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Plant endemism in the Nepal Himalayas and phytogeographical implications

Plant Diversity 2019年第3期41卷 174-182页

作者： Achyut Tiwari yadav uprety Santosh Kumar Rana Department of Botany Tri-Chandra Campus Tribhuvan University Kathmandu Nepal Central Department of Botany Tribhuvan University Kirtipur Kathmandu Nepal Research Centre for Applied Science and Technology Tribhuvan University Kathmandu Nepal IUCN (International Union for Conservation of Nature) Kathmandu Nepal Key Laboratory for Plant Diversity and Biogeography of East Asia Kunming Institute of Botany Chinese Academy of Sciences Kunming 650201 Yunnan China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China

Nepal is located in the central part of the greater Himalayan range with a unique series of mountain chains formed by recent mountain building geological events. As one of the youngest mountains in the world it contributes to diversity of plants and also provided barriers to and corridors through which plants migrated during the ice ages. The higher altitudinal variation with the high mountains, deep river valleys and lowland plains combine with the effects of the summer monsoon and dry winter result with an extraordinary diversity of ecosystems including flora and fauna in a relatively small land area. The existing checklists for Nepal record some 6000 species of flowering plants and about 530 ferns. However, the botanical experts estimate that numbers may go up to 7000 when the poorly known remote regions are fully explored. The information on plant endemism in Nepal Himalaya is not adequately known as Nepal is still struggling to complete long awaited Flora of Nepal project. Endemic species are confined to specific areas and are the first to be affected by land use and other global changes. We sought to explore the spatial distribution of endemic plant species in Nepal in relation to the consequences associated with climatic and geologic changes over time in the region with the help of published literature. It was found that the endemism showed marked spatial variation between open moist habitat and dry inner valleys, the former with higher endemism. The updated records showed 312 flowering plant species to be endemic to Nepal with higher endemism around the elevation of 3800e4200 m at sea level. The recent human population explosion, intensified deforestation, habitat fragmentation and modern day environmental changes are posing greater threats to endemic plant in Nepal. The conservation status and threats to these peculiar species are unknown. Nevertheless, environmental degradation and high poverty rates create a potent mix of threats to biodiversity in this l

关键词： Himalaya Topography Endemism

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Stakeholder Perspectives on Use,Trade,and Conservation of Medicinal Plants in the Rasuwa District of Central Nepal

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Journal of Mountain Science 2011年第1期8卷 75-86页

作者： yadav uprety Ram C.POUDEL Hugo ASSELIN Emmanuel K.BOON Krishna K.SHRESTHA Human Ecology Department Vrije Universiteit BrusselLaarbeeklaan 109B-1090 BrusselsBelgium Canada Research Chair in Aboriginal Forestry Université du Québec en Abitibi-Témiscamingue445Boulevard de l'UniversitéRouyn-NorandaQuébecJ9X 5E4Canada Kunming Institute of Botany Chinese Academy of Sciences Central Department of Botany Tribhuvan University

People's livelihood in several Himalayan regions largely depends on collection,use,and trade of medicinal *** use is generally not a problem,but commercial gathering of selected species to meet increasing national and international demand can result in *** management of medicinal plants requires a clear understanding of the respective roles,responsibilities and viewpoints of the various stakeholders *** personal interviews and group discussions,this study aimed at investigating the views of two stakeholder groups on use,trade and conservation of medicinal plants in the Rasuwa district of *** people and district and national organizations agreed that medicinal plants are collected for a combination of commercial and personal *** on market availability differed significantly:100 % of the respondents from district and national organizations saw markets as easily available,against only 36 % for local *** could explain why medicinal plants were perceived by local people to contribute less to income generation than to livelihood *** viewpoints were also expressed concerning the status of medicinal plants in the district:81 % of the respondents from district and national organizationsconsidered that medicinal plants were threatened,compared to only 28 % for local *** this disparity,both stakeholder groups agreed upon potential threats to medicinal plants:over-harvesting;habitat loss due to land-use change and deforestation;and over-grazing by *** challenges were identified regarding sustainable management of medicinal plants,such as ambiguous policies;lack of resources,information and infrastructures;habitat degradation;and *** these challenges,respondents agreed that the medicinal plants sector offers huge opportunities in the Rasuwa district,given resource availability,community awareness and motivation,and the priority given

关键词： Medicinal plants Livelihood improvement Income generation Himalaya Local people Conservation Policy

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Plant diversity of the Kangchenjunga Landscape, Eastern Himalayas

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Plant Diversity 2019年第3期41卷 153-165页

作者： Pratikshya Kandel Nakul Chettri Ram P.Chaudhary Hemant Kumar Badola Kailash S.Gaira Sonam Wangchuk Namgay Bidha yadav uprety Eklabya Sharma International Centre for Integrated Mountain Development Kathmandu Nepal Research Centre for Applied Science and Technology (RECAST) Kathmandu Nepal G B Pant National Institute of Himalayan Environment and Sustainable Development (GBPNIHESD) Sikkim India Nature Conservation Division Department of Forest and Park Services Thimphu Bhutan

The Kangchenjunga Landscape (KL) in the Eastern Himalayas is a transboundary complex shared by Bhutan, India, and Nepal. It forms a part of the ‘Himalayan Biodiversity Hotspot’ and is one of the biologically richest landscapes in the Eastern Himalayas. In this paper, we use secondary information to review and consolidate the knowledge on the flora of the KL. We reviewed 215 journal articles, analysed the history of publications on the flora of the KL, their publication pattern in terms of temporal and spatial distribution and key research areas. Our review shows that the landscape has a long history of botanical research that dates back to the 1840s and progressed remarkably after the 1980s. Most of the studies have been carried out in India, followed by Nepal and Bhutan. The majority of these have been vegetation surveys, followed by research on ethnobotanical aspects and Non-Timber Forest Products (NTFPs). This paper describes the forest types and characteristic species of the KL and details the species richness, diversity and dominant families of seed plants. A total of 5198 species of seed plants belonging to 1548 genera and 216 families have been recorded from the landscape, including 3860 dicots, 1315 monocots and 23 gymnosperms. Among families, Orchidaceae is the most diversely represented family in terms of species richness. This paper also draws attention to the threatened and endemic flora of the KL, including 44 species that are threatened at national and global level and 182 species that are endemic. Finally, the paper reviews the major challenges facing the KL, the conservation efforts and practices that are currently in place and recommends systematic and comprehensive floral surveys, particularly long-term data collection and monitoring and transboundary collaboration, to address the existing knowledge gaps on floral diversity of the KL.

关键词： Floral diversity Transboundary landscape Nepal India Bhutan Biodiversity

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The Impact of Semi-Supervised Learning on the Performance of Intelligent Chatbot System

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2022年第5期71卷 3937-3952页

作者： Sudan Prasad uprety Seung Ryul Jeong The Graduate School of Business Information Technology Kookmin UniversitySeoul02707Korea

Artificial intelligent based dialog systems are getting attention from both business and academic *** key parts for such intelligent chatbot systems are domain classification,intent detection,and named entity *** supervised,unsupervised,and hybrid approaches are used to detect each *** intelligent systems,also called natural language understanding systems analyze user requests in sequential order:domain classification,intent,and entity recognition based on the semantic rules of the classified *** sequential approach propagates the downstream error;i.e.,if the domain classification model fails to classify the domain,intent and entity recognition ***,training such intelligent system necessitates a large number of user-annotated datasets for each *** study proposes a single joint predictive deep neural network framework based on long short-term memory using only a small user-annotated dataset to address these *** investigates value added by incorporating unlabeled data from user chatting logs into multi-domain spoken language understanding *** experimental analysis of the proposed joint frameworks,along with the semi-supervised multi-domain model,using open-source annotated and unannotated utterances shows robust improvement in the predictive performance of the proposed multi-domain intelligent chatbot over a base joint model and joint model based on adversarial learning.

关键词： Chatbot dialog system joint learning LSTM natural language understanding semi-supervised learning

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Medicinal Effects, Phytochemistry,Pharmacology of Euphorbia prostrata and Promising MolecularMechanisms

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Chinese Journal of Integrative Medicine 2024年第2期30卷 181-192页

作者： Nirmala Kumari yadav Rakesh yadav Department of Pharmacy Banasthali VidyapithBanasthali(304022)RajasthanIndia Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences Indira Gandhi UniversityMeerpurRewari(122502)HaryanaIndia National Forensic Sciences University Tripura CampusAgartala(799001)TripuraIndia

Euphorbiaceae is a large family of dicotyledonous angiosperms with diverse genera including Euphorbia prostrata(***).Current research has provided scientific evidence for traditional uses of *** against diverse pathological conditions such as anti-hemorrhoidal,anti-inflammatory,analgesic,wound healing,antioxidant,antibacterial,leishmanicidal,antitumor activity,and so *** phytochemical screening has revealed the presence of glycosides,phytosterols,flavonoids,polyphenols,tannins,and anthraquinones with chemical structures elucidation of their respective *** uniqueness of such multifactorial compounds present in this species endorses it as the potent therapeutic or prophylactic choice for several fatal *** ethnomedical applications served as a significant citation for pharmacology,the molecular mechanism has not been reviewed *** present paper provides a comprehensive review of research outcomes,pharmacology,toxicology,and molecular signaling of phytochemicals of *** species as a reference for relevant *** study of bioactive compounds in crude extracts and fractions,the demonstration of primary mechanisms of pharmacology,along with the addition of toxicity,and clinical trials,should be conceded in *** review underlines the *** species that can be a promising phytomedicine since we are committed to excavating more intensely into their pharmacological role.

关键词： Euphorbia prostrata Euphorbiaceae phytochemicals ethnomedical applications toxicology molecularmechanism

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Fusion of Medical Images in Wavelet Domain:A Hybrid Implementation

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Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences 2020年第1期122卷 303-321页

作者： Satya Prakash yadav Sachin yadav Department of Information Technology ABES Institute of Technology(ABESIT)GhaziabadIndia Department of Computer Science and Engineering G.L.Bajaj Institute of Technology and Management(GLBITM)Greater NoidaIndia

This paper presents a low intricate,profoundly energy effective MRI Images combination intended for remote visual sensor frameworks which leads to improved understanding and implementation of treatment;especially for *** is done by combining the original picture which leads to a significant reduction in the computation time and *** proposed technique conquers the calculation and energy impediment of low power tools and is examined as far as picture quality and energy is *** are performed utilizing MATLAB 2018a,to quantify the resultant vitality investment funds and the reproduction results show that the proposed calculation is very quick and devours just around 1%of vitality decomposition by the hybrid combination ***,the effortlessness of our proposed strategy makes it increasingly suitable for continuous applications.

关键词： Medical image fusion wavelet transform DWT DCT ICA fusion techniques multimodal fusion

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Stock values predictions using deep learning based hybrid models

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CAAI Transactions on Intelligence Technology 2022年第1期7卷 107-116页

作者： Konark yadav Milind yadav Sandeep Saini Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering The LNM Institute of Information TechnologyJaipurIndia Department of Computer Science and Engineering Rajasthan Technical UniversityKotaRajasthanIndia

Predicting the correct values of stock prices in fast fluctuating high-frequency financial data is always a challenging task.A deep learning-based model for live predictions of stock values is aimed to be developed *** authors'have proposed two models for different *** first one is based on Fast Recurrent Neural Networks(Fast RNNs).This model is used for stock price predictions for the first time in this *** second model is a hybrid deep learning model developed by utilising the best features of FastRNNs,Convolutional Neural Networks,and Bi-Directional Long Short Term Memory models to predict abrupt changes in the stock prices of a *** 1-min time interval stock data of four companies for a period of one and three days is *** with the lower Root Mean Squared Error(RMSE),the proposed models have low computational complexity as well,so that they can also be used for live *** models'performance is measured by the RMSE along with computation *** model outperforms Auto Regressive Integrated Moving Average,FBProphet,LSTM,and other proposed hybrid models on both RMSE and computation time for live predictions of stock values.

关键词： companies price stock

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Cosmological Constant Dominated Transit Universe from the Early Deceleration Phase to the Current Acceleration Phase in Bianchi-V Spacetime

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Chinese Physics Letters 2012年第7期29卷 298-302页

作者： yadav Anil Kumar Department of Physics Anand Engineering CollegeKeethamAgra-282007India

We present the transition of the universe from the early decelerating phase to the current accelerating phase with viscous fluid and time-dependent cosmological constant (A) as a source of matter in Bianchi- V *** study the transit behaviour of the universe,we assume the scale factor as an increasing function of time,which generates a time-dependent deceleration parameter (DP).The study revesls that the cosmological term does not change its fundamental nature for ε =const and ε =ε(t),where ε is the coefficient of bulk *** A(t)is found to be positive and is a decreasing function of *** same behavior was observed during recent supernovae *** physical behaviour of the universe is discussed in detail.

关键词： universe behaviour Phase

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Effect of heavy metals and phenol on bacterial decolourisation and COD reduction of sucrose-aspartic acid Maillard product

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2013年第1期25卷 172-180页

作者： Sangeeta yadav Ram Chandra Department of Environmental Microbiology School for Environmental SciencesBabasaheb Bhimrao Ambedkar University (A Central University)

Melanodins are amino-carbonyl complex, predominantly present in sugarcane molasses based distillery wastewater as major source of colourant. The microbial decolourisafion of melanoidin is a challenge due to its binding property with other co-pollutants of distillery waste. Results revealed that the presence of Zn2＋（2.00-20.00 mg/L） in melanoidin solution （1200 mg/L） stimulated the bacterial growth and sucrose-aspartic acid Maillard product （SAA） decolourisation as compared to control, while Fe3＋ and Mn2＋ at the same concentration inhibited the process. However, the presence of phenol （100 mg/L） along with Zn2＋, Fe3＋ and Mn2＋ suppressed the bacterial growth, SAA decolourisation and MnP activity. The shrinkage and reduced number of bacterial cell count at higher concentration of heavy metals in presence of phenol was also observed under scanning electron microscope.

关键词： degradation manganese peroxidase melanoidin

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Syntrophic co-culture of Bacillus subtilis and Klebsiella pneumonia for degradation of kraft lignin discharged from rayon grade pulp industry

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2015年第7期27卷 229-238页

作者： Sangeeta yadav Ram Chandra Department of Environmental Microbiology School for Environmental Sciences Babasaheb Bhimrao Ambedkar University (A Central University)

In order to search the degradability of kraft lignin, the potential bacterial strains Bacillus subtilis（GU193980） and Klebsiella pneumoniae（GU193981） were isolated, screened and applied in axenic and co-culture conditions. Results revealed that mixed culture showed better decolorization efficiency（80%） and reduction of pollution parameters（COD 73% and BOD62%） than axenic culture. This indicated syntrophic growth of these two bacteria rather than any antagonistic effect. The HPLC analysis of degraded samples of kraft lignin has shown the reduction in peak area compared to control, suggesting that decrease in color intensity might be largely attributed to the degradation of lignin by isolated ***, the GC-MS analysis showed that most of the compounds detected in control were diminished after bacterial treatment. Further, the seed germination test using Phaseolus aureus has supported the detoxification of bacterial decolorized kraft lignin for environmental safety. All these observations have revealed that the developed bacterial co-culture was capable for the effective degradation and decolorization of lignin containing rayon grade pulp mill wastewater for environmental safety.

关键词： Degradation GC-MS Kraft lignin Seed germination test Syntropic

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