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Simulation of the Ecosystem Productivity Responses to Aerosol Diffuse Radiation Fertilization Effects over the Pan-Arctic during 2001–19

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Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2024年第1期41卷 84-96页

作者： Zhiding ZHANG Xu YUE Hao ZHOU Jun ZHU yadong lei Chenguang TIAN Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Environment Monitoring and Pollution Control Collaborative Innovation Center of Atmospheric Environment and Equipment TechnologySchool of Environmental Science and EngineeringNanjing University of Information Science&Technology(NUIST)Nanjing 210044China Climate Change Research Center Institute of Atmospheric Physics(IAP)Chinese Academy of Sciences(CAS)Beijing 100029China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China State Key Laboratory of Severe Weather&Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Chemistry of CMA Chinese Academy of Meteorological SciencesBeijing 100081China

The pan-Arctic is confronted with air pollution transported from lower *** have shown that aerosols help increase plant photosynthesis through the diffuse radiation fertilization effects(DRFEs).While such DRFEs have been explored at low to middle latitudes,the aerosol impacts on pan-Arctic ecosystems and the contributions by anthropogenic and natural emission sources remain less ***,we perform regional simulations at 0.2o×0.2ousing a well-validated vegetation model(Yale Interactive terrestrial Biosphere,YIBs)in combination with multi-source of observations to quantify the impacts of aerosol DRFEs on the net primary productivity(NPP)in the pan-Arctic during *** show that aerosol DRFEs increase pan-Arctic NPP by 2.19 Pg C(12.8%)yr^(-1)under clear-sky conditions,in which natural and anthropogenic sources contribute to 8.9% and 3.9%,*** all-sky conditions,such DRFEs are largely dampened by cloud to only 0.26 Pg C(1.24%)yr^(-1),with contributions of 0.65% by natural and 0.59% by anthropogenic *** aerosols cause a positive NPP trend of 0.022% yr^(-1)following the increased fire activities in the *** contrast,anthropogenic aerosols induce a negative trend of-0.01% yr^(-1)due to reduced emissions from the middle *** trends in aerosol DRFEs show a turning point in the year of 2007 with more positive NPP trends by natural aerosols but negative NPP trends by anthropogenic aerosols *** affected by modeling uncertainties,this study suggests a likely increasing impact of aerosols on terrestrial ecosystems in the pan-Arctic under global warming.

关键词： diffuse radiation fertilization effects anthropogenic aerosols natural aerosols pan-Arctic net primary productivity

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Comparison of Ozone and PM2.5 Concentrations over Urban,Suburban,and Background Sites in China

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Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2020年第12期37卷 1297-1309,I0001-I0004页

作者： Lan GAO Xu YUE Xiaoyan MENG Li DU yadong lei Chenguang TIAN Liang QIU Climate Change Research Center Institute of Atmospheric PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100029China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Environment Monitoring and Pollution Control Collaborative Innovation Center of Atmospheric Environment and Equipment TechnologySchool of Environment Science and EngineeringNanjing University of Information Science&TechnologyNanjing 210044China China National Environmental Monitoring Center Beijing 100012China School of Atmospheric Sciences Chengdu University of Information and TechnologyChengdu 610225China

Surface ozone(O3)and fine particulate matter(PM2.5)are dominant air pollutants in *** of these pollutants can show significant differences between urban and nonurban ***,such contrast has never been explored on the country *** study investigates the spatiotemporal characteristics of urban-to-suburban and urban-tobackground difference for O3(Δ[O3])and PM2.5(Δ[PM2.5])concentrations in China using monitoring data from 1171 urban,110 suburban,and 15 background sites built by the China National Environmental Monitoring Center(CNEMC).On the annual mean basis,the urban-to-suburbanΔ[O3]is−3.7 ppbv in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei,1.0 ppbv in the Yangtze River Delta,−3.5 ppbv in the Pearl River Delta,and−3.8 ppbv in the Sichuan *** the contrary,the urban-to-suburbanΔ[PM2.5]is 15.8,−0.3,3.5 and 2.4μg m^−3 in those areas,*** urban-to-suburban contrast is more significant in winter for bothΔ[O3]andΔ[PM2.5].In eastern China,urban-to-background differences are also moderate during summer,with−5.1 to 6.8 ppbv forΔ[O3]and−0.1 to 22.5μg m^−3 forΔ[PM2.5].However,such contrasts are much larger in winter,with−22.2 to 5.5 ppbv forΔ[O3]and 3.1 to 82.3μg m^−3 forΔ[PM2.5].Since the urban region accounts for only 2%of the whole country’s area,the urban-dominant air quality data from the CNEMC network may overestimate winter[PM2.5]but underestimate winter[O3]over the vast domain of *** study suggests that the CNEMC monitoring data should be used with caution for evaluating chemical models and assessing ecosystem health,which require more data outside urban areas.

关键词： ozone PM2.5 urban suburban background

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A New Parameterization of Canopy Radiative Transfer for Land Surface Radiation Models

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Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2017年第5期34卷 613-622页

作者： Feng ZHANG yadong lei Jia-Ren YAN Jian-Qi ZHAO Jiangnan LI Qiudan DAI Key Laboratory of Meteorological Disaster Ministry of Education/Joint International Research Laboratory of Climate and Environment Change/Collaborative Innovation Center on Forecast and Evaluation of Meteorological DisasterNanjing University of Information Science & Technology State Key Laboratory of Numerical Modeling for Atmospheric Sciences and Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Institute of Atmospheric PhysicsChinese Academy of Sciences Canadian Center for Climate Modeling and Analysis University of Victoria

A new parameterization of canopy asymmetry factor on phase function,which is dependent on the leaf normal distribution and leaf reflection/transmission,is derived. This new parameterization is much more accurate than the existing scheme. In addition,the new solutions for both the diffuse and direct radiation can be obtained using the Eddington approximation. It is found that the direct radiation can be described as a function of the diffuse radiation. This new approach offers a substantial improvement in accuracy,as compared with the hemispheric constant method,for both isotropic and anisotropic cases. Given the analytical nature of the solution and its high accuracy,we recommend the new parameterization for application in land surface radiation modeling.

关键词： radiative transfer canopy asymmetry factor Eddington approximation

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Large potential of strengthening the land carbon sink in China through anthropogenic interventions

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Science Bulletin 2024年第16期69卷 2622-2631页

作者： Xu Yue Hao Zhou Yang Cao Hong Liao Xiaofei Lu Zhen Yu Wenping Yuan Zhu Liu yadong lei Stephen Sitch Jürgen Knauer Huijun Wang Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Environment Monitoring and Pollution Control Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Atmospheric Environment and Equipment TechnologySchool of Environmental Science and EngineeringNanjing University of Information Science&Technology(NUIST)Nanjing 210044China College of Meteorology and Oceanography National University of Defense TechnologyChangsha 410073China Jiangsu Nanjing Environmental Monitoring Center Nanjing 210013China Key Laboratory of Agrometeorology of Jiangsu Province Institute of EcologySchool of Applied MeteorologyNUISTNanjing 210044China Institute of Carbon Neutrality Sino-French Institute for Earth System ScienceCollege of Urban and Environmental SciencesPeking UniversityBeijing 100871China Department of Earth System Science Tsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China State Key Laboratory of Severe Weather and Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Chemistry of CMA Chinese Academy of Meteorological SciencesBeijing 100081China College of Life and Environmental Sciences University of ExeterExeter EX44RJUK Hawkesbury Institute for the Environment Western Sydney UniversityPenrith 2751Australia Key Laboratory of Meteorological Disaster Ministry of EducationJoint International Research Laboratory of Climate and Environment ChangeCollaborative Innovation Center on Forecast and Evaluation of Meteorological DisastersNUISTNanjing 210044China

The terrestrial ecosystem in China mitigates 21%-45%of the national contemporary fossil fuel CO_(2) emissions every *** and strengthening the land carbon sink is essential for reaching China’s target of carbon ***,this sink is subject to large uncertainties due to the joint impacts of climate change,air pollution,and human ***,we explore the potential of strengthening land carbon sink in China through anthropogenic interventions,including forestation,ozone reduction,and litter removal,taking advantage of a well-validated dynamic vegetation model and meteorological forcings from 16 climate *** anthropogenic interventions,considering Shared Socioeconomic Pathways(SSP)scenarios,the land sink is projected to be 0.26-0.56 Pg C a^(-1) at 2060,to which climate change contributes 0.06-0.13 Pg C a^(-1) and CO_(2) fertilization contributes 0.08-0.44 Pg C a^(-1) with the stronger effects for higher emission *** anthropogenic interventions,under a close-to-neutral emission scenario(SSP1-2.6),the land sink becomes 0.47-0.57 Pg C a^(-1) at 2060,including the contributions of 0.12 Pg C a^(-1) by conservative forestation,0.07 Pg C a^(-1) by ozone pollution control,and 0.06-0.16 Pg C a^(-1) by 20%litter removal over planted *** sink can mitigate 90%-110% of the residue anthropogenic carbon emissions in 2060,providing a solid foundation for the carbon neutrality in China.

关键词： Carbon sink Forestation Ozone Litter removal

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全球FLUXNET站点总初级生产力的年际变化及其主导因子解析

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大气科学学报 2020年第6期43卷 1106-1114页

作者：尹茜茜乐旭周浩马一勉田晨光曹阳雷亚栋南京信息工程大学江苏省大气环境监测与污染控制高技术研究重点实验室/大气环境与装备技术协同创新中心/环境科学与工程学院江苏南京210044 中国科学院大气物理研究所中国科学院气候变化研究中心北京100029

基于耶鲁互动生物圈模式(YIBs),结合FLUXNET网络观测时间超过8 a的站点的观测数据,研究对不同气象因子影响下总初级生产力(Gross Primary Productivity,GPP)的年际变化进行分析,探讨各植被类型GPP年际变化的主要驱动因子。结果表明,光... 详细信息

基于耶鲁互动生物圈模式(YIBs),结合FLUXNET网络观测时间超过8 a的站点的观测数据,研究对不同气象因子影响下总初级生产力(Gross Primary Productivity,GPP)的年际变化进行分析,探讨各植被类型GPP年际变化的主要驱动因子。结果表明,光合有效辐射的变化是落叶阔叶林和常绿针叶林站点GPP年际变化的主要驱动因子,贡献了这些森林类型年际变率的80%。相对湿度变化是作物站点GPP年际变化的主要驱动因子,贡献了作物GPP年际变率的65%。温度是灌木丛站点GPP年际变率的重要因子,其贡献率达到58%。草原站点GPP年际变化的不确定性较大,没有统一的主导因子。研究结果表明,气象要素是全球陆地GPP年际变化的主导因素。在未来气候变化背景下,极端气候事件频发可能会进一步增加GPP的年际变率。

关键词：总初级生产力年际变化驱动因子 YIBs模式

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2019~2020年北极野火极端事件的气象成因解析

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气候与环境研究 2023年第2期28卷 195-206页

作者：彭道福乐旭朱君田晨光宫成马一勉雷亚栋周浩南京信息工程大学江苏省大气环境监测与污染控制高技术研究重点实验室/大气环境与装备技术协同创新中心/环境科学与工程学院南京210044 中国科学院大气物理研究所中国科学院气候变化研究中心北京100029 中国气象科学研究院大气成分与环境气象研究所北京100081

利用MERRA-2再分析气象变量(降雪量、降水量、地表风速、相对湿度、2 m气温、日最高气温)和加拿大火险天气指数,通过逐步回归方法构建1997~2020年间北极不同关键区内气象因子与野火碳排放量之间的关系,在此基础上解析北极地区2019~2020... 详细信息

利用MERRA-2再分析气象变量(降雪量、降水量、地表风速、相对湿度、2 m气温、日最高气温)和加拿大火险天气指数,通过逐步回归方法构建1997~2020年间北极不同关键区内气象因子与野火碳排放量之间的关系,在此基础上解析北极地区2019~2020年野火极端事件的主导气象因子。结果显示在北极的3个关键区中,野火排放的主导因子都是火险指数之一的粗腐殖质湿度码(Duff Moisture Code, DMC)。2019~2020年北极地区850 hPa位势高度异常偏高,带来极端升高的日最高温和显著减少的降水,共同导致异常偏高的DMC值并促进了野火极端事件的爆发。这一结果表明高温和干旱等气候异常对于目前频发的北极野火有较强的促进作用。

关键词：北极野火温度极端事件气象因子

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Penetrating power characteristics of half-wavelength AC transmission in point-to-grid system

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Journal of Modern Power Systems and Clean Energy 2019年第1期7卷 123-130页

作者： Hanqing LIANG yadong LIU lei WAN Gehao SHENG Xiuchen JIANG Department of Electrical Engineering Shanghai Jiao Tong University Global Energy Interconnection Development and Cooperation Organization

With the proposed concept of global energy interconnection, half-wavelength alternating current transmission(HWACT) technology becomes of more *** lines can be adopted to establish a pointto-grid system, in which the penetrating power(PP) is produced between receiving terminals, having a significant effect on the power flow *** order to investigate this phenomenon, the PP characteristics of the HWACT system are researched in this ***, the mathematical relationship between the transmission power and terminal bus voltages of a single HWACT line is derived using the equations of a distributed parameter *** research indicates that the relationship between power and terminal voltages shows ‘‘reverse characteristics"opposite to those of regular short transmission ***, the concept and definition of PP in a point-to-grid system with two receiving terminals are proposed, and the corresponding relationship between PP and the terminal bus voltages is *** are carried out to validate the theory under different conditions, so that the accuracy and adaptiveness of the theoretical analysis can be *** addition, the results demonstrate that selecting the location for a HWACT system has demanding requirements in order to control the value of PP.

关键词： Half-wavelength alternating current transmission(HWACT) Ultra-high voltage Synchronous power grids Penetrating power(PP)

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新冠肺炎疫情期间中国人为碳排放和大气污染物的变化

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大气科学学报 2020年第2期43卷 265-274页

作者：乐旭雷亚栋周浩刘竹胡斯勒图蔡兆男林金泰江志红廖宏南京信息工程大学江苏省大气环境监测与污染控制高技术研究重点实验室/大气环境与装备技术协同创新中心/环境科学与工程学院江苏南京210044 中国科学院大气物理研究所中国科学院气候变化研究中心北京100029 清华大学地球系统科学系北京100084 中国科学院空天信息创新研究院北京100010 中国科学院大气物理研究所中层大气和全球环境探测重点实验室北京100029 北京大学物理学院大气与海洋科学系北京100871 南京信息工程大学气象灾害教育部重点实验室/气候与环境变化国际联合实验室/气象灾害预报预警与评估协同创新中心江苏南京210044

利用行业经济活动数据、1 580个地面监测站和6套卫星反演数据,分析了我国新冠肺炎疫情期间人为碳排放和主要大气污染物的变化。与2019年第一季度相比,2020年同期我国碳排放降低9.8%,其中交通部门降幅最大达到43.4%。与2019年2-3月相比,... 详细信息

利用行业经济活动数据、1 580个地面监测站和6套卫星反演数据,分析了我国新冠肺炎疫情期间人为碳排放和主要大气污染物的变化。与2019年第一季度相比,2020年同期我国碳排放降低9.8%,其中交通部门降幅最大达到43.4%。与2019年2-3月相比,疫情期间全国地表臭氧浓度同比升高1.9 nL/L(5%),其中华北平原以降低为主,东南部地区以上升为主。PM2.5浓度同比下降12.6μg·m^-3(24.9%),其中长三角降幅最大。二氧化氮(NO2)的地面浓度和对流层柱浓度在京津冀、珠三角和长三角都降低20%~30%,体现了高低层的一致性。地面一氧化碳(CO)浓度同比降低17%,而对流层CO柱浓度升高2.5%,可能原因是境外生物质燃烧输送提升了我国南方高层大气的CO浓度。中东部地区气溶胶光学厚度显著降低,导致地表晴空短波辐射同比升高11.6 W·m^-2(9.6%)。

关键词：新冠肺炎疫情人为碳排放大气污染臭氧 PM2.5 葵花8

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Research on k-anonymity privacy protection scheme based on bilinear pairings

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The Journal of China Universities of Posts and Telecommunications 2018年第5期25卷 12-19页

作者： Song Cheng Zhang yadong Wang lei Liu Zhizhong College of Computer Science and Technology ( Software College) Henan Polytechnic University

Aimed at enhancing privacy protection of location-based services（ LBS） in mobile Internet environment,an improved privacy scheme of high service quality on the basis of bilinear pairings theory and k-anonymity is proposed. In circular region of Euclidian distance,mobile terminal evenly generates some false locations,from which half optimal false locations are screened out according to position entropy,location and mapping background information. The anonymity obtains the effective guarantee,so as to realize privacy protection. Through security analyses,the scheme is proved not only to be able to realize such security features as privacy,anonymity and nonforgeability,but also able to resist query tracing attack. And the result of simulation shows that this scheme not only has better evenness in selecting false locations,but also improves efficiency in generating and selecting false nodes.

关键词： location-based services (LBS) bilinear pairings k-anonymity privacy protection

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基于战伤训练模型的基层军医战救技能教学实践

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解放军医院管理杂志 2018年第3期25卷 269-271页

作者：邓月仙魏亚东江雷方红梅秦超第二军医大学卫生勤务学系上海200433

为提高某校基层军医战救技能班学员战救水平,通过分析其特点,使培训内容贴近实战化训练,突出基层军医岗位任职需求。在培训过程中以实兵交战战伤训练模型为基础,以随机产生的伤员为线,对基层军医搜、救、治伤员全过程进行评估。根据教... 详细信息

为提高某校基层军医战救技能班学员战救水平,通过分析其特点,使培训内容贴近实战化训练,突出基层军医岗位任职需求。在培训过程中以实兵交战战伤训练模型为基础,以随机产生的伤员为线,对基层军医搜、救、治伤员全过程进行评估。根据教学实践经验探讨实战化战救训练的课程设置、救治流程制定和训练环境建设。

关键词：战救技能基层军医战伤模型

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