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Resistive Cerebral Blood Flow as a Potential Marker of Subclinical Brain Damage in Essential Hypertension

World Journal of Cardiovascular Diseases 2014年第4期4卷 169-178页

作者： Sergio Gonzalez-Garcia Zenaida Hernandez-Diaz Luis Quevedo-Sotolongo Marisol Pena-Sanchez yaima pino-Pena Rebeca Fernandez-Carriera Caridad Menendez-Sainz Alina Gonzalez-Quevedo Janis Eells Institute of Neurology and Neurosurgery La HabanaCuba Cira Garcia Central Clinic La HabanaCuba College of Health Sciences University of Wisconsin-MilwaukeeMilwaukeeUSA

Introduction: Subclinical brain damage in essential hypertension is more prevalent than cardiovascular or renal impairment;nevertheless, screening for nervous system involvement is difficult due to the low accessibility and high costs of these techniques. Objective: To assess the frequency of silent target organ damage in a cohort of asymptomatic hypertensive patients and to evaluate the potential usefulness of carotid ultrasonographic (US) variables as predictors of subclinical brain damage. Patients and Methods: Thirty four neurologically asymptomatic subjects (mean age 59 years) with essential hypertension were included. Target organ damage was evaluated: degree of hypertensive retinopathy, heart, kidney and brain. Structural and hemodynamical carotid Doppler US parameters were also investigated. Results: The brain was the most frequently affected target organ (70.6%), followed by the heart (67.9%) and kidney (58.6%). Carotid US parameters showed no association of intima media thickness with brain MRI results;nevertheless, decreased diastolic flow velocity and increased resistive index pointed to a resistive carotid flow pattern in patients with classical brain MRI lesions and predicted subclinical lesions with a sensitivity of 70% and 74% and a specificity of 72% and 80% respectively. Conclusions: This study supports previous findings that place the brain as the most frequently affected target organ in essential hypertensive patients and sheds more light on the potential usefulness of carotid structure and hemodynamics as imaging biomarkers of subclinical brain lesions.

关键词： Subclinical Brain Damage Essential Hypertension Carotid Doppler

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High Light Intensity Increases the CAM Expression in “MD-2” Micro-Propagated Pineapple Plants at the End of the Acclimatization Stage

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American Journal of Plant Sciences 2015年第19期6卷 3109-3118页

作者： René C. Rodríguez-Escriba Romelio Rodríguez Dariel López Gustavo Y. Lorente yaima pino Carlos E. Aragón Yolanda Garza Florencio E. Podestá Justo L. González-Olmedo Laboratorio de Agrobiología Centro de Bioplantas Universidad de Ciego de ávila Ciego de ávila Cuba Departamento Biotecnología Facultad Ciencias Químicas Universidad Autónoma de Coahuila Coahuila México Centro de Estudios Fotosintéticos y Bioquímicos Facultad de Ciencias Bioquímicas y Farmacéuticas Universidad Nacional de Rosario Rosario Argentina

This work describes the evaluation of morpho-physiological and biochemical changes in “MD-2” micro-propagated pineapple plants (Ananas comosus (L.) Merr.) grown after 30 days under low light intensity (LL, greenhouse light conditions at 250 μmol·m-2·s-1) or high light intensity (HL, field light conditions at 800 μmol·m-2·s-1). Gas exchange, leaf pH, protein content and superoxide dismutase activity (SOD) (EC 1.***.1.1) were measured every 3 h during one day. Chlorophylls content and succulence index (SI) were determined at 9 h. Results showed significant differences in CO2 exchange rates, with a maximum occurring at 6 h (3.00 and 8.25 μmol CO2 m-2·s-1 for leaves under LL and HL conditions respectively). Plants under HL conditions had higher CO2 uptake and lower pH values between 0 h and 6 h respective to LL plants. The maximum pH value was attained 3 h before in HL plants. Leaf SI was increased and chlorophyll content decreased by HL conditions. SOD activity was higher in plants under HL conditions, near doubling those of LL plants at 18 h (2.8 versus 1.5 U·mg-1 Protein respectively). Both groups showed a typical CAM phenotype, but it was stronger in HL conditions, which may confer these plants with a better acclimation to transfer to the field.

关键词： Crassulacean Acid Metabolism Hardening Stage Ex Vitro Vitroplants Gaseous Exchange

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