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Simulation of the Ecosystem Productivity Responses to Aerosol Diffuse Radiation Fertilization Effects over the Pan-Arctic during 2001–19

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Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2024年第1期41卷 84-96页

作者： Zhiding ZHANG Xu YUE Hao ZHOU Jun ZHU yadong lei Chenguang TIAN Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Environment Monitoring and Pollution Control Collaborative Innovation Center of Atmospheric Environment and Equipment TechnologySchool of Environmental Science and EngineeringNanjing University of Information Science&Technology(NUIST)Nanjing 210044China Climate Change Research Center Institute of Atmospheric Physics(IAP)Chinese Academy of Sciences(CAS)Beijing 100029China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China State Key Laboratory of Severe Weather&Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Chemistry of CMA Chinese Academy of Meteorological SciencesBeijing 100081China

The pan-Arctic is confronted with air pollution transported from lower *** have shown that aerosols help increase plant photosynthesis through the diffuse radiation fertilization effects(DRFEs).While such DRFEs have been explored at low to middle latitudes,the aerosol impacts on pan-Arctic ecosystems and the contributions by anthropogenic and natural emission sources remain less ***,we perform regional simulations at 0.2o×0.2ousing a well-validated vegetation model(Yale Interactive terrestrial Biosphere,YIBs)in combination with multi-source of observations to quantify the impacts of aerosol DRFEs on the net primary productivity(NPP)in the pan-Arctic during *** show that aerosol DRFEs increase pan-Arctic NPP by 2.19 Pg C(12.8%)yr^(-1)under clear-sky conditions,in which natural and anthropogenic sources contribute to 8.9% and 3.9%,*** all-sky conditions,such DRFEs are largely dampened by cloud to only 0.26 Pg C(1.24%)yr^(-1),with contributions of 0.65% by natural and 0.59% by anthropogenic *** aerosols cause a positive NPP trend of 0.022% yr^(-1)following the increased fire activities in the *** contrast,anthropogenic aerosols induce a negative trend of-0.01% yr^(-1)due to reduced emissions from the middle *** trends in aerosol DRFEs show a turning point in the year of 2007 with more positive NPP trends by natural aerosols but negative NPP trends by anthropogenic aerosols *** affected by modeling uncertainties,this study suggests a likely increasing impact of aerosols on terrestrial ecosystems in the pan-Arctic under global warming.

关键词： diffuse radiation fertilization effects anthropogenic aerosols natural aerosols pan-Arctic net primary productivity

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Large potential of strengthening the land carbon sink in China through anthropogenic interventions

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Science Bulletin 2024年第16期69卷 2622-2631页

作者： Xu Yue Hao Zhou Yang Cao Hong Liao Xiaofei Lu Zhen Yu Wenping Yuan Zhu Liu yadong lei Stephen Sitch Jürgen Knauer Huijun Wang Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Environment Monitoring and Pollution Control Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Atmospheric Environment and Equipment TechnologySchool of Environmental Science and EngineeringNanjing University of Information Science&Technology(NUIST)Nanjing 210044China College of Meteorology and Oceanography National University of Defense TechnologyChangsha 410073China Jiangsu Nanjing Environmental Monitoring Center Nanjing 210013China Key Laboratory of Agrometeorology of Jiangsu Province Institute of EcologySchool of Applied MeteorologyNUISTNanjing 210044China Institute of Carbon Neutrality Sino-French Institute for Earth System ScienceCollege of Urban and Environmental SciencesPeking UniversityBeijing 100871China Department of Earth System Science Tsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China State Key Laboratory of Severe Weather and Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Chemistry of CMA Chinese Academy of Meteorological SciencesBeijing 100081China College of Life and Environmental Sciences University of ExeterExeter EX44RJUK Hawkesbury Institute for the Environment Western Sydney UniversityPenrith 2751Australia Key Laboratory of Meteorological Disaster Ministry of EducationJoint International Research Laboratory of Climate and Environment ChangeCollaborative Innovation Center on Forecast and Evaluation of Meteorological DisastersNUISTNanjing 210044China

The terrestrial ecosystem in China mitigates 21%-45%of the national contemporary fossil fuel CO_(2) emissions every *** and strengthening the land carbon sink is essential for reaching China’s target of carbon ***,this sink is subject to large uncertainties due to the joint impacts of climate change,air pollution,and human ***,we explore the potential of strengthening land carbon sink in China through anthropogenic interventions,including forestation,ozone reduction,and litter removal,taking advantage of a well-validated dynamic vegetation model and meteorological forcings from 16 climate *** anthropogenic interventions,considering Shared Socioeconomic Pathways(SSP)scenarios,the land sink is projected to be 0.26-0.56 Pg C a^(-1) at 2060,to which climate change contributes 0.06-0.13 Pg C a^(-1) and CO_(2) fertilization contributes 0.08-0.44 Pg C a^(-1) with the stronger effects for higher emission *** anthropogenic interventions,under a close-to-neutral emission scenario(SSP1-2.6),the land sink becomes 0.47-0.57 Pg C a^(-1) at 2060,including the contributions of 0.12 Pg C a^(-1) by conservative forestation,0.07 Pg C a^(-1) by ozone pollution control,and 0.06-0.16 Pg C a^(-1) by 20%litter removal over planted *** sink can mitigate 90%-110% of the residue anthropogenic carbon emissions in 2060,providing a solid foundation for the carbon neutrality in China.

关键词： Carbon sink Forestation Ozone Litter removal

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Comparison of Ozone and PM2.5 Concentrations over Urban,Suburban,and Background Sites in China

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Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2020年第12期37卷 1297-1309,I0001-I0004页

作者： Lan GAO Xu YUE Xiaoyan MENG Li DU yadong lei Chenguang TIAN Liang QIU Climate Change Research Center Institute of Atmospheric PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100029China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Environment Monitoring and Pollution Control Collaborative Innovation Center of Atmospheric Environment and Equipment TechnologySchool of Environment Science and EngineeringNanjing University of Information Science&TechnologyNanjing 210044China China National Environmental Monitoring Center Beijing 100012China School of Atmospheric Sciences Chengdu University of Information and TechnologyChengdu 610225China

Surface ozone(O3)and fine particulate matter(PM2.5)are dominant air pollutants in *** of these pollutants can show significant differences between urban and nonurban ***,such contrast has never been explored on the country *** study investigates the spatiotemporal characteristics of urban-to-suburban and urban-tobackground difference for O3(Δ[O3])and PM2.5(Δ[PM2.5])concentrations in China using monitoring data from 1171 urban,110 suburban,and 15 background sites built by the China National Environmental Monitoring Center(CNEMC).On the annual mean basis,the urban-to-suburbanΔ[O3]is−3.7 ppbv in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei,1.0 ppbv in the Yangtze River Delta,−3.5 ppbv in the Pearl River Delta,and−3.8 ppbv in the Sichuan *** the contrary,the urban-to-suburbanΔ[PM2.5]is 15.8,−0.3,3.5 and 2.4μg m^−3 in those areas,*** urban-to-suburban contrast is more significant in winter for bothΔ[O3]andΔ[PM2.5].In eastern China,urban-to-background differences are also moderate during summer,with−5.1 to 6.8 ppbv forΔ[O3]and−0.1 to 22.5μg m^−3 forΔ[PM2.5].However,such contrasts are much larger in winter,with−22.2 to 5.5 ppbv forΔ[O3]and 3.1 to 82.3μg m^−3 forΔ[PM2.5].Since the urban region accounts for only 2%of the whole country’s area,the urban-dominant air quality data from the CNEMC network may overestimate winter[PM2.5]but underestimate winter[O3]over the vast domain of *** study suggests that the CNEMC monitoring data should be used with caution for evaluating chemical models and assessing ecosystem health,which require more data outside urban areas.

关键词： ozone PM2.5 urban suburban background

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A New Parameterization of Canopy Radiative Transfer for Land Surface Radiation Models

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Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2017年第5期34卷 613-622页

作者： Feng ZHANG yadong lei Jia-Ren YAN Jian-Qi ZHAO Jiangnan LI Qiudan DAI Key Laboratory of Meteorological Disaster Ministry of Education/Joint International Research Laboratory of Climate and Environment Change/Collaborative Innovation Center on Forecast and Evaluation of Meteorological DisasterNanjing University of Information Science & Technology State Key Laboratory of Numerical Modeling for Atmospheric Sciences and Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Institute of Atmospheric PhysicsChinese Academy of Sciences Canadian Center for Climate Modeling and Analysis University of Victoria

A new parameterization of canopy asymmetry factor on phase function,which is dependent on the leaf normal distribution and leaf reflection/transmission,is derived. This new parameterization is much more accurate than the existing scheme. In addition,the new solutions for both the diffuse and direct radiation can be obtained using the Eddington approximation. It is found that the direct radiation can be described as a function of the diffuse radiation. This new approach offers a substantial improvement in accuracy,as compared with the hemispheric constant method,for both isotropic and anisotropic cases. Given the analytical nature of the solution and its high accuracy,we recommend the new parameterization for application in land surface radiation modeling.

关键词： radiative transfer canopy asymmetry factor Eddington approximation

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Assessing the conservation impact of Chinese indigenous chicken populations between ex-situ and in-situ using genome-wide SNPs

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2024年第3期23卷 975-987页

作者： Wenting Li Chaoqun Gao Zhao Cai Sensen Yan Yanru lei Mengya Wei Guirong Sun yadong Tian Kejun Wang Xiangtao Kang College of Animal Science and Technology Henan Agricultural UniversityZhengzhou 450002China The Shennong Laboratory Zhengzhou 450002China

Conservation programs require rigorous evaluation to ensure the preservation of genetic diversity and viability of conservation populations. In this study, we conducted a comparative analysis of two indigenous Chinese chicken breeds, Gushi and Xichuan black-bone, using whole-genome SNPs to understand their genetic diversity, track changes over time and population structure. The breeds were divided into five conservation populations(GS1, 2010, ex-situ;GS2, 2019, ex-situ;GS3, 2019, in-situ;XB1, 2010, in-situ;and XB2, 2019, in-situ) based on conservation methods and generations. The genetic diversity indices of three conservation populations of Gushi chicken showed consistent trends, with the GS3 population under in-situ strategy having the highest diversity and GS2 under ex-situ strategy having the lowest. The degree of inbreeding of GS2 was higher than that of GS1 and GS3. Conserved populations of Xichuan black-bone chicken showed no obvious changes in genetic diversity between XB1 and XB2. In terms of population structure, the GS3 population were stratified relative to GS1 and GS2. According to the conservation priority, GS3 had the highest contribution to the total gene and allelic diversity in GS breed, whereas the contribution of XB1 and XB2 were similar. We also observed that the genetic diversity of GS2 was lower than GS3, which were from the same generation but under different conservation programs(in-situ and ex-situ). While XB1 and XB2 had similar levels of genetic diversity. Overall, our findings suggested that the conservation programs performed in ex-situ could slow down the occurrence of inbreeding events, but could not entirely prevent the loss of genetic diversity when the conserved population size was small, while in-situ conservation populations with large population size could maintain a relative high level of genetic diversity.

关键词： genome-wide SNPs conservation genetic diversity ex-situ in-situ

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Synthesis and anti-HIV activities of phorbol derivatives

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Chinese Journal of Natural Medicines 2024年第2期22卷 146-160页

作者： HUANG Xiaolei TANG Chengrun HUANG Xusheng YANG Yun LI Qirun MA Mengdi ZHAO lei YANG Liumeng CUI yadong ZHANG Zhenqing ZHENG Yongtang ZHANG Jian College of Pharmaceutical Science Soochow UniversitySuzhou 215123China Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Human Disease Mechanisms of the Chinese Academy of Sciences/Key Laboratory of Bioactive Peptides of Yunnan Province Kunming Institute of ZoologyChinese Academy of SciencesKunming 650223China Kunming College of Life Science University of Chinese Academy of SciencesKunmingYunnan 650204China

In this study,37 derivatives of phorbol esters were synthesized and their anti-HIV-1 activities evaluated,building upon our previous synthesis of 51 phorbol derivatives.12-Para-electron-acceptor-trans-cinnamoyl-13-decanoyl phorbol derivatives stood out,demonstrating remarkable anti-HIV-1 activities and inhibitory effects on syncytia *** derivatives exhibited a higher safety index compared with the positive control *** them,12-(trans-4-fluorocinnamoyl)-13-decanoyl phorbol,designated as compound 3c,exhibited the most potent anti-HIV-1 activity(EC_(50)2.9 nmol·L^(−1),CC50/EC_(50)11117.24)and significantly inhibited the formation of syncytium(EC_(50)7.0 nmol·L^(−1),CC50/EC_(50)4891.43).Moreover,compound 3c is hypothesized to act both as an HIV-1 entry inhibitor and as an HIV-1 reverse transcriptase *** titration calorimetry and molecular docking studies indicated that compound 3c may also function as a natural activator of protein kinase C(PKC).Therefore,compound 3c emerges as a potential candidate for developing new anti-HIV drugs.

关键词： Phorbol esters Anti-HIV-1 activity Syncytia formation 12-(Trans-4-fluorocinnamoyl)-13-decanoyl phorbol Safety index HIV-1 entry inhibitor HIV-1 reverse transcriptase inhibitor PKC activator

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Acoustic Bilayer Gradient Metasurfaces for Perfect and Asymmetric Beam Splitting

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Chinese Physics Letters 2024年第1期41卷 39-50页

作者：权家琪孙宝印伏洋洋高雷徐亚东 Institute of Theoretical and Applied Physics School of Physical Science and TechnologySoochow UniversitySuzhou 215006China College of Physics Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics&Key Laboratory of Aerospace Information Materials and Physics(NUAA)MIITNanjing 211106China School of Optical and Electronic Information Suzhou City UniversitySuzhou 215104China

We experimentally and theoretically present a paradigm for the accurate bilayer design of gradient metasurfaces for wave beam manipulation,producing an extremely asymmetric splitting effect by simply tailoring the interlayer *** concept arises from anomalous diffraction in phase gradient metasurfaces and the precise combination of the phase gradient in bilayer *** by different diffraction routes in momentum space for incident beams from opposite directions,extremely asymmetric acoustic beam splitting can be generated in a robust way,as demonstrated in experiments through a designed bilayer *** work provides a novel approach and feasible platform for designing tunable devices to control wave propagation.

关键词： surfaces splitting asymmetric

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基于改进自适应IMM算法的高速列车组合定位

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电子与信息学报 2024年第3期46卷 817-825页

作者：王小敏雷筱张亚东西南交通大学信息科学与技术学院成都611756 四川省列车运行控制技术工程研究中心成都611756

针对列车高精度定位问题,该文提出基于改进自适应交互多模型(IMM)的高速列车高精度组合定位方法。首先,根据列车定位需求和各传感器特点,设计了卫星接收器、轮轴测速传感器、测速雷达以及单轴陀螺仪4种传感器的组合定位方案。然后,针对... 详细信息

针对列车高精度定位问题,该文提出基于改进自适应交互多模型(IMM)的高速列车高精度组合定位方法。首先,根据列车定位需求和各传感器特点,设计了卫星接收器、轮轴测速传感器、测速雷达以及单轴陀螺仪4种传感器的组合定位方案。然后,针对IMM融合滤波算法因先验信息不准导致固定参数设置不当的问题,引入Sage-Husa自适应滤波和转移概率矩阵(TPM)自适应更新集成为自适应IMM算法。针对多模型切换的滞后问题,利用子模型似然函数值能快速反映模型变化趋势的特点,将似然函数值设为判定标志,并引入判定窗对TPM矩阵元素进行修正,有效提升了模型的切换速度。最后,基于改进自适应IMM算法对4种传感器定位信息进行融合滤波,实现高速列车的高精度组合定位。仿真结果表明:改进后的算法相比其他自适应IMM算法提升定位精度1.6%~14.7%,并且能通过提高模型间切换速度来有效降低位置误差峰值,同时具备较好的抗噪性能。

关键词：列车定位交互式多模型 Sage-Husa自适应滤波算法马尔可夫转移概率矩阵判定窗

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视觉色彩在网页界面设计中的应用研究

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色彩 2024年第2期 33-35页

作者：武磊李亚东云南大学昌新国际艺术学院昆明城市学院

在媒体时代,网页设计已成为传达信息、展示品牌和用户体验的重要手段,已成为人们获得信息、了解品牌和确立活动的重要平台。在网页界面设计中,视觉色彩作为最直观、最具有感受性的设计元素之一。本文旨在探讨界面设计中色彩的功能、色... 详细信息

在媒体时代,网页设计已成为传达信息、展示品牌和用户体验的重要手段,已成为人们获得信息、了解品牌和确立活动的重要平台。在网页界面设计中,视觉色彩作为最直观、最具有感受性的设计元素之一。本文旨在探讨界面设计中色彩的功能、色彩心理学的应用以及色彩搭配的原则和实践策略等,对于提升用户体验和增强网页的吸引力起着至关深远的作用。正确的色彩运用不仅能提升网页的美观度,还能有效地传达品牌形象,增强用户的浏览体验。因此,深入研究网页界面设计中视觉色彩的运用具有深远意义。

关键词：网页设计视觉色彩用户体验色彩心理学色彩搭配

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地表生态类型BRDF形状约束的针阔混交林植被聚集指数估算

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遥感学报 2024年第4期28卷 995-1009页

作者：谢蕊焦子锑董亚冬崔磊尹思阳张小宁常雅轩郭静北京师范大学地理科学学部遥感科学与工程研究院北京100875 北京师范大学遥感科学国家重点实验室北京100875 中国科学院空天信息创新研究院北京100101

聚集指数CI(Clumping Index)是植被冠层的一个重要结构参数,对植被冠层的辐射截获,以及全球碳、水循环的研究均有重要作用。现有星载CI产品的估算主要是基于CI-NDHD(Normalized Difference between Hotspot and Dark spot)线性模型方法... 详细信息

聚集指数CI(Clumping Index)是植被冠层的一个重要结构参数,对植被冠层的辐射截获,以及全球碳、水循环的研究均有重要作用。现有星载CI产品的估算主要是基于CI-NDHD(Normalized Difference between Hotspot and Dark spot)线性模型方法,由于针叶林和阔叶林在叶片尺度上存在聚集层级的差异,该模型对它们分别采用了不同的模型系数。但是,该模型对中粗分辨率的针阔混交林像元通常采用阔叶林的CI反演系数,因此,理论上会导致该类型CI的高估。为此,本文提出了一种动态选取混交林像元端元CI组分的方法,以改进针阔混交林植被聚集指数的估算精度。首先,通过国际地圈—生物圈计划(IGBP)的地表类型和描述二向性反射分布函数BRDF(Bidirectional Reflectance Distribution Function)特征的地表各向异性平整指数AFX(Anisotropic Flat Index)进行双重约束,逐像元地计算端元CI值;然后,结合高分辨率的土地覆盖分类数据确定端元在像元中的面积比例,并估算MODIS针阔混交林像元的聚集指数MFCI(Mixed Forest CI);最后,将方法应用于研究区MODIS数据的MFCI估算,并通过地面实测数据进行精度评价。结果表明:目前的MODIS产品算法高估了针阔混交林像元的CI值,而MFCI估算方法在CI-NDHD算法的基础上,可以较显著地改善该类型聚集指数的估算精度,当针叶林树种成数达到60%时,精度改善可达28.03%,其中,改进结果的均方根误差(RMSE)和偏差(Bias)各降低约84%和175%。研究表明,MFCI方法对针阔混合像元的端元组分的变化敏感,在高分辨率地表分类已知的条件下,MFCI方法为针阔混交林CI产品生产和精度提高提供了可行的解决方案。

关键词：遥感聚集指数混交林 MODIS AFX NDHD MFCI

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