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Unsupervised Color Segmentation with Reconstructed Spatial Weighted Gaussian Mixture Model and Random Color Histogram

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2024年第3期78卷 3323-3348页

作者： Umer Sadiq Khan Zhen Liu Fang Xu Muhib Ullah Khan Lerui Chen Touseef ahmed Khan Muhammad Kashif Khattak Yuquan Zhang School of Computer and Information Science Hubei Engineering UniversityXiaogan432000China Institute for AI Industrial Technology Research Hubei Engineering UniversityXiaogan432000China Key Lab of Mountain Hazards and Surface Processes Institute of Mountain Hazards and EnvironmentChinese Academy of SciencesChengdu610041China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing100049China College of Aviation Zhongyuan University of TechnologyZhengzhou451191China Research Center of Digital Mountain and Remote Sensing Application Institute of Mountain Hazards and EnvironmentChinese Academy of SciencesChengdu610041China School of Computer Science University of PoonchAzad Jammu Kashmir12350Pakistan School of Computer Science and Information Engineering Hubei UniversityWuhan430062China

Image classification and unsupervised image segmentation can be achieved using the Gaussian mixture *** the Gaussian mixture model enhances the flexibility of image segmentation,it does not reflect spatial information and is sensitive to the segmentation *** this study,we first present an efficient algorithm that incorporates spatial information into the Gaussian mixture model(GMM)without parameter *** proposed model highlights the residual region with considerable information and constructs color ***,we incorporate the content-based color saliency as spatial information in the Gaussian mixture *** segmentation is performed by clustering each pixel into an appropriate component according to the expectation maximization and maximum ***,the random color histogram assigns a unique color to each cluster and creates an attractive color by default for segmentation.A random color histogram serves as an effective tool for data visualization and is instrumental in the creation of generative art,facilitating both analytical and aesthetic *** experiments,we have used the Berkeley segmentation dataset BSDS-500 and Microsoft Research in Cambridge *** the study,the proposed model showcases notable advancements in unsupervised image segmentation,with probabilistic rand index(PRI)values reaching 0.80,BDE scores as low as 12.25 and 12.02,compactness variations at 0.59 and 0.7,and variation of information(VI)reduced to 2.0 and 1.49 for the BSDS-500 and MSRC datasets,respectively,outperforming current leading-edge methods and yielding more precise segmentations.

关键词： Unsupervised segmentation color saliency spatial weighted GMM random color histogram

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Tensile Strain Capacity Prediction of Engineered Cementitious Composites (ECC) Using Soft Computing Techniques

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Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences 2024年第3期138卷 2925-2954页

作者： Rabar H.Faraj Hemn Unis ahmed Hardi Saadullah Fathullah Alan Saeed Abdulrahman Farid Abed Civil Engineering Department University of HalabjaHalabjaIraq University of Sulaimani College of EngineeringCivil Engineering DepartmentSulaimaniIraq Civil Engineering Department Komar University of Science and TechnologySulaimaniIraq Department of Engineering Kurdistan Institution for Strategic Studies and Scientific ResearchesSulaimaniIraq Department of Civil Engineering American University of SharjahSharjah26666UAE

Plain concrete is strong in compression but brittle in tension,having a low tensile strain capacity that can significantly degrade the long-term performance of concrete structures,even when steel reinforcing is *** order to address these challenges,short polymer fibers are randomly dispersed in a cement-based matrix to forma highly ductile engineered cementitious composite(ECC).Thismaterial exhibits high ductility under tensile forces,with its tensile strain being several hundred times greater than conventional *** concrete is inherently weak in tension,the tensile strain capacity(TSC)has become one of the most extensively researched *** a result,developing a model to predict the TSC of the ECC and to optimize the mixture proportions becomes ***,the effort required for laboratory trial batches to determine the TSC is *** achieve the research objectives,five distinct models,artificial neural network(ANN),nonlinear model(NLR),linear relationship model(LR),multi-logistic model(MLR),and M5P-tree model(M5P),are investigated and employed to predict the TSCof ECCmixtures containing fly *** from115 mixtures are gathered and analyzed to develop a new *** input variables include mixture proportions,fiber length and diameter,and the time required for curing the various *** model’s effectiveness is evaluated and verified based on statistical parameters such as R2,mean absolute error(MAE),scatter index(SI),root mean squared error(RMSE),and objective function(OBJ)***,the ANN model outperforms the others in predicting the TSC of the ECC,with RMSE,MAE,OBJ,SI,and R2 values of 0.42%,0.3%,0.33%,0.135%,and 0.98,respectively.

关键词： Engineered cementitious composites fly ash curing time tensile strain capacity modeling

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Proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 inhibitors in peripheral artery disease:A review of efficacy,safety,and outcomes

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World Journal of Cardiology 2024年第7期16卷 397-401页

作者： Moiud Mohyeldin ahmed S Abuelgasim ahmed MG Mustafa Department of Internal Medicine University of Medical Sciences and TechnologyKhartoum 11111Sudan

Peripheral artery disease(PAD)is a common condition characterized by atherosclerosis in the peripheral arteries,associated with concomitant coronary and cerebrovascular *** convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9(PCSK9)inhibitors are a class of drugs that have shown potential in hypercholesterolemic *** review focuses on the efficacy,safety,and clinical outcomes of PCSK9 inhibitors in PAD based on the literature indexed by *** such as FOURIER and ODYSSEY demonstrate the efficacy of evolocumab and alirocumab in reducing cardiovascular events,offering a potential treatment option for PAD *** evaluations from trials show few adverse events,most of which are injection-site reactions,indicating the overall safety profile of PCSK9 *** outcomes show a reduction in cardiovascular events,ischemic strokes,and major adverse limb ***,despite these positive findings,PCSK9 inhibitors are still underutilized in clinical practice,possibly due to a lack of awareness among care providers and cost *** research is needed to establish the long-term effects and cost-effectiveness of PCSK9 inhibitors in PAD patients.

关键词： Peripheral artery disease Proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 inhibitors Cardiovascular risk reduction Evolocumab Alirocumab Lipid-lowering therapy Major adverse limb events Clinical outcomes Cost-effectiveness Safety profile

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Grindability Evaluation of Ultrasonic Assisted Grinding of Silicon Nitride Ceramic Using Minimum Quantity Lubrication Based SiO_(2)Nanofluid

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Chinese Journal of Mechanical Engineering 2024年第2期37卷 115-136页

作者： Yusuf Suleiman Dambatta Changhe Li Mohd Sayuti ahmed A D Sarhan Min Yang Benkai Li Anxue Chu Mingzheng Liu Yanbin Zhang Zafar Said Zongming Zhou School of Mechanical and Automotive Engineering Qingdao University of TechnologyQingdao 266520China Mechanical Engineering Department Ahmadu Bello UniversityZaria 810106Nigeria Mechanical Engineering Department University of Malaya50603 Kuala LumpurMalaysia Department of Mechanical Engineering King Fahd University of Petroleum&Minerals31261 DhahranSaudi Arabia State Key Laboratory of Ultra-Precision Machining Technology Department of Industrial and Systems Engineer-ingThe Hong Kong Polytechnic UniversityHong KongChina College of Engineering University of Sharjah27272 SharjahUnited Arab Emirates Hanergy(Qingdao)Lubrication Technology Co. Ltd.Qingdao 266100China

Minimum quantity Lubrication(MQL)is a sustainable lubrication system that is famous in many machining *** involve the spray of an infinitesimal amount of mist-like lubricants during machining *** MQL system is affirmed to exhibit an excellent machining performance,and it is highly *** nanofluids are understood to exhibit excellent lubricity and heat evacuation capability,compared to pure oil-based MQL *** have shown that the surface quality and amount of energy expended in the grinding operations can be reduced considerably due to the positive effect of these *** work presents an experimental study on the tribological performance of SiO_(2)nanofluid during grinding of Si_(3)N_(4)*** effect different grinding modes and lubrication systems during the grinding operation was also *** concentrations of the SiO_(2)nanofluid was manufactured using canola,corn and sunflower *** quantitative evaluation of the grinding process was done based on the amount of grinding forces,specific grinding energy,frictional coefficient,and surface *** was found that the canola oil exhibits optimal lubrication performance compared to corn oil,sunflower oil,and traditional lubrication ***,the introduction of ultrasonic vibrations with the SiO_(2)nanofluid in MQL system was found to reduce the specific grinding energy,normal grinding forces,tangential grinding forces,and surface roughness by 65%,57%,65%,and 18%***,regression analysis was used to obtain an optimum parameter *** observations from this work will aid the smooth transition towards ecofriendly and sustainable machining of engineering ceramics.

关键词： Minimum quantity lubrication(MQL) Ultrasonic assisted grinding(UAG) Eco-friendly lubricants Nanofluid Grinding Ceramic

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Cloud‐based video streaming services:Trends,challenges,and opportunities

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CAAI Transactions on Intelligence Technology 2024年第2期9卷 265-285页

作者： Tajinder Kumar Purushottam Sharma Jaswinder Tanwar Hisham Alsghier Shashi Bhushan Hesham Alhumyani Vivek Sharma ahmed I.Alutaibi CSE Department JMIETIYamunanagarHaryanaIndia Department of Information Technology ASETAmity University Uttar PradeshNoidaIndia Tata Communications Limited New DelhiIndia Department of Information Technology College of Computer and Information SciencesMajmaah UniversityMajmaahSaudi Arabia Amity School of Engineering and Technology Amity UniversityPatnaBiharIndia Department of Computer Engineering College of Computers and Information TechnologyTaif UniversityTaifSaudi Arabia Department of Computer Engineering College of Computer and Information SciencesMajmaah UniversityMajmaahSaudi Arabia

Cloud computing has drastically changed the delivery and consumption of live streaming *** designs,challenges,and possible uses of cloud computing for live streaming are studied.A comprehensive overview of the technical and business issues surrounding cloudbased live streaming is provided,including the benefits of cloud computing,the various live streaming architectures,and the challenges that live streaming service providers face in delivering high‐quality,real‐time *** different techniques used to improve the performance of video streaming,such as adaptive bit‐rate streaming,multicast distribution,and edge computing are discussed and the necessity of low‐latency and high‐quality video transmission in cloud‐based live streaming is *** such as improving user experience and live streaming service performance using cutting‐edge technology,like artificial intelligence and machine learning are *** addition,the legal and regulatory implications of cloud‐based live streaming,including issues with network neutrality,data privacy,and content moderation are *** future of cloud computing for live streaming is examined in the section that follows,and it looks at the most likely new developments in terms of trends and *** technology vendors,live streaming service providers,and regulators,the findings have major policy‐relevant *** on how stakeholders should address these concerns and take advantage of the potential presented by this rapidly evolving sector,as well as insights into the key challenges and opportunities associated with cloud‐based live streaming are provided.

关键词： cloud computing video analysis video coding

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Molecular insights into clinical trials for immune checkpoint inhibitors in colorectal cancer:Unravelling challenges and future directions

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2024年第13期30卷 1815-1835页

作者： Samantha Sharma Naresh Singh Anita ahmed Turk Isabella Wan Akshay Guttikonda Julia Lily Dong Xinna Zhang Mateusz Opyrchal Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics Indiana University School of MedicineIndianapolisIN 46202United States Division of Hematology/Oncology Department of MedicineIndiana University School of MedicineIndianapolisIN 46202United States Melvin and Bren Simon Comprehensive Cancer Center Indiana University School of MedicineIndianapolisIN 46202United States

Colorectal cancer(CRC)is a complex disease with diverse etiologies and clinical *** considerable progress in development of CRC therapeutics,challenges remain regarding the diagnosis and management of advanced stage metastatic CRC(mCRC).In particular,the five-year survival rate is very low since mCRC is currently rarely *** the past decade,cancer treatment has significantly improved with the introduction of cancer immunotherapies,specifically immune checkpoint *** aimed at blocking immune checkpoints such as PD-1,PD-L1,and CTLA-4 target inhibitory pathways of the immune system,and thereby enhance anti-tumor *** therapies thus have shown promising results in many clinical trials alone or in *** efficacy and safety of immunotherapy,either alone or in combination with CRC,have been investigated in several clinical *** trials,including KEYNOTE-164 and CheckMate 142,have led to Food and Drug Administration approval of the PD-1 inhibitors pembrolizumab and nivolumab,respectively,for the treatment of patients with unresectable or metastatic microsatellite instability-high or deficient mismatch repair ***,these drugs benefit only a small percentage of patients,with the benefits of immunotherapy remaining elusive for the vast majority of CRC *** this end,primary and secondary resistance to immunotherapy remains a significant issue,and further research is necessary to optimize the use of immunotherapy in CRC and identify biomarkers to predict the *** review provides a comprehensive overview of the clinical trials involving immune checkpoint inhibitors in *** underlying rationale,challenges faced,and potential future steps to improve the prognosis and enhance the likelihood of successful trials in this field are discussed.

关键词： Colorectal cancer Immune checkpoint inhibitors Clinical trials Immunotherapy Microsatellite instability Microsatellite stability DNA mismatch repair

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AFBNet: A Lightweight Adaptive Feature Fusion Module for Super-Resolution Algorithms

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Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences 2024年第9期140卷 2315-2347页

作者： Lirong Yin Lei Wang Siyu Lu Ruiyang Wang Haitao Ren ahmed AlSanad Salman A.AlQahtani Zhengtong Yin Xiaolu Li Wenfeng Zheng Department of Geography and Anthropology Louisiana State UniversityBaton RougeLA70803USA School of Automation University of Electronic Science and Technology of ChinaChengdu610054China College of Computer and Information Sciences King Saud UniversityRiyadh11574Saudi Arabia College of Resource and Environment Engineering Guizhou UniversityGuiyang550025China School of Geographical Sciences Southwest UniversityChongqing400715China

At present,super-resolution algorithms are employed to tackle the challenge of low image resolution,but it is difficult to extract differentiated feature details based on various inputs,resulting in poor generalization *** this situation,this study first analyzes the features of some feature extraction modules of the current super-resolution algorithm and then proposes an adaptive feature fusion block(AFB)for feature *** module mainly comprises dynamic convolution,attention mechanism,and pixel-based gating *** with dynamic convolution with scale information,the network can extract more differentiated feature *** introduction of a channel spatial attention mechanism combined with multi-feature fusion further enables the network to retain more important feature *** convolution and pixel-based gating mechanisms enhance the module’s ***,a comparative experiment of a super-resolution algorithm based on the AFB module is designed to substantiate the efficiency of the AFB *** results revealed that the network combined with the AFB module has stronger generalization ability and expression ability.

关键词： Super-resolution feature extraction dynamic convolution attention mechanism gate control

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Synthesis and characterization of a 1,3-dibutylimidazolium azide([BBIm][N_(3)]) : A promising green energetic ionic liquid

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Defence Technology（防务技术） 2024年第8期38卷 1-15页

作者： Nawel Matmat Amir Abdelaziz Djalal Trache Achour Sabrina ahmed Fouzi Tarchoun Hani Boukeciat Sourbh Thakur Weiqiang Pang Thomas M.Klapotke Energetic Materials Laboratory(EMLab) Teaching and Research Unit of Energetic ProcessesEcole Militaire PolytechniqueBP 17 Bordj El-BahriAlgiers 16046Algeria Department of Organic Chemistry Bioorganic Chemistry and BiotechnologySilesian University of TechnologyB.Krzywoustego 444-100 GliwicePoland Xi'an Modern Chemistry Research Institute Xi'an 710065China Energetic Materials Research Department of ChemistryLudwig-Maximilian UniversityMunich Butenandtstrasse 5-13(D)D-81377 MunichGermany

In the pursuit of advancing imidazolium-based energetic ionic liquids (EILs),the current study is devoted to the synthesis and characterization of 1,3-dibutyl-imidazolium azide ([BBIm][N_(3)]),as a novel member in this ionic liquids *** chemical structure of this EIL was rigorously characterized and confirmed using FTIR spectroscopy,1D,and 2D-NMR *** thermal behavior assessment was conducted through DSC and TGA *** analysis revealed an endothermic glass transition at T_(g)=-61℃,followed by an exothermic degradation event at T_(onset)=311℃.Similarly,TGA thermograms exhibited a one-stage decomposition process resulting in 100% mass loss of the ***,the short-term thermal stability of the azide EIL was investigated by combining the non-isothermal TGA data with the TAS,it-KAS,and VYA/CE isoconversional kinetic ***,the Arrhenius parameters(E_(a)=154 kJ·mol^(-1),Log(A/s^(-1))=11.8) and the most probable reaction model g(a) were *** observed high decomposition temperatures and the significantly elevated activation energy affirm the enhanced thermal stability of the modified *** findings revealed that[BBIm][N_(3)]EIL can be a promising candidate for advanced energetic material application.

关键词： 1,3-dibutyl-imidazolium azide[BBIm][N_(3)] Energetic imidazolium-base ionic liquids 1D-/2D-NMR analyses Short-term thermal stability Isoconversional approaches

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Impacts of Climate Change on Seawater Temperature and Total Dissolved Solids: Challenges and Sustainable Solutions for Reverse Osmosis Desalination in the Arabian Gulf Region

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Computational Water, Energy, and Environmental Engineering 2024年第1期13卷 86-93页

作者： ahmed Al Kubaish Jamal Salama Water Quality Section Saline Water Conversion Corporation Al-Khobar Saudi Arabia

This article examines the influence of seawater temperature and total dissolved solids (TDS) on reverse osmosis (RO) desalination in the Arabian Gulf region, with a focus on the impact of climate change. The study highlights the changes in seawater temperature and TDS levels over the years and discusses their effects on the efficiency and productivity of RO desalination plants. It emphasizes the importance of monitoring TDS levels and controlling seawater temperature to optimize water production. The article also suggests various solutions, including intensive pre-treatment, development of high-performance membranes, exploration of alternative water sources, and regulation of discharges into the Gulf, to ensure sustainable water supply in the face of rising TDS levels and seawater temperature. Further research and comprehensive monitoring are recommended to understand the implications of these findings and develop effective strategies for the management of marine resources in the Arabian Gulf.

关键词： Climate Change Temperature Reverse Osmosis Seawater Total Dissolved Solids Desalination

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Saffron(Crocus sativus L.) stigmas as a potential natural additive to improve oxidative stability attributes of sunflower(Helianthus annuus L.) oil stored under different conditions

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Grain & Oil Science and Technology 2024年第3期7卷 133-149页

作者： Moussa Nid ahmed Karima Abourat Jamila Gagour El Hassan Sakar Khalid Majourhat Said Gharby Biotechnology Analytical Sciences and Quality Control Team Polydisciplinary Faculty of Taroudant University Ibnou Zohr Laboratory of Biology Ecology and Health FS Abdelmalek Essaadi University Geo-Bio-Environmental Engineering and Innovation Laboratory Polydisciplinary Faculty of Taroudant University Ibnou Zohr

The aim of our study was to explore the antioxidant potential of Moroccan saffron stigmas（SS） and examine their performance as a natural antioxidant in enhancing the stability and quality properties of edible sunflower oil（SO）, with a focus on understanding the critical importance of edible oil stability for predicting quality deterioration during storage. Bearing this in mind, our research was designed to compare the efficacy of three concentrations of dried SS（at 0.2%, 0.3%, and 0.6%） against tocobiol（a synthetic antioxidant） as a positive control（at 0.3% concentration）. This comparison was conducted under three distinct storage conditions namely accelerated ageing（60 ℃）, exposure to light at ambient temperature, and darkness, to evaluate their impact on preventing severe oxidation and extending oil shelf-life. Oxidation state evolution was evaluated through peroxide value（PV）, free fatty acid（FFA）, anisidine value（p-AV）, K270value（conjugated trienes）, total oxidation index（TOTOX）, iodine value（IV）, and fatty acid composition（FA）. Our results revealed notable differences in stability tracking parameters. Specifically, these parameters were higher in samples stored under accelerated conditions, followed by the samples stored in ambient light, while those stored in darkness showed the highest stability among the three storage conditions. Supplementation of sunflower oil with SS and tocobiol significantly enhanced its oxidation stability. Notably, SS exhibited exceptional effectiveness in stabilizing sunflower oil regardless of SS dose, with the highest efficacy observed at 0.6%. This was evidenced by the slower rate of oxidation parameters under various storage conditions, highlighting a superior antioxidant activity compared to both the non-enriched oil and tocobiol-enriched oil. Furthermore, saffron stigmas, used as a natural supplement,contributed to the preservation of polyunsaturated fatty acids, indicating its potential as a robust source of natural antioxidan

关键词： Crocus sativus L. Helianthus annuus L. Saffron stigmas Shelf-life Sunflower oil Tocobiol

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