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Porous carbon from vinegar lees for phenol adsorption

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Particuology 2012年第1期10卷 35-41页

作者： Mei Zhong Yin Wang Jian Yu yajun tian Guangwen Xu State Key Laboratory of Multi-Phase Complex Systems Institute of Process Engineering Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 China Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Department Xinjiang University Xinjiang 830046 China

An effective technology for utilizing vinegar lees （VL）, a biomass waste generated during its production, is much needed in China due to the huge consumption of vinegar. This study investigates the preparation of porous carbon （PC） from VL, now reporting on the adsorption capability of PC in removing phenol from its aqueous solution. The preparation of PC consists of carbonization of VL in N2 and activation in CO2. The results show that the optimal activation temperature and time in CO2 for VL char carbonized at 800 ℃ were 875 ℃ and 1 h, respectively. The PC prepared was found to have large specific surface area and micropore volume, with an adsorptive capacity for phenol from its aqueous solution much higher than that of commercial coconut shell activated carbon （CSAC）. Adsorption of phenol from its aqueous solution by the VL-based PC was found to follow the isothermal Langmuir equation.

关键词： Porous carbonCarbonizationVinegar leesPhenolWaste water

Environmental,social,and economic assessment of energy utilization of crop residue in China

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Frontiers in Energy 2021年第2期15卷 308-319页

作者： Yueling ZHANG Junjie LI Huan LIU Guangling ZHAO yajun tian Kechang XIE Key Laboratory of Resources and Environmental System Optimization(Ministry of Education) College of Environmental Sciense and EngineeringNorth China Electic Power UniversityBeijing 102206China School Chemical and Environmental Engineering China University of Mining and TechnologyBeijng 100083China Department of Energy Conversion and Storage Technical University of DenmarkLyngby 2820Denmark National Institute of Clean and Low Carbon Energy Beijing 102211China Chinese Acadamy of Engineering Beijing 100088China

This paper aims to discuss an environmental, social, and economic analysis of energy utilization of crop residues from life cycle perspectives in China. The methodologies employed to achieve this objective are environmental life cycle assessment (E-LCA), life cycle cost (LCC), and social life cycle assessment (S-LCA). Five scenarios are developed based on the conversion technologies and final bioenergy products. The system boundaries include crop residue collection, transportation, pre-treatment, and conversion process. The replaced amounts of energy are also taken into account in the E-LCA analysis. The functional unit is defined as 1 MJ of energy produced. Eight impact categories are considered besides climate change in E-LCA. The investment capital cost and salary cost are collected and compared in the life cycle of the scenarios. Three stakeholders and several subcategories are considered in the S-LCA analysis defined by UNEP/SETAS guidelines. The results show that the energy utilization of crop residue has carbon emission factors of 0.09–0.18 kg (CO2 eq per 1 MJ), and presents a net carbon emissions reduction of 0.03–0.15 kg (CO2 eq per 1 MJ) compared with the convectional electricity or petrol, but the other impacts should be paid attention to in the biomass energy scenarios. The energy utilization of crop residues can bring economic benefit to local communities and the society, but the working conditions of local workers need to be improved in future biomass energy development.

关键词： crop residue life cycle assessment life cycle cost social life cycle assessment energy production

Temporal sequence Object-based CNN(TS-OCNN) for crop classification from fine resolution remote sensing image time-series

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The Crop Journal 2022年第5期10卷 1507-1516页

作者： Huapeng Li yajun tian Ce Zhang Shuqing Zhang Peter MAtkinson Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology Chinese Academy of SciencesChangchun 130012JilinChina Lancaster Environment Centre Lancaster UniversityLancaster LA14YQUK Faculty of Science and Technology Lancaster UniversityLancaster LA14YRUK

Accurate crop distribution mapping is required for crop yield prediction and field management. Due to rapid progress in remote sensing technology, fine spatial resolution(FSR) remotely sensed imagery now offers great opportunities for mapping crop types in great detail. However, within-class variance can hamper attempts to discriminate crop classes at fine resolutions. Multi-temporal FSR remotely sensed imagery provides a means of increasing crop classification from FSR imagery, although current methods do not exploit the available information fully. In this research, a novel Temporal Sequence Object-based Convolutional Neural Network(TS-OCNN) was proposed to classify agricultural crop type from FSR image time-series. An object-based CNN(OCNN) model was adopted in the TS-OCNN to classify images at the object level(i.e., segmented objects or crop parcels), thus, maintaining the precise boundary information of crop parcels. The combination of image time-series was first utilized as the input to the OCNN model to produce an ‘original’ or baseline classification. Then the single-date images were fed automatically into the deep learning model scene-by-scene in order of image acquisition date to increase successively the crop classification accuracy. By doing so, the joint information in the FSR multi-temporal observations and the unique individual information from the single-date images were exploited comprehensively for crop classification. The effectiveness of the proposed approach was investigated using multitemporal SAR and optical imagery, respectively, over two heterogeneous agricultural areas. The experimental results demonstrated that the newly proposed TS-OCNN approach consistently increased crop classification accuracy, and achieved the greatest accuracies(82.68% and 87.40%) in comparison with state-of-the-art benchmark methods, including the object-based CNN(OCNN)(81.63% and85.88%), object-based image analysis(OBIA)(78.21% and 84.83%), and standard pixel-wise

关键词： Convolutional neural network Multi-temporal imagery Object-based image analysis(OBIA) Crop classification Fine spatial resolution imagery

Effect of process conditions on the synthesis of carbon nanotubes by catalytic decomposition of methane

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China Particuology 2007年第3期5卷 213-219页

作者： Shuanglin Zhan yajun tian Yanbin Cui Hao Wu Yonggang Wang Shufeng Ye Yunfa Chen Institute of Process Engineering Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100080 China Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China China University of Mining and Technology Beijing 100083 China

A new dual-composition catalyst based on Ni-Mo/MgO with high efficiency of producing carbon nanotubes （CNTs） from methane was reported recently. In the present article, with this type of catalyst, the impact of such experimental parameters as reaction temperature, reaction time, concentration of H2, flow rate ratio of CH4 to H2 on yield and graphitization were investigated, leading to the following optimal growth conditions： reaction time 60min, reaction temperature 900℃, CH4：H2 about 100：20mL/min, under which high-yield multi-walled CNTs bundles were synthesized. Raman measurement indicated that the as-synthesized product was well-graphitized, and the purity was estimated over 95% by TG-DSC analysis. In terms of the above results, an explanation of high-efficiency formation of CNTs bundles and the co-catalysis mechanism of Ni-Mo/MgO were suggested. 2007 Chinese Societv of Particuology and Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences. Published by Elsevier B.V.

关键词： Carbon nanotubes Catalytic decomposition Carbon yield Graphitization degree

Effect of allelochemicals sustained-release microspheres on the ingestion, incorporation, and digestion abilities of Daphnia magna Straus

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2023年第2期124卷 205-214页

作者： Benhang Li Yijun Yin Xiaohong Zhou Li Feng Yongze Liu Ziwen Du yajun tian Liqiu Zhang Beijing Key Laboratory for Source Control Technology of Water Pollution Engineering Research Center for Water Pollution Source Control and EcoremediationBeijing Forestry UniversityBeijing 100083China College of Environment Zhejiang University of TechnologyHangzhou 310014China

Allelochemicals sustained-release microspheres(ACs-SMs)exhibited great inhibition effect on algae,however,few studies have focused on ACs-SMs toxicity on *** this study,the effects of single high-concentration ACs(15 mg/L,SH-ACs),repeated lowconcentration ACs(3×5 mg/L,RL-ACs)and ACs-SMs containing 15 mg/L ACs exposure on the ingestion,incorporation,and digestion of Daphniamagna Straus(DS)were investigated by stable isotope 15N labeling ***,the diversity and abundance of microflora in DS guts were determined by 16S rRNA genes and cloning *** results showed that SH-ACs exposure caused 50%and 33.3%death rates for newborn and adult DS,while RL-ACs exposure caused 10%death rate for newborn DS and no obvious effect on the activity of adult *** ACs-SMs exposure did not diminish the motility of both newborn and adult DS,indicating the lower acute toxicity of ***,SH-ACs inhibited the ingestion(-6.45%),incorporation(-47.1%)and digestion(-53.8%)abilities of DS and reduced the microbial abundance(-27.7%)in DS *** with SH-ACs,RL-ACs showed relatively low impact on the ingestion(-3.23%),incorporation(-5.89%)and digestion(-23.9%)abilities of ***,ACs-SMs enhanced the ingestion(+9.68%),incorporation(+52.9%)and digestion(+51.3%)abilities of DS and increased the microbial abundance(+10.7%)in DS *** ACs and ACs-SMs reduced the diversity of microflora in DS *** conclusion,ACs-SMs can release ACs sustainably and prolong the sustained release time,which not only effectively reduce the toxicity of ACs,but also had positive effects on DS.

关键词： Allelochemicals(ACs) Sustained-release microspheres (SMs) Daphnia magna Straus(DS)

Approach and potential of replacing oil and natural gas with coal in China

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Frontiers in Energy 2020年第2期14卷 419-431页

作者： Junjie LI yajun tian Xiaohui YAN Jingdong YANG Yonggang WANG Wenqiang XU Kechang XIE School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering China University of Mining and TechnologyBeijing 100083China National Institute of Clean-and-Low-Carbon Energy Beijing 102211China China Energy Investment Corporation Beijing 100011China Chinese Academy of Engineering Beijing 100088China Key Laboratory of Coal Science and Technology of the Ministry of Education Taiyuan University of TechnologyTaiyuan 030024China

China’s fossil energy is characterized by an abundance of coal and a relative lack of oil and natural *** a strategy in which coal can replace oil and natural gas is,therefore,a necessary and practical approach to easing the excessive external dependence on oil and natural *** on the perspective of energy security,this paper proposes a technical framework for defining the substitution of oil and natural gas with coal in *** this framework,three substitution classifications and 11 industrialized technical routes are ***,three scenarios(namely,the cautious scenario,baseline scenario,and positive scenario)are developed to estimate the potential of this strategy for 2020 and *** results indicate that oil and natural gas replaced by coal will reach 67 to 81 Mt and 8.7 to 14.3 Gm^3 in 2020 and reach 93 to 138 Mt and 32.3 to 47.3 Gm^3 in 2030,*** implementing this strategy,China’s external dependence on oil,natural gas,and primary energy is expected to be curbed at approximately 70%,40%,and 20%by 2030,*** paper also demonstrates how coal,as a substitute for oil and natural gas,can contribute to carbon and pollution reduction and economic cost *** suggests a new direction for the development of the global coal industry and provides a crucial reference for energy transformation in China and other countries with similar energy situations.

关键词： coal replacing oil and natural gas energy security external dependence energy strategy China

A Serological Survey of Contagious Caprine Pleuropneumonia in Taizhou City,Jiangsu Province

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Agricultural Biotechnology 2015年第6期4卷 15-17,22页

作者： Xingang HU Yinyun HUANG Tingting XU Zhinan ZHU yajun tian Yuliang XU Jiangsu Agri-animal Husbandry Vocational College Gaogang Animal Health Supervision Institute of Taizhou City Huzhuang Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Station in Gaogang District of Taizhou City Taixing Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Technology Promotion Center

[ Objective] This study aimed to investigate the prevalence of contagious caprine pleuropneumonia in Taizhou City, Jiangsu Province. [ Method] By using indirect hemagglutination assay kits for detection of antibodies against Mycoplasma capricolum subsp, capripneumoniae （ Mecp）, Mycoplasma mycoides subsp. capriclonum （Mmc） and Mycopalsam ovipneumonia （ Movi）, 1 157 goat sera from Taizhou City of Jiangsu Province were detected. [ Result ] The average positive detection rate of Mccp and Mmc in infected goats was 51.85% and 39.81%, respectively; the average positive detection rate of Mccp and Mmc in non-infected goats was 10.52% and 5.84%, respectively, and the total positive detection rate of Mycoplasma infections was 16.37%. [ Conclusion ] Mycoplasma infections oc- cur commonly in Taizhou City. The prevention and control of Mycoplasma infections should be strengthened.

关键词： Taizhou Goat Mycoplasma Contagious pleuropneumonia Serological survey

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H_2/Ar等离子体射流反应器的模拟

化工学报 2001年第5期52卷 389-395页

作者：谢克昌陈宏刚田亚竣朱素渝一碳化学与化工国家重点实验室太原理工大学煤化工研究所山西太原030024

建立了直流电弧等离子体射流反应器的计算流体动力学模型 ,在模型中同时考虑流动、对流换热和共轭热传导等过程 ,消除了以往对反应器内壁温度估计造成的误差 .对湍流的模拟采用了常见的标准k -ε双方程湍流模型 .

关键词：等离子体模拟计算流体动力学煤裂解乙炔氢气氩气等离子体射流反应器热解

化学气相沉积法制备纳微ZnO的实验和模拟研究进展

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材料导报 2016年第1期30卷 33-40页

作者：田会娟郝斌徐俊波田亚峻温浩唐山学院环境与化学工程系唐山063000 唐山市微纳米材料制备及应用重点实验室唐山063000 中国科学院过程工程研究所中国科学院绿色过程与工程重点实验室北京100190 低碳清洁能源研究所北京102209 中国科学院过程工程研究所多相复杂系统国家重点实验室北京100190

纳/微氧化锌材料性能优良,用途广泛,制备方法较多,其中化学气相沉积法(CVD)是较常用的方法之一。详细介绍了CVD方法制备纳米氧化锌的主要影响因素,概述了计算流体动力学(CFD)模拟在化学气相沉积法方面的应用和研究现状,并指出应该采用... 详细信息

纳/微氧化锌材料性能优良,用途广泛,制备方法较多,其中化学气相沉积法(CVD)是较常用的方法之一。详细介绍了CVD方法制备纳米氧化锌的主要影响因素,概述了计算流体动力学(CFD)模拟在化学气相沉积法方面的应用和研究现状,并指出应该采用实验研究和计算模拟相结合的方法进行研究,利用计算模拟指导实验,从而实现纳微结构的可控生长。

关键词：纳微结构氧化锌化学气相沉积局部气氛数值模拟