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Engineering classification recycling of spent lithium-ion batteries through pretreatment:a comprehensive review from laboratory to scale-up application

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Rare Metals 2024年第3期43卷 915-941页

作者： Shu-Xuan yan You-Zhou jiang Xiang-Ping Chen Lu Yuan Ting-Ting Min Yu Cao Wan-li Peng Tao Zhou Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical Power Sources College of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringCentral South UniversityChangsha 410083China College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Hunan Normal UniversityChangsha 410083China School of Public Policy and Management Tsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China China Nonferrous Metal Industry's Foreign Engineering and Construction Co. LtdBeijing 100029China

The lithium-ion batteries(liBs)have been widely equipped in electric/hybrid electric vehicles(EVs/HEVs)and the portable electronics due to their excellent electrochemical ***,a large number of retired liBs that consist of toxic substances(e.g.,heavy metals,electrolytes)and valuable metals(e.g.,li,Co)will inevitably flow into the waste stream,and their incineration or landfill treatment will cause severe risks to ecosystem and human *** sustainable and efficient treatment or recycling of valuable resources from spent liBs should be fully recognized for environmental and resource *** one of the most important processes for spent liBs recycling,the pretreatment is an indispensable step,which is directly related to the subsequent metal extraction and separation *** considerable progresses have been made regarding the pretreatment technologies,there are few summarized reports concerning critical processes of spent liBs recycling,especially combination of currently available recycling technologies with industrialized applications during ***,comprehensive review of the current prevailing pretreatment technologies in laboratory to existing scale-up applications is quite necessary to reveal cutting-edge development in the field of *** this review,the current pretreatment technologies are systematically categorized and introduced,along with critical *** review focused on the various options for pretreatment processes itself,instead of general spent liBs recycling technologies without the focused topics that have been sophisticatedly reviewed by previous ***,the deactivation,discharge,dismantling,separation,liberation of active material and electrolyte treatment have been summarized with the in-depth discussion of the technology development and current status of each ***,current states of industrial development are also reviewed and discussed for the development of

关键词： Spent lithium-ion batteries(liBs) Recycling Pretreatment Valuable metals Cutting-edge technologies Industrialized application

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An extended numerical model of the first exothermic peak for three dimensional printed cement-based materials

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Frontiers of Structural and Civil Engineering 2024年第1期18卷 80-88页

作者： Wei jiang Wenqian li Xi CHEN School of Materials Science and Engineering Tongji UniversityShanghai 200092China School of Civil Engineering Tongji UniversityShanghai 200092China

The first exothermic peak of cement-based material occurs a few minutes after mixing,and the properties of three dimensional(3D)printed concrete,such as setting time,are very sensitive to *** this background,based on the classical Park cement exothermic model of hydration,we propose and construct a numerical model of the first exothermic peak,taking into account the proportions of C_(3)S,C_(3)A and quicklime in *** calculated parameters are calibrated by means of relevant published exothermic test *** is found that this developed model offers a good simulation of the first exothermic peak of hydration for C_(3)S and C_(3)A proportions from 0 to 100% of cement clinker and reflects the effect of quicklime content at 8%-10%.The unique value of this research is provision of an important computational tool for applications that are sensitive to the first exothermic peak of hydration,such as 3D printing.

关键词： 3D printed cement-based materials cement hydration the first exothermic peak liquid quick-setting agent numerical model

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Simultaneous Bulk-and Surface-initiated living Polymerization Studied with a Heterogeneous Stochastic Reaction Model

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Chinese Journal of Polymer Science 2024年第3期42卷 364-372,I0008页

作者： Jia-Shu Ma Zhi-Ning Huang Jia-Hao li Bang-Ping jiang yan-Da liao Shi-Chen Ji Xing-Can Shen State Key Laboratory for Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources Key Laboratory for Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources(Ministry of Education of China)School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical SciencesGuangxi Normal UniversityGuilin 541004China School of Computer Science and Engineering&School of Software Guangxi Normal UniversityGuilin 541004China

To better characterize the properties of surface-initiated polymers, simultaneous bulk-and surface-initiated polymerizations are usually carried out by assuming that the properties of the surface-initiated polymers resemble those of the bulk-initiated polymers. Through a Monte Carlo simulation using a heterogeneous stochastic reaction model, it was discovered that the bulk-initiated polymers exhibit a higher molecular weight and a lower dispersity than the corresponding surface-initiated polymers, which indicates that the equivalent assumption is invalid. Furthermore, the molecular weight distributions of the two types of polymers are also different, suggesting different polymerization mechanisms. The results can be simply explained by the heterogeneous distributions of reactants in the system. This study is helpful to better understand surface-initiated polymerization.

关键词： Surface-initiated polymerization Polymer brush Stochastic reaction model Heterogeneous polymerization Simultaneous polymerization

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Synergistic catalysis of the N-hydroxyphthalimide on flower-like bimetallic metal-organic frameworks for boosting oxidative desulfurization

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Petroleum Science 2024年第1期21卷 674-682页

作者： Jing He Kun Zhu Wei jiang Dong-Ao Zhu lin-Hua Zhu Hai-yan Huang Wen-Shuai Zhu Hua-Ming li Institute for Energy Research Jiangsu UniversityZhenjiang212013JiangsuChina College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Hainan Normal UniversityKey Laboratory of Water Pollution Treatment and Resource Reuse of Hainan ProvinceHaikou571158HainanChina

Synergic catalytic effect between active sites and supports greatly determines the catalytic activity for the aerobic oxidative desulfurization of fuel *** this work,Ni-doped Co-based bimetallic metal-organic framework(CoNi-MOF)is fabricated to disperse N-hydroxyphthalimide(NHPI),in which the whole catalyst provides plentiful synergic catalytic effect to improve the performance of oxidative desulfurization(ODS).As a bimetallic MOF,the second metal Ni doping results in the flower-like morphology and the modification of electronic properties,which ensure the exposure of NHPI and strengthen the synergistic effect of the overall *** with the monometallic Co-MOF and naked NHPI,the NHPI@CoNi-MOF triggers the efficient activation of molecular oxygen and improves the ODS performance without an *** sulfur removal of dibenzothiophene-based model oil reaches 96.4%over the NHPI@CoNi-MOF catalyst in 8 h of ***,the catalytic product of this aerobic ODS reaction is sulfone,which is adsorbed on the catalyst surface due to the difference in *** work provides new insight and strategy for the design of a strong synergic catalytic effect between NHPI and bimetallic supports toward high-activity aerobic ODS materials.

关键词： Metal-organic frameworks Doped Bimetallic N-hydroxyphthalimide Aerobic processes Oxidative desulfurization

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Particles attrition of binary mixtures in the coal-fueled chemical looping system based on fluidized bed

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Particuology 2024年第3期86卷 281-290页

作者： Heyu li Zhe Sun yan Cao Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion Chinese Academy of SciencesGuangzhou 510640China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Bejing 100049China CAS Key Laboratory of Renewable Energy Guangzhou 510640China Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New and Renewable Energy Research and Development Guangzhou 510640China College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Anhui UniversityHefei230601China

In this work,a reactive air jet attrition device with auto-recording and collection of elutriated fines was *** established insights into the physiochemical interaction and further correlated attrition behaviors between char and oxygen carriers under various operation *** attrition rate increased by over 110% upon the introduced CO_(2),which brought in the significant effect of thermo-chemical stress,similarly in effects of the increased char addition ratio and the decreased sizes of char or hematite in different *** the char-hematite co-attrition process,the elutriated carbon loss of char with poor mechanical strength was found to be over 10%,while the reactive iron loss of hematite was found to be 6.3%,and was enriched in elutriated *** reaction-derived thermochemical stress and the collision-derived mechanical stress jointly controls the particle attrition during the cyclic transformation of oxygen carrier particles in coal-fueled chemical looping fluidization,especially sig-nificant in its reduction stage.

关键词： Attrition Binary species Chemical looping Oxygen carrier CO_(2)capture

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A deoxidation thermodynamic model for 304 stainless steel considering multiple-components coupled reactions

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Journal of Iron and Steel Research International 2024年第1期31卷 74-91页

作者： yan yan Guang-hao Shang li-ping Zhang Shao-ying li Han-jie Guo School of Metallurgical and Ecological Engineering University of Science and Technology BeijingBeijing100083China Beijing Key Laboratory of Special Melting and Preparation of High-End Metal Materials Beijing100083China Henan Jinhui Stainless Steel Industry Group Co. Ltd.Xuchang461500HenanChina Changge Jinhui Recycling Metal R&D Co. Ltd.Xuchang461500HenanChina

A thermodynamic model for predicting the equilibrium oxygens of 304 stainless steel was developed based on the theory of slag-steel equilibrium,the law of mass conservation,and the ion and molecule coexistence *** the developed model,the Fe-Cr-Mn-Si-Al-S-O-melts reaction system and CaO-MgO-CaF_(2)-FeO-MnO-Al_(2)O_(3)-SiO_(2)-Cr2O_(3)slags were *** oxygen contents calculated by the model are in good agreement with experimental results and reference *** equilibrium oxygen contents in 304 stainless steel mainly decrease with increasing binary basicity(w(CaO)/w(SiO_(2)),where w(i)is the mass percentage of component i)and decreasing *** binary basicity at 2.0 while maintaining temperatures lower than 1823 K will keep the oxygen contents in the 304 stainless steel lower than 15×10^(-6).The equilibrium oxygen contents may also be decreased with increasing content of MgO in slags,which is more significant at lower binary ***,a small amount of FeO,MnO,and Al_(2)O_(3)(about 0-2.5 wt.%)in slags has little effect on equilibrium oxygen ***,it is found that the[C]-[O]reaction may occur during refining process but will not significantly affect the equilibrium oxygen contents.

关键词： Complex deoxidation Thermodynamic model Ion and molecule coexistence theory 304 stainless steel Slag-steel reaction

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Mass-produced and uniformly luminescent photochromic fibers toward future interactive wearable displays

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light(Science & Applications) 2024年第4期13卷 593-595页

作者： yan li Yikai Su Department of Electronic Engineering Shanghai Jiao Tong University200240 ShanghaiChina

Enabling flexible fibers with light-emitting capabilities has the potential to revolutionize the design of smart wearable interactive devices.A recent publication in light Science&Application,an interdisciplinary team of scientists led by ***-Qing Lu and *** Tao has realized a highly flexible,uniformly luminescent photochromic fiber based on a mass-produced thermal drawing *** overcomes the shortcomings of existing commercial lightdiffusing fibers,exhibiting outstanding one-dimensional linear illumination *** research team integrated controllable photochromic fibers into various wearable interaction interfaces,providing a novel approach and insights to enable human-computer interaction.

关键词： interaction fibers uniformly

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Characteristics of Bi-2223 HTS Tapes Under Short-Circuit Current Impacts in Hybrid Energy Transmission Pipelines

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CSEE Journal of Power and Energy Systems 2024年第2期10卷 736-745页

作者： Yuguang Sun Chao Yin Weizhen li Xinyang li Xiaohua jiang Department of Electric Engineering Tsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China

A hybrid energy transmission pipeline is proposed with the aim of long-distance cooperative transmission of electricity and chemical fuels, which is composed of an inner high-temperature superconducting (HTS) power cable and outer liquefied natural gas (LNG) pipeline. The flowing LNG could maintain the operating temperature of the inner HTS power cable within the range of 85 K-90 K, thus the Bi-2223 superconductors in the HTS power cable produce little Joule loss with the transmission current below the critical current. Owing to the advantages of high power density, low transmission losses and economical manufacturing costs, the hybrid energy transmission pipeline is expected to be widely utilized in the near future. In order to ensure the safety of the HTS power cable and explosive LNG in case of short-circuit faults, this paper tests and analyzes the characteristics of Bi-2223 HTS tapes of the Type HT-CA, Type HT-SS and Type H models under short-circuit current impacts at the LNG cooling temperature (85 K-90 K). An experimental platform is designed and established for the ampacity tests of HTS tapes above LN2 cooling temperature (77 K). The AC over-current impact tests at 85 K-90 K are carried out on each sample of Bi-2223 tapes respectively, and the experimental results are analyzed and compared to evaluate their performances under different operating conditions. The results indicate that the Type HT-CA tape can withstand 50 Hz short-circuit current impact with the amplitude of 1108 A (10 times of critical current Ic ) for 100 ms at 90 K, and its resistance is the smallest of the three tested samples under similar current impacts. Therefore, the Type HT-CA Bi-2223 tape is the optimal superconductor of the HTS power cable in the hybrid energy transmission pipeline.

关键词： Bi-2223 high-temperature superconducting(HTS)tape critical current hybrid energy transmission pipeline liquefied natural gas(LNG)cooling temperature short-circuit current impact characteristics

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Experimental investigation about the incipient velocity of spherical particles on a hemispherical bed surface

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Particuology 2024年第5期88卷 49-61页

作者： Chuannan li Jie Chen Changbo jiang Xie li Zhiyuan Wu School of Hydraulic and Environmental Engineering Changsha University of Science & TechnologyChangsha 410114China Key Laboratory of Dongting Lake Aquatic Eco-Environmental Control and Restoration of Hunan Province Changsha 410114China Key Laboratory of Water-Sediment Sciences and Water Disaster Prevention of Hunan Province Changsha 410114China

The sediment particles play a huge role in shaping the bed load *** this research,240 water-tunnel experiments are carried out to investigate the incipient velocity of the observation particles in two particle *** accurately predict the incipient velocity of the observation particles,the equation is conceived by the rolling instability *** incipient velocity equations and experimental data are used to analyze the trend of dispersive pressure and the effect of arrangement position on *** find that it is appropriate to choose the coefficient of drag as 0.261 and the coefficient of lift as 0.198 for the incipient velocity equation of spherical particles on the hemispherical bed ***,the dispersive pressure is closely related to the flow state,particle size,and particle arrangement,which leads to the incipient velocity of the observation particle being at a minimum when the interference particle angle is 45°.Finally,the particle spacing and the projected area changed with the arrangements,directly affecting the incipient velocity of the observed *** analysis of four aspects for the coefficients,dispersive pressure,different particle spacing,and projected area will facilitate the prediction of particle incipient velocity,especially on hemispherical beds.

关键词： Hemispherical bed surface Observed particle Interference particle Dispersive pressure Incipient velocity

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Surface morphologies of Mg-Gd alloy particle during its reactions with O_(2) and Teflon

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Defence Technology（防务技术） 2024年第3期33卷 209-221页

作者： Yifan li Hongtao yang Aifeng jiang Dongming Song yanchun li Department of Chemical Engineering Nanjing University of Science and TechnologyNanjing 210097China Xi'an Modern Chemistry Research Institute Xi'an 710065China Southwest Technology and Engineering Research Institute Chongqing 400039China

Mg-Gd alloy particle has exhibited its unique combustion properties as the fuel of Mg/Teflon/Viton(MTV).Mg-Gd alloy/Teflon/Viton(MGTV)could burn at lower ambient pressure than *** further investigate the reaction of MGTV in air,it was investigated via thermo gravity-differential scanning calorimetry(TG-DSC).Meanwhile,the morphologies and element distributions on the alloy surface during the reaction of MGTV in air were investigated via scanning electronic microscope-mapping-electronic differential ***,a similar experimental protocol on the Mg-Gd alloy particle during oxidation was also *** results showed that owning to a protective oxide shell,the onset oxidation temperature of Mg-Gd alloy is higher than ***,the onset oxidation temperature of the exceeded Mg-Gd alloy in MGTV is significantly lower than that of the exceeded Mg in *** was due to the existence of GdOF,which could significantly lower the oxidation temperature of the exceeded ***,a possible reaction mechanism was *** fascinating oxidation properties of Mg-Gd alloy suggested its promising applications in energetic materials.

关键词： Mg-Gd alloy Energetic materials Morphology EDS GdOF

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