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Journal of Iron and Steel Research International 2022年第9期29卷 1412-1422页

作者： Shao-wen Wu yan-ling zhang Shuai zhang State Key Laboratory of Advanced Metallurgy University of Science and Technology BeijingBeijing 100083China

The effects of basicities and equilibrium temperatures on the enrichment of chromium in different mineral phases of synthesized argon-oxygen decarburization slags were investigated to understand the Cr concentrating behavior into Mg(Cr,Al)2O4 spinel phase and to determine the leaching stability of Cr-containing *** results showed that when the basicity decreased from 1.0 to 0.6 and temperatures decreased from 1600 to 800℃,the Cr content of amorphous phase and crystalline phase gradually decreased,with a subsequent increase in the Cr content of spinel *** range of Cr enrichment in spinel of slags S1,S2,and S3 is 92.03-96.89,91.63-96.36,and 90.67-95.42,*** mass fraction and the size of spinel increased with the decreasing equilibrium temperatures,and the Cr leaching values decreased ***,the trend of the amount of Cr-related ions in the leachate was consistent with the trend of Cr in the amorphous phase,diopside,and *** results suggest that the lower basicity and equilibrium temperatures could be conducive to stabilizing Cr into spinel phase to minimize Cr leaching into the environment.

关键词： Chromium enrichment Leaching behavior Basicity Temperature Cr-containing slag

Kinetics of hot metal desulfurization using CaO-SiO2-Al2O3-Na2O-TiO2 slag

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Journal of Iron and Steel Research International 2019年第10期26卷 1041-1051页

作者： Kang-hui zhang yan-ling zhang Tuo Wu State Key Laboratory of Advanced Metallurgy University of Science and Technology BeijingBeijing 100083China

Kinetics of hot metal desulfurization were studied using CaO-SiO2-Al2O3-Na2O-TiO2 slag in the range of 1400-1500℃on a laboratory *** results of kinetic experiments indicate that the desulfurization rate increases as the temperature,Al2O3 content,Na2O content,and TiO2 content increase and basicity increases from 1.01 to 1.75,but decreases when basicity increases from 1.75 to *** melting effect of slag is promoted as the temperature,Na2O content,and TiO2 content increase and Al2O3 content increases from 12.13 to 17.17 mass%,but worsened as basicity increases and Al2O3 content increases from 17.17 to 22.27 mass%.A kinetic model of hot metal desulfurization has been developed to calculate the mass transfer coefficient and the mass transfer resistance of sulfur in *** mass transfer coefficient of sulfur increases as the temperature,Al2O3 content,Na2O content,and TiO2 content increase and basicity *** mass transfer coefficients of sulfur were in the range of(5.02-23.78)×10^-7 m s^-*** activation energy was estimated to be 464.06 kJ mo1^-1 at the temperature from 1400 to 1450℃and 176.35 kJ mol-1 at the temperature from 1450 to 1500℃.The sulfur distribution at the slag-metal interface was observed using a mineral liberation *** result shows that the mass transfer of sulfur in slag is the controlling step at high temperature during the desulfurization process.

关键词： Hot metal desulfurization Kinetics Model Liquid area Kinetic parameter

Carbothermal reduction process of the Fe-Cr-O system

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International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials 2013年第10期20卷 931-940页

作者： yan-ling zhang yang Liu Wen-jie Wei State Key Laboratory of Advanced Metallurgy University of Science and Technology Beijing

Understanding the reduction behaviors and characteristics of the end products of Fe-Cr-O systems is very important not only for maximizing the recovery of metals from stainless steel dust but also for the subsequent reuse in metallurgical process. The present work first predicted the possible products thermodynamically when FeCr204 was reduced by C. The reduction behaviors by graphite of three kinds of Fe-Cr-O systems, i.e., FeCr204, Fe203q-Cr203, and Feq-Cr203, were then investigated in 1350-1550℃. Further, the microstructures of final products and element distribution conditions were examined. The results suggest that, thermodynamically, the mass of products for the carbothermal reduction of FeCr204 is a strong function of temperature, and the initial carbon content is used. More Fe-Cr-C solution and less residual carbon content are obtained at higher temperatures and lower no：no ratios （the initial molar ratio of C to O in the sample）. Experimental data show that the sample amount tends to affect the reduction rate, and the residual carbon content strongly depends on nc：no. With regard to the phases present in products during the reaction process, metal carbides tend to form in the initial stage, whereas Fe-Cr-C solution forms when the degree of reduction is sufficiently high.

关键词： stainless steel dust ternary systems carbothermal reduction reaction kinetics

Influence of Cr_(2)_(3)content on viscosity and rheological behavior of Cr_(2)O_(3)-containing slags

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Journal of Iron and Steel Research International 2022年第4期29卷 601-611页

作者： Fang Yuan Zheng Zhao yan-ling zhang Tuo Wu State Key Laboratory of Advanced Metallurgy University of Science and Technology BeijingBeijing 100083China

The rheological behavior of Cr_(2)_(3)-containing slags was investigated using a rotating cylinder viscometer and the solid fraction and phases of Cr_(2)_(3)in molten slags were also calculated and observed at different ***,the viscosities of CaO–SiO2–Cr_(2)_(3)(–10%Al2O3)slags were measured from 1703 to 1953 K and the influence of Cr_(2)_(3)content on the viscosity and rheological behavior of molten slags was *** calculation revealed that the solid fraction of the molten slags varied with the Cr_(2)_(3)content and maximum temperature,and the fluid properties transitioned from Newtonian to non-Newtonian behavior when the solid fraction reached 5%.Moreover,the increase in Cr_(2)_(3)content led to an increase in the viscosity as the slags displayed Newtonian flow characteristics and a decrease in the viscosity when slags exhibited non-Newtonian flow *** viscosity results of Cr_(2)_(3)-containing slag from 1703 to 1953 K and from 1703 to 1813 K were also discussed with the morphologies.

关键词： Viscosity Rheology behavior Cr_(2)_(3)-containing slag Morphology

Reduction of chromium oxides in stainless steel dust

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International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials 2015年第6期22卷 573-581页

作者： yan-ling zhang Wen-ming Guo Xin-lei Jia State Key Laboratory of Advanced Metallurgy University of Science and Technology Beijing

The recovery of metal oxides from stainless steel dust using C（graphite）, SiFe, and Al as reductants was investigated under various conditions. The apparent distribution ratio of Cr（L Cr ′^m/s ） in the recovered metal and residual slag phases was defined as the major performance metric. The results show that the recovery ratio of metals increases as the ratio of CaO ：SiO2 by mass in the residual slag increases to 1.17. The residual content of metals in the slag decreases as the Al2O3 content of the slag is increased from approximately 8wt% to 10wt%. The recovery ratio of Cr increases with increasing L Cr ′^ m/s , and a linear relationship between L Cr ′^m/s and the activity coefficient ratio of CrO in the slag and the recovered metal phase is observed. The combination of C and SiFe or Al as the reducing agents reveals that Si is the more effective coreductant.

关键词： stainless steel dust chromium oxides recovery apparent distribution ratio activity coefficient

Effect of Al2O3/TiO2/Na2O on enrichment of phosphorus in P-bearing steelmaking slag

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Journal of Iron and Steel Research International 2019年第8期26卷 796-805页

作者： Kan Yu yan-ling zhang Feng-shan Li Ming Gao State Key Laboratory of Advanced Metallurgy University of Science and Technology Beijing Beijing 100083 China

To explore the influence of Al2O3/TiO2/Na2O on the mineralogical structure and phosphorus enrichment of converter slag, phosphorus enrichment and distribution in the CaO-SiO2-Fe2O3-MgO-Al2O3/TiO2/Na2O slag system were experimen-tally examined. The results show that phosphorus mainly exists in an n2CaO·SiO2-3CaO·P2O5 (nC2S-C3P) solid solution. Al2O3/TiO2/Na2O is beneficial for phosphorus enrichment in the CaO-SiO2-Fe2O3-MgO slag system to various degrees. This allows screening and separation of the enriched phase in the slag. When Al2O3 content was increased from 0 to 15%, the P2O5 content in the P-rich phase increased from 13.88 to 21.32%, and the area of the P-rich phase decreased from 57.50 to 37.87%. When the TiO2 content was increased from 0 to 10%, the content of P2O5 in the P-rich phase increased from 13.88 to 22.90%, and the area of the P-rich phase decreased from 57.50 to 39.20%. When the contents of Al2O3 and TiO2 were increased, the previously formed nC2S-C3P solid solution transformed into n′C2S-C3P (n < n′) with higher phos-phorus content. Na2O had no significant effect on phosphorus enrichment, but exerted significant influence on the area of the P-rich phase. When the Na2O content was increased from 0 to 8%, the previously formed nC2S-C3P solid solution gradually became Na2Ca4(PO4)2SiO4, and the area of the P-rich phase increased from 57.50 to 68.50%. With increasing the content of ATN (a mixture with a mass ratio of Al2O3/TiO2/Na2O = 15:4:3) from 0 to 30%, the content of P2O5 increased from 13.88 to 42.10% and the area of the P-rich phase decreased from 54.92 to 18.40%.

关键词： Phosphorus enrichment nC2S-C3P solid solution Modification P-bearing steelmaking slag

Simulation on scrap melting behavior and carbon diffusion under natural convection

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International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials 2021年第3期28卷 380-389页

作者： Ming Gao Jin-tao Gao yan-ling zhang Shu-feng yang State Key Laboratory of Advanced Metallurgy University of Science and Technology BeijingBeijing 100083China School of Metallurgical and Ecological Engineering University of Science and Technology BeijingBeijing 100083China

A 3D model applying temperature-and carbon concentration-dependent material properties was developed to describe the scrap melting behavior and carbon diffusion under natural *** results agreed reasonably well with experimental *** melting was subdivided into four stages:formation of a solidified layer,rapid melting of the solidified layer,carburization,and carburization+normal *** carburization stage could not be ignored at low temperature because the carburization time for the sample investigated was 214 s at 1573 K compared to 12 s at 1723 *** thickness of the boundary layer with significant concentration difference at 1573 K increased from 130μm at 5 s to 140μm at 60 *** maximum velocity caused by natural convection decreased from 0.029 m·s^(−1)at 5 s to 0.009 m·s^(−1)at 634 s because the differences in temperature and density between the molten metal and scrap decreased with time.

关键词： scrap melting natural convection carbon diffusion numerical simulation electron probe micro-analyzer

Bibliometric analysis of hotspots and trends of global myopia research

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International Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition) 2024年第5期17卷 940-950页

作者： Xing-yang Wu Hui-Hui Fang yan-Wu Xu yan-ling zhang Shao-Chong zhang Wei-Hua yang Shenzhen Eye Institute Shenzhen Eye HospitalJinan UniversityShenzhen 518040Guangdong ProvinceChina School of Future Technology South China University of TechnologyGuangzhou 510641Guangdong ProvinceChina

AIM:To gain insights into the global research hotspots and trends of ***:Articles were downloaded from January 1,2013 to December 31,2022 from the Science Core Database website and were mainly statistically analyzed by bibliometrics ***:A total of 444 institutions in 87 countries published 4124 *** 2013 and 2022,China had the highest number of publications(n=1865)and the highest H-index(61).Sun Yat-sen University had the highest number of publications(n=229)and the highest H-index(33).Ophthalmology is the main category in related *** from 2020 to 2022 highlight keywords of options and reference,child health(pediatrics),myopic traction mechanism,public health,and machine learning,which represent research ***:Myopia has become a hot research *** and Chinese institutions have the strongest academic influence in the field from 2013 to *** main driver of myopic research is still medical or *** study highlights the importance of public health in addressing the global rise in myopia,especially its impact on children’s *** present,a unified theoretical system is still *** surgical and therapeutic solutions must be proposed for people with different characteristics to manage and intervene refractive *** addition,the benefits of artificial intelligence(AI)models are also reflected in disease monitoring and prediction.

关键词： bibliometric analysis myopia global trends

Study on the Structure of Supramolecular Inclusion Complex of β-Cyclodextrin with Retinoic Acid

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2001年第4期12卷 317-320页

作者： yan ling zhang Wei Sheng LIU yang LI Xue Yi MA Yao Zu CHEN National Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry Department of ChemistryLanzhou UniversityLanzhou 730000 Department of Chemistry Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310027

Inclusion compound of retinoic acid with (-cyclodextrin was prepared by coprecipitating method, the structure of resulting product was studied by elemental analysis, differential scanning caloriemetry(DSC) analysis, FT-IR spectroscopy and X-ray diffractometry, and the formed supramolecule self-assembles in aqueous solution according to molar ratio 2:1 of host-guest.

关键词： Retinoic acid β-cyclodextrin Inclusion complex structure

Copulatory pattern and behavior in a semi-captive population of Eld＇s deer

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Current Zoology 2011年第3期57卷 284-292页

作者： Zhigao ZENG yan-ling SONG Qiong zhang Institute of Zoology Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100101 China

Male copulatory patterns, female multiple copulation and male post-copulatory guarding were studied in Eld＇s deer Cervus eldi in Datian National Nature Reserve, China. Mating behavior in 18 females and 11 males from a group of 61 semi-captive Eld＇s deer were observed. The majority （55.8%） of copulations occurred between 15：00-19：00 h. The ejaculatory mount was preceded by an average of 5.1 prior mounts. Successful copulation consisted of a single thrust with ejaculation during one intromission, with no lock. This copulatory pattern is classified as pattern No. 15 （no lock, no intravaginal thrusting, single intromission, and multiple ejaculation） and No. 16 （no lock, no intravaginal thrusting, single intromission, and single ejaculation） under Dewsbury＇s scheme （1972） and as No. 16 （no lock, no thrusting, single and brief intromission） under Dixson＇s classification （1998）. Copulation frequency was 1.5 ± 0.9 times for males/females with the same female/male per day. The duration of the final mount, which included ejaculation, was brief （3.4±1.3 s）, and ejaculation usually terminated copulation. Eleven females copulated more than once in this study： three of them copulated with several males （multi-male copulations） and the remainder copulated with a single male （repeated copulations）. Our results indicate that some female Eld＇s deer may seek multiple copulations to be a strategy to improve the genetic quality of their offspring or to avoid harassment. Post-copulatory guarding of females by males followed all copulations, with dominant males guarding for significantly longer than subordinate males. Dominant males appear to be more effective at post-copulatory guarding than subordinate males. Subordinate males engaged in a quicker pre-copulatory phase to improve their chances of finishing copulation before being forced to accede to dominant males [Current Zoology 57 （3）： 284-292, 2011].

关键词： Cervus eldi Copulatory pattern Female multiple copulation Post-copulatory guarding Dominant male Subordinate male