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A combined kinetic study on the pyrolysis of chrome shavings by thermogravimetry

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Carbon Resources Conversion 2020年第1期3卷 156-163页

作者： Jie Liu Lan luo Zonghui Zhang yadi Hu Fang Wang Xiumin Li Keyong Tang School of Materials Science and Engineering Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhouHenan 450001China

Chrome shavings(CS),a kind of solid wastes discharged from tanneries,always pose serious environmental problems due to the presence of *** this work,kinetic study of the pyrolysis of CS was investigated using a thermogravimetric analyzer in nitrogen *** results obtained from the thermogravimetric analysis indicated that there are three stages in the temperature range 25 to 600℃.The second stage is the main weight loss stage and it could be mainly attributed to the pyrolysis of collagenous ***-conversional and generalized master-plots method were first employed to estimate the activation energy value and possible reaction mechanism of CS *** results showed that the pyrolysis process could not be described accurately by single-step reaction due to the heterogeneous nature of ***,the thermogravimetric kinetic of CS pyrolysis was studied using combined kinetic *** was found that three-parallel-reaction model allowed better fitting relevance for CS *** information was important for simulating and predicting the pyrolysis behaviors of CS.

关键词： Chrome shavings Combined kinetics Pyrolysis Thermogravimetry

2000—2019年中国早发型癌症疾病负担及危险因素变化趋势

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实用肿瘤杂志 2024年第2期39卷 97-103页

作者：曲龙嘉郑亚迪罗姿麟谢嘉欣陈晓露王晨冉董学思李霓中国人民武装警察部队辽宁省总队医院重症医学科辽宁沈阳110034 国家癌症中心/国家恶性肿瘤临床医学研究中心/中国医学科学院北京协和医学院肿瘤医院癌症早诊早治办公室北京100021

目的揭示2000—2019年中国早发型癌症疾病负担及危险因素的变化趋势。方法数据来自2019年全球疾病负担研究。采用发病、死亡和伤残调整寿命年(disability-adjusted life year,DALY)指标,分析中国15~49岁人群早发型癌症疾病负担情况;通... 详细信息

目的揭示2000—2019年中国早发型癌症疾病负担及危险因素的变化趋势。方法数据来自2019年全球疾病负担研究。采用发病、死亡和伤残调整寿命年(disability-adjusted life year,DALY)指标,分析中国15~49岁人群早发型癌症疾病负担情况;通过人群归因分值(population attributable fraction,PAF)估计早发型癌症DALY归因于可改变危险因素的比例。以年估计百分比(estimated annual percentage change,EAPC)及其95%CI估计2000—2019年疾病负担变化趋势。结果2019年中国早发型癌症发病率、死亡率和DALY率分别为109.0/10万、35.8/10万和1763.7/10万。新发病例数在所有早发型癌症中占比最高的癌种为乳腺癌、结直肠癌和胃癌;死亡例数占比最高的癌种为肺癌、肝癌和胃癌。35.8%的早发型癌症DALY可归因于可改变危险因素。烟草使用(PAF=16.0%)为我国早发型癌症首要危险因素,其次为膳食危险因素(6.1%)和酒精使用(5.9%)。2000—2019年,我国早发型癌症的发病率呈上升趋势(EAPC=2.0%,95%CI:1.6%~2.3%);死亡率(EAPC=-1.1%,95%CI:-1.4%~-0.7%)及DALY率(EAPC=-1.2%,95%CI:-1.5%~-0.8%)均呈下降趋势。早发型肝癌新发例数占所有早发型癌症新发病例的比例由2000年首位降至2019年第8位;早发型结直肠癌发病占比由2000年第6位升至2019年第2位。与2000年(32.0%)比较,2019年我国全人群早发型癌症DALY危险因素PAF增长11.9%。结论我国早发型癌症发病增加,死亡和伤残得到有效控制,不同癌种疾病负担构成的变化存在异质性。应加强对可改变危险因素的干预,降低早发型癌症负担。

关键词：早发型癌症疾病负担危险因素变化趋势

Kinetics and mechanism of thermal degradation of vegetable-tanned leather fiber

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Journal of Leather Science and Engineering 2019年第1期1卷 101-113页

作者： Jie Liu Lan luo yadi Hu Fang Wang Xuejing Zheng Keyong Tang School of Materials Science and Engineering Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhou 450001HenanChina

Thermal degradation of vegetable-tanned leather fiber(VLF)was investigated by thermogravimetric analysis aiming to know the exact kinetics and degradation *** thermogravimetric(TG)and differential thermogravimetric(DTG)curves showed that decomposition of the VLF occurs mainly in the range of 150-600℃,and the latter exhibits asymmetrical peak with a pronounced *** decomposition process was first analyzed by deconvolution of the experimental DTG curves,followed by reconstruction of the weight loss profiles of two individual *** common isoconversional approaches were applied to calculate the activation energy over a wide range of conversion for the sample,including modified Kissinger-Akahira-Sunose(MKAS),Friedman,and *** average activation energy of vegetable-tanned leather fiber was found to be 241.9 kJ mol^(−1) by MKAS *** activation energy values obtained for the pseudocomponents representing highly-crosslinked and low-crosslinked collagen in VLF were given as 190.6 and 124.8 kJ mol^(−1),*** master plots results suggested that the reaction mechanism for highly-crosslinked collagen follows the random nucleation and growth process at conversion values lower than *** the conversion is higher than 0.5,the mechanism tends to random scission *** low-crosslinked collagen,the degradation is mainly governed by random nucleation and nuclei *** gaseous products of VLF thermal degradation were analyzed with an online-coupled TG-Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy system.

关键词： Leather Collagen Thermal degradation kinetics Activation energy Master plots method

Improving sample preparation to investigate lignin intensity of xylem at the cellular level by confocal Raman microspectroscopy of Populus tomentosa

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Journal of Forestry Research 2021年第5期32卷 2135-2142页

作者： Bing Wang Mei luo yadi Liu Xiaorui Guo Xiatong Liu Chong Zhang Zhijing Zhao Di Liu Hui Li Hai Lu Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Tree Breeding By Molecular Design Beijing Forestry UniversityBeijing 100083People’s Republic of China College of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology Beijing Forestry UniversityBeijing 100083People’s Republic of China National Engineering Laboratory for Tree Breeding Beijing Forestry UniversityBeijing 100083People’s Republic of China

Confocal Raman microspectroscopy(CRM)is an important tool for analyzing the compositional distribution of cell walls in *** this study,we improved the sample preparation method using paraffin-embedded sections combined with hexane dewaxing to obtain high resolution Raman *** determined that the cell wall components of fiber cells were different from those of ray cells and vessel cells in the xylem of Populus *** bromide and CRM methods produced similar trends when the difference in lignin intensity in the xylem region was compared between transgenic PtrLac4 and wild-type ***,CRM proved more useful to analyze the lignin distribution in each cell type and distinguished the detailed difference in lignin intensity at the cellular ***,CRM proved to be a useful in situ method to rapidly analyze the spatial variation of lignin content in the xylem of woody plants.

关键词： Cell wall Confocal Raman microspectroscopy Lignin Paraffin section Populus tomentosa

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免喷涂金属质感改性塑料成型工艺优化

工程塑料应用 2020年第8期48卷 71-76,86页

作者：吴摞余俊宝杨亚娣会通新材料股份有限公司合肥231202

针对金属质感免喷涂改性塑料在实际应用过程中常存在的熔接线及流痕问题,从注塑工艺角度对免喷涂金属质感改性塑料表观缺陷进行了优化验证研究。结果表明,提升注塑温度、降低注塑速度对流痕和熔接线有改善作用,但同时要兼顾低速注塑条... 详细信息

针对金属质感免喷涂改性塑料在实际应用过程中常存在的熔接线及流痕问题,从注塑工艺角度对免喷涂金属质感改性塑料表观缺陷进行了优化验证研究。结果表明,提升注塑温度、降低注塑速度对流痕和熔接线有改善作用,但同时要兼顾低速注塑条件下易出现的欠注风险,对于复杂结构制件要注重分段多级注塑的验证;提高模具温度可以大大减弱流痕和熔接线,其中模具急冷急热技术是较好的改善手段;对于孔洞结构,常规的加工工艺改善措施对流痕及熔接线只有一定的缓解作用,无法根除,而模内切技术以其独特的加工过程,能实现孔洞结构流痕和熔接线的完美消除,是孔洞结构缺陷解决的有力方案;应尽量减少模具浇口的数量,如果无法规避,应根据制件结构适当调整浇口排布,通过顺序进胶方式将流痕和熔接线规避或是赶至制件非外观面。

关键词：免喷涂金属质感塑料熔接线流痕低剪切膜内切顺序进胶

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高分辨率波阻抗贝叶斯序贯随机反演

石油地球物理勘探 2020年第2期55卷 389-397,I0006页

作者：李祺鑫罗亚能张生张璐杨亚迪黄捍东中海油研究总院北京100028 东方地球物理公司物探技术研究中心河北涿州072751 太原理工大学矿业工程学院山西太原030024 中国石油勘探开发研究院北京100083 中国石油大学(北京)地球物理学院北京102249

确定性反演常见的方法包括模型法反演和稀疏脉冲反演,在特定的解约束条件下,只能进行单一的最优解估计,无法评价反演结果的不确定性;地质统计学反演主流算法均为地质统计学随机模拟方法与马尔科夫链-蒙特卡洛方法的某种结合,并没有将地... 详细信息

确定性反演常见的方法包括模型法反演和稀疏脉冲反演,在特定的解约束条件下,只能进行单一的最优解估计,无法评价反演结果的不确定性;地质统计学反演主流算法均为地质统计学随机模拟方法与马尔科夫链-蒙特卡洛方法的某种结合,并没有将地震反演、测井数据约束、随机模拟方法统一在一个理论框架下。为此,首先在贝叶斯理论框架下,将地震反演理论、测井数据约束、地质统计信息统一在波阻抗求解这个问题中,推导了基于对数波阻抗的地震数据与测井数据联合方程,然后通过序贯高斯随机模拟算法对反演方程进行高效采样求解。数值算例表明:与常规波阻抗最小二乘法反演相比,该方法分辨率高、反演结果受先验统计学参数约束,且输出的多个波阻抗反演结果可用于不确定性评价;与纯粹基于测井数据的序贯高斯随机模拟方法相比,该方法最大的优点就是考虑了地震数据约束,降低了反演结果的不确定性。针对实际数据,对比、分析了模型法反演、稀疏脉冲法反演、贝叶斯序贯随机反演结果,表明贝叶斯序贯随机反演方法在提高反演纵向分辨率与不确定性评价方面具有良好的应用前景。

关键词：高分辨率波阻抗反演贝叶斯理论序贯模拟不确定性评估

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免喷涂金属质感改性塑料模具与制件结构优化

工程塑料应用 2020年第10期48卷 52-58页

作者：吴摞余俊宝范保林杨亚娣会通新材料股份有限公司合肥231202

针对免喷涂金属质感改性塑料在实际应用过程中经常存在的熔接线及流痕问题,从模具与制件结构的角度对免喷涂金属质感改性塑料表观缺陷进行了优化验证研究。结果表明,制件结构宜采用简单化结构设计,应尽量规避筋位、孔、壁厚突变结构的使... 详细信息

针对免喷涂金属质感改性塑料在实际应用过程中经常存在的熔接线及流痕问题,从模具与制件结构的角度对免喷涂金属质感改性塑料表观缺陷进行了优化验证研究。结果表明,制件结构宜采用简单化结构设计,应尽量规避筋位、孔、壁厚突变结构的使用;加大浇口尺寸可以大幅减弱流痕及熔接线,其中采用轮辐式浇口是较好的改善手段;应尽量减少筋位及盲孔结构的使用,如果无法规避,应根据制件结构适当调整筋位及盲孔结构,筋位走向宜垂直熔体流动方向且筋位结构尽量作减薄(或镂空)处理;当筋位壁厚/制件壁厚<0.4时,制件外观面基本不会出现外观缺陷,随盲孔壁厚/制件壁厚比值不断增大,盲孔位置(或壁厚变化处)外观面缺陷不断减弱;表面蚀纹处理对缺陷有很好的遮盖作用,其中拉丝皮纹的遮盖效果要好于网格皮纹。

关键词：免喷涂金属质感塑料熔接线流痕筋位走向壁厚比表面蚀纹

牛乳蛋白与过敏儿童患者血清特异性IgE结合情况的检测与分析

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中国农业大学学报 2017年第9期22卷 40-44页

作者：石径周亚迪罗永康江米足中国农业大学食品科学与营养工程学院北京100083 北京双娃乳业有限公司北京100102 浙江大学附属儿童医院杭州310001

研究牛乳蛋白过敏儿童血清中对4种主要乳蛋白过敏原的抗体特异性情况。采用间接酶联免疫吸附法测定乳过敏儿童血清中4种乳蛋白过敏原特异性IgE抗体。结果显示,乳过敏儿童血清中α-乳白蛋白和β-乳球蛋白的特异性IgE比例较高,特异性IgE... 详细信息

研究牛乳蛋白过敏儿童血清中对4种主要乳蛋白过敏原的抗体特异性情况。采用间接酶联免疫吸附法测定乳过敏儿童血清中4种乳蛋白过敏原特异性IgE抗体。结果显示,乳过敏儿童血清中α-乳白蛋白和β-乳球蛋白的特异性IgE比例较高,特异性IgE阳性率分别可达44.3%和39.3%,其次α-酪蛋白和β-酪蛋白特异性IgE阳性率为31.2%和36.1%。研究结果表明,乳过敏儿童对4种乳蛋白过敏原都有一定比例的特异性IgE抗体,其中α-LA和β-LG的阳性率较高,是乳蛋白过敏儿童的主要过敏原蛋白,大部分乳过敏儿童不止对1种乳蛋白过敏。

关键词：牛乳蛋白过敏儿童特异性IgE 过敏原

Disparities in the global burden of tracheal,bronchus,and lung cancer from 1990 to 2019

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Chinese Medical Journal Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine 2023年第1期1卷 36-45页

作者： Chenran Wang Zheng Wu Yongjie Xu yadi Zheng Zilin luo Wei Cao Fei Wang Xuesi Dong Chao Qin Liang Zhao Changfa Xia Fengwei Tan Wanqing Chen Ni Li Jie He Office of Cancer Screening National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer HospitalChinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijing 100021China Department of Thoracic Surgery National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer HospitalChinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijing 100021China Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences Key Laboratory for National Cancer Big Data Analysis and Implementation Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijing 100021China

Background:Tracheal,bronchus,and lung(TBL)cancer imposes a high disease burden globally,and its pattern varies greatly across regions and *** study aimed to explore the global burden and temporal trends of TBL cancer from 1990 to ***:Data on incidence,mortality,and disability-adjusted life years(DALYs)metrics(number,crude rate,and age-standardized rates),and the attributable risk fraction of DALY of TBL cancer from 1990 to 2019 in 21 Global Burden of Disease(GBD)regions,four World Bank income regions,204 countries and territories,and the globe were obtained from the up-to-date GBD 2019 *** applied estimated annual percentage changes(EAPCs)to the age-standardized incidence rate(ASIR),age-standardized mortality rate(ASMR),and age-standardized DALY rate(ASDR)to quantify the temporal trends of the TBL cancer burden from *** of EAPC of age-standardized rates with universal health coverage(UHC)index at the national level were evaluated with Pearson correlation ***:Globally,approximately 2,260,000 new TBL cancer cases,2,042,600 deaths,and 45,858,000 DALYs were reported in *** of all modifiable risk factors,behavioral,environmental,and metabolic risk factors accounted for 79.1%,66.4%,33.3%,and 7.9%of global lung cancer DALYs,*** overall ASIR(EAPC:-0.1[95%confidence interval[CI]:-0.2,-0.1]),ASMR(EAPC:-0.3[95%CI:-0.4,-0.3]),and ASDR(EAPC:-0.7[95%CI:-0.7,-0.6])decreased from 1990 to *** highest mortality rate of TBL cancer occurred in the>85-year-old age group for both sexes among high-income countries(HICs)and upper-middle-income countries(UMCs),and in males aged 80-84 years and females aged>85 years in lower middle-income countries(LMCs).HICs experienced the largest declines in ASIR(-12.6%),ASMR(-20.3%),and ASDR(-27.8%)of TBL cancer between 1990 and 2019,while UMCs had the highest increases in ASIR(16.7%)and ASMR(8.0%)over the ***(52.4%),14(66.7%),and 15(71.4%)regions of the 21

关键词： Lung cancer Incidence Mortality Disability-adjusted life years Temporal trends