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Contribution of Simulation to the Skills Laboratory for the Learning of Obstetrical Examination in an African Setting with Limited Resources

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Open Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology 2023年第10期13卷 1666-1675页

作者： Hyacinthe Zamane Dantola Paul Kain Sibraogo Kiemtore Wendlassida Rabiia’h sawadogo Ali Ouedraogo Blandine Bonane Thieba Yalgado Ouedraogo Teaching Hospital Center Health Sciences Training and Research Unit Joseph Ki Zerbo University Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Tengandogo Teaching Hospital Health Sciences Training and Research Unit Joseph Ki Zerbo University Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Yalgado Ouedraogo Teaching Hospital Center Ouagadougou Burkina Faso

Objective: To evaluate the interest of the simulation in the learning of the obstetric examination of parturient by medical students. Materials and methods: It was an analytical cross-sectional study that took place from 1 to 28 February 2020 at the Yalgado Ouedraogo Teaching Hospital in Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso. The study population was made up of medical students at the Doctorate II level. The previous experience of the students in the obstetric examination of the parturient, the contribution of the simulation on their feelings and on their skills towards this examination were studied. The Mc Nemar Chi2 test was used to compare percentages on paired samples. Results: The level of difficulty in performing the obstetrical examination in the parturient evolved downwards after the practice of the simulation. The stress level to perform the obstetric exam has been significantly reduced. On the other hand, confidence has increased. The students’ ability to appreciate each of the elements of the obstetric examination studied had improved after the practice of simulation. Conclusion: The simulation in the skills laboratory was a great contribution and the acquisition of models of better fidelity would help to improve the contribution to the confidence building and the acquisition of skills by learners.

关键词： Simulation Skills Laboratory Obstetrical Examination Students

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Frequency of the C677T Polymorphism of MTHFR, G20210A of Prothrombin and R506Q of Factor V Leiden in Type 2 Diabetics in Abidjan

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Open Journal of Genetics 2024年第1期14卷 13-25页

作者： N’Guessan-Blao Rebecca Yapo Vincent Yayo-Ayé Mireille Adjambri Eusèbe Koné-Koné Fatoumata sawadogo Duni Hematology and General Biology Unit Faculty of Pharmaceutical and Biological Sciences Department of Biological Sciences Felix Houphouet-Boigny University Abidjan Ivory Coast Laboratory of Biology and Medical Research National Institute of Public Health (INSP) Abidjan Ivory Coast Molecular Biology Unit Center for Diagnosis and Research on AIDS and Other Infectious Diseases (CeDReS) Treichville University Hospital (CHU) Abidjan Ivory Coast

In Africa, the prevalence of diabetes is escalating and remains a concern due to the numerous complications it causes. Vascular damage associated with diabetes leads to a prothrombotic state observed in diabetic individuals. Diabetes is a complex and multifactorial disease involving genetic components. With the aim of preventing complications and contributing to an efficient management of diabetes, we investigated genes likely to lead to a risk of thrombosis, in particular the C677T of MTHFR, G20210A of prothrombin, and R506Q of factor V Leiden in type 2 diabetics in Abidjan receiving ambulatory care. A descriptive cross-sectional study was carried out on consenting type 2 diabetic patients. Mutation detection was carried out using the PCR-RFLP method employing restriction enzymes. Hemostasis tests (fibrinogen, D-dimers, fibrin monomers, and von Willebrand factor) were performed using citrate tubes on the Stage? Star Max automated system. Plasminogen activator inhibitor was assayed by ELISA method, and biochemical parameters were determined using the COBAS C311. The study population consisted of 45 diabetic patients, 51.1% of whom presented vascular complications, mainly neuropathy. Disturbances in hemostasis parameters were observed, with 15.5% of patients showing an increase in fibrin monomers. Mutation analysis revealed an absence of factor V mutation (factor V Leiden) and of G20210A mutation of the prothrombin gene. However, 15.6% of subjects had a heterozygous C677T mutation of MTHFR, with 57% of them being anemic. The exploration of biological and genetic factors associated with thrombotic risk is of significant interest in the optimal management of African type 2 diabetics.

关键词： Type 2 Diabetes C677T of MTHFR G20210A Factor V Leiden Thrombosis

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Management of a Total Coalescence of the Labia Majora in an 11-Year-Old Girl Following a Female Genital Mutilation: A Case Report

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Open Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology 2021年第9期11卷 1133-1139页

作者： Ouedraogo Issa Sib Sansan Rodrigue Sanogo Moussa Dembele Adama Tiemtoré Sibraogo sawadogo Yobi Alexis Thieba/Bonané Blandine Regional University Hospital Center of Ouahigouya Ouahigouya Burkina Faso Yalgado Ouedraogo University Hospital Center Ouahigouya Burkina Faso Souro Sanon University Hospital Center Bobo-Dioulasso Burkina Faso

Female genital mutilation (FGM) is still a topical practice in several African regions or countries. They constitute a violation of human rights, in particular because of their harmful consequences for the health of the people who suffer them and are the source of various complications. We report a case of FGM complications in the form of total coalescence of the labia majora with a small hole from which urine flows permanently. The management was a disinfubilation with suturing of the edges and urethral reimplantation and the evolution was favorable with complete healing after two (2) weeks.

关键词： Female Genital Mutilation 11-Year-Old Girl Disinfubilation

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CT Aspects of Psychomotor Delays in Children Aged 0 to 5 Years at Bogodogo University Hospital (Ouagadougou)

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Open Journal of Radiology 2022年第3期12卷 92-101页

作者： Ouedraogo Nina-Astrid Tall Mohamed sawadogo Adama Kambou Tiemtore Benilde Marie Ange Yougbare Solange Cisse Rabiou Laboratory of Radiodiagnosis and Medical Imaging Joseph Ki Zerbo University Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Radiology Department Bogodogo University Hospital Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Pediatric Department of the University Hospital of Bogodogo Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Radiology Department Yalgado Ouédraogo University Hospital Ouagadougou Burkina Faso

Background: Psychomotor delays in children are mainly investigated by CT imaging, due to the low availability and accessibility of magnetic resonance imaging in our context. Our aim was to study the CT aspects of psychomotor retardation (PMR) in children under 5 years of age at the University Hospital of Ouagadougou. Materials and Methods: Descriptive study with retrospective collection carried out over a period of twelve months (from September 2020 to August 2021). Our study focused on the reports of cranioencephalic CT scans performed on children aged 0 to 5 years, in whom a clinical diagnosis of psychomotor retardation had been made. Variables studied included socio-demographic data, clinical data, technique of CT examination, description of lesions and normality or not of the conclusion. Results: Cranioencephalic CT in children aged 0 - 5 years represented 9.78% of all CT scans performed in this age group. The sex ratio was 1.39. The mean age of the subjects in these reports was 18.31 ± 13.97 months and the modal class was [13 - 24] months. The CT scan was considered pathological in 85.10% of cases (n = 57). The most frequently noted encephalic anomalies were cerebral atrophy isolated in 54.4% of the cases (n = 31) or associated with other lesions in 30.1% of the cases (n = 17). Hydrocephalus was noted in 19.5% of the cases (n = 11). Conclusion: The lesions were mostly sequelae of cerebral ischaemia or cerebromeningeal infections. There were few cerebral malformations. There was no tumour etiology noted.

关键词： CT Scan Brain Child Ouagadougou Psychomotor Delay

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Screen House Assessment of Cowpea [(Vigna unguiculata (L.)] Genotypes for Drought Tolerance Using Selection Indices

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Agricultural Sciences 2023年第4期14卷 457-473页

作者： Sekou Armand Sanogo Sory Diallo Teyioue Benoit Joseph Batieno Adejumobi Idris Ishola Nerbéwendé sawadogo Daniel Nyadanu Department of Horticulture Faculty of Agriculture Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology (KNUST) Kumasi Ghana Institut d’Economie Rurale (IER) Bamako Mali Institut de l’Environnement et de la Recherche Agricole (INERA Kamboinsé/CNRST) Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Equipe Génétique et Amélioration des Plantes Laboratoire Biosciences Ecole Doctorale Sciences et Technologies Université Joseph KI-ZERBO Ouagadougou Burkina Faso

Cowpea [Vigna unguiculata (L.)] is one of the most important arid legumes cultivated for pulse and forage production. Drought is one of the most damageable constraints to crop production impacting negatively food security. The potential of cowpea to address food security is well established. However, not much is known about the base index selection method in breeding cowpea for drought tolerance, which is important for yields. Consequently, the present study has been conducted to: 1) evaluate the yield performance of cowpea genotypes under artificial drought and well-watered condition, 2) ranke genotype performance using selection indices, and 3) assess relationship between agronomic traits and yield. The experiment was the 2 watering conditions laid out in a Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with three replications. The experiment was carried out in pots under screen house at the Department of Horticulture at KNUST. The result showed that KPR1-96-73, Simbo, CZ06-4-16, Wilibaly and Agyenkwa were high yielding in well-water condition while Ghana Shoba, Sangaraka, Nketewade, Ghana Shoni and Korobalen were high yielding genotypes in water stress condition. The average yield reduction was 60.6% and 16% for grain and fodder yield respectively. The biplot displays revealed four groups among the genotypes tested which were based on their yielding capacity and drought tolerance. In cluster B high yielding and drought tolerant genotypes were identified, high yielding and drought susceptible have been identified in cluster A, low yielding and drought tolerant in cluster D, and lastly low yielding and drought susceptible in cluster C. Genotypes in cluster B were best due to the fact that it combines high yield and tolerance to drought. They were Ghana Shoni, Nketewade, Sangaraka and Ghana Shoba. These genotypes might be suitably employed in further drought tolerance breeding programs of cowpea. Significant relationships were observed between agronomic trait and yields un

关键词： Cowpea [Vigna unguiculata (L.)] Drought Selection Index

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Farmers’ Perception of Phenotypic Variation of Different Types of Sorghum Cultivated in Burkina Faso

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American Journal of Plant Sciences 2023年第10期14卷 1085-1100页

作者： Sévérin Tuina Josiane Tiendrebéogo Mariam Kiébré Nerbéwendé sawadogo Romaric Kiswendsida Nanema É quipe Génétique et Amélioration des Plantes Laboratoire Biosciences Université Joseph KI-ZERBO Ouagadougou Burkina Faso

Sorghum bicolor is a multi-purpose species adapted to many agroecological zones of Burkina Faso. In the local farming system, different types of sorghum are cultivated together. Such farming conditions could increase gene flow between the different types of sorghum and contribute to the evolution of their main morphological characteristics. Understanding the effect of the farming system on the characteristics of different types of sorghum could contribute to building a strategy for the management of its genetic diversity. A survey and accessions collection was carried out in ten villages selected in two agroclimatic zones of Burkina Faso. A total of 133 accessions were collected and thirty local names were recorded. The results revealed a significant variability within sorghum characteristics based on farmers’ descriptions. Four types of sorghum were identified by farmers based on their uses. These are sweet grain sorghum, grain sorghum, sweet sorghum and dyer sorghum. Most of farmers (54.6%) practised intercropping, and 28.86% of them intercropped several types of sorghum in the same or nearby fields. A high coincidence of the flowering period of the types of sorghum was observed by farmers in both agroclimatic zones. The results also showed that most of the farmers (55.7%) noted changes in the morphological characteristics of different types of sorghum. These variations included the reduction in potential yields and changes in grain taste and colour within the same type. Understanding these variations could help conserve and sustain sorghum genetic resources in Burkina Faso.

关键词： Sorghum bicolor Ethnobotanical Knowledge Genetic Diversity Burkina Faso

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Microbiological Quality of Cyperus esculentus L. Products Sold in Ouagadougou and Bobo Dioulasso (Burkina Faso)

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Open Journal of Applied Sciences 2024年第3期14卷 635-642页

作者： Zénabou Semdé Passinguemsin Alice Sonia Tiendrebeogo Bahanla Edwige Oboulbiga Charles Parkouda Hagrétou sawadogo Lingani Laboratoire des Sciences et Technologies des Aliments et Nutrition Département technologie alimentaire IRSAT CNRST Ouagadougou Burkina Faso

This study aimed to assess the microbiological quality of tiger nut (Cyperus esculentus L.) products sold in Ouagadougou and Bobo Dioulasso. The microbial load of tubers and tiger nut milk was determined using ISO 4833-1 (2003) standard (total mesophilic aerobic flora), NF ISO 7954 (1998) standard (yeasts and molds), and ISO 4832 (2006) standard (total coliforms, thermotolerant coliforms). The results showed that tiger nut tubers had an average microbial load between 4.86 ± 7.03 × 106 UFC/g and 1.82 ± 2.30 × 107 UFC/g for total mesophilic aerobic flora, from 4.34 ± 10.6 × 105 UFC/g to 3.52 ± 4.54 × 106 UFC/g for yeasts and molds, from 2.23 ± 2.25 × 105 UFC/g to 1.41 ± 2.16 × 105 UFC/g for total coliforms and from 1.83 ± 2.03 × 105 UFC/g to 7.0 ± 10.8 × 104 CFU/g for thermotolerant coliforms. For tiger nut milk samples, the average microbial load varied from 3.48 ± 2.98 × 106 CFU/g to 2.80 ± 5.69 × 107 CFU/g for total mesophilic aerobic flora, from 5.00 ± 7.21 × 104 CFU/g to 1.88 ± 3.31 × 105 CFU/g for yeasts and molds, from 4.58 ± 10.4 × 104 CFU/g to 6.31 ± 9.17 × 105 CFU/g for total coliforms and 7.00 ± 7.00 × 103 CFU/g to 2.87 ± 5.86 × 105 CFU/g for thermotolerant coliforms. This study revealed that the tubers and tiger nut milk sold in Ouagadougou and Bobo Dioulasso had a high microbial load which could lead to the degradation of these products and food poisoning for consumers.

关键词： Cyperus esculentus L. Tiger Nut Tubers Tiger Nut Milk Microbiological Quality

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Depression in HIV-Infected Compared to Their Seronegative Partners in Serodiscordant Couples in Ouagadougou (Burkina Faso)

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Open Journal of Internal Medicine 2016年第1期6卷 15-19页

作者： Oumar Guira Hervé Tiéno Yempabou Sagna Ismael Diallo Safyatou sawadogo Joseph Y. Drabo Unité de Formation et de Recherche en Sciences de la Santé Université de Ouagadougou Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Service de Médecine interne Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Yalgado Ouédraogo Ouagadougou Burkina Faso

Introduction: Depression is common in HIV/AIDS. We aim to investigate the frequency and the grade of this mental disorder in partners and determine its influence on sexual dysfunctions in serodiscordant couples in Ouagadougou. Patients/Method: This cross-sectional study was monitored from 1 January to 31 June 2010 in the internal medicine department of CHUYO, Ouagadougou. HIV-infected patients and their seronegative partners who gave their consent were included. Depression was diagnosed using the Beck Depression Inventory 13 items (BDI-13). Results: Eighty heterosexual and monogamous serodiscordant couples were studied. 31 (38.7%) HIV-infected and 23 (28.7%) seronegative partners were affected by depression;p = 0.18. The score of depression was 3.5 ± 2.1 in HIV-infected and 3.3 ± 1.6 in seronegative partners;p = 0.85. Depression was diagnosed in both partners in 13 couples (16.2%) and in only one partner in 28 couples (35%). Depression was diagnosed at least for one partner in 40 (51.3%) couples where sexual dysfunctions affected partner (s) and in 1 (50%) couple where no sexual dysfunction was reported. Conclusion: Psychological assessment is needed for a better management of HIV/AIDS in serodiscordant couples.

关键词： Depression Serodiscordant Couples Burkina Faso

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Optimization of Hydrocarbons Biodegradation by Bacterial Strains Isolated from Wastewaters in Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso: Case Study of SAE 40/50 Used Oils and Diesel

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Journal of Agricultural Chemistry and Environment 2016年第1期5卷 1-11页

作者： Adama sawadogo Harmonie C. Otoidobiga Léon W. Nitiema Alfred S. Traoré Dayéri Dianou Research Center for Biological Alimentary and Nutritional Sciences Research and Training Unit Life and Earth Sciences University of Ouagadougou Ouagadougou Burkina Faso National Center for Scientific and Technological Research Institute for Environment and Agricultural Research Ouagadougou Burkina Faso National Center for Scientific and Technological Research Institute for Health Sciences Research Ouagadougou Burkina Faso

Environmental pollution with petroleum and petrochemical products such as diesel and used oils has been recognized as one of the most serious current problem in the world, especially in developing countries. These petrochemical products devastate the soil, surface and underground waters and alter the microbial population at the polluted sites. Thus, the present work aims to optimize the biodegradation of diesel and two used oils (SAE 40 and SAE 50) by bacterial strains namely Acinetobacter S2 and Pseudomonas S7 using either nutrient factors (yeast extract, peptone or trace elements) or surfactants (tween 80 or Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate: SDS). The strains are incubated alone or together with the used oils or diesel supplemented or not with nutrient factors or surfactants for 14, 28, 42 and 56 days, respectively. For all the incubation period, the hydrocarbons degradation rates are determined by gravimetric assay. The results obtained show that nutrient factors increase significantly SAE 50 used oil biodegradation (p = 0.009). Similarly, tween 80 increases SAE 50 and SAE 40 used oils biodegradation but not diesel one. The results also show a significant difference between biodegradation rates at 14, 28, 42 and 56 days for all the hydro-carbons tested (p Acinetobacter S2 and Pseudomonas S7 increases the degradation over the one of the strains alone.

关键词： Biodegradation Hydrocarbon Nutrient Factor Surfactant Bacterial Strain

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Characterization of Peanut Shells for Their Valorization in Earth Brick

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Journal of Minerals and Materials Characterization and Engineering 2020年第4期8卷 301-315页

作者： Ouanmini Bobet Sory Nassio Mohamed Seynou Bakiono Remy Lamine Zerbo Issiaka Sanou Moustapha sawadogo Younoussa Millogo Escadeillas Gilles University Joseph KI-ZERBO UFR-SEA Ouagadougou Burkina Faso University Nazi BONI UFR-ST Bobo-Dioulasso Burkina Faso Laboratoire Matériaux et Durabilité des Constructions (LMDC) Université de Toulouse UPS INSA Toulouse France

Peanut shells from Burkina Faso were characterized using mineralogical, microstructural and chemical methods to perform its possibility to be used as reinforce in adobe bricks. It consists of cellulose (48 wt%), hemicellulose (3 wt%) and lignin (28 wt%). The peanut shells were characterized by high porosity and showed water absorption around 198% at 72 hours. Its chemical composition is essentially composed of silica, iron oxides, alumina and calcium oxide. Its microstructure showed that the peanut shells were a compilation of microfibers with high porous of borders. In watery solution, the peanut shells released polyphenols. Thermal conductivity of peanut at 25 °C was 0.155 ± 0.021 W/mK. The physico-chemical characteristics of peanut shells were similar to those found with agricultural by-products used in adobe reinforce.

关键词： Agricultural Wastes Peanut Shells Thermal Conductivity Adobes Durability

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