep learning Adaptive particle swarm optimization Convolutional neural network Least squares support vector machine Feature optimization Gas-bearing distribution prediction

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Achieving robust synthetic tolerance in industrial *** through negative auto-regulation of a DsrA-Hfq module

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Synthetic and Systems Biotechnology 2024年第3期9卷 462-469页

作者： Xiaofeng yang Jingduan yang Haozheng Huang Xiaofang yan Xiaofan Li Zhanglin lin School of Biology and Biological Engineering South China University of TechnologyGuangzhou510006China School of Biomedicine Guangdong University of TechnologyGuangzhou 510006China

In industrial fermentation processes,microorganisms often encounter acid stress,which significantly impact their *** study focused on the acid-resistant module composed of small RNA(sRNA)DsrA and the sRNA chaperone *** previous study had shown that this module improved the cell growth of Escherichia coli MG1655 at low pH,but failed to obtain this desired phenotype in industrial ***,we performed a quantitative analysis of DsrA-Hfq module to determine the optimal expression *** then assessed the po-tential of the CymR-based negative auto-regulation(NAR)circuit for industrial application,under different media,strains and pH *** assay at pH 4.5 revealed that NAR-05D04H circuit was the best acid-resistant circuit to improve the cell growth of *** *** circuit was robust and worked well in the industrial lysine-producing strain *** SCEcL3 at a starting pH of 6.8 and without pH control,resulting in a 250%increase in lysine titer and comparable biomass in shaking flask fermentation compared to the parent *** study showed the practical application of NAR circuit in regulating DsrA-Hfq module,effectively and robustly improving the acid tolerance of industrial strains,which provides a new approach for breeding in-dustrial strains with tolerance phenotype.

关键词： Acid-resistant Synthetic tolerance DsrA-Hfq Negative auto-regulation Robustness

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Hybrid Hierarchical Particle Swarm Optimization with Evolutionary Artificial Bee Colony Algorithm for Task Scheduling in Cloud Computing

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2024年第1期78卷 1135-1156页

作者： Shasha Zhao Huanwen yan Qifeng lin Xiangnan Feng He Chen Dengyin Zhang College of Internet of Things Nanjing University of Posts and TelecommunicationsNanjing210003China Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Broadband Wireless Communication and Internet of Things Nanjing University of Posts and TelecommunicationsNanjing210003China Tongding Interconnection Information Co. Ltd.Suzhou215000China

Task scheduling plays a key role in effectively managing and allocating computing resources to meet various computing tasks in a cloud computing *** execution time and low load imbalance may be the challenges for some algorithms in resource scheduling *** this work,the Hierarchical Particle Swarm Optimization-Evolutionary Artificial Bee Colony Algorithm(HPSO-EABC)has been proposed,which hybrids our presented Evolutionary Artificial Bee Colony(EABC),and Hierarchical Particle Swarm Optimization(HPSO)*** HPSO-EABC algorithm incorporates both the advantages of the HPSO and the EABC *** testing including evaluations of algorithm convergence speed,resource execution time,load balancing,and operational costs has been *** results indicate that the EABC algorithm exhibits greater parallelism compared to the Artificial Bee Colony *** with the Particle Swarm Optimization algorithm,the HPSO algorithmnot only improves the global search capability but also effectively mitigates getting stuck in local *** a result,the hybrid HPSO-EABC algorithm demonstrates significant improvements in terms of stability and convergence ***,it exhibits enhanced resource scheduling performance in both homogeneous and heterogeneous environments,effectively reducing execution time and cost,which also is verified by the ablation experimental.

关键词： Cloud computing distributed processing evolutionary artificial bee colony algorithm hierarchical particle swarm optimization load balancing

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Reaction Mechanism of Actin ATP Hydrolysis Studied by QM/MM Calculations

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Chemical Research in Chinese Universities 2024年第5期40卷 849-855页

作者： WANG Yiwen lin Lirui XU Li-yan LI En-Min DONG Geng Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Shantou University Medical CollegeShantou515041P.R.China Department of Bioinformatics Shantou University Medical CollegeShantou515041P.R.China Medical Informatics Research Center Shantou University Medical CollegeShantou515041P.R.China Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology in High Cancer Incidence Coastal Area of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes Shantou University Medical CollegeShantou515041P.R.China Cancer Research Center Shantou University Medical CollegeShantou515041P.R.China Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Infectious Diseases and Molecular Immunopathology Shantou University Medical CollegeShantou515041P.R.China

Actin fibers are an important part of the cytoskeleton,providing vital support for the plasma *** function is driven by its ATPase(ATP:adenosine triphosphate)activity,i.e.,ATP+H_(2)O→ADP+*** seemingly simple reaction has attracted much attention because the hydrolysis of ATP provides energy to support life ***,the reaction mechanism of ATP hydrolysis in actin is not *** order to gain deep insights into the functions of actin,it is essential to elucidate the reaction mechanism of the actin ATP *** this paper,we have studied the reaction mechanism of the ATP hydrolysis in actin by the combined quantum mechanical and molecular mechanics(QM/MM)*** results show that 1)bond cleavage of the Pγ—OS of ATP and bond formation between oxygen of the lytic water and Pγatoms take place simultaneously,and this is the rate-limiting step of the hydrolysis;2)the proton on the lytic water transfers to the phosphate to form H_(2)P_(γ)O_(4)−via one bridge *** energy barrier of the complete reaction is 17.6 kcal/mol(1 kcal=4.184 kJ),which is in high agreement with the experimental value.

关键词： Actin Adenosine triphosphate(ATP)hydrolysis Quantum mechanical and molecular mechanics(QM/MM) Reaction mechanism

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Intestinal microecological transplantation for a patient with chronic radiation enteritis:A case report

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2024年第19期30卷 2603-2611页

作者： lin Wang yan Li Yu-Jing Zhang Li-Hua Peng Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology The First Medical CenterChinese PLA General HospitalBeijing 100853China Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Chinese PLA Medical SchoolBeijing 100853China

BACKGROUND The gut microbiota is strongly associated with radiation-induced gut *** study aimed to assess the effectiveness and safety of intestinal microecological transplantation for treating patients with chronic radiation *** SUMMARY A 64-year-old female with cervical cancer developed abdominal pain,diarrhea,and blood in the stool 1 year after *** electronic colonoscopy was performed to diagnose chronic radiation *** courses of intestinal microecological transplantation and full-length 16S rRNA microbiological analysis were *** patient experienced short-and long-term relief from symptoms without adverse *** 16S rRNA sequencing revealed significant differences in the intestinal flora’s composition between patient and healthy *** bacteria,such as Escherichia fergusonii and Romboutsia timonensis,were more in the *** bacteria such as Faecalibacterium prausnitzii,Fusicatenibacter saccharivorans,Ruminococcus bromii,and Bifidobacterium longum were more in the healthy *** microbiota transplantation resulted in a significant change in the patient's intestinal flora *** composition converged with the donor's flora,with an increase in core beneficial intestinal bacteria,such as Eubacterium rectale,and a decrease in pathogenic *** in the intestinal flora corresponded with the patients'alleviating clinical *** Intestinal microecological transplantation is an effective treatment for relieving the clinical symptoms of chronic radiation enteritis by altering the composition of the intestinal *** study provides a new approach for treating patients with chronic radiation enteritis.

关键词： Chronic radiation enteritis Gut microbial transplantation Intestinal microecology Cancer Quality of life Case report

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Alterations of sleep deprivation on brain function:A coordinatebased resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging metaanalysis

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World Journal of Psychiatry 2024年第2期14卷 315-329页

作者： Qin Zhang Yong-Zhe Hou Hui Ding yan-ping Shu Jing Li Xi-Zhao Chen Jia-lin Li Qin Lou Dai-Xing Wang Department of Radiology The Second People’s Hospital of Guizhou ProvinceGuiyang 550000Guizhou ProvinceChina Department of Radiology Guizhou Provincial People’s HospitalGuiyang 550000Guizhou ProvinceChina Department of Psychiatry of Women and Children The Second People’s Hospital of Guizhou ProvinceGuiyang 550000Guizhou ProvinceChina Medical Humanities College Guizhou Medical UniversityGuiyang 550000Guizhou ProvinceChina

BACKGROUND Sleep deprivation is a prevalent issue that impacts cognitive *** numerous neuroimaging studies have explored the neural correlates of sleep loss,inconsistencies persist in the reported results,necessitating an investigation into the consistent brain functional changes resulting from sleep *** To establish the consistency of brain functional alterations associated with sleep deprivation through systematic searches of neuroimaging *** metaanalytic methods,signed differential mapping(SDM)and activation likelihood estimation(ALE),were employed to analyze functional magnetic resonance imaging(fMRI)*** A systematic search performed according to PRISMA guidelines was conducted across multiple databases through July 29,*** that met specific inclusion criteria,focused on healthy subjects with acute sleep deprivation and reported whole-brain functional data in English were considered.A total of 21 studies were selected for SDM and ALE *** Twenty-one studies,including 23 experiments and 498 subjects,were *** to pre-sleep deprivation,post-sleep deprivation brain function was associated with increased gray matter in the right corpus callosum and decreased activity in the left medial frontal gyrus and left inferior parietal *** revealed increased brain functional activity in the left striatum and right central posterior gyrus and decreased activity in the right cerebellar gyrus,left middle frontal gyrus,corpus callosum,and right *** This meta-analysis consistently identified brain regions affected by sleep deprivation,notably the left medial frontal gyrus and corpus callosum,shedding light on the neuropathology of sleep deprivation and offering insights into its neurological impact.

关键词： Sleep deprivation Resting-state-functional magnetic resonance imaging Activation likelihood estimation-meta Signed differential mapping-meta

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