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Insect Science 2020年第1期27卷 86-98页

作者： Aida Ayoubi Ali Asghar Talebi yaghoub fathipour Mohammad Mehrabadi Faculty of Agriculture Department of EntomologyTarbiat Modares UniversityTehranIran

Bacterial endosymbionts play important roles in ecological traits of aphids.In this study,we characterize the bacterial endosymbionts of A.gossypii collected in Karaj,Iran and their role in the performance of the aphid.Our results indicated that beside Buchnera aphidicola,A.gossypii,also harbors both Hamiltonella defensa and Arsenophonus sp.Quantitative PCR(qPCR)results revealed that the populations of the endosymbionts increased throughout nymphal development up to adult emergence;thereafter,populations of Buchnera and Arsenophonus were diminished while the density of H.defensa constantly increased.Buchnera reduction caused prolonged development and no progeny production.Furthermore,secondary symbiont reduction led to reduction of the total life span and intrinsic rate of natural increase as well as appearance of the deformed dead offspring in comparison with the control insects.Reduction of the secondary symbionts did not affect parasitism rate of the aphid by the parasitic wasp Aphidius matricariae.Together these findings showed that H.defensa and Arsenophonus contributed to the fitness of A.gossypii by enhancing its performance,but not through parasitoid resistance.

关键词： Arsenophonus Buchnera aphidicola cotton aphid Hamiltonella defensa parasitism resistance

Finish line plant-insect interactions mediated by insect feeding mode and plant interference： a case study of Brassica interactions with diamondback moth and turnip aphid

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Insect Science 2018年第4期25卷 690-702页

作者： Mahmoud Soufbaf yaghoub fathipour Jeffrey A. Harvey Cang Hui Department of Entomology Faculty of Agriculture Tarbiat Modares University Tehran Iran Department of Terrestnal Ecology Netherlands Institute of Ecology Wageningen the Netherlands Section Animal Ecology Department of Ecological Sciences VU University Amsterdam Amsterdam the Netherlands Department of Mathematical Sciences Centre for Invasion Biology Stellenbosch University Matieland South Africa Mathematical and Physical Biosciences African Institute for Mathematical Sciences Cape Town South Africa

There are gaps in our understanding of plant responses under different insect phytophagy modes and their subsequent effects on the insect herbivores＇ performance at late season. Here we compared different types of insect feeding by an aphid, Lipaphis erysimi, and a lepidopteran, Plutella xylostella, and how this affected defensive metabolites in leaves of 2 Brassica species when plants gain maturity. Thiocyanate concentrations after P xylostella and L. erysimi feeding activities were the same. Total phenolics was higher after the phloem feeder feeding than the folivore activity. The plants compensatory responses （i.e., tolerance） to L. erysimi feeding was significantly higher than the responses to P xylostella. This study showed that L. erysirni had higher carbon than P xylostella whereas nitrogen in P xylostella was 1.42 times that in L. erysimi. Population size of the phloem feeder was not affected by plant species or insect coexistence. However, there was no correlation between plant defensive metabolites and both insects＇ population size and biomass. This suggests that plant root biomass and tolerance index after different insect herbivory modes are not necessarily unidirectional. Importantly, the interaction between the folivore and the phloem feeder insects is asymmetric and the phloem feeder might be a trickier problem for plants than the folivore. Moreover, as both plants＇ common and special defenses decreased under interspecific interference, we suggest that specialist insect herbivores can be more challenged in ecosystems in which plants are not involved in interspecific interference.

关键词： glucosinolates herbivory mode plant resistance stoichiometric analysis tolerance

Temperature-dependent development of Neoseiulus barked （Acari： Phytoseiidae） on Tetranychus urticae （Acari： Tetranychidae） at seven constant temperatures

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Insect Science 2012年第2期19卷 220-228页

作者： Shahriar Jafari yaghoub fathipour Farid Faraji Department of Entomology Faculty of Agriculture Tarbiat Modares University Tehran Iran MITOX Consultants Amsterdam The Netherlands

The effect of seven constant temperatures of 15, 20, 25, 27, 30, 35 and 37℃ on developmental time ofNeoseiulus barkeri Hughes were determined in laboratory conditions under 65% - 5% RH and a photoperiod of 12 ： 12 （L ： D） h on nymphal stages of Tetranychus urticae Koch. Total developmental time of females （from egg to adult emergence） at the above-mentioned temperatures was 26.59, 14.43, 6.32, 5.64, 4.59, 3.98 and 4.67 days, respectively. Developmental rate of the N. barkeri increased as temperature increased from 15 to 35℃, but declined at 37℃. A linear and two nonlinear models were fitted to developmental rate of immature stages ofN. barkeri to predict the developmental rate as a function of temperature, as well as to estimate the thermal constant （K） and critical temperatures （i.e., Tmin, Topt and Tmax）. The estimated values of the Tmin and K for total developmental time using the linear model were 12.07℃ and 86.20 degree-days （DD）, respectively. The Trnin and Tmax estimated by the Sharpe-Schoolfield-Ikemoto （SSI） model were 11.90℃ and 37.41℃, respectively. The estimated Topt for overall immature stage development ofN. barkeri by the Lactin and SSI models were 33.89℃ and 24.51℃, respectively. Based on the biological criteria of model evaluation, the linear and SSI models were found to be the best models for describing the developmental rate of overall immature stages of N. barkeri and estimating the temperature thresholds.

关键词： Neoseiulus barkeri temperature thresholds temperature-dependent development Tetranychus urticae thermal constant

Temperature-dependent development of diamondback moth, Plutella xylostella （Lepidoptera： Plutellidae） on two brassicaceous host plants

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Insect Science 2007年第4期14卷 309-316页

作者： ALI GOLIZADEH KARIM KAMALI yaghoub fathipour HABIB ABBASIPOUR DepartmentofEntomology FacultyofAgricultureTarbiatModaresUniversityTehran Department of Plant Protection Faculty of Agricultural SciencesShahed UniversityTehranIran

The effect of temperature on the development of the Plutella xylostella （Linnaeus）（Lepidoptera： PluteUidae）, was evaluated at eight constant temperatures （10, 15, 20, 25, 28, 30, 32.5 and 35~C）, with relative humidity of 65% and a photoperiod of 14：10 （L： D） hours on two host plants, cauliflower, Brassica oleracea var. botrytis and cabbage, Brassica oleracea var. capitata. The low temperature threshold was estimated to be 7.06℃ and 7.84℃ and the thermal constant was 263.74 and 261.58 degree-days for P. xylostella on cauliflower and cabbage, respectively, using the linear model. Data were fitted to various nonlinear temperature-dependent models, and the low and high temperature thresholds, as well as the optimum temperature for development, has been estimated. Criteria of choice from the literature were used to evaluate models and to select the most suitable equation for P. xylostella development on each host plant. Conclusively, linear and Briere-2 models are recommended for the description of temperature-dependent development of P. xylostella on two host plants.

关键词： Brassica oleracea degree-days development rate Plutella xylostella tem-perature-dependent thermal requirement

Quality control of the parasitoid wasp Trichogramma brassicae (Hymenoptera: Trichogrammatidae) over 45 generations of rearing on Sitotroga cerealella

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Insect Science 2021年第1期28卷 180-190页

作者： Ehsan Ghaemmaghami yaghoub fathipour Abdoolnabi Bagheri Ali Asghar Talebi Gadi V.P.Reddy Department of Entomology Faculty of AgricultureTarbiat Modares UniversityTehranIran Plant Protection Research Department Hormozgan Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education CenterAgricultural Research Education and Extension Organization(AREEO)Bandar AbbasIran USDA-ARS-Southern Insect Pest Management Research Unit StonevilleMississippiUSA

Trichogramma brassicae(Bezdenko)is an important biological control agent that has been used widely against many lepidopteran pests.Commonly,colonies of Trichogramma are mass reared on factitious hosts such as Sitotroga cerealella(Olivier)over many generations.In this study,we evaluated the quality and performance of a colony of T.brassicae that had been reared for over 45 generations(G)using two-sex life table parameters and parasitism capacity.We found that female adult longevity was significantly different among sequential generations,ranging from 5.58±2.5 d(at G5)to 3.75±1.42 d(at G45).However,no significant difference was found in male adult longevity among different generations.Although female wasps survived longer until the 15th gener・ation,they allocated more days for egg laying at G5 and GIO.The highest values of gross reproductive rate(GRR),net reproductive rate(7.),intrinsic rate of increase(r),finite rate of increase(λ)and mean generation time(T)were found in G5 and GIO,which also showed significantly higher cq.No significant difference in the finite parasitism rate(co)was found among generations up to G15.These results suggest that T.brassicae wasps held under continuous laboratory rearing can be used successfully in biological control programs until the 15th generation without any loss of quality or performance.However,laboratory mass rearing colonies declined in quality after 15 generations and we suggest that they should be rejuvenated regularly by adding field-collected parasitoids periodically.

关键词： biological control generation-dependent demography mass rearing parasitism rate Trichogramma brassicae

Demographic parameters of cotton aphid, Aphis gossypii Glover （Homoptera： Aphididae） on five cotton cultivars

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Insect Science 2006年第3期13卷 205-210页

作者： JABRAEIL RAZMJOU SAEID MOHARRAMIPOUR yaghoub fathipour SEYED ZIAEDDIN MIRHOSEINI Department of Entomology College of Agriculture Tarbiat Modarres University Tehran Department of SilkwormResearch Faculty of Natural Resources University of Guilan Somehe Sara Iran

Life table parameters of the cotton aphid, Aphis gossypii Glover, were estimated on five cotton cultivars （‘ Sealand＇ ,‘Siokra＇ ,＇ Vararnin＇ ,‘ Bakhtegan＇ and ‘ Sahel＇）. Demographic parameters of the cotton aphid were assessed at 27.5 ± 1 ℃, 65% ＋ 10% RH and a photoperiod of 14：10 （L： D）h. The shortest developmental time for the nymphal stages was 5.5 days on ‘Siokra＇ and the longest was 6.1 days on‘ Sealand＇. The highest offspring per female was 29.6 on ‘Sahel＇ and the lowest was 15.3 on ‘Sealand＇. The rm values varied from 0.272 on ‘Sealand＇ to 0.382 （day^-1） on ‘Varamin＇. Jackknife estimates of the A. gossypii parameters on these cultivars indicated the greatest developmental rate and fecundity on ‘ Varamin＇ and the poorest on ‘ Sealand＇ cultivar.

关键词： Aphis gossypii cotton aphid cultivar demography plant resistance

Comparative demography of Liriomyza sativae Blanchard （Diptera： Agromyzidae） on cucumber at seven constant temperatures

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Insect Science 2006年第6期13卷 477-483页

作者： MOSTAFA HAGHANI yaghoub fathipour ALI ASGHAR TALEBI VALIOLLAH BANIAMERI Department of Entomology Faculty of Agriculture Tarbiat Modares University Department of Agricultural Entomology Plant Pests and Diseases Research Institute Tehran Iran

Reproduction and population parameters of vegetable leafminer, Liriomyza sativae Blanchard were measured on cucumber （Cucumis sativus L.） at seven constant temperatures （10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 35 and 40℃）. No eggs were found at 10℃ and flies died after exposure to 40℃. The significantly highest intrinsic rate of natural increase （rm）, net reproductive rate （R0） and finite rate of increase （λ） ofL. sativae were obtained at 25℃ as 0.196, 52.452, and 1.216, respectively. The above-mentioned parameters decreased at 15℃ and 135℃ and this reduction at 35℃ was strong. Doubling time （DT） varied significantly with temperature. The shortest doubling time was obtained at 25℃. Mean generation time （T） decreased significantly with increasing temperature between 15℃ and 35℃. Percentage of immature ages in the stable age distribution was more than 95% at all temperatures. Female longevity was greater than male at all temperatures. Liriomyza sativae lived for a long time at 15℃, whereas at 35℃ had lower survival rates. The effect of temperature on reproduction, especially the intrinsic rate of increase of L. sativae would be useful for predicting its longterm population fluctuation over several generations.

关键词： cucumber demography intrinsic rate of increase life table Liriomyza sativae temperature

Biology and life table parameters of the mushroom pest, Pediculaster fletchmanni （Acari： Siteroptidae）, at three constant temperatures

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Insect Science 2006年第5期13卷 375-380页

作者： KATAYUN KHERADMAND KARIM KAMALI yaghoub fathipour EBRAHIM MOHAMMADI GOLTAPEH A. M. CAMERIK Department of Agricultural Entomology Faculty of Agriculture Department of Plant Pathology Faculty of Agriculture Tarbiat Modares University Tehran Iran School of Animals Plant and Environmental Sciences University of the Witwatersrand Johannesburg South Africa

This paper is concerned with the bionomics and demography of Pediculaster fletchmanni Wicht （Acari： Siteroptidae） under controlled conditions （20 ± l, 22 ± 1 and 25 ± 1℃, 70% ± 5% relative humidity and a photoperiod of 16L ： 8D hours）. Glass Petri dishes inoculated with Trichoderma sp. mycelia were used as substrate and food source. The mean developmental time of the egg and the active larva did not differ significantly at the various constant temperatures, but these periods were significantly different for the quiescent larval stage. The preoviposition period ranged from 2.3 to 2.8 days, the ovipositional period increased with temperature increase, and all females died immediately after oviposition. The development of active larvae was the fastest of all life stages. The developmental threshold ranged between 5.25-14.22℃ the highest value being observed for the quiescent larval development. For immature development required 89.29 degree-days. Values of rm （intrinsic rate of increase） were 0.229, 0.398 and 0.386 for 20, 22 and 25℃ respectively. Finite rates of increase （λ） increased along with increasing temperature from 20-25℃ consequently the population doubling time （D） and mean generation time （T） showed significant differences with increasing temperature.

关键词： degree-day demographic parameters mushroom pest Siteroptidae

伊朗Karaj地区双孢蘑菇上的螨类调查(英文)

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昆虫学报 2007年第4期50卷 416-422页

作者： Katayoon KHERADMAND Karim KAMALI yaghoub fathipour Edward UECKERMANN Ebrahim Mohammadi GOLTAPEH Department of Entomology Faculty of AgricultureTarbiat Modares UniversityP.O.Box:14115-336TehranIran Plant Protection Research Institute Private Bag X 134Queens WoodPretoriaSouth Africa Department of Plant Pathology Faculty of AgricultureTarbiat Modares UniversityP.O.Box:14115-336TehranIran

2004年春季至2006年夏季期间,调查了伊朗Karaj地区双孢蘑菇上的螨类,发现了3目9科17种食菌性、捕食性和腐食性螨类,包括:光滑巨螯螨Macrocheles glaber(M櫣ller),粪巨螯螨Macrocheles merdarius(Berlese),近褐巨螯螨Macrocheles subbadius(Berlese),甲虫寄螨Parasitus coleoptratorum(Linnaeus),粪堆寄螨Parasitus fimetorum(Berlese),乳突寄螨Parasitus mammillatus(Berlese),Sancassania rodionoviZachvatkin,腐食酪螨Tyrophagus putrescentiae (Schrank),Uroobovella fimicola(Berlese),Ameroseius fungicolus* Masan,Pediculaster kneeboni* Wicht,Pediculaster flechtmanni* Wicht,Scutacarus longitarsus (Berlese),Dendrolaelaps multidentatus* Masan,柴特北绥螨Arctoseius cetratus(Sellnick),Lasioseiussugawarai* Ehara和Ameroseius plumigera Oudemans。其中有"*"号标记的6个种为伊朗新纪录种,12个种为在蘑菇上首次发现。

关键词：螨类双孢蘑菇新记录伊朗

Intraguild predation among Scolothrips Iongicornis （Thysanoptera： Thripidae）, Neoseiulus californicus and Typhlodromus bagdasarjani （Acari： Phytoseiidae） under laboratory conditions

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Insect Science 2015年第2期22卷 263-272页

作者： Azadeh Farazmand yaghoub fathipour Karim Kamali Department of Entomology Faculty of Agriculture Tarbiat Modares University Tehran Iran

This study was carried out on the ability of predatory thrips Scolothrips longi- cornis Priesner to feed on 2 phytoseiid species and vice versa. Also the effect of predation of Neoseiulus californicus （McGregor） on Typhlodromus bagdasarjani Wainstein and Aru- tunjan and vice versa was evaluated. The larvae, prepupae, and pupae of thrips and the eggs, larvae, and protonymphs of phytoseiids were selected as intraguild prey. The in- traguild predation （IGP） among S. longicornis and 2 phytoseiid species was unidirectional and in favor of phytoseiids, i.e., S. longicornis was not able to feed on larval stages of 2 phytoseiids. However, N. californicus and T. bagdasarjani fed on the 1st instar larvae （1.39 and 0.80 per day）, 2nd instar larvae （0.87 and 0.55 per day）, prepupae （0.51 and 0.48 per day）, and pupae of thrips （0.51 and 0.49 per day, respectively）. Both phytoseiids fed on eggs, larvae, and protonymphal stages of each other. Females of N. californicus con- sumed more phytoseiid larvae （2.49 per day） than T. bagdasarjani, which consumed 1.08 N. californicus larvae per day. When Tetranychus urticae was presented as an extraguild prey, intensity oflGP between 2 species ofphytoseiids and on larval stages ofS. longicornis reduced significantly. Therefore, it is concluded that （i） IGP existed among the 3 examined species and lack of feeding of S. longicornis on 2 phytoseiid species can be justified by its feeding type （monophagy）, （ii） N. californicus was much more prone to IGP than was T. bagdasarjani.

关键词： intraguild interactions Neoseiulus californicus Scolothrips longicornis,Tetranychus urticae Typhlodromus bagdasarjani